Nam Wa MYP Ecology Part II Formative Multiple Choice deni the letter ofthe choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A population is correty defined as having which ofthe following characte |. inhabiting the same general area 11, individuals belonging othe same species possessing a constant and uniform density and dispersion 4 Tonly b. ilonty Land Ilonly Wand Ut only © Ietland i 2. A biologist reported that a sample of ocean water had S million diatoms ofthe species Coseinodiscus ‘central per eubie meter, What was the biologist measuring? density b.ispersion| carrying capacity 4 such tems sage, observed number of organisms alive each year, and life expectancy i Known a (an) a. life table, morality table, ©. survivorship table 4 rateable insurance tableName: Use the survivorship cures in the figure elow 10 answer the following questions A = 109 10 i | Het Tetatve age 4. Which curve bos describes survivorship in oysters? ak bow ac oD eF _____ 5. Which curve best deseribes survivorship in humans wio live in developed nations? aa be ec aD cE ___ 6 Which curve bust describes survivorship in squirels? aa b B a ¢ a0 ee 7 Life history strategies usally result fom ‘environmental pressures natural selection ©. conscious choice. 4 Aun Bony fe A.ByandC 8. Which of the following aspects of an organism ies Fear relevant ots life history? 8, umber of offspring per reprsuetve bout b. age at which it frst reproduces ©. frequeney of reprodo:ton 4. frequency of dispersal ©. allofthe aboveName: ws A population of ground squires has an annual per capita birth rate of 0.06 and an anneal per capita death rate of 0.02 Estimate the rumber of individuals added o (oF los fro) a population of 1,000 individual in one yer 120 individuals added 40 individuals added 20 individuals added 400 individuals added 20 individuals lost, ‘As. approaches K for a certain population, which ofthe following is predicted by the logistic equation? {ne prov ate wil mt change “The growth ate will pproach zero, “The population will stow an Alle effec. The population will ineease exponentially ‘The carrying capacity of the environment will ineease In which ofthe following habitats would you expect to find the largest numberof K-selected individuals? an abandoned field in Ohio the sand dunes south cf Lake Michigan the rainforests of Brasil south Florida after a hurricane newly emergent vokanie island Ifthe following characteristics ae typical ofan rselected population excepr ‘eeurtence invariable environments, high inttinsic ate of growth, onset of reproduction stan erly age extensive parental car of offspring. occurrence in open hasta ‘Yow ae studying a population of finches on one island in an archipelago. You find that your population is ‘mach larger than you would predict fom your earful rording of hatching, fledgling, and death rates. The likely explanation for this observation is You are dealing with ametapopulaton ‘Your island isthe sour of emigration, ‘your sland isthe target of immigration, and Conly A.B, and C paereeoaose ‘The following questions reer fo the figure Blow, which deplete age structure of three populaions. a ees Which population appearsta be sable? 1 0 um nd Mand 1hae ee wD: A 15, Assuming these age-strucure diagrams describe human populations, in which population is une likly to be most severe in the future? ployment al bow el ‘4. Nodiferences in themagnitade of future employment would be expected among these populations ‘e.lRienot posible to ifr anything about future social conditions from age-structure diagrams. 16, Which of the follwing snr sed in caeulaing an ecologic! footprint? 44 arable land b. pasture and forest ards Fossil energy land 4 ‘demographically trasitona land boileup land 17, Which ofthe following variables is (are important in conebuting tothe apd growth of human populations? the high percentage f young people relative tothe whole population the average age to fint give bith the earrying capacity of the environment 4 Nand Bonly © ABiandC 18, The presence of all ofthe following tend to increase species diversity except 4. competitive exclusion, 1. keystone predators. patchy environments moderate disturbances, migration of population. 19, Acconing to the compettve exclusion principle, two species cannot continue fo occupy the same a. habitt, 1b. hiche ©. tetany range ©. biome 20, The sum total ofan orgasm and abiotic resources ofits environment scaled its a. habit, bi. logstc growth, ©. biate poten 4 croc. cologicl niche 21, Allofthe following descabe possible results of competition between two species except a. competitive exclusion, b. aposematie coloration, ©. resource partitioning 44 reduction in the popiation of one species. fe. _rehietion in the popuistions of both species,Name: 2. 24 2%, 2. 28, WA Resource pattioning would be mos likely to occur between sympatric populations ofa predator and its pre. sympatric populations of species with similar ecological niches Sympatrie populations of «flowering plant and is specialized insect pollinator. allopatri populations ofthe same animal species. allopatric populations of species wit similar ezological niches. Which ofthe following tenns best deseribes the interaction between termites and the protozoans tha eed in their eu? ‘4 commensalism . mutualism © competitive exclusion 44 cetoparasitsm fe endoparasitism [Allo the following are tems that ecologists use to describe communities except for b d species richness, species diversity Batesian diversity. ophic structure, stability, ‘The species richness ofa community refers tothe ‘umber of food chains, ‘numberof diferent species. ‘energy content of al species. relative numbers of individuals in ech species. total number ofall organisms ‘The dominant species in community is characterized by very lrg indivi by. the best competitor inthe community. ©. thebest predator in the community 44 the population withthe most biomass the most energetically efficent species inthe community. Ina tide pool, 15 species ef invertebrates were reduced ocight after one species was removed. The species emoved was likely a0) community facilitator b. keystone species, ©. herbivore. resource partitioner. mutualistic organism. "Bephans are not the most common species im African grasslands, The grasslands conan seawered wooly plants, bu they are kept incheck bythe uprooting atvities ofthe elephants. Take away the elephants, and the grasslands eonvert to fests of to shrublands, The newly growing forests support fewer species than the previous grasslands. Eleptants can be defined as what typeof species in this community? a. redundant 1. dominant ©. keystone ¢ ith long lives. dominant and keystore none ofthe aboveName: », 40 31 32 %. 34 DA Disturbances to ecological communities are frequently relate to human activities can remove ofganisms and alter resource availability. create vacated ecological niches that other species can colonize. eperr Refer tothe lis of terms below to answer the following questions. Bach term maybe used ance, more than ‘once, or not at al. ‘A. parasitism 2. Iutalism inhibition D. facilitation E—commensalism the relationship betwoen sts and acacia tees b. 4 oom successional event in whigh one organism makes the envionment more suitable for another organism aA bop eC aD eB | ‘There are more species in tropical areas thn in places farther from the equator. This is probably a result of a. fewer predators bi. alonger growing season. ©. fewer major disturbances, 4. Band Conly fe allot the above ‘Which ofthe following best explains why energy cannot eye through an ecosystem? the lw of conservation of energy the second law of thermodynamics the competitive exclusion principle the green world hypothesis the principle of biomagntication Production, consumption, and deeomposition ae important ecosystem processes. Which ofthe following ‘auld be decompasers? bacteria verbs invertebrates ‘Aand Conly A.B, and CName w: A 35, Aquitc ecosystems ae unlikely tobe limited by insufficient nitrogen. auton. phosphorus sodium. Refer tothe figure below, a dlagram of food web, for the following questions. (Arrows represent energy ow and letters represen species) 1 JA a \ 2" 36, IT this were a terest fond web, the combined biomass of C + D would probably be 1. greatr than the biomass of A. Tess than the biomass oF H (© redterthan the biomass of B dd. less than the biomass ofA +B. ‘eles than the biomass oF.Name: x. 38 9, wa Use te figure below to answer the following questions. Examine this fod web fora partienlar terrestrial ecosystem Each letter is species. The arrows represent energy lo Excluding the decompose, biomass would probably be smallest for which species? oom ‘The fllowing questions refer tothe terms below. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at al A. green world hypothesis BL tumover C. biological magnifation D. greenhouse effect Ect eutrophication (CO; and vater vapor re-eflect infared radiation back toward Earth aA b B ec aD er caused by excessive nutrient input ito lakes aA hoe ec aD aE4. 41 4. “4 45, caused excessively high levels of DDT in fisheatng birds moom> Estimates of curent rats of extinction » 4 Extition is natural phenomenon. I is estimated that 99% of all species that ever lived are now exit. Why then do we say tht we are now in biodives 6 4 indicate that we have wached a state of unstable equilibrium in which speciation and extinction rats are approwimatoly equa Suggest that one-half of all animal and plant species may be gone by the year 2100. indicate that ates may be 1,000 times higher than at any other time inthe last 100,000 years. Band Conly A,B,andC ty evs? Humans are ethically -esponsble for protecting endangered species. Scientists have finaly identified most ofthe species on Earth and are this abe to {quantify the number of species becoming extn. ‘The curent rate of extinction is as much a 1,000 times higher tha ‘the fast 100,000 years Humans have greater medical needs than at any oer time in history, and many potential ‘medicinal compoundsare being lst as plant species become exit. Most biodiversity hotspots have besa destrayed by rent ecological disasters any other time in Which ofthe following wuld not qualify as an ecosystem service? Suppose you attend a town meeting at which some expert tll the audience that they have performed a cost benefit analysis of «proposed transit sytem that would probably reduce overall air pollution an Tosi fuel consumption. The anaiysis, however, reveals that ticket prices wil not eover the est of operating the ‘system when fuel, wages, ind equipment are taken into account. As a iologst, you know that if ecosystem ‘services had been includedin the analysis the experts might have ative aa different answer. Why are rain falling tothe ground blowfly larvae infesting der carcass bees pollinating an apple tee squires burying avons leaves falling on a forest floor ‘ovsystem services rarely incidd in economic analyses? 6 4 “Their cost is dificult fo quant, They are not worth mach. People take them for granted and Conly A,Bandc Which ofthe follwing mest diel relates to the current biodiversity ess? increased atmospheric carbon dioxide ‘ozone depletion ‘overexploitaton of species habitat destruction ned reserves46 0 48 0 50. si 32, wD: Which of the following sno an example ofan introduced species? ‘brown te snakes in Guam timber wolves in Miznesota ‘zc mussels inthe reat Lakes ‘odzu plans inthe southern United starlings in New Yors Invroduced species area problem because they can prey on or outcompete native species. ‘re somtimes presert as result of atempis at biologie control re somtimes accidentally transported to new envionment ‘Aand Boaly A,B,andC Which ofthe following des nor represent a potential threat to biodiversity? 4. importing a European inset into the United Stats to control an undesirable weed ‘building a new mall ona previously unoccupied piece of midwestem prairie -ttng previously used farmland go fallow and begin to fill wth weeds and shrubs 44 harvesting al of the oysters from an oyster bed off the Alantic coast shooting wolves because they pose a threat to ranch cattle ‘Which ofthe following doesnot apply tothe concept ofthe extinetion vortex? 1. Populations ofthe spscies entering it are smal 1 The key factor driving the extinetion vote is intraspecific competition ©. The genetic variation ofthe species’ population decreases 4. Itis concept developed by conservation biologists who adopt the "small population approach.” ._Interbreding leads te smaller populations, which leads to more interbreeding, and soon. Which of the following cenditions is the mos likely indicator of a population in an extinction vortex? “The population is divided into smaller populations The species is rare ‘Thecective population size of the species falls below 500, Genetic measurements indicate a continuing loss of genetic va ‘The population is no longer connected by corridors, Fores fragmentation stil to result in 8 oss of species that ive in open habitat. ban increase in species that lve in open habitat 1, loss of species tative inthe interior of forests & Band only © A.BiandC ‘After a disturbance, natunl recovery ofa biological community is mos strongly influenced by ‘4 whather the disturbance has boon eaused hy humans ora ntuel agent 1 the spatial scale ofthe disturbance whether the siti intemperate oF ropica areas 4. the availability of wner natty. the season in which the disturbance occured.MYP Ecology Part II Form: Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS! ANS! ANS! 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