Colceru Marius

Kinematic analysis

Kinematics is a part of classical mechanics that describes the motion of

points, bodies (objects), and systems of bodies without considering the forces
that caused the motion.
A kinematics problem begins by describing the geometry of the system and
declaring the initial conditions of any known values of position, velocity and/or
acceleration of points within the system.
Then, using arguments from geometry, the position, velocity and acceleration
of any unknown parts of the system can be determined. The study of how forces
act on bodies falls within kinetics, not kinematics.

Kinematic analysis is the process of measuring the kinematic quantities used

to describe motion. In engineering, for instance, kinematic analysis may be used
to find the range of movement for a given mechanism, and working in reverse,
using kinematic synthesis to design a mechanism for a desired range of motion. In
addition, kinematics applies algebraic geometry to the study of the mechanical
advantage of a mechanical system or mechanism.
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The three stages of Kinematics Analysis: position analysis, velocity analysis,

and acceleration analysis they each follow similar recipes for finding for each
body its position, velocity and acceleration, respectively.
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The position vector of a particle is a vector drawn from the origin of the
reference frame to the particle. It expresses both the distance of the point from
the origin and its direction from the origin. In three dimensions, the position of
point P can be expressed as

The velocity of a particle is a vector quantity that describes the direction of

motion and the magnitude of the motion of particle. More mathematically, the
rate of change of the position vector of a point, with respect to time is the
velocity of the point. Consider the ratio formed by dividing the difference of two
positions of a particle by the time interval. This ratio is called the average velocity
over that time interval and is defined as Velocity=displacement/time taken.

The acceleration of a particle is the vector defined by the rate of change of the
velocity vector. The average acceleration of a particle over a time interval is
defined as the ratio.

The position of one component of a mechanical system relative to another is

defined by introducing a reference frame, say M, on one that moves relative to a
fixed frame, F, on the other. The rigid transformation, or displacement,
of M relative to F defines the relative position of the two components. A
displacement consists of the combination of a rotation and a translation.

Revolute motion driver

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Translation driver

Traditionally, kinematics and dynamics have followed the classic analysis

software method of preprocessing (preparing the data), solving (running the
solution algorithms, which involve the solution of simultaneous equations), and
postprocessing (analyzing the results). Even though today’s programs are much
more interactive, most programs follow this basic process since it is a logical way
to solve the problem. Most solvers are available as independent software
programs.
Engineers have used specialized software programs for performing various
analyses for years in projects such as automobile suspension design. Doing all of
the tasks in a single CAD program is becoming routine as solid modelers are being
tightly linked to motion simulation software.
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Bibliography

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematics
http://www.npd-solutions.com/kinematic.html
Dynamics of Multi-body Systems Course by Prof.dr.ing. Csaba Antonya –Lecture 5