Chapter 1

The Problem and its Scope

Introduction

Rationale of the Study

The land transport system has a vital role in the economic growth of a

country. Dealing with the movement of goods and passengers by the different

modes of transportation from one place to another. The common modes of the

system are automobiles such as buses, jeepneys, tricycles, cars, motorcycles,

and bikes.

Automobiles are a symbol of personal growth and development. The

invention of the automobile opened up doors to new inventions. It allowed for

people to worry less about making it to dinner on time, and worry more about the

actual dinner. People can travel faster in automobiles and feel more comfortable

at the same time. Automobiles were and continue to be the main source of

transportation in the world. They will continue to influence every part of our

economy. Without automobiles, life as we know it would not be the same, and

the changes that they have brought upon the earth can be seen in every aspect

of society.
 Cebu City, one of the booming cities in the country lies the different

institutions, commercial buildings, and malls. Colon and Carbon are some of the

notable places. Being colon the busiest street and carbon as the public market.

In that manner, people are attracted to visit the place that rises the population

growth. PUJs are the most accessible means of public mass transportation

bringing Filipino commuters to their destinations at the cheapest fare. This PUJ

has different routes corresponding to its endpoint. With its little improvement or

mismanagement of the transport system and having a high demand for

commuters, the tendency of it is to have some traffic issues and PUJ driver

commuter relationship. One of the possible solutions is through a terminal. This

is the purpose why the researchers are conducting this study on the possibility of

having the terminal within the vicinity of the colon and carbon area.

Feasibility study of a terminal is a detailed survey of the scope of the

network of automobiles and commuters and analysis of the transportation system

supported by the gathered data with a partnership of private and public sector.

With that, the researcher will have an evaluation of the Colon and carbon

area movement of PUJ as well as the commuters. The particular place in the

Colon and Carbon area experiencing traffic congestion corresponding to the

peak hours and no. of commuters waiting in the area. The data of the capacity of
a terminal that can cater to the commuters and the PUJ’s. The result of the

study could be used in proposing a terminal in the area.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Infrastructures for the modes of transportation inland particularly the PUV

terminal has less no. concerning the demand of the commuters. In building the

terminal, there must be a study to have accurate measurements and standards.

The main intention of the terminals is to have a connection between the commuters

and the PUV meeting in one place. Most of the terminals are at the metropolis

where it booms and surrounded by different institutions, commercial buildings, and

malls.

Third world country metropolis has little or no improvement to their

transportation system due to the mismanagement of the government. In that

manner, traffic issues are to arouse. Metropolis are the prime movers of the

economic growth in a country. That’s why traffic is a big issue for them. The

terminal is one of the common solutions to the said above. But the main question

is the space of the terminal within the vicinity of the scope to be constructed. A

study is to be conducted by the government with a partnership of the private sector.

Here are some public transportation terminal’s in the country the one is existing

today and the other one is undergone feasibility study:

Eastbound PUV Terminal

Due to the urgent need of providing a terminal for vans bound to the Cities

of Legaspi and Iriga and to the municipalities in Partido and Rinconada, Camarines

Sur as well as in the Province of Albay, the Sangguniang Panlungsod of Naga

deemed the necessity to enact Ordinance No. 2014-051. It is clear to the City

Government of Naga and to the Nagueňos, however, that the Eastbound PUV

Terminal established near St. Joseph School at the lot owned by Engr. Ruben Sia

in the Central Business District II is only temporary. There is still a need to identify

and build a permanent one.

Recognizing therefore this existing development gap, the 11th

Sangguniang Panlungsod of Naga has resolved to look into the possibility of

developing the 4,920 square meters lot near the Jesse M. Robredo Coliseum as

the potential permanent Eastbound PUV Terminal. Resolution No. 2015-100,

enacted on March 7, 2015 (Tuesday) during our 85th Regular Session, creates a

technical working group tasked to study the matter and to submit within 30 days

their recommendations to the Sangguniang Panlungsod.

Chaired by the City Planning Development Officer, Wilfredo B. Prilles, and

co-chaired by the City Administrator, Florencio T. Mongoso Jr., the technical

working group is comprised by the Public Safety Officer, the Manager of the

Central Bicol Station, the Executive Director of the Naga City Investment Board,
the City Engineer, the Chief of the PNP Traffic Division, and a representative from

the Naga City People’s Council. They shall conduct a feasibility study to look into

the viability of the aforementioned place as permanent Eastbound PUV Terminal

and, if findings are on the positive, prepare the detailed engineering plans and

work program for the establishment of the same.

Linkages to other progressive cities and municipalities in the Bicol Region are

essential to spur and sustain robust growth. Integration and free flow of goods,

services and manpower is now the trend to achieve sustainable and inclusive

development. A comfortable, efficient and permanent Eastbound PUV Terminal is

therefore vital to enhance and maintain the city’s competitiveness and its stature

as the regional center of trade and commerce. With Resolution No. 2015-100, we

are optimistic that this developmental issue will soon be addressed and a

permanent Eastbound PUV Terminal will soon be established.(

http://www.spnagacity.com/) .

Ayala Cebu PUV TERMINAL

CEBU, Philippines - Ayala Center Cebu (ACC) opened its P53 million PUV

(Public Utility Vehicle) terminal yesterday at the north-entrance area to pave way

for its major shopping mall expansion which will kick off next week.

The new two-story PUV Terminal will accommodate an average trip frequency of

at least 1,300 trips a day, including the trips of non-accredited public vehicles, said

Joy Polloso, ACC general manager.

 The terminal will serve major routes in Metro Cebu, seven of which are for

jeepney and five routes will be serve by van for hire (V-Hire), she said. For jeepney,

routes include Guadalupe, Colon, Labangon, Mandaue, Talamban, SM, and

Lahug. The V-hire transport will also serve the routes going to and from Lapu-Lapu

City, Consolacion, Lilo-an and further north of Balamban, Tuburan, and Asturias.

Overall, the ACC PUV Terminal covers a total of 4,000 square-meter gross

floor area for the two-story facility.

Immediately, ACC through its mother company Cebu Holdings Inc. (CHI),

will start the construction of shopping mall expansion this coming Monday January

24, as it sets to officially break ground.

Feasibility Study has a big role in proposing terminals based on key points

above. In cooperation with the traffic agency for the overviewing of the area. Also,

the data they have with regards to the current traffic situation.The researchers will

put it on their perspective in doing the analyzation.

 INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Survey the
routes of PUJ
passing
through colon
and carbon
area
2. Survey the No.
of commuters 1. Observation
and PUJ in 2. Gathering
Data Conclusion
peak hours
3. Data of the 3. Analyzation of
Data
capacity of a
terminal to
cater THE PUJ
and commuter
4. Data of the
streets
experiencing
traffic
congestion

Fig.1 Flow of Research Process

The Statement of the problem

The lack of terminal for PUJ’s in Colon and Carbon area is one of the major factors

that cause traffic congestion. The obstruction of a commercial building, malls,

universities, churches, and the public market makes the area populated. As a

result, the PUJ drivers tend to violate the following traffic policies namely: tends to

have a short route to their regular route and the illegal mini terminal in sideways in

a narrow road. The commuters are stress out to be able to ride a PUJ. There are

also instances where the PUJ drivers will not board a commuter that gives only

alibi’s.

With the problem above, researchers would like to inscribe the following

subproblems;

1. What are the common streets in colon and carbon area that do illegal

PUJ parking?

2. What is the average no. of PUJs passing through the streets in colon

and carbon?

3. How many commuters will wait for every day in the Colon and Carbon

area?

4. What particular place in colon or carbon area that is ideal for the

development of a PUJ terminal?

5. What type of PUJ route can benefit of this terminal?

6. What are the types of incidents that the commuters experience?

7. How many commuters that the terminal will cater?

8. How many PUJs that the terminal will cater?

 9. Can this terminal generate a profit?

Scope and Limitation

The scope of the study is that there is a possibility to build a terminal that will

cater to the traffic congestion in the Colon and Carbon area. It focuses on traffic

congestion on Colon and Carbon area and the safety of commuters when they

are waiting for PUJ. It comprises the traffic survey and the how many PUJ will

pass by in the located area.

The samples identified are limited only to what type PUJ will pass by and

how many commuters will wait every day for PUJ.

This study was conducted during the 1st semester academic year 2019-2020.

Objectives

This study investigated how the local government managed and regulated PUJs

operations in Cebu City specially in Colon and Carbon area and there is a

possibility to make a terminal concerning the traffic congestion. Specifically, it

endeavored to (1) assess the traffic ordinances implemented by the Cebu City

Government along Colon and Carbon area; (2)To evaluate the conditions of the

volume of PUJs plying their routes in Colon and Carbon and (3) To evaluate

commuters safety in waiting the PUJ’s along the highway.

Significance of the Study

This feasibility study tends to benefit the following;

The Government. The data gathered in the research may give as their basis of

having a PUJ terminal considering the convenience and safety of the commuters;

It will enhance in utilizing the no. PUJ’s in the road

The Commuters. This development will give them a convenience and a place to

wait the PUJ. It will give the commuters a congested-free trip in a short time.

The economy. The development will give the stores, and supermarket and other

business establishment in the area to boost customers. The productivity in

moving of labors, skills and knowledge in between market will have a greater

impact of it.

The Researchers. The study will help them to gain knowledge in developing a

terminal with its benefits to the society. The theoretical aspect of their schooling

may put into credit and apply in today’s current situation of society. This will give

them an experience as their foundation of their career in the future.

 DEFINITION OF TERMS

PUJ. Public Utility Jeepney , sometimes called simply jeeps (Filipino: dyip), are

buses and the most popular means of public transportation ubiquitous in

the Philippines.

Traffic Congestion. Traffic congestion is a condition on road networks that occurs

as use increases, and is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and

increased vehicular queueing.

Colon St. (Cebuano: Dalang Colon) is a historical street in downtown Cebu City,

Cebu that is often called the oldest and the shortest national road in

the Philippines.

Carbon Market. The Carbon Market is Cebu City's largest public market. It is

named after a nearby area where coal used to be stored.

Cebu City. Cebu is a province in the Phillppines consisting of the Cebu Island

and many other surrounding islands.

Incorporate method is to unite or work into something already existent so as to

form an indistinguishable whole.

Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeepney
https://www.definitions.net/definition/traffic+congestion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colon_Street

https://www.fabulousphilippines.com/carbon-market-cebu.html

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/incorporate
Significance of the Study

This feasibility study tends to benefit the following;

The Government. The data gathered in the research may give as their basis of

having a PUJ terminal considering the convenience and safety of the commuters;

It will enhance in utilizing the no. PUJ’s in the road

The Commuters. This development will give them a convenience and a place to

wait the PUJ. It will give the commuters a congested-free trip in a short time.

The economy. The development will give the stores, and supermarket and other

business establishment in the area to boost customers. The productivity in

moving of labors, skills and knowledge in between market will have a greater

impact of it.

The Researchers. The study will help them to gain knowledge in developing a

terminal with its benefits to the society. The theoretical aspect of their schooling

may put into credit and apply in today’s current situation of society. This will give

them an experience as their foundation of their career in the future.

 Research Design

Research Method

The method that we used on this study is Incorporate Method. Through

incorporate research method, here are the following procedures in coping up our

study:

Data of the number of vehicles that are illegally park in colon and
carbon area from CITOM to be analyze.

Survey the number of PUJ’s passing through Colon and Carbon

area

Survey the number of commuters that waits Colon and Carbon

area

Finding a place in colon or carbon area to have the PUJ terminal

Survey the type of PUJ route that can best benefit the
terminal.

Survey the different incidents that the commuters experience

Data of terminal’s capacity of the commuters

Data of terminal’s capacity of the PUJ

Fig 2. Procedures throughout the study

Materials to be used:

*Papers
*Pens

Research Environment

The research environment on this study is along the vicinity D.Jakosalem

St, Sto. Nino Cebu City.The said aforementioned areas are the locations to

conduct the said study. The street is located at latitude (10.2921) and longitude

(123.9015) on the map of the Philippines.

Fig 3. The Vicinity along D. Jakosalem St.

 Legend:

Metro colon- Osmeña Blvd. lane

Ermita - Carbon -Freedom park lane

Metro Colon-Familia house- USJR lane

Scope of the study

Respondents

There were 30 respondents identified on this study. The respondents are

PUJ drivers, commuter’s city transportation officers specifically the people living

near the D, Jakosalem St, Sto. Cebu City and Colon street.
Data Analysis

The researchers will get the data the of the volume of traffic, and type of PUJ

passing through the carbon and colon area. This are the following formula in order

to obtain the needed data in the study:

1.1 Traffic volume in the area per day

Target Feature Features Preparation: The target feature used in this study is

a factor of the actual AADT calculated at the ATR locations called(Annual

Daily Traffic) AADT factor .

AADT factor= ADDT

SUM OF 24-HOURLY VOLUME OF THAT DAY

No.ofpas sin gvehiclesperyear

ADT 
365

In addition, that, the researcher will take consideration the standards of having a

terminal in the area.

Feasibility Study Intended for Terminal in
D.Jakosalem St, Sto. Nino Cebu City

Chapter 1 Introduction
(CE 51D 7:30-2:30 SAT)

Submitted by:

Bacalso, Leoneil T.

Dini-ay, Benjie C.

Duque, Joselle Ann S.

Submitted to:

Celedio, Jo Ann