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Of Pla NF00074 1001D PDF
Of Pla NF00074 1001D PDF
NUFLO™
Orifice Plates
for Flow Measurement & Flow Restriction
Orifice plates are one of the most popular devices for the plates under North Star and NuFlo brands, and through the
measurement and control of fluid flow. The shape and collaboration of its Measurement Systems and Flow Control
manufacturing tolerances of plates used in measurement divisions, Cameron's restriction design capabilities include the
applications are defined in the international standardization design of multi-orifice/multi-chamber chokes for regulating
publications of ISO, AGA, ASME and others. From the formulas flow from high-pressure oil and gas wellheads.
and data within these publications, the relationships and values
Cameron also offers multiple “holders” for orifice plates.
of flow, differential pressure, and plate bore are determined.
These include holders that fit in or between ring joint flanges,
In flow control applications, orifice plates are used as restriction orifice holding blocks, and single and dual orifice fittings.
devices to regulate fluid flow or reduce the flowing pressure See pages 6 to 8 for detailed descriptions.
downstream of the orifice plate. The use of a fixed restriction
orifice can be beneficial and economic by reducing the Plate Styles
demands on other flow system components. Cameron’s plate styles include
Unlike measurement orifices, the sizing and design of restriction • Type 500 – a universal plate for use in orifice fittings and
orifices are not defined by standardization organizations. Type 580 and 590 ring-joint flange plate holders. See
Additionally, restriction orifices are often exposed to severe flow Universal Orifice Plates, page 2.
conditions associated with large pressure reductions and the • Type 520 – a paddle-type plate for use with raised-face
related fluid conditions caused by liquids flashing to a gas, orifice flange unions for measurement applications or for
cavitation, and sonic (choked) flow. In torturous applications, installation between standard ANSI flanges in restriction
mimicking the design of measurement orifices is not sufficient. applications. Special options for flat-face flanges with
Rather, Cameron offers a variety of solutions involving alternate full-face contact are also available. See Paddle Type
designs for the leading edge of the bore, increased plate Orifice Plates, page 3.
thickness, alternate materials of construction, and multi-stage • Gas Prover Style – a 2-in. diameter plate for use with a
assemblies embedded with specifically sized orifices. NuFlo gas prover system for measuring the mass or volume
of a flowing gas being released to atmospheric pressure.
Cameron has decades of experience designing, sizing, and The plate is similar to the Type 500 orifice plate but has a
manufacturing orifice equipment using Computational Fluid 2-in. diameter to fit in the prover body. See Gas Prover
Dynamics (CFS) techniques and other design tools. Cameron has Orifice Plates, page 4.
manufactured measurement orifice plates and restriction orifice
Bore Designs Design Specifications
The bore in the orifice plate can be shaped or positioned to NuFlo Orifice Plates feature the following features, options,
create advantages for specific measurement applications. and capabilities:
Likewise, the bore design can be customized to enhance the • Edges – square and sharp, will not reflect a beam of light
performance of flow restriction plates. See Special Profile when viewed without magnification. Non-counter-bored plates
Orifice Bores, page 4, for illustrations and detailed descriptions are available on request for bi-directional flow measurement
of each bore design. or for restriction applications at no additional charge.
Restriction plates can be challenging to engineer due to the • Finish – 20 micro-inch roughness, directionally polished.
Other finishes are optional.
extreme conditions to which they are subjected. In applications
where a measurement style plate is inadequate, a “thick” • Flatness – Flat within 0.010 of an inch per inch of dam
restriction plate or a multi-stage plate may be the answer. height (dam height = pipe diameter minus orifice diameter,
divided by 2)
A thick plate is as thick as the diameter of the bore. In large
diameter applications, the appearance is similar to a wafer • Material Grade – 316 stainless steel. Other alloys are optional.
meter. Where extreme velocities exist, a thick plate better • CRN – All plates and the ring joint flange plate holder have
resists supersonic velocity and erosion. In installations where a Canadian Registration Number confirming compliance
high sound levels or reduced durability should be avoided, a with ASME B16.48 and other piping codes. All NuFlo orifice
series of orifices can be used. Each orifice is specifically sized plates are traceable to a mill test report.
and factory installed in a pipe section which is supplied as a • Markings – All plates are marked with the line size, material
spool assembly. of construction, bore size, reference temperature, and heat
lot number. As an option, the customer’s tag information
can also be included.
Orifice Sizing
• Plate Size and Thickness – Orifice plates are available in
Customers also rely on Cameron for expert sizing of orifice
line sizes from 1/2-in. to 60 in. Standard line sizes, 2-inch to
applications. Cameron offers free quotations for measurement
12-inch, are commonly available in both 1/8-in. and 1/4-in.
and restriction orifice plates and provides bore dimensions or
thicknesses. Restriction plates are offered in various thick-
calculation results for a nominal charge. The screen image
nesses according to calculation results based on line size,
below shows calculations for a multi-stage orifice assembly. bore size, pressure drop, material, and flowing temperature.
All calculations are provided for advisement purposes only.
• Vent or Drain Holes – Vent or drain holes are an option.
Customers must specify diameter and location or pipe
schedule.
2
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
3
Type 520 Dimensions
A A A A A A A B C D
4
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Eccentric Bore
Eccentrically bored orifice plates are plates with the Tap angle
Segmental Bore
Segmentally bored orifice plates are provided for Tap angle
measurement where solids are entrained in a gas or
180°
liquid flow stream. The circular portion of the bore is
inscribed within a circle which is normally 98% of the
D 90°
pipe diameter. The segmental opening may be placed
either at the top or bottom of the pipe. Industries using
d
these bores include sewage treatment, steel, chemical,
water conditioning, paper and petrochemical.
D d D d
d d
Some restriction applications are designed with the assumption The conical orifice is a measurement orifice installed in the
that the fluids will reach sonic velocity through the bore of the flow line with the bevel facing upstream. It is applied in low
restriction (critical flow). It is more predictable to achieve sonic Reynolds Number applications. Due to reduced machining,
velocity through the bore of a thick plate and a thick plate can this style is more economical than the quadrant bore typically
withstand the mechanical wear associated with sonic velocity. used for measurement of viscous fluids, and is sufficiently
accurate for most restriction applications.
5
Multi-Stage Restriction Assembly
A multi-plate restriction assembly reduces the flowing pressure in stages as a means of reducing noise pollution or improving
the durability of the restriction element. Flow is kept subsonic and non-cavitating at each stage by adding stages. Each assembly
is custom-engineered by Cameron for specific operating parameters. Most assemblies are welded with non-removable plates.
These assemblies are commonly used in “blowdown” applications in which gases are vented to atmospheric pressure with minimal
emitted sound.
4D
6
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
B B B
Orifice Plate
Spring Hold-Down
Clip Screws
Snap
Ring
A A A
Type 560 Type 580 Type 590
Integral Plate Seal with Snap-Ring Clip with Hold-Down Screws
300 - 600 lbs. ANSI 900 lbs. ANSI 1500 lbs. ANSI 2500 lbs. ANSI
1/2 R-11 29/32 4-1/4 19/32 R-12 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-12 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-13 1 4-1/4 19/32
3/4 R-13 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-14 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-14 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-16 1 4-1/4 19/32
1 R-16 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-16 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-16 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-18 1 4-1/4 19/32
1-1/2 R-20 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-20 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-20 1 4-1/4 19/32 R-23 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2
2 R-23 1-1/16 4-1/4 19/32 R-24 1-1/16 5-1/4 5/8 R-24 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2 R-26 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2
2-1/2 R-26 1-1/16 5-1/4 19/32 R-27 1-1/16 5-1/4 5/8 R-27 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2 R-28 1-13/16 5-1/4 9/16
3 R-31 1-1/16 5-1/4 19/32 R-31 1-1/16 5-1/4 17/32 R-35 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2 R-32 1-3/16 6-1/4 9/16
3-1/2 R-34 1-1/16 4-1/4 19/32 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 R-37 1-1/16 5-1/4 19/32 R-37 1-1/16 5-1/4 17/32 R-39 1-1/16 5-1/4 1/2 R-38 1-5/16 6-1/4 19/32
5 R-41 1-1/16 6-1/4 19/32 R-41 1-1/16 6-1/4 17/32 R-44 1-1/16 6-1/4 1/2 R-42 1-7/16 7-1/4 19/32
6 R-45 1-1/16 6-1/4 19/32 R-45 1-1/16 6-1/4 17/32 R-46 1-3/16 6-1/4 9/16 R-47 1-7/16 7-1/4 19/32
8 R-49 1-1/16 6-1/4 19/32 R-49 1-1/16 6-1/4 17/32 R-50 1-35/16 6-1/4 9/32 R-51 1-9/16 8-1/4 5/8
10 R-53 1-3/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-53 1-3/16 7-1/4 21/32 R-54 1-7/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-55 2 8-1/4 1-1/16
12 R-57 1-3/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-57 1-3/16 7-1/4 21/32 R-58 1-11/16 8-1/4 3/4 R-60 2-1/8 9-1/4 7/8
14 R-61 1-3/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-62 1-7/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-63 1-7/8 8-1/4 25/32 n/a n/a n/a n/a
16 R-65 1-5/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-66 1-9/16 7-1/4 27/32 R-67 2-1/8 9-1/4 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a
18 R-69 1-5/16 7-1/4 23/32 R-70 1-11/16 7-1/4 3/4 R-71 2-1/8 9-1/4 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a
20 R-73 1-3/8 7-1/4 23/32 R-74 1-9/16 7-1/4 3/4 R-75 2-1/8 10-1/4 7/8 n/a n/a n/a n/a
24 R-77 1-7/16 7-1/4 13/16 R-78 1-7/8 9-1/4 25/32 R-79 2-5/16 11-1/4 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a
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MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
U S A • C A N A D A • U K • C H I N A • U A E • A L G E R I A • M A L AY S I A • I N D I A • K E N YA w w w. c - a - m . c o m / f l o
OF-PLA NF00074 1001 © Copyright 2010 Cameron International Corp. All Rights Reserved.