Introduction

PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments)

PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments) is a structured project management method
and practitioner certification programme.
PRINCE2 is based on 7 principles, 7 themes and 7 processes. The 7 PRINCE2 principles, for
instance, are:
Continued business justification Learn from experience Defined roles and responsibilities
Manage by stages Manage by Exception Focus on products Tailor to suit the project environment

AGILE
Agile, another software development-focused PM methodology, emerged as a response to the
failure of Waterfall method for managing complex projects. Although Agile PM ideas had been
in use in the software industry for quite a while, it formally came into being in 2001 when
several IT representatives released the "Agile Manifesto"
In approach and ideology, Agile is the opposite of the Waterfall method. As the name implies,
this method favors a fast and flexible approach (here's one way to understand Agile as explained
to kids). There is no top-heavy requirements-gathering. Rather, it is iterative with small
incremental changes that respond to changing requirements. 512
Graphically, it can be represented as follows:

RUP(Rational Unified Process)

Stands for "Rational Unified Process." RUP is a software development process from Rational, a
division of IBM. It divides the development process into four distinct phases that each involve
business modeling, analysis and design, implementation, testing, and deployment. The four
phases are:
Inception - The idea for the project is stated. The development team determines if the project is
worth pursuing and what resources will be needed.
Elaboration - The project's architecture and required resources are further evaluated. Developers
consider possible applications of the software and costs associated with the development.
Construction - The project is developed and completed. The software is designed, written, and
tested.
Transition - The software is released to the public. Final adjustments or updates are made based
on feedback from end users.
The RUP development methodology provides a structured way for companies to envision create
software programs. Since it provides a specific plan for each step of the development process, it
helps prevent resources from being wasted and reduces unexpected development costs.