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Roland Berger Tab Lean Telco 20140731 PDF
Roland Berger Tab Lean Telco 20140731 PDF
# DIGI TAL
IMPACT
MARKETING,
SALES & SERVICE
NETWORK & IT
SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
LEAN TELCO
Redefining the telecom business –
from cost-cutting to smart efficiency
JUNE 2014
THINK ACT
LEAN TELCO
THE BIG 3
1
tran·si·tion
The telco business in Europe has seen many cost-cutting rounds without
fundamentally rethinking business models and organizational principles.
To become fit for the future, telcos should combine growth and efficiency
strategically in a "new lean" blueprint.
p. 3
2
in·no·va·tion
Lean means powerful, flexible and adjustable to current and future market
needs. It's not just cutting costs but delayering operations and pushing
innovation.
p. 6
3
de·lay·er·ing
Defining three key layers with a clear focus on strategy and steering.
Every single function has to be identified as core or non-core for the
company. Core functions remain the key priority while non-core functions
can be outsourced or carried out in partnerships.
p. 11
The
lean telco
matrix
p. 7
Telecom players in Europe are facing an unprecedented are intervening with an alternative approach now:
challenge. The need for transformation and change is not Together with our clients and industry experts, we
news in an industry that has been driven by accelerating recognize that times require more drastic action.
innovation for decades but has suffered enormous pres- Something beyond merely cutting costs.
sure and stagnation in the last few years. A As we developed this "smart efficiency" approach, 1
But the up-coming transition can't be solved like we focused on two key questions:
the last ones. It's not just about cost-cutting anymore, > What BUSINESS MODEL allows for value creation in
since that potential has often been exhausted. It's a scenario of profitability pressure and a continuously
about a new mindset and strategically combining changing environment?
growth and efficiency. > Which ORG ANIZ ATION AL PRINCIPLES can
We at Roland Berger are known as experts for support an efficient, customer-oriented and flexible
restructuring and successfully leveraging previously organization that is capable of handling increasing
unexploited savings potential. This is precisely why we complexity?
-2%
467
+7% 450 448 442
432 428
421
413 409
404 406 403 398
368
338
310
287
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014e 2015e 2016e
The result is the lean telco blueprint, conceptualized by Comparisons with other industries show that this is a
Roland Berger experts and assessed in close collabora- common development. The automotive industry's
tion with international CXOs and strategy departments. answer to stagnating growth was to shift value creation
Implementing this approach requires courage and risk to its suppliers, for example. Today, major technical in-
tolerance. It will force some telecom players to turn every- novations in cars, such as next-generation assistance
thing upside-down and require rethinking deeply en- or safety systems, are developed by suppliers, while
trenched old habits, processes and structures. It will be large automotive manufacturers focus on car design
tough, but – for many players, at least – the only way to and technology integration. This concentration on core
become fit for the future. competencies enables them to reduce the complexity
of their own organization.
Fundamental shift of value creation
toward vendors and partners
To understand the current market needs even better,
we interviewed CXOs from fixed line operators, mobile
and integrated players in Western and Eastern Europe.
The results were incorporated into a modularized blue-
print to support telecoms' long-term transformation
process. It provides guidance to a vision that optimizes
operations, reevaluates delivery models and improves
efficiency.
More than 90% of the interviewees think that such
a modularization might be a promising way to tackle
upcoming operational issues. Our interviews clearly "I believe that
revealed that the times of pure cost-cutting are over
and priorities are shifting more and more toward smart efficiency will gain
efficiency. 65% of the managers interviewed agree
that both growth and efficiency are relevant, and 30% relevance and
even believe that efficiency is the only priority.
Many operators have started implementing and become the main
testing new models already, especially for ongoing
and CAPEX-intensive LTE rollouts and foreseeable objective along
5G investments. Examples of joint operations
(Everything Everywhere in the UK or T-Mobile/ with growth, if not
Orange in Poland) as well as outsourcing approach-
es (e.g. Hutchison 3G Austria with its network part- replace growth,
ner Huawei) illustrate this development. These
examples correspond with another result of our sur- in the medium
vey: that more than 50% of the respondents see a
strong need for partnering. "The core elements of
our future operations are to increase efficiency and
to long term."
to foster partnering as well as outsourcing," one EXECUTIVE OF A EUROPEAN TELECOM
manager stated. ATTACKER
2
The new paradigm. Lean means power-
ful, flexible and adjustable to current
and future market needs. It's not just
cutting costs but delayering operations
and pushing innovation.
Before telecom players define their future operating Each element of the matrix determines what strategies
model, it is absolutely crucial for them to clarify their or approaches to smart reorganization are appropriate.
strategy first. Which functions will be categorized as Functions that have to be owned but do not need to be
"core"? Which will be "non-core" and thus up to negoti- available on a local level will become part of the head-
ation? Every business segment should be tested regard- quarters, for instance. The guiding principle is how to
ing market position as well as current and future finan- invest available resources in the most efficient way.
cial contribution. The same holds true for product lines. Financial resources of course need to be considered,
When growth was driven by new services and products, but IT capacity, workload and management attention
managing the increasing complexity was given lower pri- have to be kept in mind as well to achieve the best
ority. As a result, telecoms started to run several ser- possible return on investment and to remain flexible.
vices, often with additional systems not fully integrated Here's an example: An operator cuts off its very
into the IT landscape, leading to a tangled mess. specialized B2B large accounts business and focuses
Our survey revealed three key questions for clarify- on standardized products instead. It no longer needs
ing the strategy and – in the second step – reducing to consider the complexity of individual projects. Thus,
complexity in products and services: it can significantly reduce the number of client-tailored
> Which markets do we want to be active on? solutions and shift resources to apply comparable pro-
> Which services/products do we want to offer? cesses in its residential and small to medium-sized
> How do we get from here to there? enterprise (SME) business.
The general guideline should be: Eliminate as many This assessment involves three general steps. The
services and offers as reasonably possible and reduce company has to provide transparency coping with the
process complexity from a value perspective. Scrutinize difficulty of allocating costs to their originator. While
every function in your company: "We have analyzed ev- analyzing the possibility to discontinue certain seg-
ery single function from two points of view: Do we need ments in the second step, the contribution margin of
it on a local or on a global level?" a manager at a UK each segment to cover fixed (network) cost must be
telecom player told us. "And do we have to control it considered. And once it has been decided which seg-
completely or could it be managed by an external part- ments to split, management has to find the easiest way
ner?" Proximity and ownership – those are the two to do so. This is often determined by the technologies
parameters that have to be analyzed on the way to be- applied. For example, it is much easier to break up an
coming lean. They are easy to visualize in a matrix. B operator into fixed and mobile than to separate SME
from small office/home office (SoHo) business, be- efficiency can't be a story in itself. Second, the transfor-
cause the latter use the same network infrastructure. mation toward lean requires various structural changes
Becoming "lean" is about more than just downsiz- with considerable impact on the employees, as signifi-
ing an operator. Our lean telco approach aims at cant portions of the workforce could be transferred to
strengthening its core. The overarching principle is to partner companies or joint ventures. This might lead to
minimize complexity on a strategic level. That's what relocations for employees and a modified financial
we call "lean". Lean does not mean small. Lean means structure, for instance. Therefore, growth elements
powerful, flexible and adjustable to current and future should be interwoven with messages purely focused on
market needs. With this clarified strategy of smart re- higher efficiency and better operating models.
organization, the operator can focus on growth again. Once the redefined strategy and its growth story
This growth is not achieved with endless product varia- are in place, the blueprint has to be tailored to the
tions realized through complex IT solutions, but rather telco's specific situation.
with a flexible core that allows the integration of addi- Our interviews revealed four essential components
tional modules via clear interfaces. for doing so:
This opportunity to refocus on growth is particularly 1. Defining core and non-core functions
important in an industry accustomed to growth. First, 2. Partnering for non-core activities
the capital markets want a story with elements of growth 3. Delayering the operator
as a major value driver. An ongoing, multi-year focus on 4. Pushing innovation
B
THE LEAN TELCO MATRIX
Functional decision criteria
High
PROXIMIT Y
Low
itself increased today's headcount will form part of the future core.
Depending on the legal structure of the non-core
network equipment vendor by transferring responsibili- To foster innovation, the incentive system should incor-
ty for network operations to the vendor, for instance. porate it as a central element. Industries such as the
The latter can create synergies by integrating the unit semiconductor business, with its consistently defined
into its global operations center. research career paths and awards for inventions and
Other partnership models include working with technological breakthroughs, can be role models in
competitors and specialized service providers. If this regard. The incentive system might include idea
carve-out models are relevant and the carved-out contests for all employees, innovation training and
units have a reasonable size, financial investors can be workshops and publicly announced rewards for the
partners, too. Even IPOs for carved-out units can be best inventions.
considered with a high number of shareholders as
financial partners.
4. Pushing innovation
For both core and non-core activities, it will be
increasingly important to focus on innovation. In the
past, operators innovated mainly on the product
level, either through large-scale introductions of
completely new service lines such as DSL and mobile
broadband or, more often, by offering new tariffs. In
the future, process innovation will be the major driver
to generate an advantage in customer perception,
automate processes and provide services cost-effi-
ciently. A look at other industries can help provide
know-how in production systems (e.g. aviation) or
automation (automotive industry).
Shop partnerships
STRONG BRAND
1
MARKETING, Marketing
Call center partnerships
SALES & Sales & channel steering
Field service joint ventures
SERVICE Customer service E-sales joint ventures
Wholesale centers
Network partnerships
> e.g. 2G/3G/LTE sharing,
FTTx
INTEGRATED NETWORK
2
Fixed network planning Billing partnerships
NETWORK & management
> e.g. with another telco
& IT Mobile network planning Outsourcing
> Fixed network
Lean IT architecture construction
> Unbundled local loop
platform
> I T
Shared services
STREAMLINED HQ > Accounting
> Payroll
3 SUPPORT
FUNCTIONS
Strategy
Procurement
Finance & Controlling
> Procurement joint
ventures: network,
devices, IT, content
Outsourcing
Talent Management > Facility Management
> Fleet Services
10 ROLAND
ROLAND
BERGER
BERGER
STRATEGY
STRATEGY
CONSULTANTS
CONSULTANTS
THINK ACT
LEAN TELCO
3
The lean telco blueprint. Defining three
key layers with a clear focus on strategy
and steering.
Based on the four components, we envisioned the financially. This can range from passive or active
blueprint of a future lean telco player as shown in the sharing approaches in the mobile network to local
illustration. C loop unbundling platform partnering models with
A lean telco core, therefore, consists of three key competitors. Regarding mass processes in network
layers: maintenance, an outsourcing model can be consid-
> Marketing, Sales & Service ered. More sophisticated partnering models bundle
> Network & IT the maintenance operations teams of various players
> Support Functions in one market, providing the service for all partners in
For Marketing, Sales & Service, the focus lies on the a joint venture.
future brand, which today is usually the responsibility of The core IT team focuses on defining the IT land-
the marketing department. The unit defines the overall scape architecture and selecting appropriate provid-
brand, channel and service strategy as well as product ers. In keeping with the delayering aspect, the land-
and service development. It selects and steers retail scape is modularized with clear interfaces so that IT
partners and negotiates contracts (especially legal partners can be changed for selected systems. The
terms and conditions) as well as service level agree- architecture must also define interfaces for major sys-
ments. Performance of mass processes is tracked and tems such as CRM, billing and network management,
new models are continuously tested with partners. so that any one of these can be changed or updated
If performance is poor, then processes or partners are without affecting the others.
changed. For example, cooperating with several shop- The role of the Support Functions unit is also in
cultur partners makes it possible to test slightly different line with a focus on strategy and steering. Therefore,
shop designs and agents as well as performance and key tasks will be the definition of the overall operator
incentive systems. Additionally, the unit provides the strategy, Talent Management, Strategic Procurement
partner with advertising material, handsets and training. and Finance & Controlling. Additionally, legally re-
The key responsibilities of Network & IT are quired tasks have to remain in this core, especially
planning the fixed line and mobile network, selecting teams for regulatory as well as compliance and audit
vendors, steering partnerships and designing the IT management. Again, mass processes for Payroll,
architecture. Regional rollout planning, especially for Accounting and Facility Management will be steered
fiber and LTE, is performed in alignment with marketing and controlled here.
and sales requirements. Vendor and technology part-
ners are managed based on the service level agree- Lean means leveraging synergies
ments and agreed KPIs.
New partnership models for the mobile and fixed Once an operator has defined its lean core, mass
segments are assessed organizationally as well as processes will become non-core. These are not
processes. That the result will not only be lower costs sphere should be instilled as the transformation is
but a more transparent, more flexible and more inno- complex and depends on external partners. Addition-
vative company. ally, innovations normally have a certain failure rate.
To account for that fact, an ongoing communication
How to set up a step-by-step and compliance with these guidelines is key during the
master plan implementation. Trial and error and the acceptance of
failure are crucial if companies want to foster a culture
Transformation will take several years. Therefore, the of innovation and dare to promote bold managers.
process should be started sooner rather than later. On
the one hand, communication technologies, customer
demands and competition are developing faster than
ever. On the other hand, it's a question of cashflow:
If revenues begin to erode faster than costs can be
reduced, it may already be too late. Every change costs
money. So it's much easier to become lean as long as
there is sufficient financial leeway.
Based on a clarified strategy with a leaner product
and service portfolio, a step-by-step master plan with
emphasis on the various partnering approaches needs
to be devised. The blueprint, or its elements identified
as key for an operator, can be implemented in a mod-
ular approach, understanding that there is no golden
rule for which functions to begin with. This depends on
the status of the preparation, the available partners "The process to a
and an assessment of management regarding the
highest need for action. However, each year clear lean telco provider
transformation targets should be defined and a review,
including an update of the strategy with regard to will be a very slow
changes in the market environment, needs to be con-
ducted. At the same time, as argued above, a growth one. Many still
focus has to be included.
The key is to generate commitment for the master think in their old
plan within top management, including the supervisory
board. This is a challenge for international players in structures and
particular, as one interviewee reported, because "we
need a global as well as a local alignment". A second lean thinking is
source spoke about the problem of internal turf bat-
tles: "We have to fight hard to overcome regional king- not anchored in
doms." We see two kinds of potential risks that have to
be assessed: organizational ones (if employees rebel
against the new approach, for instance) and operation-
their minds."
al ones (securing delivery). Hence, mitigation strate- STRATEGIST OF A EUROPEAN TELECOM
gies should be in place and a failure-tolerant atmo- ATTACKER
ABOUT US
Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
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in all major international markets. Roland Berger advises major international industry and service companies
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"It's character that creates impact!" www.rolandberger.com
WWW.THINK- ACT.COM
TIM BOTTKE
Partner
+49 89 9230-8790
tim.bottke@rolandberger.com
MICHAEL TRENKWALDER
Project Manager
Special thanks go to Dr. Marcus Steiner and +49 89 9230-8250
Philipp Schaefer for their valuable contributions. michael.trenkwalder@rolandberger.com
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provided in this publication without receiving specific professional advice. Roland Berger Strategy Consultants GmbH
shall not be liable for any damages resulting from any use of the information contained in the publication.
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