DEFINITION OF TERMS:

The terms indicated below, whether singular or plural, shall have the following

definitions. Other terms are defined theoretically as they are presented from literature.

Coagulant- A coagulant is a chemical added to initially destabilize, aggregate, and bind

together colloids and emulsions to improve its ability to settle.

Coagulation- The change from a liquid to a thickened, curd like, insoluble state, not by

evaporation, but by some kind of chemical reaction.

Colorimeter- A colorimeter is an instrument that compares the amount of light getting

through a solution with the amount that can get through a sample of pure solvent.

Flocculants- A substance added to a suspension to enhance aggregation of

the suspended particles.

Flocculation- The process or event in which masses of a solid substance of perceptible

size form in a liquid by aggregation of smaller particles, and usually sediment to the

bottom of the containing vessel; as, addition of a cationic polymer can cause flocculation

of a negatively charged colloidal suspension.

Mill Wastewater- Wastewater portions of mined material remaining after beneficiation

operations have removed the valuable constituents from the ore.

pH Indicator- A pH indicator is a halo chromic chemical compound that is added in

small amounts to a solution so that the pH of the solution can be determined visually.

pH Meter- A pH meter acts as a volt meter that measures the electrical potential

difference between a pH electrode and a reference electrode and displays the result in

terms of the pH value of the solution in which they are immersed.

Sodium Bentonite- Sodium bentonite is a natural sealant and is used for sealing stock

and recreational ponds, dairy and sewage lagoons, and city landfills.

Turbidity- Turbidity is a measure of the degree to which the water loses its transparency

due to the presence of suspended particulates.

XRF- XRF (X-ray fluorescence) is a non-destructive analytical technique used to

determine the elemental composition of materials. XRF analyzers determine the

chemistry of a sample by measuring the fluorescent (or secondary) X-ray emitted from a

sample when it is excited by a primary X-ray source.