TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS

NETWORK.
  In the today world, Two devices are in network if a process in one device
is able to exchange information with a process in another
device. Networks are known as a medium of connections between
nodes (set of devices) or computers.

 A network is consist of group of computer systems, servers, networking

devices are linked together to share resources, including a printer or a
file server. The connection is established by using either cable media or
wireless media.

Computer networks serve a number of purposes, some of

which include:
 Communications such as email, instant messaging, chat rooms,
etc.
 Shared hardware such as printers and input devices.
 Shared data and information through the use of shared storage
devices.
 Shared software, which is achieved by running applications on
remote computers.
Types of network:

 Local area network (LAN).

 Metropolitan area network (MAN).

 Wide area network (WAN).

 Wireless local area network (WLAN).

 Storage area network (SAN).

 Personal area network (PAN).

LAN (Local Area Network)

 A LAN is a privately owned computer network covering

a small Networks geographical area, like a home, office,
or groups of buildings e.g. a school Network
 A LAN is used to connect the computers and other
network devices so that the devices can communicate
with each other to share the resources
 Now-a-days LANs are being installed using wireless
technologies. Such a system makes use of access point
or APs to transmit and receive data. One of the computers
in a network can become a server serving all the
remaining computers called Clients.
 For example, a library will have a wired or wireless
LAN Network for users to interconnect local networking
devices e.g., printers and servers to connect to
the internet.
Functions of LAN
 It is less costly as it is built with inexpensive hardware
such as hubs, network adapters, and Ethernet cables.
 The data is transferred at an extremely faster rate in Local
Area Network.
 Local Area Network provides higher security.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

 A metropolitan area network is a network that covers a

larger geographic area by interconnecting a different LAN
to form a larger network.
 Government agencies use MAN to connect to the citizens
and private industries.
 In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other
through a telephone exchange line.
 It has a higher range than Local Area Network (LAN).
 Extends to a range of 100 kms.
 A MAN usually interconnects a number of local area
networks using a high-capacity backbone technology,
such as fiber-optical links, and provides up-link services to
wide area networks and the Internet.
Function and uses of MAN.

 MAN is used in communication between the banks in a

city.
 It can be used in an Airline Reservation.
 It can be used in a college within a city.
 It can also be used for communication in the military.
WAN (Wide Area Network)

 A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a

large geographical area such as states or countries.
 A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the
LAN.
 A Wide Area Network is not limited to a single location, but
it spans over a large geographical area through a
telephone line, fibre optic cable or satellite links.
 The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world.
 A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of
Business, government, and education.

Examples Of Wide Area Network

 Mobile Broadband: A 4G network is widely used across a
region or country.
 Last mile: A telecom company is used to provide the
internet services to the customers in hundreds of cities by
connecting their home with fiber.
 Private network: A bank provides a private network that
connects the 44 offices. This network is made by using the
telephone leased line provided by the telecom company.
Advantages Of Wide Area Network:

 Geographical area: A Wide Area Network provides a

large geographical area. Suppose if the branch of our
office is in a different city then we can connect with them
through WAN. The internet provides a leased line through
which we can connect with another branch.
 Centralized data: In case of WAN network, data is
centralized. Therefore, we do not need to buy the emails,
files or back up servers.
 Get updated files: Software companies work on the live
server. Therefore, the programmers get the updated files
within seconds.
 Exchange messages: In a WAN network, messages are
transmitted fast. The web application like Facebook,
Watsapp, Skype allows you to communicate with friends.
 Sharing of software and resources: In WAN network,
we can share the software and other resources like a hard
drive, RAM.
 Global business: We can do the business over the
internet globally.
 High bandwidth: If we use the leased lines for our
company then this gives the high bandwidth. The high
bandwidth increases the data transfer rate which in turn
increases the productivity of our company.
Disadvantages of Wide Area Network

 Security issue: A WAN network has more security issues

as compared to LAN and MAN network as all the
technologies are combined together that creates the
security problem.
 Needs Firewall & antivirus software: The data is
transferred on the internet which can be changed or
hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be used.
Some people can inject the virus in our system so
antivirus is needed to protect from such a virus.
 High Setup cost: An installation cost of the WAN network
is high as it involves the purchasing of routers, switches.
 Troubleshooting problems: It covers a large area so
fixing the problem is difficult.
WLANs - Wireless Local Area Networks.
WLAN sometimes referred to as LAWN, for local area wireless
network) provide wireless network communication over short
distances using radio or infrared signals instead of traditional
network cabling.
 WLAN is one in which a mobile user can connect to a
local area network (LAN) through a wireless (radio)
connection.

 Benefits of WLAN

Wireless connections can extend or replace a Wired

infrastructure:
The wiring-free aspect of wireless LAN networking is very
attractive as you can connect the various computers in
your home together without having to drill holes and pull
network cables through walls and ceilings.

Increased productivity for the mobile employee:

The mobile user whose primary computer is a portable
computer can change location and always remain connected to
the network. This enables the mobile user to travel to various
places let it be meeting rooms, hallways, lobbies, cafeterias,
classrooms, and so forth.

Easy access to the Internet in public places:

Beyond the corporate workplace, access to the Internet and
even corporate sites can be made available through public
wireless “hot spot” networks.
Disadvantages of WLAN

 Less secure than wired network.

 Physical barrier can create problem.
 less acceptable than LAN in corporate & govt
institutions.
Storage Area Network (SAN)

 A SAN typically supports data storage, retrieval and

replication on business networks using high-end servers,
multiple disk arrays and Fibre Channel interconnection
technology.
 SANs support disk mirroring, backup and restore, archival
and retrieval of archived data, data migration from one
storage device to another and the sharing of data among
different servers in a network.
 Components: cabling, host bus adapters (HBA) &
switches.
Benefits of SAN

 Simple Storage– SAN can more simple to manage than

other storage systems. It is easier to access information
and also to increase capacity
 Increased Efficiency – If your business has multiple
locations then you can use the storage as who needs it
the most regardless of where it is storage. Resources can
be used more efficiently since they are used where they
are needed most.
 Maintenance – SAN works independently from the
business’ servers. This means that if there are issues with
the servers, SAN will be unaffected.
 Management Tools – There are tools that can find and fix
any fault without the need for specialist technical
personnel to be involved. There are features where they
can even alert the user that there are issues.
 Disaster Recovery– Information can be copied to another
business system in real time to another system at another
location. Users will be able to access information in the
case of any major problems or emergencies.
Campus Area Network (CAN)

 A campus area networks (CANs) is a computer network

interconnecting a few local area networks (LANs) within a
university campus or corporate campus Network. Campus
area network may link a variety of campus buildings .
 A campus area network is larger than a local area
network but smaller than a metropolitan area network
(MAN) or wide area network (WAN). CAN might also
stand for corporate area network.
Personal Area Network (PAN)

 A personal area network is a computer network organized

around an individual person. Personal area networks
typically involve a mobile computer , Personal area
networks can be constructed with cables or wirelessly .
Personal area networks generally cover a Network range
of less than 10 meters (about 30 feet).
 WPAN is a PAN carried over a low-powered, short-
distance wireless network technology such as Wireless
USB, Bluetooth or ZigBee. The reach of a WPAN varies
from a few centimetres to a few meters.
 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my

teacher prof. Garima kohli who gave me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic types of
network, which also helped me in doing a lot of Research.
Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends
who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited
time frame.
 CERTIFICATE

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT OF SHREYA GUPTA & SHINE

SHARMA OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA) HAS SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED THEIR IT
PROJECT ON THE TOPIC "TYPES OF NETWORK & THEIR
FUNCTIONS" AS PRESCRIBED BY Mrs. GARIMA KOHLI
DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 .

SUPERVISOR
PROF. GARIMA KOHLI.
 DECLARATION
I SHREYA GUPTA & SHINE SHARMA solemnly declare that the
project report is based on my own work carried out during the
course of our study under the supervision of Prof. GARIMA
KOHLI. I assert the statements made and conclusions drawn are
an outcome of my research work. I further certify that
I. The work contained in the report is original and has been done
by me under the general supervision of my supervisor. II. The
work has not been submitted to any other Institution for any
other degree/diploma/certificate in this university or any other
University of India or abroad.
III. We have followed the guidelines provided by the university in
writing the report. IV. Whenever we have used materials (data,
theoretical analysis, and text) from other sources, we have given
due credit to them in the text of the report and giving their
details in the references.

Submitted by:
Shreya gupta(59)
Shine sharma(58)
 Project topic: types of network and its function.

Submitted by:
Shine Sharma (58)
Shreya Gupta (59)