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EEIB413 Chapter 5 Lecture PDF
EEIB413 Chapter 5 Lecture PDF
Digital Signal
Conditioning
1
Computer Interface
VR
∆Vout = n
2
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Analog to Digital
Converters
• With the growing use of digital logic and
computers in process control, it is necessary
to employ an ADC to provide a digitally
encoded signal for the computer.
• The ADC will find a fractional binary number
that gives the closest approximation to the
fraction formed by the input voltage and
reference.
• Where b1, b2, … bn = n bit digital output, Vin = analog
input voltage, VR = analog reference voltage
b1 b2 bn Vin
+ 2 + ... + n ≤
2 2 2 VR 23
• This equation is unequally because the fraction
on the right can change continuously over all
values, but the binary number on left can
change only in fixed increments of ∆N = VR2-n.
• There is an inherent uncertainty in the input
voltage producing a given ADC output is, ∆V =
VR2-n.
• All binary number equal to 0 when the input
voltage is less than ∆V.
• The LSB of the binary number change from 0
to 1 when the input voltage is equal or more
than ∆V.
• All binary number equal to 1 when the input
voltage is greater than VR(1- 2-n).
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• The expression can be written in this
simple form:
Vin n
N = INT × 2
VR
• INT() means to take the integer part of
the equality in the bracket.
• The value of N is then converted to binary
output.
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Parallel Feedback ADC
• A comparator is used to
compare the input voltage
Vx to feedback voltage VF.
• The comparator output
signal drives a logic
network to produce the
digital signal.
• The output of comparator
become low when the two
signal become same value
within the resolution of the
converter.
• Each bit of the logic circuit
be tested, from MSB.
• Compare Vx and VF, where
VF = VR2-n, n = 1, 2, ….
• If Vx > VF, the correspond
bit set to 1, otherwise set
to 0.
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