ASSIGNMENT 3

This is assignment 3 for the course MATH 313 201. The deadline is
31th January 3pm.
For full marks you need to give the necessary explanations. Solutions
that are not readable or with wrong ordering will not be marked.
Exercise 1. We define the Liouville’s function λ(n) by λ(1) = 1 and
λ(n) = (−1)a1 +···+ak for n = pa11 · · · pakk . Prove that λ(n) is complete
multiplicative function.
Exercise 2. Let f be a complete multiplicative function and g, h are
arithmetical functions. Prove the following
(i) f · (g ∗ h) = (f · g) ∗ (f · h), where (f · g)(n) = f (n)g(n),
(ii) (f · g)−1 = f · g −1 , when g(1) 6= 0 and g −1 is the Dirichlet inverse.
Exercise 3 (5 pts). Prove that
n X µ2 (d)
= .
φ(n) φ(d)
d|n

Exercise 4 (5 pts). Suppose f and a are arithmetical functions such

that f (n) > 0 and a(n) is real with a(1) 6= 0. Then, prove that
Y Y
g(n) = f (d)a(n/d) , if and only if, f (n) = g(d)b(n/d) ,
d|n d|n

where b = a−1 , the Dirichlet inverse of a.

Exercise 5 (5 pts). Let k ≥ 1 be an integer. We define
Y
Jk (n) = nk (1 − p−k ).
p|n

Prove that
X  n k X
Jk (n) = µ(d) and nk = Jk (d).
d
d|n d|n