Independent KCL Equations Cut sets forthe nodes are 4 12,8}, Gea = (2.3.4), hy KCL tothe cut sts, we obtain which are node equations. current reference erection [+ if branch leaves the node] ee “The four equations ate nearly dependent. Any the of the four equstions sre linearly independet. For any connected grahp wich me nodes, the KCL equations fo any nm ofthese nodes form 35 of ry Lineal independent equa Independent KCL Equations I mat form Foran necnode mybranch connected graph G, Aino te equations ae given by | ere = [a eigT balled the branch current vector. Ay is called ineience matric of he graph G and A, € {—1,0,1)%"%. vin Ay, oe delete the row crresponsing to the datum node (reference node), we obtain the reduced incgence matic A which i of dimension my Loe The KCL equations is given byIndependent KCL Equations “The fst ane is ebtained by fst and second node equations % % % % % % 1 1 ° ° ° 1 Ya = Yo Va — Vos Vs Van Yoo Yes Yaa ° % ea : KK .No a , AIL 6 edges voltages can be expressed tems of 3 nodetodatum vehagesefllows, Vi = Von ~ Van Ye = Va Va Ye = Vo Va Y= Ve Y= Vm es Foran ricnode m-branch conected graph G, independent KVL equations are given by vemv, sere V = [Vs VieVa]? and Va = [Vat Vas Van-a]® ate called the branch woke vector and nogeso-atum vokage vector, respecvey. isa nex nn Imatix.SEES VaeeN 6 VL equation for the closed node sequence 1-2-1 YtWo Wao “This equation can be obtained frm the fist thre equations CT (Consider an arbitrary cut. Let the graph have ny branches. Let us use sociated reference directions. Let j= [hiswin]! be any st of branch irene sxtisying KCL for G ang let VV, Ven. Va]? be any st of branch voltages satisbing KVL for G, then Proof Since i sais KCL, we hive A nd since V satisfies KVL we have Vaal Vy Using shes we equation, we ebsain VTi = VIAi= VE(Ai) = 0, a eee Comparing the independent KVL. and KCL equations, we concluge that Maat 1 curent reference direction is chosen, 1 datum node chosen and he reduced incidence matrix Ai defined, © KCL eiten a6 A 1 then we use sesoiated reference erections to fine that KVL (Vearyy