FERENCE
norm of human cond
rules with regard to behavior. So asa way of introducing mora
to socal beings
why rules ace impor
2. Rules protect
that place lms on behavior. Rules are usualy coupled wi
quences
ETHICS: PamcPLES OF ErHicAL BeHAvioR I MoDeRN Society ‘oF Erwiea. Benavion w Moosen society 1
KOions flaws andthe governing
enough to suppres
checks and balances farther protec
and contents
The following cha
rnon-moralstandaes
system sable 09510 ave dpresion ad the tke ‘or hegemonic au
person has the moral obligation todo som.
io that even if
short sciety could nat soundly function res and regulations.
Rules are necessary to protect the greater good. Eien the fest societies ought to
have rules inorder to avoid explotatons and tyranny wile upholding the common
wolire
Moral standords re nat the only ue
precedence over other considerations,
2, Moral vs. Non-moral:
Ia gonoal moral duty t obey the law,
the ea
nonceoperation such asthe ate
slavesto ther owners)
cls oe
lows calling for
ice of an ei Lis un
ior oon SocieTY ETHICS: Prive oF ErnichL BexAVION m MooERN SociETY S_3shed by auth nara
ested by. bodies or persons such 5
‘deat instead, these ales ought to be considered
sof makings npn therefore, mol tandards cannot be
body Onething,
ies. on the soundness of
ott and justly them,
ty Simpy pt it mea
standards. To be more accurate, howev
counted as equal
iy depicted as being fee of bisor
we gve equal andor adequate cor
ned partes.
and t influence to action
to asin praise and
i 4) emmcs: Pawcrtes oF Ernest Bexavion m MODERN SOCIETY
“Teter tema! eferstoastustion in
ne espelly mre oles eg
rable ones. Not
transgressing a moral principle At the very least, a moral dilemma involves
conflicts between moral requiements.
1Standord Eneyclopediaof Philosophy, indscussing moral lemmas,
‘om the Book of Plato's Republic
justice as speaking the truth and paying one's
debts, Socrates quickly refutes this account by su would
be wrong to repay certain dbts—for exampl
werpon toa tend who isnt in isi
repaying debts without mera impo
isnot atiays ight to cepay ones debi
to whom the debt is oned demands repayment. What we have here is
nots repaying one's debts and protecting
ernenas’ nd)
confit between to me
‘others from ham. (Me
What is common to moral dilemmas s conflict. each ethical derma, an
gent regards himself shaving mera reasons to do each of two actions, but doing
bath actions seem to be ethically not posible
‘The key features of mora derma are these: (8) the agent is required 10 do
‘exch oft (or more) actions () ve agent can do each othe ations but the agenturement
‘not mos of, moral dilemmas fl unde, of bo dow to
the phloiopher Jean-Paul Sate provided 2 case that could
There are-many other pe lemmas 9 person makes
ing promises, he fces 3 meal conflict. When an individual has to
i who is about tobe dbveredand the chil’s
ts ates:
moral dilemmas refer t
tical dilemmas size even in professional work, Administrative bodies
hy several courses of action
successful outcome to those
‘zses about eoiporate practices, pales, business behaviors,
and tlationzhips of india n the organizations. ther b
nt leaders and employees have a moral duty
toactina manne snd unbiased thats loyal the publi by putting
publi interest before personal gin, and that
include whether or not of
tuets favoring he agenda of one's
1st be good forthe community, dealing with confi
Inerent in serving both a a council member and as a member of an agency
‘or commission; signing from organizations in which membership may give
1 ta future confit becoming» wl Blower even iit means potently
deraling 9 poy objective one i pursuing; and accepting gts itis legally
ited but erates the appearance of impropriety.
al party overa policy one
duties
tural Dilemmas. Stvctuat moral lemmas refer to cases involving
network of insittions and operative theeretel paradigms. As they usually
encompass mutsectoral institutions and organizations, they may be argerin
scope and extent than ogarizational dilemmas
ETHICS: nciPLEs oF ErWicALBenAvion iw Mopen SocitTY _T.Casein points the pices of medi
pines which are higher Many eticiss thus belie
ies of6, Freedom asa Foundation of Mora
As explained above, one ofthe reasons animals cannot be tly.
they ae nt really autonomous o
functions may be, cannot be sald to be moral
according to what is commanded based on
Basically, mor
‘ethical codes, values, or standards to guide us in our di
choosing is impossible wtho
IY 5 8 question of choice. Mo
can besaidto define ou spec Aplicably,sing the government one's
culture ta coerce people to behave ina certain woy isnot moray but the antithesis
es applies even when the motive i pure
of morality. This principle
um Requirement for M
‘The late Philosophy profess James Rachel
judgments must be backed by sound reasoning and that mo
thus submited hat
be import ded by reason, Sound
teasing helps us to evaluate whether our feelings and intuitions about moral cases
oe correct and defensible
tan on te basis of bas, prejudice,
led discussions
Recall some
tues do you find constrting? Explain why people haw
te between morat and non-moral standards.
dlilerences between moral nd non-mora standards.
‘When do you sy something is 3 moral experience?
Identity and explain the tre levels of mo
Explain why only human beings cn be ethical
Explain: Freedom fsa foundation of ethics.
Make a writen case discussion onthe fllwing topics:
student's maral demas
Medical and business ethics case (eg, phoerha
ETHICS: PrncinLes oF EnteaL BENAViOR Iv MODERN SOCIETYpare —
professor. — ‘COURSE & YEAR:
Lentil
are experienced and
in egards to
sound? Why or why not
‘lensEnimo
not for your sevo00 to write short
three ends preferably
ETHICS: PrincinLes oF Eruicat Benavion in MODERN SOCIETY