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FOOTNOTING AND LEGAL

CITATION: FOLLOWING THE
BLUE BOOK UNIFORM
SYSTEM OF CITATION
Atty. Patrick Simon Perillo
Columbia Law School LL.M. ‘14
Ateneo Law School J.D. ‘08
De La Salle University B.Sc. ‘03

TOPICS TO DISCUSS AND LEARN

!  Order of Authorities
!  Primary
!  Secondary
!  Footnoting

!  Short citation
!  Bibliography

!  Abbreviation of Words

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ORDER OF AUTHORITIES – PRIMARY

!  Constitution

!  Statutes, treaties and other international

instruments
!  Cases

!  Legislative Documents other than statutes

!  Administrative or executive documents

!  Implementing Rules and Regulations

!  Court Documents including Rules of Court

!  Documents of intergovernmental organizations

ORDER OF AUTHORITIES –
SECONDARY

!  Books, Annotations and Treatises

!  Journal Articles

!  Periodical Articles

!  Internet Sources

!  Interviews

!  Papers and Theses

!  Miscellaneous

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CONSTITUTION
!  Current Constitution:
{STATE OR COUNTRY} CONST. {subdivisions}
PHIL. CONST. art. VI, § 11, ¶ 2.

!  Repealed Constitution:
{Year of adoption} {STATE OR COUNTRY}
CONST. {subdivisions} ({year superseded}).
1935 Phil. Const. art. 1, § 1 (superseded
1971).

!  Small Caps shortcut: CTRL-SHIFT+K

CODES AND STATUTES

!  Codes
{Full title} {SHORT TITLE}, {statute number,
{subdivisions} ({year}).
An Act Revising the Penal Code and Other Penal
Law [REVISED PENAL CODE], Act No. 3815, art. 2
(1932).

!  Short citation and subsequent citations:

{SHORT TITLE}, {subdivisions}.
! REVISED PENAL CODE, arts. 171–73.
! Id.
! Id. art. 180, ¶ 2.

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CODES AND STATUTES

!  Statutes
{Full title} [{Short title, if any}], {statute
number}, {subdivisions} ({year}).

!  An Act Penalizing the Making or Drawing and

Issuance of a Check Without Sufficient Funds or
Credit and for Other Purposes, Batas Pambansa Blg.
22, § 6 (1978).

!  Short citation and subsequent citations:

{Short Title or abbreviated statute number}, {subd.}.
! B.P. Blg. 22, § 5.
! Id.
! Id. § 2.

CODES AND STATUTES

!  Statutes

!  An Act Providing for the Recognition and Use of

Electronic Commercial and Non-commercial
Transactions and Documents, Penalties for Unlawful
Use Thereof and For Other Purposes [e-Commerce
Act of 2008], Republic Act. No. 8792, § 33 (2000).

!  Short citation and subsequent citations:

! E-Commerce Act of 2008, §§ 33–34.
! Id.
! Id. § 10.

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CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)

!  Supreme Court Decisions
!  Reported Cases – General Rule
{Case name}, {Volume number} {Reporter} {first
page}, {cited page} ({year}).

! Laurel v. Abrogar, 483 SCRA 243, 245 (2006).

!  Unreported Cases – Exception

{Case name}, {G.R. Number} {Reporter}, {cited page}
{date}.

! People v. Ramos, G.R. No. 172470, Apr. 8, 2008.

CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)

!  Short citation and subsequent citations:

14 Laurel, 483 SCRA at 269.

15 Id. at 255.
16 Id.
17 People v. Ramos, G.R. No. 172470, Apr. 8, 2008.
18 Id.

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CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)

!  Decisions of other Philippine courts

{Case name}, {volume number} {Reporter}

{first page}, {cited page} ({Court} {year}).

People v. Collantes, 37 O.G. 1804, 1805

(Court of Appeals 1926).

If unreported, follow the same format as

that of the Supreme Court’s unreported cases.
(Exception)

LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
!  Bills

{Title}, {Legislature}, {Session}, in

{Publication, if any} {Subdivision} ({Date}).

H.B. 604, 13th Cong., 2d Sess. (May 12,

2007, in 128 Cong. Rec. S. 7091 (May 19,
2007).

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LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
!  Bills with hearings held

{Title of hearing, including the bill number and

committee which held the hearing},
{legislature} {page number} ({year of
hearing}) ({parenthetical information about
person testifying}).

Benefits for U.S. Victims of International

Terrorism: Hearing on S. 1275 Before
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee, 108th Cong. 2–5 (2003)
(statement of William H. Taft, IV, Legal
Advisor, Dept. of State).

LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
!  Congressional Reports
{Title and Author, if any} {H.R. or S. to indicate House of
Representatives or Senate} REP. NO. {Number of Congress}
-{Number of Report}, at {page number} ({year}).

H.R. REP. NO. 99-226, at 8 (1985).

!  Congressional Journals
{volume, if any} {JOURNAL OF CHAMBER OF CONGRESS}
{journal number}, {Legislature}, {Session} ({Date}).

!  SENATE JOURNAL 722, 13th Cong. 1st Reg. Sess., Senate

Sess. No. 67 (Mar. 7, 2005).
!  68 JOURNAL OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 14, 13th
Cong., 1st Reg. Sess. (May 10–11, 2005).

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EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE

MATERIALS
{Issuing agency}, {Title, if any}, {Issuance or
series number, if any}, {volume} {Official source,
if any} {page or section number} ({Date}).

!  Bureau of Internal Revenue, Revenue Memorandum

Circular No. 37-93, 89 O.G. 4476 (Aug. 9, 1993).
!  Bureau of Internal Revenue, Rev. Reg. No. 16, 2005,
Effectivity Clause (Sep. 1, 2005).
!  Office of the President, Instituting the Presidential
Award for Heroism in Times of Disaster, Executive
Order No. 421 (Sep. 7, 1990).
!  Securities and Exchange Commission, Code of
Corporate Governance, SEC Memorandum Circular
No. 2, Series of 2002 (Apr. 5, 2002).

IMPLEMENTING RULES AND

REGULATIONS
{Title of statute}, {Subdivisions} ({year}).

19 Rules and Regulations Implementing the Anti-

Violence against Women and Their Children Act of
2004, § 14 (a) (2004).
20 Id.
21 Rules and Regulations Implementing the e-
Commerce Act of 2000, § 1 (2000).
22 Id. § 5.

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RULES OF COURT
{TITLE OF RULES}, {rule}, {subdivisions}.

23 2000 REVISED RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, rule

110, § 4.
24 Id.
25 1997 RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, rule 41, § 2 (a).
26 Id.
27 1991 Revised Rules on Summary Procedure, § 10.
28 Id.

BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES

!  Books
and Treatises – General Rule:
{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or {edition
number} {year} or {year of edition}).

!  RUBEN F. BALANE, JOTTINGS IN CIVIL LAW:

SUCCESSION 53 (2d ed. 2002).
!  JOAQUIN G. BERNAS, S.J., THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF
THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES: A COMMENTARY
1195 (2003 ed.).
!  SAMUEL WILLISTON, A TREATISE ON THE LAW OF
CONTRACTS, ADMINISTRATIVE LAW TREATISE 120–21
(1990).

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BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES

!  Booksand Treatises – Multi-Volume Work
{volume number} {AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page}
({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year of
edition}).
!  4 OSCAR B. HERRERA, REMEDIAL LAW 150 (2001 ed.)

!  Books
and Treatises – With Editor or Translator
{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({Editor or
Translator} {ed(s). or trans.}, {year}).
!  ADAM SMITH, THE WEALTH OF NATIONS 30–31 (Edwin
Cannan ed., 2000).
!  WOMEN AND LANGUAGE IN LITERATURE AND SOCIETY
284-99 (Ruth Broker, et al., eds., 1980).

BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES

!  Booksand Treatises – 2 Authors
{AUTHOR 1} & {AUTHOR 2}, {TITLE} {cited page}
({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year of
edition}).
!  JUSTICE JOSE C. VITUG & JUDGE ERNESTO D. ACOSTA
TAX LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE 150 (2d ed. 2000).

!  Booksand Treatises – More than 2 authors

{AUTHOR 1}, ET AL., {TITLE} {cited page} ({year}
or {edition number} {year} or {year of edition}).
!  JOSUE N. BELLOSILLO, ET AL., OMNIBUS ELECTION
CODE 181 (2007).

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BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES

!  Booksand Treatises – Short citation and
subsequent citations:

29 BALANE, supra note 5, at 104.

30 Id.
31 VITUG & ACOSTA, supra note 8, at 205.
32 CRUZ, ET AL., supra note 6, at 305.
33 Id.
34 Id. at 288.
35 3 REGALADO, supra note 13, at 206.
36 Id. at 299.

BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES

!  Annotations

!  {Author},
Annotation, {Title}, {volume number}
{Reporter} {first page}, {cited page} ({year}).

!  Jorge R. Coquia, Annotation, The National

Computerized Identification Reference System as
Violation of the Right to Privacy: A Review of the
Principles and Jurisprudence on Privacy as Human
Rights, 293 SCRA 201, 203 (1998).

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JOURNAL ARTICLES
!  {Author}, {Title}, {volume number} {JOURNAL}
{first page, {cited page} ({year}).

37 Patrick Simon S. Perillo, Transporting the Concept

of Creeping Expropriation from de Lege Ferenda to
de Lege Lata: Concretizing the Nebulous under
International Law, 53 ATENEO L.J. 434, 488 (2008).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

45 Perillo, supra note 37, at 489–90.
46 Id.
47 Id. at 488.

ARTICLES IN BOOKS
!  {Author},{Title}, in {AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {first page
where article appears}, {cited page} ({year} or
{edition number} {year} or {year of edition}).

48 Dinah Shelton, Human rights and the environment:

substantive rights, in RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON
INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 265, 288
(Malgosia Fitzmaurice, David M. Ong & Panos
Merkouris eds., 2010).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

50 Shelton, supra note 48, at 497–503.
51 Id. at 779.

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PERIODICALS
!  Magazine

{Author}, {Title}, {NAME OF MAGAZINE}, {date},

at {first page of article}.
!  Usha Tankha, Transforming Misfortune into
Opportunity, ADB REV., Apr.–May 2006, at 30.

!  Newspaper Article
{Author}, {Headline}, {ABBREVIATION OF
NEWSPAPER}, {Date of article}, at {page on which
article appears}.
!  John M. Broder, Clinton Adamant on 3D World Role
in Climate Accord, N.Y. TIMES, Dec. 12, 1997, at A1.

INTERNET SOURCES
{Author if available}, {title}, available at
{internet address/website} (last accessed {date}).

!  Barry M. Leiner, et al., A Brief History of the

Internet, available at http://www.isoc.org/internet/
history/brief.shtml#Introduction (last accessed Apr.
26, 2007).
!  Protected Area and Wildlife Bureau, Tamaraw
Conservation Project, available at http://
www.pawb.gov.ph/progs/tamaraw.htm (last accessed
Dec. 27, 2002).

Note: Remove hyperlink.

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INTERVIEWS
!  In-person Interview
!  {Name}, {Title}, {Institutional Affiliation, if any, of the
interviewee}, in {location of the interview} ({date of
the interview}).
!  Interview with Dick Cheney, Vice-President, United
States of America, in Washington, D.C. (Oct. 24,
2006).
!  Telephone Interview
!  {Name}, {Title}, {Institutional Affiliation, if any, of the
interviewee}, in {location of the interview} ({date of
the interview}).
!  Telephone Interview with Orhan Pamuk, in
Stockholm (Oct. 12, 2006).

INTERVIEWS
!  Interview not personally conducted by the author

!  {Name of interviewer}, {Name of interviewee}, {Title},

{Institutional Affiliation, if any, of the interviewee},
in {location of the interview} ({date of the interview}).
!  Interview by Harry Keisler with Kofi Annan,
Secretary General, United Nations, in University of
California, Berkeley (Apr. 19, 1998).

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THESES
{Author}, {Title} ({date}) ({indicate type of work},
{institution that awarded the degree}) ({where it
can be found}).
!  Archie E. Blake, Daubert and Reality: A Survey of
Nevada Judges (1996) (unpublished thesis,
University of Nevada) (on file with Reno Library,
University of Nevada).
!  Rosalyn C. Rayco, Cyber-Prostitution at a Click of a
Button: Evaluating the Applicability of Prostitution
Statutes in Criminalizing Paid Video-based Cybersex
(2006) (unpublished J.D. thesis, Ateneo de Manila
University) (on file with the Professional Schools
Library, Ateneo de Manila University).

BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS

!  United Nations
!  General Assembly Resolutions

! {Resolution number}, {at page number, if if possible,

paragraph number}, U.N. GAOR, {Session or volume
number}, {supplement or annex number}, {designation}
({year}).
! G.A. Res. 2131, at 107–08, U.N. GAOR, 20th Sess., Supp.

No. 12, U.N. Doc. A/6012 (1965).

! G.A. Res. 57/377, ¶ 3, U.N. Doc. A/Res/57/377 (July 3, 2003).

! G.A. Res. 2131, supra note 34, at 2.

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BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS

!  United Nations
!  Reports

! {Name of issuing body}, [{abbreviation}], {Sub-committee

that prepared the report}, {Title of the report}, {paragraph
number or the pinpoint cite}, U.N. Doc. {document number}
({Date}) ({Author included, if available}).
! U.N. Econ. & Soc. Council [ECOSOC], United Nations

Forum on Forests, Report of the Seventh Session, chapt. I,

A.1.1. at 1, U.N. Doc. E/CN.18/2007/8 (Feb. 24, 2006 and
Apr. 16–27, 2007).

BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS

!  Treaties, Conventions, Protocols
!  {name of agreement}, {subdivision, if cited only in
part}, {full date of signing}, {international treaty
sources}.
51 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Dec. 10,
1982, preamble, 1983 U.N.T.S. 3 [hereinafter UNCLOS].
52 Convention on the Rights of the Child, Nov. 20, 1989, art.
19, 1577 U.N.T.S. 3 [hereinafter CRC].
53 Id. art. 23.
54 UNCLOS, art. 192.
55 Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations, U.S.–Thail.,
June 8, 1968, 652 U.N.T.S. 253 [hereinafter T.E.A.R.].

Exception: U.N. CHARTER art. 43, ¶ 1.

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BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS

!  Cases
!  {Case name}, ({Parties’ name, except if it is an
advisory opinion}), {volume number and Name of
publication} {case number}, {page number} ({date}).
!  Asylum (Colom. V. Peru), 1950 I.C.J. 266, 277–78
(Nov. 20, 1950).
!  Legal Status of Eastern Greenland Case, 1933
P.C.I.J. Ser. A/B No. 53, Ser. C., vol. 62, 43, 109, vol.
63, 858 (Apr. 5, 1933).
!  Asylum, 1950 I.C.J. at 278.

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