n#m_… n[aÀN>oX…

J^©Ý`mg…
AW J^©Ý`mg{d{Y… CÀ`Vo-
nyd©dV² g_Ü`do{XH§$ H$ën{`ËdmŸ& _Ü`do{XH$m§ Jmo_`oZ Cn{bß`Ÿ&
Vñ`m§ ^maMVwï>`n[a{_V`m d«røm VXwn[a VXY}Z VÊSw>boZ VXwn[a
VXY}Z{VboZ M AÝVamÝVa`moJoZ dómÀN>mXZ g{hV§ ñWpÊS>b§Ÿ
H¥$ËdmŸ&_Ü`o dóaËZbmoh Hy$M© {nßnbXb{nYmZ§ _hmHw$å^§ n[aV…
Vm_«OmZ² Aï>m¡ Hw$å^mZ² M g§ñWmß`Ÿ&JÝYmoXH¡$… Amny`©Ÿ& _Ü`Hw$å^o
e’ MH«$ JXmIS²>J em“© _wgbm{Z gm¡dUm©{Z {ZXm`Ÿ&Vpñ_Z²""Am| õt
dgwYm`¡Z_…''AmJÀN>AmJÀN>B{V dgwYm§AmdmøŸ&JÝYm{X{^…Aä`À`©Ÿ&
Hw$å^ofwAï>mgw M BÝÐmXrZ²AmdmøŸ&Aä`À`©Ÿ&nd©V õX nwÊ`VrW©
dë_rH$ H$H©$Q>me`Z ZXr d¥f d¥fmUmJ« XÝVrXÝV n`mo{Z{Y hb
g§pñWVm… _¥{ÎmH$m… Xe M Hw$_wXma{dÝX H$eoê$Ënb ZrbmoËnbmZm§ n#m
H$ÝXmZ² _Zpíebm h[aVmbmÄOZ í`m_ grggm¡amï´> amoMZ J¡[aH$
nmaXmZ²gáYmVyZ²,dO« d¡Xy`© _m¡{º$H$ ñ\${Q>H$ nwî`amJ MÝÐH$mÝV
_hmZrb nÙamJ e’m{^YmZm{Z ZdaËZm{Z,em{b Zrdma H$‘x> {à`“x
{Vb _mf _wÒ `d d¡Udm{Z Zd ~rOm{Z {haÊ` aOV Vm_«m`g Ìnw
grg gm¡dU© Hy$_© e’ MH«$m{U Zd¡Vm{Z M g§J¥†r`mV²Ÿ&gm¡dUª amOV§
Vm_«_m`g§ dm J^©nm̧ Abm^o XméO§ dm fmoS>em“xbm`V§ ÛmXemï>
MVwa“xbmÝ`V_ {dñVma§VXYm}ÀN´>m`§ nXMVwï>`oZ CnoV§ VpËÌV`oZ dm
gm{nYmZ§ d¥Îm§ MVwaYª dm VÝ_Ü` JVm©Zm§ fmoS>e{^…Zd{^dm©
H$ma{`ËdmŸ&nwÊ`mh§ dmM{`ËdmŸ&àmoú`Ÿ&n#mJì`oZ àjmë`Ÿ&do{XH$m
g§pñWV ZdHw$å^ Ob¡… doXm{XZm A{^{fÀ`Ÿ& Vñ`m_od do{XH$m`m§
nyd©dV² ñWpÊS>b§ H$ën{`ËdmŸ&gX^©dóoU VØmOZ§ AmdoîQ>ç do{XH$m
_Ü`o {ZXÜ`mV²Ÿ&fmoS>egw VÒV}fw gwdUm©Xr{Z g_wÐ_¥XÝVm{Z
Ðì`m{U,VX^mdo Ho$db§ gwdUª dm {dÝ`goV²Ÿ&ZdJV© {dYmZo Vw
ZdgwJV}fw M g_w{ÐH$ _¥X§ nydª AmnmË`Ÿ&àmMrZ JV}
nd©V_¥XwËnbH$ÝX _Zpíebm dO «em{b {haÊ`m{Z, X{jUo VrW©_¥X
H$ÝX h[aVmb d¡Xy`© Zrdma amOVm{Z,npíM_o ZXr_¥Ë_aVH$
ZrbmoËnbH$ÝXmÄOZH$‘x> Vm_«m{U,CÎmao õX_¥ËH$eoé H$ÝXnwî`amJ
 13

{à`“x-A`m§{g,Am¾o`oHw$brame` _¥Ëgrg ñ\${Q>H$_mfÌny{U,Z¡G$Vo

dë_rH$_¥Ëgm¡amï´> _m¡{º$H$ {VbH$m§ñ`m{Z, _méVo hb_¥{ÎmH$m
amoMZmMÝÐH$mÝV _wÒ gm¡dU© Hy$_©à{VH¥$Vr…, EoemZo XpÝVXÝV_¥{ÎmH$m
_hmZrbJ¡[aH$ doUwYmÝ` gm¡dU© e’mZ²,~«÷nXo d¥f{dfmUmJ« _¥{ÎmH$m
nÙH$ÝX nÙamJ nmaX`d gm¡dU© MH«$m{U M _yb_ÝÌoU
{dÝ`ñ`Ÿ&VËnÙ§ {dîUwJm`Í`m Aä`À`©Ÿ&Hw$ÊS>oñWpÊS>bo dm Aq¾
{d{YdV² Cng{_Ü`Ÿ&g{_{Ø… g{n©fm M {dîUwfS>jaoU
Aï>moÎmaeVmhþVr… hþËdmŸ&nmÌmÝVao g§nmVmÁ`§ g§J¥øŸ&MéUm Z¥gyºo$Z
fmoS>emhþVr…hþËdmŸ&AZÝVa§{VbmÁ`{_lMéUm."BÝÐm{XbmoH$nmboä`…,
^wdZoä`…,nd©Voä`…,g_wÐoä`…,Am{XË`oä`…,dgwä`…,_éX²>ä`…F${fä`…,
doXoä`…,gd©emóoä`….nwamUoä`…,nmVmboä`…,{X½ä`…,ZmJoä`…,JUoä`…,
gd©^yVoä`…,ZaoÝÐoä`…,ZjÌoä`…,gd}ä`…J«hoä`…B{VàUdm{X ñdmhmÝV§
hþËdmŸ&nyd©J¥hrV g§nmVmÁ`oZ J^©^mOZ§""Am| Yt Z_… nam`
bmo{hVdUm©` ñne©VÝ_mÌmË_Zo''B{V g§{gÀ`Ÿ&nyUm©hþqV hþËdmŸ&aOÝ`m§
gw_whÿV} gdoX dmÚKmof§ VØmOZ_mXm`Ÿ&XodmJma§ àX{jUr
H¥$Ë`Ÿ&J^©Joh_² à{dí`Ÿ&Ûmañ` AÝV_w©Iñ` X{jU nmídª {Ì^mJr
H¥$Ë`Ÿ&^mJÛ`§ {dg¥Á`Ÿ&Ûma{ZH$Q>ñ`oH$^mJo nmXnmíd} XodmZm§
n{Å>H$m`m§ ~«m÷U…`O_mZüoV²,amOm MoV² Hw$_wXmon[a,d¡í`… `{X
Hw$_wXmY…,eyÐ… `{X OJVm¡ J^©Ý`mg§ Hw$`m©V²Ÿ&Cº${dn`©`Ý`mgo _hmZ²
Xmof… ^d{VŸ&Vñ_mV² ñWmZ^«§e§ Z H$ma`oV²Ÿ&
VXm AmMm`©… ^y_ÊS>b§ gnd©V Ûrn g_wÐ{X½JO§ eof\$UrÝÐ
\$Um_ÊS>bpñWV§ Ü`mËdmŸ&{Û^wO§ í`m_m§ gdm©^aU ^y{fVm§ F$VwñZmVm§
dgwYm§ AmË_mZ_{n gd©^yfU^y{fV§ Ho$ed§ Ü`mËdm&ŸJ^©^mOZ
ñWmZJVª Jmo_yÌoU AZw{bß`Ÿ&
gd©^yVYao H$mÝVo nd©VñVZ _pÊS>VoŸ&
g_wÐn[aYmZr`o Xodr J^ª g_ml`Ÿ&''
B{V _ÝÌoU Vpñ_Z² JV} J^©^mOZ_² {dÝ`ñ`Ÿ&{dYmZoZ {nYm`Ÿ&
gwY`m Y¥T>rH¥$Ë`Ÿ&g_ÝVV… ajm§ Hw$`m©V²Ÿ& VXm J^©ñ` ñIbZo
Xw{Z©{_Îmo M nyd©dV² àm`{üÎm§ Hw$`m©V²Ÿ& J^© Ý`mg_² AH¥$Ëdm J«m_§
 14

àmgmX§ dm Hw$`m©V²Ÿ `{X,VXm Z{MamXod C^m¡j`§ `m`mVm_²Ÿ&VXmZt

`O_mZ… Jwado nydm}º$ g§»``m X{jUm§ XÚmV²Ÿ&
B{V lr damhJwéUm {da{MVm`m§ {H«$`mH¡$ad MpÝÐH$m`m§
J^©Ý`mg {d{Y…Zm_ n#m_… n[aÀN>oX…