DESIGN OF STAIR CASE SPANNING LONGITUDINALLY

(Limit State Method as per IS 456-2000)

Name of Work: Pannu Ji Residence

Rise of the Step (Rise) 150 mm

Tread of the Step (Tread) 300 mm
Width of the Step (Width) 1.150 m
Span Length (L1) 1.000 m
Span Length (L2) 2.820 m
Span Length (L3) 1.000 m
Live Load (Load) 3.000 kN/m 2
Railing Load (Raiload) 0.250 kN/m
Finishes Load (Finload) 1.500 kN/m 2
Effective Cover 25 mm
Grade of Concrete (M) 25
Grade of Steel (Fe) 500
Detailed Design of Stairs

Assuming the waist slab thickness approximately as 35-40 mm for every metre
longitudinal span.
Waist Slab thickness = (Wst) = (L1+L2+L3)x40 = 180 mm
Dead weight of Waist Slab on inclined area (Dlws) = Wst x 0.0175
Dlws = 180 x 0.025 = 4.5 kN/m 2
Dead weight of Waist slab on Horizontal area (Dlwsh) =
Dlws x SQRT(Rise2 + Tread2)/Tread =
4.5x SQRT(150^2 +300^2)/(300) = 5.031 kN/m 2
Dead Weight of Steps (Dwsteps) = 0.5 x Rise x Conc Density =
Dwsteps = 0.5 x 150 x 25 / 1000 = 1.875 kN/m 2
Live Load on the Stair Case (as per IS 875) = 3.000 kN/m 2
Finishes Load on the Stair Case (if any) (Fin. Load = 1.500 kN/m 2
Loading on Spans L1 and or L3 per metre run (Landing Portion) :
50% of this load may be assumed to be acting longitudina 4.500 kN/m 2
Loading on Span L2 per metre run (Flight Portion)
Wl2 = ((Dlwsh+Dwsteps+Lload+Finload)xwidth + Raiload)/width
Wl2 = ((5.031 + 1.875 + 3 + 1.5) x 1.15 + 0.25) /1.15 = 11.623 kN/m 2
Loading Details on Stairs:
4.500 11.623 4.500

A L1 = 1 L2 = 2.82 L3 = 1 B
Ra 20.888 20.889 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 4.82 =4.5x1x(1+2.82+1x0.5) + 11.623x2.82(1+ 0.5x2.82) +4.5x1x0.5x1=
Ra x 4.8 = 100.6822 kN
Reaction at the support A = 20.888 kN
Rb = (4.5x1 + 11.623x2.82 + 4.5x1) - 20.888 = = 20.889 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Point of Maximum Moment = 2.410 m
Max BM: 20.888 x 2.41 - 4.5 x 1 x (2.41-0.5x1) - 11.623 x 0.5 x (2.41 - 1)^2
= 30.191 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5x 30.191 = 45.287 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
0.133 fck bd
2
Mu limit =
d (reqd) =Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.133 x fck) = Sqrt((45.287 x 1e+03) /(0.133x 25))
d (reqd) = 116.705 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 155 mm
Provide an overall depth of 180 mm
Factor Mu/bd2 = 45.2871e+03/155^2 = 1.88
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.48 %
Area of Steel Required = 744 mm2
However provided steel = 16 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.865
Ast Provided = 1340.75 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 1.42083
Basic span to depth ratio 23
Allowable Span to effective depth = 32.679
Actual Span to effective depth = 31.097 Hence Safe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 216 mm2
Provide 8# @ 200 mm c/c
Design of Landing Slab
Thickness of landing = 180 mm Width of Landing = 1.15 m
Loads on Landing Effective Span = 2.3 m
1) Self wt. of slab = 4.5 kn/sqm Effective depth = 155 mm
2) Finishes = 1.500 kn/sqm
3) Live Load = 3.000 kn/sqm
Total = 9.00 kn/sqm
Factored load = 13.50 kn/sqm
The entire loading on the Staircase is transmitted to the supporting edges by the bending of the
landing slab in a direction parallel to the risers

Loads (Assumed to be uniformly distributed) consider the full width of landing of 2m

1) Directly on Landing 15.53
2) From going = 24.58
Total = 40.11 kn/m
Loading on 1m wide Strip = 34.88 kn/m

Design Moment at Mid Span

Mu = 23.06 knm/m
Factor Mu/bd2 = 23.062371751e+03/155^2 = 0.96
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.232 %
Area of Steel Required = 359.6 mm2
However provided steel = 8 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.216
Ast Provided = 334.8 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 1.23152
Basic span to depth ratio 20
Allowable Span to effective depth = 24.630
Actual Span to effective depth = 14.839 Hence Safe
ALLY
%
y the bending of the

%
Span L1 Length from Beam to the Start of the Flight (this length can be even 0 m)
Span L2 Horizontal Length of the Flight Portion (length cannot be 0m)
Span L3 Length from End of the Flight to the Midlanding Beam (this length can be 0)