ENGLISH 10

LINEAR TEXT  clear, concise, declarative statement

 paragraph form which provides direction to investigate
 narrative the variables
 written  focus on the ways to measure the
NON-LINEAR TEXT variables or describe them
 charts  directed towards identifying the
relationship or difference
 illustrations
 results sought by the researcher at the
 graphs
end of the research process
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD
 summarize what is to be achieved by
RESEARCH the study
 interesting CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 researchable
OBJECTIVE
 significant
 S – specific
 manageable
 M – measurable
WRITING THE TITLE
 A – attainable
 gives a name to the research and it is
 R – realistic
also a mean to identify the contribution
 T – time-bound
of the researcher
GUIDELINES IN WRITING THE
 should be clear enough to express the
global content of the article in a brief SCOPE AND LIMITATION
and concrete way  Brief statement of the general purpose
 title is the first thing that the readers of the study
meet ; should be attractive and create a  Subject matter and topics studies and
good impression discussed
TIPS IN WRITING THE TITLE  Locale of the study, where the data
 Suggest a relationship between were gathered or the entity to which the
variables which supports the major data belong
hypothesis  Population or universe from which the
 Limited to 5 to 15 substantive words respondents were selected. This must
be large enough to make
 Does not include redundant phrasing
generalizations significant
such as “A Study of”, “An Analysis of” or
similar constructions  Period of study, time, either months or
years during which the data were
 Takes the form of a question or
gathered
declarative statement
 If you use a quote as part of the title, the HYPOTHESIS
source of the quote is cited (usually  researcher’s prediction of the tentative
using an asterisk and footnote) results and findings of the study based
 Use correct grammar and capitalization on a theory or assumption of the
with all first words and last words variables measured in the study
capitalized including the first word of a  presents the relationship between
subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, variables
adjectives, adverbs that appear between CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
the first and last words of the title are HYPOTHESIS
also capitalized  Based on sound reasoning
 Rarely uses an exclamation mark at the  Provides reasonable explanation for the
end of the title predictable outcome
WRITING THE INTRODUCTION  Clearly states the expected relationship
 Statement of the Problem between defined variables
 Objectives of the Study  Testable within a reasonable time frame
 Scope and Limitations of the Study
 Hypothesis
 Definition of Terms

TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 Directional Hypothesis
 ENGLISH 10
 stipulates the direction of the  struck by old Hildebrand in one blow
expected difference or under her waist
relationship  cut off Hagen’s head
 statement of conjuncture where GUNTHER
the two variables of the study are  brother of Kriemhild
expressed as having some  king of Burgundy
relationship in a certain direction  husband of Brunhild
 Non-Directional Hypothesis  asked for Siegfried’s help to pass the
 does not specify the direction of trials of Brunhild and marry her
expected difference or  together with Hagen, they plotted
relationship against Siegfried
 difference can be in any direction  held prisoner by Dietrich of Bern with
TERMS Hagen
 Conjuncture BRUNHILD
 boiling point  queen of Isenland
 combination of circumstances or  very powerful because of her girdle and
events usually producing a crisis ring
 Stipulate  wife of Gunther
 to make an arrangement or  tied Gunther in her girdle and hanged
covenant to do or forbear him on a nail
something HAGEN
 Variables  plotted against Siegfried together with
 subject to variation or changes Gunther
 deceived Kriemhild to tell him Siegfried’s
 APA
weak spot
 American Psychological
 vassal of Kriemhild and Gunther
Association
 killed by Kriemhild
 IMRD OLD HILDEBRAND
 introduction, methodology,
 struck Kriemhild with one blow under
results, discussion
her waist
SIEGFRIED
ETZEL (ATTILA)
 great warrior
 king of the Huns
 slayed the dragon
 second husband of Kriemhild
 bathed himself with the dragon’s blood
DIETRICH OF BERN
to make him invulnerable
 held Gunther and Hagen prisoner
 went to Burgundy to marry Kriemhild
 passed the trials
 presented himself as a vassal of
Gunther to Brunhild
 helped Gunther pass the trials of
Brunhild using his invisibility cloak
 got Brunhild’s girdle and ring
 murdered by Hagen by thrusting a spear
on his weak spot
 has a weak spot because of the Linden
leaf
 told Kriemhild about the girdle and ring
KRIEMHILD
 sister of Gunther
 princess of Burgundy
 wife of Siegfried
 told Hagen about the girdle and ring
 fooled by Hagen to mark Siegfried’s
weak spot
 married Etzel (Attila) for power and to
help her take revenge