Prepared by: Jerome A.

Bigael
› Pure substances are either compounds or
elements. They possess intermolecular and
intramolecular forces of attraction due to the
differences in the electronegativities of the
constituent atom or molecules.
› The attraction brought upon by
electronegative differences affects the
physical properties of a substance such as
solubility, melting point, boiling point, vapor
pressure, and viscosity.
› Scientists have applied these concepts to
create materials that will match the
necessities in our home, community,
industry, and medicine to improve the
quality of life.
› Nowadays, materials science and
engineering is a growing field, which takes
the advantage of the physical and chemical
properties of different materials.
› The properties being studied that affect the
overall characteristics of materials include
chemical bonding, geometry, strength of
material, bioavailability, hydrophilicity, and
hydrophobicity to name a few.
› Materials engineers and scientists alter these
properties to produce a material which can cater
to the demands of different industries, especially
in the medical and construction fields.
› This lesson mostly
immersed in the
manufacturing and
production of
medical implants or
prostheses, sports
equipment,
electronic devices,
construction
supplies and
furniture, and other
household gadgets.
› Medical Implants and
prostheses are designed
to aid a person by acting
as a substitute to a
missing part, support an
injured structure, or
improve an existing part
of the body.
› Examples of prostheses
include artificial
pacemaker, cochlear
grafts, dental implants,
and breast implants.
› Materials used in
making implants and
prostheses should be
inert to avoid adverse
reactions in the body.
› Most importantly,
implants for support
must have a strong
intermolecular forces to
be durable.
› Can you recall which Intermolecular force of
attractions are reasonably strong?
› The basis of material selection in making
objects depends in the strength it confers.
› Most prostheses are made of metals for
strong support. Some have metals admixed to
substances.
› The type of breast implant depends on the filler
material; some have saline solution as the filler,
while others have silicon gel.
› For saline filled implants, ion-dipole force exist.
› For silicon gel-based implants, dipole-induced-
dipole intermolecular force of attraction are
present; this is because silicon is semi-metal.
› For electronic devices
and household gadgets,
dipole-induced dipole
exists since components
of such devices include
polar substances like
transient voltage
suppression diodes and
metalloids or semi-
metals capable of having
induced dipole.
› These are materials used for
exercise and sports
activities. These apparatuses
must be durable; hence the
need for strong
intermolecular force of
attraction.
› Intermolecular forces of
attraction present in these
materials are ion-ion, H-
bonding, dipole-dipole, and
ion dipole.
› This has been done not only to increase
sports efficiency and effectiveness of athletes
regardless of what specific type of sports they
are playing, but most importantly, to minimize
possible injuries for athletes and for those
playing sports for recreation and fitness.
› To increase sport efficiency and eventually decrease
sports-related injuries, sports
› Construction supplies, due
to the required strength
from their components
(sand, gravel, rocks, water,
cement) have the
following intermolecular
forces of attraction as a
consequence: ion-ion, H-
bonding, dipole-dipole,
ion-dipole.