Background of Research

Current LiB industry: HIGH VOLTAGE AND HIGH CAPACITY ACTIVE MATERIALS to achieve high
gravimetric and volumetric energy LEAD TO:

1. Accelerate degradation mechanism

2. Capacity loss
3. Capacity fade
4. Power fade
5. Voltage fade

All these problems caused by:

1. solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth

2. cathode structure phase changes
3. gassing
4. parasitic side reactions at anodes and cathode

Side note : high capacity anodes such as silicon anodes experience excessive volume changes on
cycling, ~300% compared to 10% for grafit, and they suffer from rapid mechanical degradation

Solid state electrolyte :

Potentially higher density and safer LiB.

Lithium metal as anode can potentially increase specific energy and energy density. Current
technology using liquid electrolyte can causing short circuit due to dendrite growth of Lithium. To
overcome this, solid state electrolytes is proposed to be an alternatives to the liquids.

Types of solid state electrolyte

1. solid polymer electrolytes:

a. PEO matrix with lithium salts (eg. LiClO4)
2. Inorganic ceramic electrolytes (based on oxides and sulfides). Having high conductivity (10-4
– 10-2):
a. NaSICON – most common is LATP – conductivity in order 10-4 @room temp
b. Garnet type – new material LLZO – conductivity in order 10-3 @room tem
c. Sulfides