The Minas field is located 35 km north of Pekanbaru, the capital of Riau province, Sumatra,

Indonesia. The field was discovered in late 1944, and its discovery was a result of subsurface mapping
prepared from data obtained by auger and counterflush drilling, and reflection seismic . The field is a
broad low-amplitude anticline, with a productive area of 57,100 acres and 425 ft of oil column. The
structure is extensively faulted(sinistral), and some faults are effective barriers to fluid movement.

Minas North West Segment (NWS), such as Minas field, has been known as a complex fluvial deltaic
system which has had sand and shale heterogeneity both in lateral and vertical distribution. As a mature
field, Minas NWS need more effort in order to optimize and to preserve current oil production. The
geological model need to be updated for better reservoir optimization process, unfortunately
interpretation from the normal amplitude seismic section failed to delineate more detail reservoir
distribution and made difficulty in well logs correlation because of reservoir complexity. Multiattribute
seismic analysis has been selected as a method to help made better interpretation and delineated
reservoir distribution and well logs correlation. Multiattribute seismic analysis predicts reservoir
properties or log properties from several seismic attributes. The prediction was done by finding a
relationship between well log data and seismic attributes at well location. Once the best correlation was
found, it can be applied to 3D seismic section and generated 3D pseudo log properties. In Minas NWS,
we divided analysis into two (2) intervals because of difference reservoir’s characteristic. We succeed to
generate several pseudo reservoir/log properties from Multiattribute seismic analysis, e.g.: gamma ray
cube, density cube, p-wave cube. The analysis results have been checked by doing cross validation and
blind validation which showed us that the results can be accepted, we have had good match between
predicted/pseudo log and actual log with average correlation coefficient value more than 70 percent
(0.7). Finally, using pseudo log cubes or its combination, reservoir distribution can be interpreted better
and more detail than if we only used conventional seismic section that have been done before. The
pseudo log properties give us more detail information about reservoir characteristic itself, not only
contrast impedance or layer boundary (reflection coefficient).

Petroleum geophysical exploration started around 1930, when the first torsion balance gravity surveys
and seismic refraction surveys were undertaken in Central and South Sumatra, these surveys roughly
delineated basin basement topography. The first magnetic surveys were conducted shortly thereafter.
Also, at this time the first electrical logging of wells in Indonesia were conducted. Seismic reflection
surveys were introduced in 1936.

Torsion balance, device used to measure the gravitational acceleration at the Earth’s surface. Other such
devices, using different methods to obtain the same result, are pendulums and gravimeters. The torsion
balance consists essentially of two small masses at different elevations that are supported at opposite
ends of a beam. The latter is suspended from a wire that undergoes torsion because the masses are
affected differently by the force of gravity. When the wire is twisted, an optical system indicates the
angular deflection (θ), and the torque (T), or twisting force, involved can be calculated from the simple
expression T = kθ, in which k is a constant that depends on the properties of the instrument. The
amount of torque, in turn, is correlated with the gravitational force at the point of observation. The
torsion balance was devised by Lóránt von Eötvös, a Hungarian physicist, in 1902; many scientists have
contributed modifications to the basic instrument.
The term torsion balance also refers to a device used in weighing, an equal arm balance that uses
horizontal steel bands instead of pivots and bearings.

PEMBORAN TANGANpenjpenjelasan untuk istilah istilah yang ada diatas

Metoda ini dipakai untuk eksplorasi dangkal seperti placer deposit dan residual deposit. Metoda ini
digunakan pada umumnya pada tahapan eksplorasi rinci, namun adakalanya secara acak dan
setempat dilakukan pada tahap eksplorasi tinjau, terutama pada subtahap prospeksi umum.
Ada 2 jenis alat ini, yaitu Bor tangan spiral (Auger drilling) dan Bor bangka (BBB).

Pemboran Spiral/Bor Spiral Auger Drilling

Seperti penarik tutup notol, diputar dengan tangan. Contoh melekat pada spiral, dicabut pada
interval tertentu (tiap 30 – 50 cm).
Hanya sampai kedalaman beberapa meter saja, baik untuk residual deposit (bauxite, lateritic nickel)
dan sebagainya.

Pemboran Bangka/Bor Bangka (BBB)

Suatu alat bor tangan dikembangkan di Indonesia. Suatu alat selubung (casing) diberi platform, di
atas mana beberapa orang bekerja. Pada prinsipnya sama dengan bor spiral dan tumbuk. Batang bor
terdiri dari pipa masif yang disambung-sambung, dengan berbagai bit :

Data yang didapat berupa:

Rekaman data masa lalu/geologi berupa lapukan batuan serta batas” litologi

prinsip operasi mesin pemboran putar(counterflush)

Pada prinsipnya pemboran mesin putar mempunyai prinsip yang sama, yaitu :
1. Lubang dalam formasi dibuat oleh gerakan putar dari pahat untuk mengeruk batuan dan
menembus dengan suatu rangkaian batang bor yang berlobang (pipa).
2. Rangkaian pipa bor disambungkan pada mesin sumber penggerak dengan berbagai macam alat
transmisi, seperti kelly dan rotary table, chuck ataupun langsung.
3. Sumber penggerak (mesin bensin, diesel dan sebagainya) atau dengan perantaraan
kompresor/motor listrik.
4. Pelumas/pendingin (air, lumpur, udara). Cairan pelumas dipompakan lewat pipa, keluar lewat
pahar bor kembali lewat lobang bor di luar pipa (casing) atau sebaliknya.
5. Pompa sebagai penggerak/penekan cairan pelumas.
6. Pipa/batang di atas tanah ditahan/diatur dengan menggantungkannya pada suatu
menara/derrick dengan sistem katrol atau dipandu lewat suatu rak (rack) untuk keperluan
menyambungnya atau mencabut serta melepaskannya dari rangkaian.
7. Untuk memperdalam lubang bor rangkaian pipa bor ditekan secara hidrolik atau mekanik
maupun karena bebannya sendiri.

Data yang didapat berupa: drilling core dan serbuk batu(drilling cuttings)

Kenapa memakai reflection seismic ketimbang refraksi?

1. Karena jangkauan regional yang luas imana refleksi lebih bagus ketimbang refraksi kemudia
offset refleksi lebih dekat sehingga keakuratan data
2. Refleksi akan terus bekerja dalam perubahan kecepatan thdp kedalaman ,refraksi bekerja jika
kecepetan mening9kat terhadap kedalaman

Sinistral dan dextral

Pergerakan tergolong sinistral (tangan kiri) jika blok di sisi lain dari sesar bergerak ke kiri, atau jika
blok yang mengangkangi sesar sisi kiri bergerak ke arah pengamat. Gerakan terholonhkan dekstral
(tangan kanan) jika blok di sisi lain dari sesar bergerak ke kanan, atau jika blok yang mengangkangi
kesalahan sisi kanan bergerak menuju pengamat

Atribut seismic

Rms amplitude= rumus 1/jumlah data dikali amplitude kuadrat terus diakar. Rms sensitive terhadap
perubahan nilai amplitude dimana bisa menendakan perubahan litologi yang signifikan

Envelope = akar dari jejak asli kuadrat dengan jejak imajiner kuadrat yang berhubungan dengan
kontras impedansi,anomaly,perubahan litologi

Frekuensi sesaat=memberi informasi mengenai gelombang seismic seperti absorsi ,atenuasi

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