The intellectual property system is a complex legal system.

There are several fundamental principles in

this system, some of them in some countries are directly formulated in legislation (de jure), while in
others they are defined vaguely or not at all, but are used in practice (de facto).

We will get acquainted with the essence of the principle of dualism of intellectual property, which is
extremely important not only for industrial law, but also for copyright and related rights.

The results of intellectual activity are intangible objects that are created by man and are initially in his
memory. Biological memory cannot store information unchanged for a long time. In other words, over
time, a person forgets what is stored in his memory. Moreover, not only information received from
outside and acquired knowledge is forgotten, but also created by man himself. Therefore, he is forced
to express his ideal creations in material objects. For the first time this happened in primitive drawings,
giving rise to painting as one of the forms of reflection of reality. Then came writing to express thoughts
and ideas, which were the results of a person’s creative activity. In other words, the results of creative
activity were not only in the memory of their creator, but also embodied in material objects.

Subsequently, material objects and things created and produced by man and representing benefits for
other people became goods, i.e. tangible objects in civil circulation. In almost any product
manufactured in an industrial, craft or artisanal way, the results of human creative and intellectual
activity are embodied.

The principle of dualism of intellectual property: intangible objects of intellectual property objectively
exist only embodied in material objects, in particular in goods.

A material object in which intellectual property is embodied can be not only a thing - an object, a
product, a device. Material objects can exist in the form of matter and field, i.e. can be both material
and wave. In other words, not only things are material, but also sound and electromagnetic waves. A
person sees things or their images and hears sounds associated with them. When a piece of music is
performed, it is embodied in sound waves that other people can perceive. In electromagnetic waves, by
means of modulation, audiovisual performances can be embodied, which, after demodulation, people
can see and hear on the TV. When playing a music CD, the musical performances embodied in it are
converted into sound waves, i.e. turn out to be in a different material form.