Auto Engine Rebuilding 1 (NC II)

“Automobile Differential System”

Written Report

By:
Campo, John Lloyd
De Vera, Ian Dave
Realuyo, Edwin Kyle
Santos, Alexis James
Seguritan Jr., Rodel
Ulvida, Homer

Engr. Joy Job Cabangon

Instructor

September 25, 2019

Date
Automobile Differential System

Contents:
• What is a Differential?
• Parts of a Standard Differential System
• Working of Differentials
• Drawback of Standard Differential
• Limited Slip Differential

Differential
Figure 1
• Differential is an integral part of all four wheelers.
• It is used to allow the wheels to spin at different speed.
• This is necessary when the vehicle turns.

Parts of a Standard Differential System

Figure 2
 • Pinion Gear- transfer power from the drive shaft to the ring gear
• Ring Gear- will transfer power to the differential case assembly.
• Spider Gears – lies at the heart of the differential and special mention
should be made about its rotation.
• Case – hold the gear and drive the axel.
• Side gear – meshed with spider gear, transfer torque from differential
assembly to the drive wheels.

Working of a differential

• Spider gear rotates along with the

ring gear but does not rotate on its
own axis.
• Spider gear will push and make the
side gears turn, and both will turn
at the same speed.

Figure 3
During Straight Motion

Figure 3
During Turning
 • When turning, the inner and outer wheels have arc of different turning
radii.
• Inner wheels travel less distance than
the outer wheel.
• Ring gear rotates on its own axis.
• Spider gear is having a combined
rotation.
Figure 3.1
• When spider gear is spinning as well as During Turning
rotating, peripheral velocity at the left side of
the spider gear is the sum of the spinning and rotational velocity.
• But at the right side, it is the difference of the two, since the spin
velocity is in the opposite direction at this side.

Drawback of a Standard Differential

• Open differential always tries to balance the torque.
• Almost no torque is needed to spin one wheel, and since then open
differential always sends the same amount of torque to both output
shafts.

Limited Slip Differentials

• In the case of a standard differential in off-roading or snow situations
where one wheel begins to slip or lose contract with the ground.
• In this situation, a limited slip differential prevents excessive power
from being allocated to one wheel, and thereby keeping both wheels
in powered rotation.
Quiz. Automobile Differential System
Fill in the blanks. 2 points each.
I.
1. ___________ is an integral part of all four wheelers.
2. Differential is used to allow the ________ to spin at different speed.
3. This is necessary when the vehicle _______.
4. _____________ always tries to balance the torque.
5. ______________________prevents excessive power from being
allocated to one wheel, and thereby keeping both wheels in powered
rotation.

II. Parts of a Standard Differential System. 1 points each.

2
3

5
4

III. Identification. 1 point each.

1. It transfer power from the drive shaft to the ring gear
2. This differential part will transfer power to the differential case
assembly.
3. It lies at the heart of the differential and special mention should be made
about its rotation.
4. It holds the gear and drive the axel.
5. It is meshed with spider gear, transfer torque from differential assembly
to the drive wheels.