m-10 n1-18 a-10 -0-25

𝐻𝑡 = 2.157 𝑋 𝑀 = 2.157 𝑋 10 𝑚𝑚 = 21.57 𝑚𝑚

𝑑 = 𝐻𝑡 − 𝑎 = 21.57𝑚𝑚 − 10𝑚𝑚 = 11.57𝑚𝑚
𝑎 10𝑚𝑚
𝑘= = =1
𝑀 10𝑚𝑚
𝑁1 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ∅ − 4𝑘 2 (18)2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (25) − 4(1)2
𝑁2 < <
4𝑘 − 2𝑁1 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ∅ 4(1) − 2(18)𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (25)
𝑁2 < 22.17
∗ 𝑁𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑤𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡
𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑒 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑁2 > 𝑁1 . (𝐴𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒 4.9)
𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝑁2 = 20
𝐷1 = 𝑁1 𝑀 = (18)(10𝑚𝑚) = 180 𝑚𝑚
𝐷2 = 𝑁2 𝑀 = (20)(10𝑚𝑚) = 200𝑚𝑚
𝐷1 + 𝐷2 180𝑚𝑚 + 200𝑚𝑚
𝐶1 𝐶2 = = = 190𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝑃𝑐 = 𝜋𝑀 = 𝜋(10𝑚𝑚) = 31.42𝑚𝑚
31𝑚𝑚
𝑇= = 15.5 𝑚𝑚
2
𝑆 = 𝑃𝑐 − 𝑇 = 31.42𝑚𝑚 − 15.5𝑚𝑚 = 15.92𝑚𝑚
𝐵𝐿 = 𝑆 − 𝑇 = 15.92𝑚𝑚 − 15.5 𝑚𝑚 = 0.42𝑚𝑚
𝑐𝑙 = 𝑑 − 𝑎 = 11.57𝑚𝑚 − 10𝑚𝑚 = 1.57𝑚𝑚
𝜔2 𝑁2 20
𝑟𝑉 = = = = 1.11
𝜔1 𝑁1 18
𝑁2 20
𝑟𝐺 = = = 1.11
𝑁1 18

𝑧 = √(𝑅1 + 𝑎1 )2 − (𝑅1 𝑐𝑜𝑠∅)2 + √(𝑅2 + 𝑎2 )2 − (𝑅2 𝑐𝑜𝑠∅)2 − 𝐶1 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛∅

= √(90𝑚𝑚 + 10𝑚𝑚)2 − [(90𝑚𝑚)(𝑐𝑜𝑠25)]2 + √(100𝑚𝑚 + 10𝑚𝑚)2 − [(100𝑚𝑚)(𝑐𝑜𝑠25)]2

− (190𝑚𝑚)(𝑠𝑖𝑛25)
= 39.89𝑚𝑚
𝑃𝐵 = 𝑃𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠∅ = 31.42𝑚𝑚(𝑐𝑜𝑠25) = 28.48
𝑧 39.89
𝑚𝑃 = = = 1.40
𝑃𝐵 28.48
 ∗ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, 𝑚𝑃 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡.
𝑂𝑏𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑙𝑦, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑚𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑒𝑑 1 𝑏𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑚𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑡.
𝐼𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑒, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑠 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 1.2. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑠 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑠
𝑜𝑓 1.3 𝑡𝑜 1.5.