Design of connection is based on American Institute of Steel Construction 14th Edition For equal-leg fillet and have the

the same size, the following equation may be used:

and National Structural Code of the Philippines 2015. 𝐿 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2
Strength of components at connections, including connecting elements such as gusset 𝐿1 𝑦1 = 𝐿2 𝑦2
plates and elements of the members are covered in AISC J4, “Affected Elements of (DIT Gillesania, Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design, p.141)
Members and Connecting Elements.” And Section 510.4.2 of NSCP 2015. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Design of Connection for Top Chord:
“Although a length of weld can be loaded in any direction in shear, compression, or Design Datas:
tension, a fillet weld is weakest in shear and is always assumed to fail in this mode.” (WT
a. Maximum Bar Force = 135.943 kN.
Segui, Steel Design 5th Edition, 2006, p. 443)
b. Steel Member Used = 2L-50x50x5 (ASTM A36 Steel)
Therefore, the allowable strength ФRn welded joints is the lower value of the base material c. Base Metal Used = 10mm. A36 Gusset Plate
strength determined according to the limit states of shear yielding and rupture, and the - Minimum Yield Stress = 248 MPa
weld metal strength determined according to the limit state of rupture. - Minimum Tensile Strength = 400 MPa
d. Type of Weld = Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
1. Weld Metal Shear Strength: e. Type of Electrode Used = E70XX electrodes
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.707𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝐹𝑛𝑤 ) - Minimum Yield Stress = 415 MPa
𝐴𝑣𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ, 𝐹𝑛𝑤 = 0.60𝐹𝐸𝑋𝑋 (𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐶 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐽2.5) - Minimum Tensile Strength = 485 MPa
f. Thickness of the weld = 3.00 mm.
2. Base Metal Shear Strength:
a. For shear yielding of the element:  Weld Metal Shear Strength
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 1.00(0.6𝐹𝑦 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
b. For shear rupture of the element: Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.707𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝐹𝑛𝑤 )
67.971 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75[0.707(3)(𝐿)(0.6 × 485)]
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.6𝐹𝑢 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 146.835 𝑚𝑚.
In some cases, members subjected to direct axial stresses are themselves unsymmetrical  Base Metal Shear Strength
and cause eccentricities in welded connections as seen in the figure: a. Based on shear yielding:

To avoid eccentricity, following equation Ф𝑅𝑛 = 1.00(0.6𝐹𝑦 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)

must be satisfied: 67.971 𝑘𝑁. = 1.00(0.6 × 248 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 152.265 𝑚𝑚.
𝛴𝐹𝑥 = 0 b. Based on shear rupture:
𝑃 = 𝑃1 + 𝑃2 → 𝐸𝑞. 1 Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.6𝐹𝑢 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
𝛴𝑀𝑐𝑔 = 0 67.971 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75(0.6 × 400 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝑃1 𝑦1 = 𝑃2 𝑦2 → 𝐸𝑞. 2 𝐿 = 125.872 𝑚𝑚.

Therefore, minimum length of the weld shall be 152.265 mm.

― Analysis and Design of Roof Truss

For Balanced Condition,  Base Metal Shear Strength
a. Based on shear yielding:
152.265 𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2
𝐿1 (14.04 𝑚𝑚) = 𝐿2 (50 𝑚𝑚 − 14.04 𝑚𝑚) Ф𝑅𝑛 = 1.00(0.6𝐹𝑦 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
69.065 𝑘𝑁. = 1.00(0.6 × 248 × 3 × 𝐿)
Solving simultaneously, L1 and L2 yields, 𝐿 = 154.716 𝑚𝑚.
b. Based on shear rupture:
𝐿1 = 109.508 ≈ 110.00 𝑚𝑚.
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.6𝐹𝑢 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
𝐿2 = 42.756 ≈ 45.00 𝑚𝑚.
69.065 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75(0.6 × 400 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 127.898 𝑚𝑚.
Therefore, use 10mm. thick gusset plate as connecting element of the truss members with
3.00mm. weld thickness for the equal-leg fillet weld. Total length of the weld shall be Therefore, minimum length of the weld shall be 154.716 mm.
155.00mm. (110mm. at the top of the centroid and 45.00mm. for the other side).

For Balanced Condition,

2. Design of Connection for Bottom Chord:
Design Datas:
a. Maximum Bar Force
b. Steel Member Used
c. Base Metal Used
- Minimum Yield Stress
- Minimum Tensile Strength =
d. Type of Weld
e. Type of Electrode Used
- Minimum Yield Stress
- Minimum Tensile Strength =
f. Thickness of the weld
154.716 𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2
= 138.131 kN. 𝐿1 (15.24 𝑚𝑚) = 𝐿2 (50 𝑚𝑚 − 15.24 𝑚𝑚)
= 2L-50x50x8 (ASTM A36 Steel)
= 10mm. A36 Gusset Plate Solving simultaneously, L1 and L2 yields,
= 248 MPa
𝐿1 = 107.559 ≈ 110.00 𝑚𝑚.
400 MPa 𝐿2 = 47.157 ≈ 50.00 𝑚𝑚.
= Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
= E70XX electrodes Therefore, use 10mm. thick gusset plate as connecting element of the truss members with
= 415 MPa 3.00mm. weld thickness for the equal-leg fillet weld. Total length of the weld shall be
485 MPa 160.00mm. (110mm. at the top of the centroid and 50.00mm. for the other side).
= 3.00 mm.

 Weld Metal Shear Strength

Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.707𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝐹𝑛𝑤 )

69.065 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75[0.707(3)(𝐿)(0.6 × 485)]
𝐿 = 149.198 𝑚𝑚.

― Analysis and Design of Roof Truss

3. Design of Connection for Vertical Member: Solving simultaneously, L1 and L2 yields,
Design Datas:
𝐿1 = 98.538 ≈ 100.00 𝑚𝑚.
a. Maximum Bar Force = 123.041 kN.
𝐿2 = 39.276 ≈ 40.00 𝑚𝑚.
b. Steel Member Used = 2L-50x50x6 (ASTM A36 Steel)
c. Base Metal Used = 10mm. A36 Gusset Plate
Therefore, use 10mm. thick gusset plate as connecting element of the truss members with
- Minimum Yield Stress = 248 MPa
3.00mm. weld thickness for the equal-leg fillet weld. Total length of the weld shall be
- Minimum Tensile Strength = 400 MPa
140.00mm. (100mm. at the top of the centroid and 40.00mm. for the other side).
d. Type of Weld = Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
e. Type of Electrode Used = E70XX electrodes 4. Design of Connection for Diagonal Member:
- Minimum Yield Stress = 415 MPa Design Datas:
- Minimum Tensile Strength = 485 MPa a. Maximum Bar Force = 219.582 kN.
f. Thickness of the weld = 3.00 mm. b. Steel Member Used = 2L-50x50x6 (ASTM A36 Steel)
c. Base Metal Used = 10mm. A36 Gusset Plate
 Weld Metal Shear Strength - Minimum Yield Stress = 248 MPa
- Minimum Tensile Strength = 400 MPa
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.707𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝐹𝑛𝑤 )
d. Type of Weld = Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
61.521 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75[0.707(3)(𝐿)(0.6 × 485)]
e. Type of Electrode Used = E70XX electrodes
𝐿 = 132.901 𝑚𝑚.
- Minimum Yield Stress = 415 MPa
- Minimum Tensile Strength = 485 MPa
 Base Metal Shear Strength
f. Thickness of the weld = 3.00 mm.
a. Based on shear yielding:

Ф𝑅𝑛 = 1.00(0.6𝐹𝑦 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)  Weld Metal Shear Strength

61.521 𝑘𝑁. = 1.00(0.6 × 248 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 137.816 𝑚𝑚. Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.707𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝐹𝑛𝑤 )
b. Based on shear rupture: 109.791 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75[0.707(3)(𝐿)(0.6 × 485)]
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.6𝐹𝑢 × 𝑡 × 𝐿) 𝐿 = 237.177 𝑚𝑚.
61.521 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75(0.6 × 400 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 113.928 𝑚𝑚.  Base Metal Shear Strength
a. Based on shear yielding:
Therefore, minimum length of the weld shall be 137.816 mm. Ф𝑅𝑛 = 1.00(0.6𝐹𝑦 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
For Balanced Condition, 109.791 𝑘𝑁. = 1.00(0.6 × 248 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 245.948 𝑚𝑚.
137.816 𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2
𝐿1 (14.25 𝑚𝑚) = 𝐿2 (50 𝑚𝑚 − 14.25 𝑚𝑚)

― Analysis and Design of Roof Truss

 b. Based on shear rupture:
Ф𝑅𝑛 = 0.75(0.6𝐹𝑢 × 𝑡 × 𝐿)
109.791 𝑘𝑁. = 0.75(0.6 × 400 × 3 × 𝐿)
𝐿 = 203.317 𝑚𝑚.

Therefore, minimum length of the weld shall be 245.948 mm.

For Balanced Condition,

245.948 𝑚𝑚 = 𝐿1 + 𝐿2
𝐿1 (14.25 𝑚𝑚) = 𝐿2 (50 𝑚𝑚 − 14.25 𝑚𝑚)

Solving simultaneously, L1 and L2 yields,

𝐿1 = 175.853 ≈ 180.00 𝑚𝑚.

𝐿2 = 70.095 ≈ 75.00 𝑚𝑚.

Therefore, use 10mm. thick gusset plate as connecting element of the truss members with
3.00mm. weld thickness for the equal-leg fillet weld. Total length of the weld shall be
255.00mm. (180mm. at the top of the centroid and 75.00mm. for the other side).

― Analysis and Design of Roof Truss