Ramos administration centerpiece-

“PHILIPPINES 2000”
Ramos: became president in 1992
Became industrialized in 2000
Information goods- products of human
mind=books, technologies, etc.
Then (Cold War) Now (1992)

(post- Political- 1
Rodrigo Roa Duterte
independence) superpower
2016-present
-USA
Ideological conflict 2. Economics
74 y/o
between Russia -Trade War
Alias: Rody, Digong
and America -Economic blocks
16th Philippine President
**GATT-General
PDP-Laban
agreements on
Trump of the east, Duterte Harry, The
tariffs and trade
Punisher
Naging **WTO-
“He’s a colorful guy” (Barack Obama)
world trade
Unconventional political style
organization
-profanity-laced tirades
-signed by Gloria
Arroyo
Depictions of Duterte Supporters
USA-democracy *APEC-NIES (newly
-personalities who call for killing sprees,
and capitalism induschuchu ????)
scream bias at journalists, threaten rape
USSR-socialism Or tiger/miracle
and murder, while running the gamit of
economy
misogynistic comments
*NIES turned to
-dutertards- a pejorative label to supporters
ANIES
of Duterte, a populist leader
SWCs -pathologised as political “retards”
-socialist countries pinning their hopes on a messianic leader.
(not currently -fanatical devotees
present) -a frustrated middle class that has been
excluded from the Philippines’ economic
TWCs gains in the past six years
-coined in 1952 by -rely on the promise of swifter delivery of
Sauer services that are much needed in much in
TWCs have 60% of urban centers with crumbling public
the world’s infrastructure
resources -blind followers whose moralities have been
Have 40% of the compromised
world’s population -a product of constant negotiation between
the politics of anxiety and the politics of
Space race hope

Politics of anxietu
-war against drugs and criminality
“penal populism”- a political style that
builds on collective sentiments of fear and
demands for punitive politics
-built on two political logices that
reingorce each other:
1. politics of anxiety- fear, crisis, danger,
uncertainty
2. politics of hope- democracy, esteem,
collective aspiration
Classed Definitions of Good Politics
Privileged Segments
-consider transparent and accountable
governance as central to democratic
practice
Impoverished Communities
-view consideration and kindness as
constitutive of “good politics”
-class politics of dignity

Non-supporters
Warned against the emergence of a fascist
movement
The “rape joke” and criminals being
“legitimate targets of assassination” drew
the ire of human rights advocates but did
little to discredit his popularity

Populism
An ideology that articulates people’s
resentment against ruling classes that have
monopolized “power, property, breeding
and culture

Varieties of populism/ dichotomies of

populism
-distinguisihing people from corrupt elites
-populists deride immigrants and refugees
for undermining the west’s way of life
-one between virtuous citizens versus

Language and Populism

Duterte’s machismo-