AbouttheTutorial

Simple and useful examples. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for anyone who has a basic
knowledge of HTML and CSS and has an urge to develop websites.

ABSTRACTION

In Page Object Model design pattern, we write locators (such as id, name, xpath etc.,) in a Page
Class. We utilize these locators in tests but we can’t see these locators in the tests. Literally we
hide the locators from the tests.Abstraction is the methodology of hiding th implementation of
internal details and showing the functionality to the users.

INTERFACE

Basic statement we all know in Selenium is WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

WebDriver itself is an Interface. So based on the above statement WebDriver driver = new
FirefoxDriver(); we are initializing Firefox browser using Selenium WebDriver. It means we are
creating a reference variable (driver) of the interface (WebDriver) and creating an Object. Here
WebDriver is an Interface as mentioned earlier and FirefoxDriver is a class.

An interface in Java looks similar to a class but both the interface and class are two different
concepts. An interface can have methods and variables just like the class but the methods
declared in interface are by default abstract. We can achieve 100% abstraction and multiple
inheritance in Java with Interface.

INHERITANCE

After completing this tutorial you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in developing web
projects using Twitter Bootstrap. Prerequisites Before you start proceeding with this tutorial, we are
assuming that you are already aware about the basics of HTML and CSS. If you are not well aware of
these concepts, then we will suggest you to go through our short tutorial on HTML Tutorial and CSS
Tutorial. Copyright&Disclaimer  Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and
graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is
prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-
book in any manner without written consent of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible,
however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no
guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our website or its contents including
this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at
contact@tutorialspoint.com i Bootstrap TableofContents About the

Tutorial····································································································································i Audience
··················································································································································i
Prerequisites············································································································································i
Copyright & Disclaimer·····························································································································i
Table of Contents····································································································································ii 1.
BOOTSTRAP ─ OVERVIEW······························································································1 2. BOOTSTRAP ─
ENVIRONMENT SETUP············································································3 Download Bootstrap
·······························································································································3 File
structure···········································································································································3 HTML
Template·······································································································································4 3.
BOOTSTRAP ─ GRID SYSTEM·························································································6 What is a
Grid?········································································································································6 What is
Bootstrap Grid System?··············································································································6 Working
of Bootstrap Grid System ··········································································································6 Media
Queries·········································································································································7 Grid
Options············································································································································8
Responsive Column Resets····················································································································14
Offset Columns······································································································································15
Nesting Columns ···································································································································16
Column Ordering···································································································································17 4.
BOOTSTRAP ─ CSS OVERVIEW ····················································································19 HTML5 doctype
·····································································································································19 Mobile
First···········································································································································19
Responsive Images································································································································20 ii
Bootstrap Typography and
Links····························································································································20
Normalize··············································································································································20
Containers·············································································································································20 5.
BOOTSTRAP ─ TYPOGRAPHY························································································22 Headings
···············································································································································22 Lead Body
Copy·····································································································································23
Emphasis···············································································································································23
Abbreviations········································································································································24
Addresses··············································································································································24
Blockquotes ··········································································································································25
Lists·······················································································································································26 6.
BOOTSTRAP ─ CODE ····································································································29 7. BOOTSTRAP ─
TABLES···································································································30 Basic Table
············································································································································30 Optional Table
Classes ··························································································································31 Contextual
classes·································································································································35 Responsive
tables ·································································································································37 8. BOOTSTRAP
─ FORMS··································································································39 Form
Layout··········································································································································39
Supported Form Controls······················································································································42
Static Control ········································································································································45
Form Control States ······························································································································46
Form Control Sizing ·······························································································································49
Help Text································································