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Manual Ewk - D PDF
Manual Ewk - D PDF
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
COOLING TOWERS EWK-D(A) TYPE
1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................... 2
2 OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................... 2
4 SPECIAL EQUIPMENT......................................................................................................................... 5
5 INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................................... 8
8 WATER QUALITY............................................................................................................................... 14
9 TROUBLE SHOOTING....................................................................................................................... 18
11 RESISTANCE ................................................................................................................................... 19
Axima Refrigeration GmbH, Postfach 3550, D-88161 Lindau, Kemptener Strasse 11-15, D-88131 Lindau
Telefon +49 83 82 70 61, Telefax +49 83 82 70 64 10, e-mail: info-refde@axima.eu.com, Internet: http://www.axima.eu.com
Geschäftsführer: Eckart Prandner, Dr.-Ing. Martin Niederkrüger, Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender Karl-Walter Schuster
Sitz der Gesellschaft: Lindau / Bodensee, Register-Gericht: Kempten HRB Nr. 1296
Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
1 Introduction
This operating instruction is published as a guide for installing, operating and maintenance of forced
draught industrial cooling towers. Following these guidelines ensures a optimum performance and
maximum service life of the equipment.
If the instructions laid down in this guide are not observed, the manufacturer cannot be held
responsible in case of damage.
The general conditions of supply of Axima Refrigeration GmbH - which are an integral part of the
order confirmation - are respectively effective.
For technical details please refer to our order confirmation.
Subject to technical modifications.
We draw your attention to the fact that it is quite impossible to treat herein all probabilities. This
means that the user is not exempted of the usual responsibilities connected with the use of
technical machinery. It is, therefore, taken as granted that the operating staff is well instructed and
knows how to handle this installation.
No claims whatsoever could be enforced by the contents of this guide.
If the user has no operational manual of his own, all maintenance and repair work could be recorded
on page 21 of this guide.
2 Operation
Cooling towers of type EWK-D(A) are mechanical draught series type cooling towers working in
counter flow principle.
In this type of cooling tower the water to be cooled is distributed evenly over a packing, which is
ventilated from below with air. Inside this packing heat-and mass transfer takes place. The partial
evaporation of water reduces the heat from the water circuit and transmits it to the air. Compared to
dry coolers, with this type of wet cooling towers a lower water temperature can be achieved even in
case of high air temperatures.
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3 General Description
Fig. 1 Series cooling tower with forced fan arrangement, type EWK -D
Legend:
1 Fan 12 Packing
2 V-Belt Drive 13 Water Distribution Nozzles
3 Fan Motor 14 Water Inlet Connection
4 Motor Basic Plate 15 Drift Eliminator
5 Fan Discharge 16 Casing
6 Access Hatch 17 Silencer for Air Discharge
7 Water Outlet Connection 18 Baffles Air Discharge
8 Electrical Immersion Heater 19 Access Hatch to Belt Drive
9 Overflow and Float Valve 20 Air Inlet Silencing Chamber
10 Draining Plug 21 Baffles Air Inlet
11 Thermostat
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
The cooling tower casing and the water basin are made of strong corrosion-proof fibreglass
reinforced polyester resin. The water basin is an integrated part of the cooling tower casing, on this
reason leakage is prevented
For the examination of the spray nozzles and for maintenance on the adjustable float valve
inspection hatches are provided.
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
4 Special Equipment
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
Example:
On, +29 °C On, +25 °C
Stage Stage
2 1
Off, +26 °C Off, +22 °C
The switching-on temperature in the first stage (in this case +25 °C) has to be set on the
graduation. All other switching points result from the set differences in and between the stages.
If using other thermostat types, the settings and connections have to be carried out according to the
corresponding instructions.
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5 Installation
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
Terminal box
Pressing nut
Sealing compound
Cable loop
Motors have to be protected from overload by thermally delayed overload relays. Adjustment of the
bimetallic relays has to be carried out according to the indications in the corresponding wiring
diagram.
Motors should not switch from high to low speed or vice versa more frequently than 20 circles per
day and maximum 3 to 4 times per hour.
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7 Maintenance Schedule
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Grease outlet
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800… 1000 mm 25 mm
1000 … 1200 30 mm
mm
1200 … 1400 35 mm
mm
New V-belts elongate during run-in phase; after 4 hours operational time their
tension must be checked and when necessary new adjusted.
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
8 Water Quality
The water composition has a special importance for the cooling tower operation. It has an influence
on the heat exchange capacity, the service life and profitability of the cooling tower. It is therefore
recommended to get a water analysis made already in the period of planning or at least before
initial start-up into operation, and if necessary to get the advice of a specialist for water treatment.
Here in this setting we cannot but give you some general information.
where:
mwz make-up water rate
mwv evaporation loss
mws splash- and drift loss
mwa blow-down
mwL losses by plant-conditioned leakages
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Axima Refrigeration GmbH, D-Lindau Operating Manual
8.1.3 Blow-Down
In order to avoid a too high concentration of dissolved solids in the circulating water, a part of the
water circuit has to be drained continuously. The bleed-off water quantity depends on the quality of
the circulating water and of the make-up water. If the carbonate hardness (or chlorides content,
minerals content) is taken as criterion, the bleed-off water quantity can be calculated as follows:
m& WV
m& Wa =
E -1
KHu
where: E = Concentration Factor =
KHz
where: KHu = carbonate hardness of the circulating water
KHz = carbonate hardness of the make-up water
The concentration factor should not be smaller than E= 3...4, as at smaller values the blow-down
rate and consequently the necessary fresh water quantity will increase considerably.
For calculation see also Fig. 7
Example:
mwv = 2 m³/h, E = 3,5 à
mwa = 0,8 m³/h.
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8.3 Cleaning
The table shown below illustrates the main elements of a maintenance schedule for the proper
control of a circulating water system:
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9 Trouble Shooting
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10 Safety Regulations
11 Resistance
The details concerning material resistance only refer to the most important data. If there are special
substances in the water, which can cause destruction, please contact us.
Depending on the application also other suitable materials can be used
Material max.Temp pH-
. value
cooling fill of PVC 60 °C 6,5…8,5
" modified PVC 80 °C 6,5…8,5
" polypropylene 80 °C 6,5…8,5
" polystyrene(unstable against 65 °C 6…10
hydrocarbons)
drift eliminator of PVC 60 °C 6,5…8,5
" modified PVC 80 °C 6,5…8,5
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