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Coronavirus Exposed, Part 1:

Communist Coverup, or Pandemic
Bioweapon of Mass Destruction?
Adrian Bond
Feb 1 · 57 min read
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV, able to enter and infect human cells’ ACE2 receptor via its spike
protein.
The official story about Coronavirus 2019 nCoV is that it “appears
to have originated in the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in
Wuhan, a Chinese city about 650 miles south of Beijing that has a
population of more than 11 million people.” This tale has been
officially reported as early as January 9th by CCP’s state-owned
and operated news channel, Xinhuanet, New-type coronavirus
causes pneumonia in Wuhan: expert, reported by local Chinese
authorities to the US National Library of Medicine database,
Outbreak of Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan China:
the Mystery and the Miracleand to the International Journal of
Infectious Diseases database, The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic
threat of novel coronaviruses to global health — The latest 2019
novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China.
Typically not included in most mainstream news stories, however,
is the fact that the claimed epicenter of the outbreak is just 8.6
miles from Wuhan Institute of Virology, which houses China’s
only P4-Level Biosafety Laboratory capable of storing, studying, or
engineering Pathogen Level 4 microbes such as other
coronaviruses, Ebola, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS,
H5N1 influenza virus, Japanese encephalitis, and dengue. Bill
Gurtz of the Washington Times reports, “the deadly animal virus
epidemic spreading globally may have originated in a Wuhan
laboratory linked to China’s covert biological weapons program,
according to an Israeli biological warfare expert.” The journalist
states that an unnamed U.S. official revealed that false rumors
have been circulating for weeks on the Chinese Internet claiming
the new coronavirus is “part of a U.S. conspiracy to spread germ
weapons” — possibly preparing propaganda outlets to counter
future charges the new virus escaped from one of Wuhan’s civilian
or defense research laboratories.
The article refers to statements provided by Dany Shoham, a
former Israeli military intelligence officer who holds a doctorate in
medical microbiology, and served as a senior analyst with Israeli
military intelligence for biological and chemical warfare in the
Middle East and worldwide from 1970 to 1991.“Coronaviruses
(particularly SARS) have been studied in the Institute and are
probably held therein”, Shohan reveals, as has anthrax, adding
that “certain laboratories in the Institute have probably been
engaged, in terms of research and development, in Chinese
[biological weapons]. Work on biological weapons is conducted as
part of a dual civilian-military research and is “definitely covert.”
Troublingly, even a State Department report issued last year
raised suspicions that China has been engaged in covert biological
warfare work. “Information indicates that the People’s Republic of
China engaged during the reporting period in biological activities
with potential dual-use applications, which raises concerns
regarding its compliance with the BWC,” the report said, adding
that the United States suspects China failed to eliminate its
biological warfare program as required by the treaty.
Thus, it seems rather astute to examine the details of government-
and media-disseminated reports in contrast to the background of
activity conducted at Wuhan Institute of Virology, as well as look
into the specifics of the new coronavirus in comparison with
viruses already isolated, identified, stored, studied, and/or
engineered at the Institute’s Biosafety Laboratory, in an effort to
glean the truth.
Claims of surprise by Chinese scientists and State
officials are arguably inauthentic
Let’s begin by examining the glaring discrepancies in the official
story to the underlying and background reality of coronaviruses,
especially in the SARS-scarred land of China. The Sun reports that
the current consensus centers on the belief that the origin of the
coronavirus outbreak is linked to bat soup sold at the market.
However, the article states that experts “had thought the new virus
wasn’t capable of causing an epidemic as serious as [previous
deadly outbreaks of SARS and Ebola] because its genes were
different,” something that simply isn’t true. In 2006, one of
China’s preeminent virologists, Professor Zhengli Shi, co-authored
the study, Review of Bats and SARS, concluding that “a SARS
epidemic may recur in the future and that SARS-like
coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) that originate from different reservoir
host populations may lead to epidemics at different times or in
different regions…. The recent discovery of a group of diverse SL-
CoVs in bats support the possibility of these events….”
Bowl of hot, delicious bat soup served at Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, China.
A concurrent article published in the South China Morning Post
on January 22, 2020, entitled Coronavirus weaker than SARS but
may share link to bats, Chinese scientists say reports the latest
findings on the coronavirus by scientists at China’s Center for
Disease Control and Prevention. “The scientists’ findings,
published on Tuesday, suggested that the danger posed by the
pneumonia-like virus may have been underestimated by the
research community.” However, Prof. Zhengli and her co-authors
published a study early last year on March 2, 2019 entitled Bat
Coronaviruses in China which explicitly warned,
“During the past two decades, three zoonotic coronaviruses have
been identified as the cause of large-scale disease
outbreaks⁻Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Swine Acute Diarrhea
Syndrome (SADS). SARS and MERS emerged in 2003 and 2012,
respectively, and caused a worldwide pandemic that claimed
thousands of human lives, while SADS struck the swine industry
in 2017. They have common characteristics, such as they are all
highly pathogenic to humans or livestock, their agents originated
from bats, and two of them originated in China. Thus, it is
highly likely that future SARS- or MERS-like coronavirus
outbreaks will originate from bats, and there is an
increased probability that this will occur in China.
Therefore, the investigation of bat coronaviruses becomes an
urgent issue for the detection of early warning signs, which in turn
minimizes the impact of such future outbreaks in China”
(emphasis added).
The South China Morning Post article continues with the
beguiling assertion, “Previously, most scientists believed the new
virus could not cause an epidemic as serious as that of SARS
because its genes were quite different. But the new study found
that, like SARS, the virus targeted a protein called angiotensin-
converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).” Apparently, the virology scientific
community not only failed to heed Prof. Zhengli’s explicit, recent
dire warnings about the “high likelihood” that future SARS- or
MERS-like coronavirus outbreaks would originate from bats —
they also ignored Zhengli’s incredibly pertinent report published
ten years ago in July, 2010, Identification of key amino acid
residues required for horseshoe bat angiotensin-I converting
enzyme 2 to function as a receptor for severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus. The study’s abstract can’t be clearer on the
immunological risks associated with protein ACE2, with its
obvious liability for usurpation by viral agents with a little
modified genome sequencing:
“Angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor for
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-
CoV). A previous study indicated that ACE2 from a horseshoe bat,
the host of a highly related SARS-like coronavirus, could not
function as a receptor for SARS-CoV. Here, we demonstrate that a
3 aa change from SHE (aa 40–42) to FYQ was sufficient to convert
the bat ACE2 into a fully functional receptor for SARS-CoV. We
further demonstrate that an ACE2 molecule from a fruit bat, which
contains the FYQ motif, was able to support SARS-CoV infection,
indicating a potentially much wider host range for SARS-CoV-
related viruses among different bat populations.”
This old but remarkable study concludes that only a minor
genome sequence change was required to convert a non-
susceptible bat ACE2 protein into a functional receptor for SARS-
CoV, something that could easily happen in nature. “Considering
that there are more than 60 different horseshoe [bat] species
around the world (Flanders et al., 2009; Rossiter et al., 2007), it is
possible that one or some of them may serve as the natural
reservoir of SARS-CoV and/or its progenitor virus(es).” Why is it
that current State virologists are apparently ignorant of these
essential discoveries of yesteryear?
The South China Morning Post article cited above summarizes
two primary known facts about the new coronavirus: first, that a
“virus found in fruit bats is [the] common ancestor of the two
strains [Coronavirus 2019-nCoV and SARS],” and that this “new
strain has [an] unusually high ability to bind to a human protein.”
And the new study on Coronavirus 2019-nCoV by the joint
research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the People’s
Liberation Army, and Institut Pasteur of Shanghai indeed found
that, like SARS, the virus targeted the ACE2 protein. It’s just as
Prof. Zhengli predicated a decade ago: “…the fact that an ACE2
protein from a megabat, the fruit bat Rousettus leschenaultia, can
function as a receptor for SARS-CoV would suggest that the host
range for SARS-CoV or SL-CoVs may be much wider than
originally thought.”
So what happened — did the virology and surrounding scientific
community drop the ball on these well-established findings and
warnings, or what? After all, at least as February, 2008, they knew
three key facts about ACE2:

1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by

the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), which
uses ACE2 as its receptor for cell entry. SL-CoVs and
SARS-CoVs share identical genome organizations and
high sequence identities, with the main exception of the
N terminus of the spike protein, known to be
responsible for receptor binding in CoVs.

2. Whereas the SL-CoV spike protein was unable to use

any of the three ACE2 molecules as its receptor, and the
SARS-CoV spike protein failed to center cells expressing
the bat ACE2, the chimeric spike protein the study
created did gain its ability to center cells via human
ACE, and

3. A minimal insert region (amino acids 310 to 518) was

found to be sufficient to convert the SL-CoV S from non-
ACE2 binding to human ACE2 binding, indicating that
the SL-CoV S is largely compatible with SARS-CoV S
protein both in structure and in function.
We know they knew these facts way back in 2008 because Prof.
Zhengli published the findings of these facts in her report,
Difference in Receptor Usage between Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus and SARS-Like Coronavirus of
Bat Origin. Therein the scientists concluded, “Knowing the
capability of different CoVs to recombine both in the laboratory
and in nature, the possibility that SL-CoVs may gain the ability to
infect human cells by acquiring spike protein sequences
competent for binding to ACE2 or other surface proteins of human
cells can be readily envisaged.” Thus, it seems strange and perhaps
even disingenuous that the new joint CCP government-joint
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV task force is seemingly ignorant about
coronavirus targeting the ACE2 protein, apparently pretending it’s
only just now discovered this. After all, Zhengli’s 2008 report was
quite clear about the role that this ACE2 protein would play in
future pandemics: the study “strengthened our belief that ACE2
from certain bat species could be able to support SARS-CoV
infection because of the predicted genetic diversity of bat ACE2
variants in different bat species.”
What is the Wuhan Institute of Virology’s National
Biosafety Laboratory, where is it, and why is it pertinent?

Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory, the only P4 lab in China, headquartered at Wuhan
Institute of Virology.
At any rate, the forgoing storyline is the official word on
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV, manifesting itself somehow in a seafood
market in Wuhan. But what else might be found in Wuhan? After
all, Wuhan is the capital city of the Hubei Province, home to some
11 million Chinese citizens. Well, curiously underreported is the
fact that China’s first high-level biosafety laboratory is located just
8.6 miles away. “Used to study class four pathogens (P4), which
refer to the most virulent viruses that pose a high risk of aerosol-
transmitted person-to-person infections,” Wuhan National
Biosafety Laboratory is the darling, cutting-edge hi-tech baby of
the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
and is the only such lab in China where dangerous, highly
communicable viruses such as Ebola, SARS, MERS, H5N1
influenza virus, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, and assorted
coronaviruses can be “safely” toyed with.
China’s National Biosafety Laboratory, located at Wuhan Institute of Virology, is only 8.6 miles
away from the claimed epicenter of the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak. Do you believe in
coincidences?
What’s odd is that despite completing the decade-long
construction and having the official inauguration of this P4
laboratory on January 31, 2015 — announced by the General Office
of Hubei Provincial People’s Government, it wasn’t until 2 and 1/2
years later in January 2018, that the Chinese government
announced that the lab was actually in operation. And ahead of the
lab’s second opening in January 2018, biosafety experts and
scientists from the United States expressly warned “that a SARS-
like virus could escape,” much in the same way the SARS virus had
escaped multiple times from a lab in Beijing.
UPDATE — JANUARY 29, 2020: What’s also odd, and
outright suspicious, is that as of January 29, 2020, the location of
Wuhan Institute of Virology (where the National Biosafety
Laboratory is headquartered) on Google Maps has inexplicably
moved since I first viewed it on January 24, 2020 and published
this article on January 27, 2020. Its new location is now over
twice the distance from the claimed epicenter of the novel
coronavirus, Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Even its satellite
imagery of the original site has been altered as well. Good thing I
took screenshots.
A Google Map Image captured Jan. 24, 2020 of Huanan Seafood market 8.6 miles distant from
Wuhan Institute of Virology, where China’s only Level P4 Biosafety Laboratory is
headquartered.
Another Google Map Image captured Jan. 29, 2020 displaying Wuhan Institute of Virology now
strangely moved approximately 15 miles southwest of its original location. What a difference
five days make, eh?
Side-by-side comparison of original Google Maps location of Wuhan Institute of Virology,
captured by screenshot on Jan. 24, 2020, and its altered location as of Jan. 29, 2020. What’s
going on here?
A Google Maps Satellite Image captured January 24, 2020, clearly showing the urban Wuhan
Institute of Virology situated across the street from the humongous China Earthquake
Administration building.
Another Google Maps Satellite Image captured January 29, 2020, now showing the Wuhan
Institute of Virology completely camouflaged in a patch of forest in a rural area 15 miles
southwest. What gives, Google?
Whether Wuhan Institute of Virology actually remains at its
original location displayed a few days ago — or has suddenly
packed up and is now holed up in the nearby woods like a
crouching tiger or hidden dragon — former Israeli military
intelligence officer and microbiologist, Dany Shoham, exposes the
institute as “one of four Chinese laboratories engaged in some
aspects of the biological weapons development.” He adds that
although the institute is under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it
has certain laboratories within it that are linked to the Chinese
defense establishment. Indeed, the annual State Department
report on arms treaty compliance stated last year that China
engaged in activities that could support biological warfare. In fact,
in 1993, China declared a second facility, the Wuhan Institute of
Biological Products — located 21.6 miles away from Wuhan
Institute of Virology, and only 9 miles away from Huanan Seafood
Wholesale Market — as one of eight biological warfare research
facilities covered by the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC)
which the communist country joined in 1985. “This means the
SARS virus is held and propagated there, but it is not a new
coronavirus, unless the wild type has been modified, which is not
known and cannot be speculated at the moment,” Shoham
explains.
Wuhan Institute of Biological Products — a known biological warfare research facility — is
located just 9 miles from Wuhan Seafood Wholesale Market, the claimed epicenter of the
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak.
Wuhan Institute of Virology is also connected with the recent,
major scandal in Canada where two Chinese virologists working at
Canada’s only Pathogen Level 4 virology laboratory, the National
Microbiology Lab (NML) in Winnipeg were caught stealing and
smuggling some of the most deadly viruses on earth, including the
Ebola virus, back to China. The suspects — a Chinese couple,
virologist Dr. Xiangguo Qui and biologist Dr. Keding Cheng — are
now suspected to be connected to China’s biological warfare
program. Her husband, Dr. Qiu, was head of the Vaccine
Development and Antiviral Therapies Section in the Special
Pathogens Program at the NML. Dr. Keding Cheng, also affiliated
with the NML, specifically the “Science and Technology Core,” is
primarily a bacteriologist who shifted to virology.
And quite possibly, one of the pilfered viral samples may include
coronavirus. On May 4, 2013, NML’s Scientific Director Frank
Plummer received a shipment of coronavirus from a Dutch
virologist, who in turn had received it from an Egyptian virologist
treating a Saudi Arabian who contracted it. The Canadian lab grew
stocks of the virus, and then experimented upon animals to see
what they could infect with it. At the present time, it is uncertain if
this strain of coronavirus ended up in China in the hands of the
Chinese Biological Warfare program, but since Wuhan Institute of
Biological Products — a known, confirmed participant in the
Communist regime’s biowarfare scheme — is only about 22 miles
from Wuhan Institute of Virology, and only 9 miles away from
Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, anything is possible.
Similarly, and perhaps connected, is the recent indictment of
Charles Lieber, Chair of Harvard University’s Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Biology. Prosecutors claim he had a
contract with Wuhan Institute of Virology. Reports CBS, “It
appears China paid Lieber hundreds of thousands of dollars over
the years for his involvement with the Chinese entities and for his
work on research for Chinese gain,” said U.S. Attorney for
Massachusetts Andrew Lelling.” Lieber lied about his links to
Wuhan Institute of Virology, report Tonya Alanez and Travis
Andersen of the Boston Globe. “Federal authorities said Charles
Lieber, a prominent nanoscientist and a prolific inventor and
entrepreneur, received hundreds of thousands of dollars from his
Chinese connections.” Details about the extent of Lieber’s illicit
and illegal conspiracy with the institute have yet to emerge. So this
means, significantly, that not only are there Chinese nationals
allegedly being recruited from Wuhan Institute of Virology to
penetrate foreign P4 biosafety laboratories abroad and smuggle
the spoils back home, but it also appears Americans and
Canadians may be complicit in aiding the Chinese biowarfare
program.
In short, although there are actually two laboratories in Wuhan
linked to the Chinese biowarfare program — only one is certified
for coronaviruses and only one is caught in the midst of all the
recent international espionage intrigue — the new Pathogen Level
4-rated National Biosafety Laboratory at Wuhan Institute of
Virology. And whether this enigmatic facility is a philanthropic,
health services-related institute, a covert, biological warfare
research installation, or some combination of the two — remains
to be officially disclosed. So what on earth could the scientists
sequestered at Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory have been up
to in their brand new, state-of-the-art biotech base for two and a
half years, if it wasn’t officially in operation? And what have they
been doing since their second opening in 2018?
Scientists at Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory research coronaviruses, Ebola, and other
deadly pathogens.
Well, storing, researching, and experimenting with numerous
fulminant disease pathogens, of course. After all, the lab is
“preservation center for virus seeds, a fulminant disease pathogen
storage facility, a reference laboratory of WHO, a node for disease
network, and finally…a core in China’s emerging disease research
network.” Basically, in all of China, Wuhan National Biosafety
Laboratory is the only place to store and experiment with the most
lethal, most virulent, most rapidly-spreading disease pathogens
known to humanity. The lab is in “the central region of Central
China, with mountains at three directions, convenient
transportation and relatively independent environment” [sic]. And
convenient it is, as you can play with Ebola, SARS, Hantavirus,
and assorted coronaviruses in the morning…and then hop in your
car and have some bat soup for lunch at the Huanan Seafood
Wholesale Market on the other side of the Yangtze River. Maybe
BYOB — bring your own bat?
Once Wuhan Institute of Virology formally put their brand new
Cellular Level Biosafety Level 4 Laboratory into operation, we can
safely take their word that they followed up on their promise to
“conduct research for natural focal viruses including Ebola virus
and other emerging viruses, such as researches [sic] on rapid
detection system, molecular epidemiology, infectious disease
etiology, therapeutic antibody, vaccine and drug evaluation, and
assessment on biological risk factors, thus building a biosafety
platform in China for emerging and fulminant infectious diseases
in terms of isolation and identification of pathogen, building of
infection models, vaccine development, biological containment
and research on mechanism of interaction between pathogen and
the host.” And one thing we know they worked on is the Origin
and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses, pioneered by none
other than the enormously qualified, highly-decorated, and
widely-respected Professor Zhengli Shi, Senior Scientist and
Principal Investigator.
Who is Professor Zhengli Shi and what is her relevance
to Wuhan Institute of Virology and the National
Biosafety Laboratory?
Professor Zhengli Shi, Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator of Wuhan National Biosafety
Laboratory.
Do you believe in coincidences? Because it just so happens that
Prof. Zhengli has been ardently researching and experimenting
with coronaviruses for years at Wuhan Institute of Virology —
even before ground was broken over a decade ago on the new P4
National Biosafety Laboratory. Interestingly, the scientist seems
uniquely perfect for her role — like a “Neo” figure in a laboratory
version of The Matrix. In fact, Prof. Zhengli has been Senior
Scientist and Principal Investigator of Wuhan Insititute of
Virology for the last 20 years, initially starting as a Research
Assistant in 1990 before upgrading to Research Scientist in 1993,
serving in that role until 1995. Aside from a 5-year leave from 1995
to 2000 to get her PhD at University of Montpellier in France,
she’s been at the Institute for an amazing 30 years.
Notably, starting in 2014, Prof. Zhengli began to win particularly
large sums of grant funding for the express purpose of researching
and experimenting with coronaviruses — often receiving
numerous, overlapping grants for the same time period. What’s
just as interesting is where a lot of this funding originated — the
US government. On January 6, 2014, Prof. Zhengli received a
US$665,000 grant from the National Institute of Health for a
study named The Ecology of Bat Coronaviruses and the Risk of
Future Coronavirus Emergence (NIAID R01 AI1 10964) and then
four days later on January 10, 2014, an additional US$559,500
grant from the United States Agency of International Development
for research studied entitled Emerging Pandemic Threats
PREDICT 2_China (Project No. AID-OAA-A-14–00102).
On top of these lucrative American grants she concurrently
received similarly significant grants from the National Basic
Research program of China, the Chinese Academy of Science, the
National Natural Science Foundation of China, and from the
Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of
Sciences totaling over US$2,500,000 for researching interspecies
transmission of zoonotic viruses, the identification, genetic
evolution and pathogenesis of bat viruses, the genetic variation of
pathogens in Africa, the evolution mechanism of the adaptation of
bat SARS-related coronaviruses to host receptor molecules, the
risk of interspecies infection, genetic evolution and transmission
mechanism of important bat-borne viruses, and pathogen biology
studies on novel swine coronaviruses.
In just the past five years alone, Prof. Zhengli Shi has almost US$10 million in grants to study
coronaviruses.
We can quite safely conclude that when it comes to interspecies
coronaviruses, Professor Zhengli Shi is a bona fide Jedi master. In
fact, her Wikipedia page credits her and her colleague, Cui Jie,
with the actual discovery that the SARS virus originated in bats.
Her noted “Research Interests” on her C.V. include “Discovery of
unknown viruses in wild animals especially bats, molecular
epidemiology of emerging zoonotic viruses, and interspecies
infection mechanism of zoonotic viruses.” Prof. Zhengli appears to
be one of the world’s leading bat virologists — and most definitely
the leading bat virologist in China. Indeed, her C.V. explicitly
states,
“Prof. Zhengli Shi ’s researches focus on the molecular
epidemiology and interspecies infection discovery and
characterization of novel viruses in bats and other wildlife. She has
gain [sic] rich expertise on pathogen biology of coronaviruses and
other emerging viruses of bat origin, virus discovery, virus
evolution, and development of diagnostic technologies for
emerging viruses. Prof Shi has identified ultimately the animal
origin of SARS, by discovering genetically diverse bat SARS related
coronaviruses (SARSr CoV), isolating bat SARSr CoVs highly
homologous to SARS CoV that are able to the same receptor [sic]
as SARS CoV, and revealing the potential recombination origin of
SARS CoV. She has discovered a large number of novel viruses
from Chinese bat populations, including viruses with potential
public health significance.”
Unsurprisingly, Prof. Zhengli has been featured as a key presenter
at over two dozen international virology conferences, the latest
being From SARS to SADS: predict of emerging infectious
diseases, held at UC Berkeley in the summer of 2018. Her
presentations at the next five most recent conferences all relate
specifically to the genetic evolution and interspecies infection of
bat coronaviruses. A complete list of Prof. Zhengli’s conference
presentations may be found in Appendix B.
Nearly all of Prof. Zhengli’s recent conference presentations relate to bat coronaviruses. Do you
believe in coincidences?
Prof. Zhengli has been or is currently a professional member of the
Chinese Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2000–
2016), the Chinese Society for Microbiology (2002-present), the
American Society for Microbiology (2007-present), and the
Scientific Committee of the DIVERSITAS ecoHEALTH Core
Project (2014–2016). She has served on the Editorial Board of
Virologica Sinica (2016–2016), on the Editorial Board of Journal
of Medical Virology (2015–2017), and on the Editorial Board of
Virology (2017–2019). She was Associate Editor of Virology
Journal (2016–2018), and Editor-in-Chief of Virologica Sinica
(2017–2019). Prof. Zhengli is also the recipient of numerous,
prestigious awards and honors, including the Natural Science
Award of Hubei Province, China (First Prize and Second Prize),
Outstanding Scientist of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and
Outstanding Research Article on Natural Science (Grand Prize and
Second Prize).
OK, but how is Prof. Zhengli relevant to the current new
outbreak of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV?
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak in Wuhan, China — where the National Biosafety Laboratory
is located — causes a massive quarantine of 11 million citizens.
Chinese scientists, researchers, and doctors examining the
emergent 2019-nCoV Coronavirus report that the new viral
menace appears to be “a recombinant virus between the bat
coronavirus and an origin-unknown coronavirus. The
recombination occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which
recognizes cell surface receptor.” But Prof. Zhengli appears to have
worked with recombinant Coronavirus derivations involving viral
spike proteins for over a decade at Wuhan Institute of Virology, all
the way back to 2006 and up to as recently as December, 2019 —
the very month that 2019-nCoV Coronavirus was first reported
as having infected visitors at Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market
just down the road from her laboratory!
The day before the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak, this report was published. Do you believe
in coincidences?
In fact, on the day before the new coronavirus would find its
first victims just 8.6 miles away at the market on December 12,
2019, Prof. Zhengli and her team published the study entitled
Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of
coronavirus entry on December 11, 2019. The abstract reads,
“Coronavirus spike protein mediates viral entry into cells by first
binding to a receptor on host cell surface and then fusing viral and
host membranes. Our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism
for antibody-enhanced viral entry and can guide future
vaccination and antiviral strategies. This study reveals complex
roles of antibodies in viral entry and can guide future vaccine
design and antibody-based drug therapy.”
And immediately after this study was published — literally the
following day — the first victims became infected with what would
soon be named Coronavirus 2019-nCoV began to get infected…just
a few miles away from Prof. Zhengli’s laboratory. And as The Sun
reports, victims of the new coronavirus are infected via a strong
binding affinity to a human protein called ACE2,” in precisely the
identical manner as Prof. Zhengli’s just-discovered “novel
molecular mechanism” identified (or engineered) literally weeks if
not days before. Do you believe in coincidences?
Let’s say that’s just a coincidence Prof. Zhengli published
a study or two specifically on bat coronaviruses. Have
there been others?
How much time you got? The above study, specifically relating to
human host cell binding and entry of coronavirus infection, and
published the day beforethe first viral infections were reported at
a location adjacent Prof. Zhengli’s laboratory, is far from the only
study in which she has directed on the subject. The scientist’s
entire virology history is rife with hands-on experience with
coronaviruses, with especial attention devoted to understanding
their spike protein properties, as related to potentiality of human
cell entry and infection. In June 2016’s study, Bat Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus WIV1 Encodes an Extra
Accessory Protein, ORFX, Involved in Modulation of the Host
Immune Response she writes that what was important was that
bats “harbor genetically diverse SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-
CoVs), and some of them have the potential for interspecies
transmission.” She further states that her team created a “reverse
genetics system” that would be helpful for “study of the
pathogenesis of this group of viruses and to develop therapeutics
for future control of emerging SARS-like infections.”
In a letter to the editor of SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences
published in November, 2017, entitled Cross-neutralization of
SARS coronavirus-specific antibodies against bat SARS-like
coronaviruses, Prof. Zhengli warns that severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is considered to be an
emerging zoonotic pathogen crossing species barriers to infect
humans, and that the spike protein of the virus’ RNA genome
plays a key role in human cellular entry.
In that same month, the results of a study Prof. Zhengli conducted,
Serological evidence of bat SARS-related coronavirus infection in
humans, China indicated that some SARSr-CoVs may have high
potential to infect human cells, without the necessity for an
intermediate host.
In 2016, one of the Directors at Wuhan Institute of Virology
posted the annual Director’s Message, of which the following
finding was the top announcement: “The live SARS-like
coronavirus SL-CoV-WIV1 has been isolated for the first time from
the bat droppings; and such virus has been confirmed to invade
the host cells through the ACE2 of human beings, civets and
Rhinolophus sinicus. The research result has so far provided the
most convincing evidence to the view that Rhinolophus sinicus is
the natural host of SARS-CoV (Nature, 2013).” Does this not
sound precisely like Coronavirus 2019-nCoV, which invades the
host cells through the ACE2 protein? At any rate, since Prof.
Zhengli is Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator of both the
Emerging Viruses Group and the National Biosafety Laboratory,
this is squarely her turf; the current outbreak seems amazingly
similar.
In a study conducted in September of 2015, Two Mutations Were
Critical for Bat-to-Human Transmission of Middle East
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Prof. Zhengli and team
successfully achieved viral entry (bat-to-human transmission)of
bat coronavirus HKU4 via its spike protein by performing two
small mutations. Doing so also helped explain how MERS
coronavirus was able to infect humans as well.
It was in 2015’s study, Isolation and Characterization of a Novel
Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the Direct Progenitor of
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus that Prof.
Zhengli and team highlighted “the likelihood of future bat
coronavirus emergence in humans” by isolating a new bat
coronavirus closer to SARS-CoV in genomic sequence, particularly
in its spike gene. “Cell entry and susceptibility studies indicated
that this virus can…infect animal and human cell lines,” they
concluded.
And in 2010’s Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) proteins
of different bat species confer variable susceptibility to SARS-CoV
entry Prof Zhengli and her team of scientists “extended [their]
previous study to ACE2 molecules from seven additional bat
species and tested their interactions with human SARS-CoV spike
protein using both HIV-based pseudotype and live SARS-CoV
infection assays.”
Even earlier in 2010, Prof. Zhengli published, Bat and virus, a
keystone study identifying bats “as a natural reservoir of emerging
and reemerging infectious pathogens,” emphasizing that an
astonishing amount (more than 70, at the time) and genetic
diversity of viruses isolated from the bat have been identified in
different populations throughout the world. She stresses that
many viruses were found in apparently healthy bats, suggesting
that bats may have a particularly robust immune system or
“antiviral activity against virus infections.”
In 2009’s Immunogenicity difference between the SARS
coronavirus and the bat SARS-like coronavirus spike (S)
proteins, Prof. Zhengli and her team concluded “SARS-like
coronavirus (SL-CoV) in bats have a similar genomic organization
to the human SARS-CoV.” And notably, that this work “provides
useful information for future development of differential serologic
diagnosis and vaccines for coronaviruses with different S [spike]
protein sequences.”
Prof. Zhengli’s research in 2009’s Differential stepwise evolution
of SARS coronavirus functional proteins in different host species
produced results that supported the hypothesis that “SARS-CoV
originated from bats and that the spill over into civets and humans
were more recent events.”
Moving even further back in time to 2007, Prof. Zhengli worked
on Determination and application of immunodominant regions
of SARS coronavirus spike and nucleocapsid proteins recognized
by sera from different animal species, producing assays that
would be a “useful tool to trace the origin and transmission of
SARS-CoV and to minimise the risk of animal-to-human
transmission.”
It appears that 2006 was the year Prof. Zhengli first researched
recombinant spike proteins along with other distinctive genome
sequences resulting from the interaction of bat, palm civet, and
human isolates. “Full-length genome sequences of two SARS-like
coronaviruses in horseshoe bats and genetic variation analysis.”
Basically, she is tremendously versatile and adept in her research
whenever she encounters these recombinant spikes proteins in
viral interactions.
Moreover, it’s not just coronaviruses from bats that she and her
team have discovered and explored, but also diverse novel
viruses/virus antibodies in bats, including adenoviruses, adeno-
associated viruses, circoviruses, paramyxoviruses, and filoviruses.
In fact, Prof. Zhengli has coauthored over an astounding 130
publications on viral pathogen identification, diagnosis and
epidemiology — nearly all of which commandeered at Wuhan
Institute of Virology where the National Biosafety Laboratory is
located and where she reigns as Head of the Department. In fact,
on the World Society for Virology website, Prof. Zhengli’s profile
confirms that one of her great contributions was to “uncover
genetically diverse SARS-like coronaviruses in bats with her
international collaborators and provide unequivocal evidence that
bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV.” Thus, her adeptness in
the specialized field of bat virology — especially where
transmission to humans is concerned — is inarguable.
Such an expansive personal history of expertise into coronaviruses
is not only impressive, but unique, and the bulk of her 30-year
career at Wuhan Institute Virology seems to have been dedicated
primarily to the examination and exploration of all facets of
interspecies (though primarily bat) pathogenic infection of
coronaviruses into human host cells. For reference, you can check
Appendix A for the sum total of all her published (or otherwise
unclassified or declassified) studies at the end of this essay. Prof.
Zhengli’s absolute mastery of bat-to-human transmission of
viruses via their spike protein binding with human cell receptors is
virtually conclusive and unrivalled.
Unanswered Questions About the Coronavirus 2019-
nCoV Outbreak in Wuhan
In Prof. Zhengli’s March 2019 study, Bat Coronaviruses in China,
she proves seemingly prophetic, writing that it was “highly likely
that future SARS- or MERS-like coronavirus outbreaks will
originate from bats, and there is an increased probability that this
will occur in China. Therefore, the investigation of bat
coronaviruses becomes an urgent issue for the detection of early
warning signs, which in turn minimizes the impact of such future
outbreaks in China.” Just nine months later, 2019-nCoV rears its
viral head, less than 10 miles from her labatory: how did Prof.
Zhengli know?
The Sun cited a Nature.com report voicing warnings given back in
2017 “that a deadly SARS-like virus could escape from lab [sic] in
Wuhan set up to study some of the world’s deadliest diseases.” The
worries surrounding Wuhan’s laboratory surfaced almost an entire
year before the Chinese government announced its official
commencement of operation in January, 2018. And likely with
good cause, as the “SARS virus [had] escaped from high-level
containment facilities in Beijing multiple times, notes Richard
Ebright, a molecular biologist at Rutgers University in Piscataway,
New Jersey.” However, the article in The Sun exaggerates the
distance from Wuhan’s National Biosafety Laboratory to Huanan
Market, erroneously claiming that it’s 20 miles away, instead of
8.6 miles, and also states that Dr. Ebright reportedly said “at this
point there’s no reason to harbor suspicious that the facility had
anything to do with the outbreak.” Seriously? Does Dr. Ebright
believe in coincidences?
Another new article from The Sun published January 23, 2020,
reports a “new study was carried out jointly by the Chinese
Academy of Sciences, the People’s Liberation Army and Institut
Pasteur of Shanghai, revealing that the coronavirus has a strong
binding affinity to a human protein called ACE2.” But Zhengli and
her team mates have been aware of the susceptibility of ACE2 to
SARS and coronavirus infection for at least the last ten years,
publishing their studies with the US National Library of Medicine
and with other prominent industry repositories.
So we are left with the following pressing, unanswered questions
about Prof. Zhengli, the Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory,
and the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak in Wuhan:

1. Why are the Chinese authorities seemingly ignoring the

Wuhan Institute Virology’s contemporaneous
coronavirus study (culminating in a Dec. 11, 2019 report,
published the day before the outbreak) conducted at the
Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory, located just 8.6
miles distant from the claimed epicenter of pandemic
origin, Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market? Why is the
media not reporting this?
2. Why are most media reports covering the coronavirus
still misreporting the source of the virus’ genome
sequence as snakes instead of bats?

3. Since the Wuhan Institute of Virology has already

isolated live, novel SARS-like Coronavirus SL-CoV-WIV1
from bat droppings in 2016, and such virus has been
confirmed to invade the host cells through the ACE2 of
human beings just like the new, emergent Coronavirus
2019-nCoV — have the two coronaviruses been
compared with each other? Was there a vaccine
developed from Coronavirus SL-CoV-WIV1 that can be
tested on victims of the latest outbreak? After all, it’s
been about four years now.

4. Has any formal investigation been launched into any

role the Wuhan Institute of Virology (and specifically, its
Classification P4 Biosafety Laboratory) may have played
in the pandemic outbreak?

5. Did the new coronavirus penetrate the biosecurity

measures of Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory? Did
some bats mount a successful escape?

6. Did any scientists, researchers, professors, observers,

students, or other staff persons working at or visiting the
Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory visit the Huanan
Seafood Market in the first twelve days of December,
2019?

7. Since the original technology for viral confinement at

the Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory was
developed in France, and since most of its actual,
functional equipment was imported from France — has
the laboratory received ongoing certification inspections
from French officials, given its lengthy, ongoing
 activities using Class 4 pathogens (P4) — the most
virulent viruses that pose the highest risk of aerosol-
transmitted person-to-person infections? If so, where
are the certification test results?

8. Has the Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory been

regularly inspected and audited by Chinese government
health officials, especially by Li Bin, minister of the
National Health and Family Planning Commission? If
so, where are the inspection and audit results?

9. Could there have been either a staff person or visitor

who smuggled out the coronavirus from the laboratory?
(After all, a Chinese national was just arrested at
Harvard University for attempting to smuggle research
vials back to China at the same time when the
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak started.)

10. At any time did Prof. Zhengli Shi — who

simultaneously currently holds the multiple titles of
Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator, Director of
the Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Director of
BSL-3 Labatory, Director of the Committee of Biosafety,
Director of Chinese Academy Sciences (CAS) Key
Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, and Vice
Director of BSL-4 Laboratory at Wuhan Institute of
Virology, CAS — ever work directly or indirectly for the
CCP military services or military intelligence
community?

11.Did Prof. Zhengli previously or does she currently co-

conduct, coparticipate, collaborate, or collude with CCP
military service members or military intelligence
members?
12. Do members of the CCP military services or
military intelligence contribute or participate in any
manner or conduct viral research at the Wuhan National
Biosafety Laboratory?

13. Did Prof. Zhengli or any other faculty member at

the Wuhan Institute of Virology take possession, either
illicitly or officially, of any biological substance, whether
pathogen, vaccine, or other biomatter, originating from
the United States or Canada?

14. Why did the US National Institute of Health (NIH)

grant Prof. Zhengli $665,000 in 2014 to fund her study,
The ecology of bat coronaviruses and the risk of future
coronavirus emergence? What did the US receive in
return?

15.Why did the United States Agency of International

Development grant Prof. Zhengli $559,500 to fund her
study, Emerging Pandemic Threats PREDICT
2_China? What did the US receive in return?

16. Why did Prof. Zhengli receive funding from U.S.

Department of Defense, the U.S. Defense Threat
Reduction Agency (the agency which deals specifically
with Weapons of Mass Destruction), the U.S.
Biological Defense Research Directorate of the Naval
Medical Research Center, and the Department of Atomic
of the Government of India?

17.What other professional relationships with U.S. defense

agencies does Prof. Zhengli have currently, or
previously, in any capacity?

18. When Prof. Zhengli received a visa to the United

States to present at the Cell Symposium: Emerging and
 Re-emerging Viruses 2017 conference in Arlington,
Virginia, did she visit the Pentagon or meet with
Pentagon officials, since it was less than a mile away?

19. When Prof. Zhengli received a visa to the United

States to present at the US-China Workshop on
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution of Infectious
Diseases conference at UC Berkeley in 2018, did she
visit Federal research facility, Lawrence-Berkeley-
Livermore Laboratory — in particular, the Department
of Energy’s Joint Genome Institute — or meet with
government officials, since it was only a mile and a half
away?

20. Prof. Zhengli’s C.V. indicates she received a visa to

the United States to present at the U.S.-China Dialogue
on the Challenges of Emerging Infections, Laboratory
Safety and Global Health Security conference on
January 17, 2018, in Galveston, Texas. However, such a
conference appears to not have existed. For what
purpose did she really come to Galveston — perhaps to
visit the Galveston National Laboratory, a high security
National Biocontainment Laboratory housing several
Biosafety Level 4 research laboratories, one of the only
15 biosecurity Level 4 facilities in the United States and
the largest one in the world located on an academic
campus? Was this apparently imaginary conference
merely a ruse for a surreptitious rendezvous?

21. Of Prof. Zhengli’s 130 published scientific studies,

5 of them are not to be found anywhere. Why are they
not public? Are they classified?

22. Has Prof. Zhengli (or any other staff, resident or

guest scientists, researchers, students, visitors, or
others) at the Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory, or
 at Wuhan Institute of Virology in general, collaborated,
participated with, colluded with, or in any way
professionally acted in concert or collusion with, or in
any way worked with or for, the World Economic
Forum, the U.S. Center for Disease Control, the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation, the Pilbright Institute, the
European Commission, the World Health Organization,
the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research
Council, or the John Hopkins Center for Health
Security?

23. Prof. Zhengli recently (January 23, 2020) claimed

to know very little about the latest epidemic outbreak,
including basic biology, animal source, or any specific
treatment, and indicated she doesn’t know if ACE2
targeting drugs could treat Coronavirus 2019-nCoV
infected victims. How can this be the case, given that she
has studied human ACE2/coronavirus interaction for
many years — even most recently in her study
immediately preceding the outbreak — as reported in
Prof. Zhengli’s study published the day immediately
preceding the outbreak? “The full-length genes of
MERS-CoV spike (GenBank accession number 415
AFS88936.1), SARS-CoV spike (GenBank accession
number AFR58742), human DPP4 416 (GenBank
accession number NM_001935.3) and human ACE2
(GenBank accession 417 number NM_021804) were
synthesized (GenScript Biotech).”

24. Considering Prof. Zhengli is the recipient of

millions of dollars in grants and salaries, commands one
of the world’s leading, most advanced biosafety
laboratories, has performed innumerable research
studies into coronaviruses for three decades and
counting — what vaccines, to date, has she successfully
 produced? Has she produced any successful
coronavirus vaccines at all? If so, where are they and
how have they been publicly administered?
Summary, conclusion, and just a wee bit of speculation
The facts presented herein compel an alternative theory as to the
origin of the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak. The truth remains
to be formally investigated whether infected viral bio-matter from
the National Biosafety Laboratory at Wuhan Institute of Virology
— the only lab of its kind in all of China and under expressed
safety concerns for almost a year — somehow escaped. And, if so,
it also remains to be seen whether such a viral release and
subsequent viral infection was accidental or intentional. In any
event, the following observations and concerns seem to place
considerable suspicion on the laboratory — and its Senior Scientist
and Principal Investigator, Prof. Zhengli Shi — and its
contemporaneous coronavirus research activity at the exact time
of the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak officially reported at a
location conveniently just 8.6 miles distant at Huanan Seafood
Wholesale Market, just across the Yangtze River:

1. The National Biosafety Laboratory at Wuhan Institute of

Virology is the only high-level P4 facility of its kind in all
of China, literally the only place where high contagious
and infectious pathogens and diseases such as Ebola,
SARS, MERS, and assorted coronaviruses can be
“safely” studied, mutated, and engineered.

2. The professional background, experience, and

qualifications of the Wuhan National Biosafety
Laboratory’s Senior Scientist and Principal Investigator
— Professor Zhengli Shi — is nonpareil. She has
commandeered, produced and/or co-authored over 130
scientific studies, including dozens of reports specifically
on coronaviruses. So specialized and talented is she that
 the even the United States has granted her over $1
million for her research conducted in China.

3. It cannot be overstated the importance and implication

of the short distance between the Wuhan National
Biosafety Laboratory and the reported epicenter of
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak — the Huanan
Seafood Wholesale Market — of only 8.6 miles. With a
total area of 3.8 million square miles, and a breadth of
about 3,000 miles, these two locations are relatively-
speaking right next to each other. Even before the lab’s
government-announced formal operational opening,
American scientists and biosafety experts had expressed
their concerns for the laboratory, especially its proximity
to the relatively large population of Wuhan, capital city
of Hubei province.

4. At the time of the new coronavirus outbreak, or

immediately preceding it, Prof. Zhengli was actively
conducting coronavirus experiments and research at the
Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory. Notably, the
very next day following the publishing of her
coronavirus study on December 11, 2019, the first
victims of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV were reported, as
confessed by Prof. Zhengli herself in her most recent,
latest report, posted online on January 23, 2020: “The
epidemic, started from December 12th, 2019, has caused
198 laboratory confirmed infections with three fatal
cases by January 20th, 2020.”

5. Most alarming is the apparent, glaring disingenuousness

of Prof. Zhengli’s latest report, which is the only public
statement since the official Chinese acknowledgement of
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak in Wuhan. On
 January 23, 2020, she published the report with the
allegedly misleading statements:
“Finally, based on our results, it should be expected and worth to
test if ACE2 targeting or SARS-CoV targeting drugs can be used
for nCoV-2019 patients. At this stage, we know very little about the
virus, including basic biology, animal source or any specific
treatment. The almost identical sequences of this virus in different
patients imply a probably recent introduction in humans, thus
future surveillance on viral mutation and transmission ability and
further global research attention are urgently needed.”
However, other Chinese scientists reported on January 22, 2020,
“Results obtained from our analyses suggest that the 2019-nCoV
appears to be a recombinant virus between the bat coronavirus
and an origin-unknown coronavirus. The recombination occurred
within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes cell surface
receptor.” Our findings suggest “that homologous recombination
within the spike glycoprotein may contribute to cross-species
transmission.” Although this other scientific team incorrectly
attributes the originating species as reptilian (snake) instead of
bats, they at least rapidly identified the coronavirus as a
recombinant virus with one of the contributors being a bat
coronavirus, and also discerned in what manner the genetic
recombination occurred to allow for human infection: in a viral
spike protein which recognized the cell surface receptor. But as
shown previously, this precise area of coronavirus study involving
spike protein and cell surface receptor was the focus of Prof.
Zhengli’s contemporaneous December 2019 study published the
day before the epidemic started. “Coronavirus spike protein
mediates viral entry into cells by first binding to a receptor on host
cell surface and then fusing viral and host membranes,” she wrote.
Why would she feign ignorance about this?
Even more concerning, on October 31, 2019, Prof. Zhengli had
published a report entitled Filovirus-reactive antibodies in
humans and bats in Northeast India imply zoonotic spillover,
curiously funded by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S.
Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the U.S. Biological
Defense Research Directorate of the Naval Medical
Research Center, and the Department of Atomic Energy of
the Government of India, and edited by a microbiologist employed
by the U.S. Center for Disease Control.
U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency? Can viruses from bats be used as weapons of mass
destruction?
Of note is the fact that the Defense Threat Reduction Agency is an
agency within the U.S. Department of Defense and is the official
Combat Support Agency for countering weapons of mass
destruction. Why would they be funding this project? Could it
be that these coronaviruses with filovirus reactive antibodies are
being weaponised? Are they really that dangerous? Could they
actually be employed as a weapon of mass destruction? Well, let’s
a take a look at what Prof. Zhengli was studying, filovirus surface
glycoproteins:
Bats are reservoirs for several zoonotic pathogens, including
filoviruses. High risk activities at the bat-human interface pose the
threat of zoonotic virus transmission. We present evidence for
prior exposure of bat harvesters and two resident fruit bat species
to filovirus surface glycoproteins. Our results indicate circulation
of several filoviruses in bats and the possibility for filovirus
transmission from bats to humans. Filoviruses, including
ebolaviruses and marburgviruses, are pathogens with epidemic
potential. They were previously detected in bats and have caused
disease outbreaks in humans with a high case fatality rate. Our
findings suggest bats in South Asia act as a reservoir host of a
diverse range of filoviruses and filovirus spillover occurs through
human exposure to these bats.
Thus, it’s readily apparent that just from this single project that
Prof. Zhengli was quite aware that pathogenic viruses from bats
could transmit from bats to humans via filovirus surface
glycoproteins, with potentially epidemic consequences. Could our
brilliant, pioneering, decorated Senior Scientist and Principal
Investigator of the only Level P4 Biosafety Laboratory in China be
feigning ignorance presently to deflect discovery of her
connections to four major defense agencies and her possible
stewardship of a brand-new bioactive weapon of mass
destruction? At this point, only speculation is possible…but if
we’re going to speculate, let’s take one step more, shall we?
Could there be a another study previously spearheaded by Prof.
Zhengli whose findings may have attracted multiple American
defense departments for such a project with epidemic potential?
Perhaps we can find the answer in the study, Discovery of Novel
Bat Coronaviruses in South China That Use the Same Receptor as
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, a seemingly
important and relevant 2018 project where Prof. Zhengli provided
evidence of a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
(MERS-CoV) “derived from the great evening bat that uses the
same host receptor as human MERS-CoV. This virus also provides
evidence for a natural recombination event between the bat
MERS-related CoV and another bat coronavirus, HKU4”
(emphasis added). The purpose of this study was “the prevention
and control of the spread of MERS-CoV to humans.” It pertains
precisely to the implications presented by the current Coronavirus
2019-nCoV, which were identified by the other group of Chinese
scientists as a bat-involved, recombinant virus with a viral spike
protein, recognizing cell surface receptor and so able to infect
human cells.
And yet another highly relevant study with the potential to capture
the attention of biowarfare officials in United States defense
departments is Discovery of a Rich Gene Pool of Bat SARS-related
Coronaviruses Provides New Insights Into the Origin of SARS
Coronavirus, published in November 2017, where Prof. Zhengli
and her colleagues conducted cell entry studies which
“demonstrated that three newly identified SARSr-CoVs [SARS-
related coronaviruses] with different [spike] protein sequences
are all able to use human ACE2 as the receptor, further
exhibiting the close relationship between strains in this cave and
SARS-CoV. This work provides new insights into the origin and
evolution of SARS-CoV and highlights the necessity of
preparedness for future emergence of SARS-like diseases”
(emphasis added).
All of the studies cited here appear related and interconnected,
and considering the involvement of American defense agencies —
in particular, the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency which
deals exclusively with matters pertaining to weapons of mass
destruction and threat networks — there seems ample reason to be
gravely concerned. And that concern remains whether there’s
reason to suspect coronaviruses could be used by others as
bioweapons of mass destruction, or that rogue, Deep State
operatives within our own defense departments — colluding with
Communists — are developing or have already developed a
bioweapon of mass destruction.
In conclusion, though admittedly much investigation remains to
be performed (especially into the numerous unanswered questions
posed in this essay), it seems the likeliest source of origin for
Coronavirus 2019-nCoV is the Wuhan National Biosafety
Laboratory at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Further, it appears
to me that, at best, there may be concerted efforts to conceal the
precise nature of the virus, its source, and the parties responsible,
or that, at worst, the dissemination of the epidemic coronavirus is
intentional. Could the actual RNA genome source, sequencing and
recombination of the coronavirus already be known, and could its
vaccine have already been developed? Could it already be
patented? Essentially, is this latest global pandemic threat a
Communist cover-up, or a pandemic bioweapon of mass
destruction developed by the global Deep State?
Appendix A: Professor Zhengli Shi’s published scientific
papers
1. Zhou, P., # Fan, H., # Lan, T., # Yang, X-L, Shi, W-F, Zhang, W.,
Zhu. Y., Zhang, Y-W., Xie, Q-M., Mani, S., Zheng, X-S., Li, B., Li,
J-M., Guo, H., Pei, G-Q., An, X-P., Chen J-W., Zhou, L., Mai, K-J.,
Wu, Z-X., Li, D., Anderson, D.E., Zhang, L-B., Li, S-Y., Mi, Z-Q.,
He, T-T., Cong, F., Guo, P-J., Huang, R., Luo, Y., Liu, X-L., Chen,
J., Huang, Y., Sun, Q., Zhang, X-L-L., Wang, Y-Y., Xing, S-Z.,
Chen, Y-S., Sun, Y., Li, J., Daszak, P.*, Wang, L-F.*, Shi, Z-L.*,
Tong, Y-G.*, Ma, J-Y.* (2018). Fatal swine acute diarrhoea
syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin.
Nature, 556 (7700): 255–258.
2. Xie, J.Z., Li, Y., Shen, X., Goh, G., Zhu, Y., Wang, L-F., Cui, J.,
Shi, Z-L.,* Zhou, P.* (2018). Dampened STING-dependent
interferon activation in bats. Cell Host Microbe, 23(3): 297–301
e4.
3. Li, W., Wang, B., Li, B., Zhang, W., Zhu, Y., Shi, Z. L. & Yang,
X. L*. (2018). Genomic Characterization of a novel hepatovirus
from great roundleaf bats in China. Virol Sin 33 (1), 108–110.
4. Luo, C. M., Wang, N., Yang, X. L., Liu, H. Z., Zhang, W., Li, B.,
Hu, B., Peng, C., Geng, Q. B., Zhu, G. J., Li, F*. & Shi, Z. L*.
(2018). Discovery of novel bat coronaviruses in South China that
use the same receptor as Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus. J Virol 92 (13). 10.1128/JVI.00116–18.
5. Luo, Y., Li, B., Jiang, R. D., Hu, B. J., Luo, D. S., Zhu, G. J., Hu,
B., Liu, H. Z., Zhang, Y. Z., Yang, X. L. & Shi, Z. L*. (2018).
Longitudinal surveillance of betacoronaviruses in fruit bats in
Yunnan province, China during 2009–2016. Virol Sin 33 (1), 87–
95.
6. Wang, B., Li, W., Zhou, J. H., Li, B., Zhang, W., Yang, W. H.,
Pan, H., Wang, L. X., Bock, C. T., Shi, Z. L., Zhang, Y. Z*. & Yang,
X. L*. (2018). Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri) and
Pere David’s vole (Eothenomys melanogaster) in China carry
orthohepeviruses that form two putative novel genotypes within
the species orthohepevirus C. Virol Sin 33 (1), 44–58.
7. Wang, N., Li, S. Y., Yang, X. L., Huang, H. M., Zhang, Y. J., Guo,
H., Luo, C. M., Miller, M., Zhu, G., Chmura, A. A., Hagan, E.,
Zhou, J. H., Zhang, Y. Z., Wang, L. F., Daszak, P. & Shi, Z. L*.
(2018). Serological evidence of bat SARS-related coronavirus
infection in humans, China. Virol Sin 33 (1), 104–107.
8. Hu, B., Zeng, L.P., Yang, X.L., Ge, X.Y., Zhang, W., Li, B., Xie,
J.Z., Shen, X.R., Zhang, Y.Z., Wang, N., Luo, D.S., Zheng, X.S.,
Wang, M.N., Daszak, P., Wang, L.F., Cui, J.*, Shi, Z.L*. (2017).
Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses
provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus. PloS
Pathogens 13(11): e1006698.
9. Waruhiu, C#., Ommeh, S#., Obanda, V., Agwanda, B., Gakuya,
F., Ge, X. Y., Yang, X. L., Wu, L. J., Zohaib, A., Hu, B. & Shi, Z.
L*. (2017). Molecular detection of viruses in Kenyan bats and
discovery of novel astroviruses, caliciviruses and rotaviruses. Virol
Sin. 32 (2), 101–114.
10. Zhang, Q., Zeng, L.P., Zhou, P., Irving, A.T., Li, S., Shi, Z.L.*,
Wang, L.F. (2017). IFNAR2-dependent gene expression profile
induced by IFN-α in Pteropus alecto bat cells and impact of
IFNAR2 knockout on virus infection. PloS One. 12(8):e0182866.
11. Wang, B., Cai, C.L, Li, B., Zhang, W., Zhu, Y., Chen, W.H.,
Zhuo, F., Shi, Z.L., Yang,
X.L.* (2017). Detection and characterization of three zoonotic
viruses in wild rodents and shrews from Shenzhen city, China.
Virol Sin. 32(4):290–297.
12. Zeng, L.P., Ge, X.Y., Peng, C., Tai, W.B., Jiang, S.B., Du, L.Y.*,
Shi, Z.L.* (2017). Cross-neutralization of SARS coronavirus-
specific antibodies against bat SARS-like coronaviruses. Sci China
Life Sci. 60(12):1399–1402.
13. Wang, B., Yang, X. L., Li, W., Zhu, Y., Ge, X. Y., Zhang, L. B.,
Zhang, Y. Z., Bock, C. T. & Shi, Z. L.* (2017). Detection and
genome characterization of four novel bat hepadnaviruses and a
hepevirus in China. Virol J. 14:40.
14. Liang, J., Yang, X.L., Li, B., Liu, Q., Zhang, Q., Liu, H., Kan,
H.P., Wong, K.C., Chek, S.N., He, X., Peng, X., Shi, Z.L., Wu, Y.*
& Zhang, L.* (2017). Detection of diverse viruses in alimentary
specimens of bats in Macau. Virol Sin. 32(3):226–234.
15. Ge, X.Y., Yang, W.H., Zhou, J.H., Li, B., Zhang, W., Shi, Z.L.*
& Zhang, Y.Z.* (2017). Detection of alpha- and betacoronaviruses
in rodents from Yunnan, China. Virol J. 14:98.
16. Waruhiu, C., Ommeh, S., Obanda, V., Agwanda, B., Gakuya, F.,
Ge, X.Y., Yang, X.L., Wu, L.J., Zohaib, A., Hu. B., Shi, Z.L.*
(2017). Molecular detection of viruses in Kenyan bats and
discovery of novel astroviruses, caliciviruses and rotaviruses. Virol
Sin. 32(2):101–114.
17. Tan, B., Yang, X. L., Ge, X. Y., Peng, C., Liu, H. Z., Zhang, Y. Z.,
Zhang, L. B. & Shi, Z. L.* (2017). Novel bat adenoviruses with low
G+C content shed new light on the evolution of adenoviruses. J
Gen Virol. 98(4):739–748.
18. Yang, X. L., Zhang, Y. Z., Jiang, R. D., Guo, H., Zhang, W., Li,
B., Wang, N., Wang, L., Waruhiu, C., Zhou, J. H., Li, S. Y., Daszak,
P., Wang, L. F. & Shi, Z. L.* (2017). Genetically Diverse
Filoviruses in Rousettus and Eonycteris spp. Bats, China, 2009
and 2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 23(3):482–486.
19. Tan, B., Wu, L.J., Yang, X.L., Li, B., Zhang, W., Lei, Y.S., Yang,
G.X., Chen, J., Chen, G.,Wang, H.Z., Shi, Z. L.*. (2016). Isolation
and characterization of adenoviruses infecting endangered golden
snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Virol J. 13:190
20. Zeng, L. P., Gao, Y. T., Ge, X. Y., Zhang, Q., Peng, C., Yang, X.
L., Tan, B., Chen, J., Chmura, A. A., Daszak, P. & Shi, Z. L*.
(2016). Bat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus
WIV1 Encodes an Extra Accessory Protein, ORFX, Involved in
Modulation of the Host Immune Response. J Virol 90 (6), 6573–
6582.
21. Tan, B., Yang, X. L., Ge, X. Y., Peng, C., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhang, L.
B. & Shi, Z. L*. (2016). Novel bat adenoviruses with an extremely
large E3 gene. J Gen Virol., 97, 1625–1635.
22. Ge, X. Y., Yang, W. H., Pan, H., Zhou, J. H., Han, X., Zhu, G.
J., Desmond, J. S., Daszak, P., Shi, Z. L*. & Zhang, Y. Z*. (2016).
Fugong virus, a novel hantavirus harbored by the small oriental
vole (Eothenomys eleusis) in China. Virol J., 13, 27.
23. Pan, X., Cao, Z., Yuan, J., Shi, Z., Yuan, X., Lin, L., Xu, Y.,
Yao, J., Hao, G. & Shen, J. (2016). Isolation and Characterization
of a Novel Dicistrovirus Associated with Moralities of the Great
Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Inte J Mol Sci.,
17.
24. Yang, X.-L., Hu, B., Wang, B., Wang, M.-N., Zhang, Q., Zhang,
W., Wu, L.-J., Ge, X.-Y., Zhang, Y.-Z., Daszak, P., Wang, L.-F. &
Shi, Z.-L*.(2016). Isolation and
Characterization of a Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the
Direct Progenitor of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus. J Virol., 90, 3253–3256.
25. Wang, M. N., Zhang, W., Gao, Y. T., Hu, B., Ge, X. Y., Yang, X.
L., Zhang, Y. Z. & Shi, Z. L*. (2016). Longitudinal surveillance of
SARS-like coronaviruses in bats by quantitative real-time PCR.
Virol Sin., 31, 78–80.
26. Ge, X. Y., Wang, N., Zhang, W., Hu, B., Li, B., Zhang, Y. Z.,
Zhou, J. H., Luo, C. M., Yang, X. L., Wu, L. J., Wang, B., Zhang, Y.,
Li, Z. X. & Shi, Z. L*. (2016). Coexistence of multiple
coronaviruses in several bat colonies in an abandoned mineshaft.
Virol Sin., 31, 31–40.
27. Hu, B., Ge X., Wang, L. F., Shi, Z*. (2015). Bat origin of
human coronaviruses. Virol J., 12(1): 221.
28. Liang, Y. Z., Wu, L. J., Zhang, Q., Zhou, P., Wang, M. N, Yang,
X. L, Ge, X. Y, Wang, L. F, Shi, Z. L*. (2015). Cloning, expression,
and antiviral activity of interferon beta from the Chinese microbat,
Myotis davidii. Virol Sin., 30(6):425–432.
29. Yang, X. L., Tan, B., Wang, B., Li, W., Wang, N., Luo, C. M.,
Wang, M. N., Zhang, W., Li, B., Peng, C., Ge, X. Y., Zhang, L.
B.,Shi, Z*.(2015). Isolation and identification of bat viruses
closely related to human, porcine, and mink orthoreoviruses. J
Gen Virol. 96(12):3525–3531.
30. Wang MN, Ge XY, Wu YQ, Yang XL, Tan B, Zhang YJ,Shi
ZL*. 2015. Genetic diversity and temporal dynamics of
phytoplankton viruses in East Lake, china. Virol Sin, 30: 290–
300.
31. Wang Y, Sun Y, Wu A, Xu S, Pan R, Zeng C, Jin X, Ge X, Shi Z,
Ahola T, Chen Y, Guo D*. 2015. Coronavirus nsp10/nsp16
methyltransferase can be targeted by nsp10-derived peptide in
vitro and in vivo to reduce replication and pathogenesis. J Virol,
89: 8416–8427.
32. Yang Y, Liu C, Du L, Jiang S, Shi Z, Baric RS, Li F*. 2015. Two
mutations were critical for bat-to-human transmission of Middle
East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol, 89: 9119–9123.
33. Menachery VD, Yount Jr BL, Debbink K, Agnihothram S,
Gralinski LE, Plante JA, Graham RL, Scobey T, Ge X-Y, Donaldson
EF, Randell SH, Lanzavecchia A, Marasco WA,Shi Z-L, Baric RS*.
2015. A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows
potential for human emergence. Nat Med 21:1508–1513.
34. Mazet JK., Wei Q, Zhao GP, Cummings DT, Desmond JS,
Rosenthal J，King CH., Cao WC, Chmura AA, Hagan EA, Zhang
SY, Xiao XM, Xu JG, Shi Z, Feng F, Liu XP, Pan WQ, Zhu GJ, Zuo
LY & Daszak P. (2015). Joint China-US Call for Employing a
Transdisciplinary Approach to Emerging Infectious Diseases.
EcoHealth, DOI:10.1007/s10393–015–1060–1.
35. Hu, B., Chmura, A. A., Li, J., Zhu, G., Desmond, J. S., Zhang,
Y., Zhang, W., Epstein, J. H., Daszak, P. & Shi, Z*.(2014).
Detection of diverse novel astroviruses from small mammals in
China. J Gen Virol 95, 2442–2449.
36. Ge, X-Y., Li, J-L., Yang, X-L., Chmura, A.A., Zhu, G., Epstein,
J.H., Mazet, J.K., Hu, B., Zhang, W., Peng, C., Zhang, Y.J., Luo,
C.M., Tan, B., Wang, N., Zhu, Y., Crameri, G., Zhang, S.Y., Wang,
L.F., Daszak, P.*, Shi, Z-L*.(2013). Isolation and
characterizationof a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2
receptor. Nature, 503(7477):535–538.
37. Zhang, G#., Cowled, C#., Shi, Z#., Huang, Z#., Bishop-Lilly,
K. A#., Fang, X., Wynne, J. W., Xiong, Z., Baker, M. L., Zhao, W.,
Tachedjian, M., Zhu, Y., Zhou, P., Jiang, X., Ng, J., Yang, L., Wu,
L., Xiao, J., Feng, Y., Chen, Y., Sun, X., Zhang, Y., Marsh, G. A.,
Crameri, G., Broder, C. C., Frey, K. G*., Wang, L. F*. & Wang, J*.
(2013). Comparative Analysis of Bat Genomes Provides Insight
into the Evolution of Flight and Immunity. Science 339
(6118):456–460.
38. Wu, L., Zhou, P., Ge, X., Wang, L. F., Baker, M. L. & Shi, Z*.
(2013). Deep RNA sequencing reveals complex transcriptional
landscape of a bat adenovirus. J Virol 87, 503–511.
39. Shi, Z. Emerging infectious diseases associated with bat
viruses. (2013). Sci China Life Sci. 56: 678–682.
40. Zhou, P., Han, Z., Wang, L. and Shi, Z*. (2013). Identification
of Immunogenic Determinants of the Spike Protein of SARS-like
Coronavirus. Virol Sin 28, (2):92–96.
41. Xia, H., Wang, M., Ge, X., Wu, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Li, T.
and Shi, Z*. (2013). Study of the Dynamics of Microcystis
aeruginosa and its Cyanophage in East Lake using quantitative
PCR. Virol Sin 28 (5): 309–311.
42. Ge, X., Wu, Y., Wang, M., Wang, J., Wu, L., Yang, X., Zhang, Y.
and Shi, Z*. (2013). Viral Metagenomics Analysis of Planktonic
Viruses in East Lake, Wuhan, China. Virol Sin 28 (5): 280–290.
43. Yuan, J., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, L. F. & Shi, Z*.
(2012). Serological evidence of ebolavirus infection in bats, China.
Virology Journal 9, 236.
44. Ge, X., Li, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, H., Zhou, P., Zhang, Y. & Shi,
Z*. (2012). Metagenomic analysis of viruses from bat fecal
samples reveals many novel viruses in insectivorous bats in China.
J Virol 86(8):4620–4630.
45. Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Ge, X., Yuan, J. & Shi, Z*. (2012). A novel
totivirus-like virus isolated from bat guano. Arch Virol, 157:1093–
1099.
46. Yuan, J., Su, N., Wang, M., Xie, P., Shi, Z. & Li, L. (2012).
Down-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 by SVCV infection. Fish &
shellfish immunology 32, 301–306.
47. Zhou, P., Li, H., Wang, H., Wang, L. F. & Shi, Z*. (2012). Bat
severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus ORF3b
homologues display different interferon antagonist activities. J
Gen Virol 93, 275–281.
48. Zhou, P., Cowled, C., Marsh, G. A., Shi, Z., Wang, L. F. and
Baker, M. L. (2011). Type III IFN Receptor Expression and
Functional Characterisation in the Pteropid Bat, Pteropus alecto.
PloS one 6, e25385.
49. Zhou, P., Cowled, C., Todd, S., Crameri, G., Virtue, E. R.,
Marsh, G. A., Klein, R., Shi, Z., Wang, L. F. and Baker, M. L.
(2011). Type III IFNs in pteropid bats: differential expression
patterns provide evidence for distinct roles in antiviral immunity.
J Immunol 186:3138–3147.
50. Ge, X., Li, J., Peng, C., Wu, L., Yang, X., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y. and
Shi, Z*. (2011). Genetic diversity of novel circular ssDNA viruses
in bats in China. J Gen Virol., 92:2646–2653.
51. Bai, H., Wang, Y., Li, X., Mao, H., Li, Y., Han, S., Shi, Z. and
Chen, X. (2011). Isolation and characterization of a novel
alphanodavirus. Virol J 8:311.
52. Tan, Y. W., and Shi, Z*. (2011). Genotyping of white spot
syndrome virus in Chinese cultured shrimp during 1998–1999.
Virol Sin 26:123–130.
53. Xing, Y., and Shi, Z*. (2011). Nucleocapsid protein VP15 of
White spot syndrome virus colocalizes with the nucleolar proteins
nucleolin and fibrillarin. Can J Microbiol., 57:759–764.
54. Yuan, J., Marsh, G., Khetawat, D., Broder, C. C., Wang, L. F.
and Shi, Z*. (2011). Mutations in the G-H loop region of ephrin-
B2 can enhance Nipah virus binding and infection. J Gen Virol
92:2142–2152.
55. Zhang, Y., Yuan, J., Yang, X., Zhou, J., Yang, W., Peng, C.,
Zhang, H. L. and Shi, Z*. (2011). A novel hantavirus detected in
Yunnan red-backed vole (Eothenomys miletus) in China. J Gen
Virol 92:1454–1457.
56. Zhou B., Y. Li, J. Belser, M. Pearce, M. Schmolke, A. Subba, Z.
Shi, S. Zaki, D. Blau, A. Sastre, T. Tumpey, D. Wentworth*.
(2011). NS deletions convert the 2009-H1N1 pandemic virus into a
live attenuated vaccine. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.
5:388–391.
57. Yu, M., Tachedjian, M., Crameri, G., Shi, Z., and Wang, L. F.
(2010). Identification of key amino acid residues required for
horseshoe bat angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 to function as a
receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Gen
Virol 91(Pt 7), 1708–1712.
58. Hou, Y., Peng, C., Yu, M., Li,Y., Han, Z., Wang, L-F., Li, F.,
Shi, Z.* (2010). Bat Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 Displays
Different Receptor Activity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus Entry. Arch Virol., 155, (10 ): 1563–1569.
59. Li, Y., Ge X., Hon C. C., Zhang H., Zhou P., Zhang Y., Wang L.
F. and Shi Z*. (2010). Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Adeno-
Associated Viruses in Bats, China. J Gen Virol. 91(10): 2601–2609.
60. Zhang Y., Zhang H., Dong X., Yuan J., Zhang H., Yang X.,
Zhou Peng., Ge X., Li Y., Wang L-F, and Shi Z* (2010).
Hantavirus Outbreak Associated with Laboratory Rats in Yunnan,
China. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 10(5): 638–644.
61. Li, Y., Ge X., Zhang H., Zhou P., Zhu Y., Zhang Y., Yuan J.,
Wang L-F., Shi Z.* (2010). Host Range, Prevalence and Genetic
Diversity of Adenoviruses in Bats. J. Virol. 84 (8):3889–3897.
62. Yuan, J., Hon,C. C., Li, Y., Wang, D., Xu, G., Zhang, H., Zhou,
P., Poon, L. M., Lam, T. T. Leung, F. C. and Shi, Z*. (2010). Intra-
species Diversity of SARS-Like Coronaviruses (CoVs) in
Rhinolophus sinicus and Its Implications on the Origin of SARS-
CoVs in human. J Gen Virol. 91(4):1058–1062.
63. Liao, M., Cheng, K., Yang, J., Zhao, Y., Shi, Z*. (2010).
Assessment of UV-B damage in cyanophage PP. Aquat Microb
Ecol 58: 323–328.
64. Shi,Z. (2010) Bat and virus. Protein Cell 2010, 1(2): 109–114
65. Hou, Y., P., Han, Z., Zhou, P., Chen, J. and Shi, Z*. (2010).
Immunogenicity of the Spike Glycoprotein of Bat SARS-like
Coronavirus. Virol Sinica, 25 (1):36–44.
66. Li, H., Zheng, Z., Zhou, P., Zhang, B., Shi, Z., Hu, Q. and
Wang, H. (2010). The cysteine protease domain of porcine
reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus non-structural
protein 2 antagonizes interferon regulatory factor 3 activation. J
Gen Virol. 91(12), 2947–2958.
67. Zhou, B., Li, Y., Belser, J. A., Pearce, M. B., Schmolke, M.,
Subba, A. X., Shi, Z., Zaki, S. R., Blau, D. M., Garcia-Sastre, A.,
Tumpey, T. M. & Wentworth, D. E. (2010). NS-based live
attenuated H1N1 pandemic vaccines protect mice and ferrets.
Vaccine 28, 8015–8025.
68. Tang, X. C.‚ Li, G.‚ Vasilakis, N.‚ Zhang, Y.‚ Shi, Z.L‚ Zhong, Y.‚
Wang, L.F.‚ Zhang, S. Y. (2009) Differential stepwise evolution of
SARS Coronavirus functional proteins in different host species.
BMC Evol Biol 9: 52.
69. Zhou, P., Han, Z., Wang, L.F. and Shi, Z*. (2009)
Immunogenicity difference between the SARS coronavirus and the
bat SARS-like coronavirus spike (S) proteins. Biochem Biophys
Res Commun 387(2), 326–329.
70. Tan, Y., Xing, Y., Zhang, H., Feng, Y., Zhou, Y. and Shi, Z*.
(2009) Molecular detection of three shrimp viruses and genetic
variation of white spot syndrome virus in Hainan province, China,
in 2007. J Fish Dis, 32: 777–784.
71. Yuan, J., Li, Y., Zhang, H., Zhou, P., Ke, Z., Zhang, Y. and Shi,
Z*. (2009) Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based
on the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-like coronaviruses. Virol
Sinica 24 (2): 146–151.
72. Li, L., Zhang, H., Zhang C., Shi Z*. (2009) Identification and
characterization of nuclear localization signals within the
nucleocapsid protein VP15 of White Spot Syndrome Virus. Virol
Sinica 24 (1):71–76
73. Wang, J., Zhang, H. and Shi, Z*. (2008) Expression and
assembly mechanism of the capsid proteins of a satellite virus
(XSV) associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus.
Virol Sinica 23 (1):73–77.
74. Tang, Y., Shi, Z*. (2008) Proteomic analyses of the shrimp
white spot syndrome virus. Virol Sinica 23 (3):157–166.
75. Bai, B., Hu, Q., Hu, H., Zhou, P., Shi, Z., Meng, J., Huang, Y.,
Lu, B., Mao, P., Wang, H. (2008) Virus-like particles of SARS-like
coronavirus formed by membrane proteins from different origins
demonstrate stimulating activity in human dendritic cells. 3(7),
e2685.
76. Li,Y., Wang, J., Hickey, A. C., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Wu, Y., Zhang,
H., Yuan, J., Han, Z., McEachern, J., Broder, C. C., Wang, L. F.
and Shi, Z*. (2008) Antibodies to Nipah or Nipah-like viruses in
bats, China. Emerg Infect Dis 14(12):1974–1976.
77. Wang, J., Wang, L-F. and Shi, Z*. (2008) Construction of a
non-infectious SARS coronavirus replicon for application in drug
screening and analysis of viral protein function. Biochem Biophys
Res Commun 374(1):138–142.
78. Yu, M., Stevens, V., Berry, J. D., Crameri, G., McEachern, J.,
Tu, C., Shi, Z., Liang, G., Weingart, H., Cardosa, J., Eaton, B. T.,
Wang, L. F. (2008) Determination and application of
immunodominant regions of SARS coronavirus spike and
nucleocapsid proteins recognized by sera from different animal
species. J Immunol Methods 331(1–2):1–12.
79. Hon, C. C., Lam, T. Y., Shi, Z., Drummond, A. J., Yip, C. W.,
Zeng, F., Lam, P. Y. and Leung, F. C.. (2008) Evidence of the
recombinant origin of a bat severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS)-like coronavirus and its implications on the direct
ancestor of SARS coronavirus. J Virol 82(4): 1819–1826.
80. Ren, W., Qu, X., Li, W., Han, Z., Yu, M., Zhang, S., Wang, L. F.,
Deng, H., Shi, Z*. (2008) Difference in receptor usage between
SARS coronavirus and SARS-like coronavirus of bat origin. J Virol
82(4): 1899–1907.
81. Shi, Z. and Hu, Z. (2008) A review of studies on animal
reservoirs of the SARS coronavirus. Virus research 133:74–87.
82. Cheng, K., Zhao, Y., Du, X., Zhang, Y., Lan, S., Shi, Z*. (2007)
Solar radiation-driven decay of cyanophage infectivity, and
photoreactivation of the cyanophage by host cyanobacteria.
Aquatic Microbial Ecology 48(1): 13–18.
83. Cui, J., Han, N., Streicker, D., Li, G.., Tang, X., Shi, Z., Hu, Z.,
Zhao, G., Fontanet, A., Guan, Y., Wang, L., Jones, G., Field, H. E.,
Daszak, P. and Zhang, S. (2007) Evolutionary relationships among
bat coronaviruses and their hosts. Emerg Infect Dis 13(10):1526–
1532.
84. Zhang, C, Yuan, J, Shi, Z*. (2007) Molecular epidemiological
investigation of infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis
virus and taura syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei cultured in
China. Virol Sinica 22(5): 380–388.
85. Gu, W., Yuan, J., Xu, G., Li, L., Liu, N., Zhang, C., Zhang, J.
and Shi, Z*. (2007) Production and characterization of
monoclonal antibody of shrimp white syndrome virus envelope
protein VP28. Virol Sinica 22(1): 21–25.
86. Wang, L. F., Shi, Z., Zhang, S., Field, H., Daszak, P. and Eaton
B. T. (2006) A review of bats and SARS: virus origin and genetic
diversity. Emerg Infect Dis 12(12): 1834–1840.
87. Ren, W., Li, W., Yu, M., Hao, P., Zhang, Y., Zhou, P., Zhang, S.,
Zhao, G., Zhong, Y., Wang, S., Wang, L. F. and Shi, Z*. (2006)
Full genome sequences of two SARS-like coronaviruses in
horseshoe bats and genetic variation analysis. J Gen Virol 87(11):
3355–3359.
88. Zhang, H., Wang, J., Yuan, J., Li, L., Zhang, J., Bonami, J. R.
and Shi, Z*. (2006) Quantitative relationship of two viruses
(MrNV and XSV) in white tail disease of Macrobrachium
rosenbergii de Man. Dis Aquat Org 71(1): 11–17.
89. Li, L., Yuan, J., Cai, C., Gu, W. and Shi, Z*. Multiple envelope
proteins are involved in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)
infection in crayfish. Arch Virol, 2006, 151(7): 1309–1317.
90. Li, W., Shi Z*., Yu M., Ren W., Smith C., Epstein H. J., Wang
H., Crameri G., Hu Z., Zhang H., Zhang J., Mceachern J., Field H.,
Daszak P., Eaton T.B., Zhang S*., and Wang L. F*. (2005) Bats are
natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 310(5748):
676–679.
91. Huang, R., Xie, Y., Zhang, J. and Shi, Z*. (2005) A novel
envelope protein involved in white spot syndrome virus infection.
J Gen Virol 86 (5): 1357–1361.
92. Shi, Z., Wang, H., Zhang, J., Xie, Y., Li, L., Chen, X.,
Edgerton, B. F. and Bonami, J. R. (2005) Response of crayfish,
Procambarus clarkii, haemocytes infected by white spot
syndrome virus. J Fish Dis 28(3): 151–156.
93. Bonami, J. R, Shi, Z., Qian, D. and Sri Widada, J. (2005)
White tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium
rosenbergii: separation of the associated virions and
characterization of MrNV as a new type of nodavirus. J Fish Dis
28(1): 23–31.
94. Zhang, S., Shi, Z. and Bonami, J. R. (2004) Purification,
characterization and morphology of a freshwater crab reovirus. J
Fish Dis 27(12): 687–692.
95. Sri Widada, J., Richard, V., Shi, Z., Qian, D. and Bonami, J. R.
(2004) Dot-blot hybridization and RT-PCR detection of extra
small virus (XSV) associated with white tail disease of prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Dis Aquat Org 58(1): 83–87.
96. Sri Widada, J., Durand, S., Cambournac, I., Qian, D., Shi, Z.,
Dejonghe, E., Richard, V. and Bonami J. R. (2003) Genome-based
detection methods of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus, a
pathogen of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium
rosenbergii dot-blot, in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. J Fish Dis
26(10): 583–590.
97. Shi, Z., Qian, D., Zhang, J., Cao, Z. and Bonami, J. R. (2004)
Isolation, purification and nucleic acid characterization of two
viral particles from freshwater prawn Macrobrachium
rosenbergii. Chin J Virol 20 (1): 58–61. (English abstract).
98. Shi, Z., Xie, Y., Tang, X., Sri Widada, J. and Bonami J.R.
(2004) Nucleic acid detection and partial sequence analysis of
Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus. Chin J Virol 20 (1): 62–66.
(English abstract).
99. Qian, D#., Shi, Z#., Zhang, S., Li, L., Xie, Y. and Bonami, J. R.
(2003) Extra small particles (XSP) and nodavirus associated with
whitish muscle disease in the giant fresh water prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii. J Fish Dis, 26 (9): 521–527.
100.Zhang, S., Bonami, Jean-Robert, Shi, Z*. (2003) cDNA
library construction of a Chinese mitten crab reovirus RNA1 and
partial sequence analysis of its RNA polymerase gene. Virol Sinica
18(1): 72–75. (English abstract).
101.Wang, C., Guo, Y., Cheng, K., Zhao, Y. and Shi, Z*. (2003)
The correlation of host’s growth stage with enlargement of plaque
and absorption rate of cyanophage. Acta Hydrobiol Sinica 27(6):
660–663. (English abstract).
102.Luo, W., Ju, C., Cheng, K., Zhao, Y. and Shi, Z*. (2003) A
backflushing ultrafiltration technique for concentrating
cyanophage. Virol Sinica 18(4): 397–400. (English abstract).
103.Xie, Y., Huang, R. and Shi Z*. (2003) Sequence analysis,
cloning and expression of a putative cytokine receptor gene of
white spot syndrome virus. Virol Sinica, 18(4): 362–366. (English
abstract).
104.Xie Y., Zhang S., Huang R. and Shi Z*. (2003) A modified
technique for purifying white spot syndrome virus. Virol Sinica
18(4): 391–393. (English abstract).
105.Guo, Y., Cheng, K., Zhao, Y., Wang, J., Wang, C., Shi, Z. and
Liu, Y. (2003) The distribution and infectivity of cyanophage and
other algae-lysin factor in fresh water. China Environ Science
23(2): 167–170. (English abstract).
106.Cheng, K., Wang, C., Guo, Y., Shi, Z. and Zhao, Y. (2002)
Measurement of lysing cycle and burst size of cyanophage
infecting filamentous cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Virol
Sinica 17(4): 374–376. (English abstract).
107.Shi, Z. and Zhu, H. (2002) Aquatic crustacean viruses —
Bacilliform viruses. Virol Sinica 17(3): 282–288. (English
abstract).
108.Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Huang, C., Bonami, J.R. and Shi Z.
(2002) Preliminary studies on two types of reo-like viruses from
crab Eriocheir sinensis. Virol Sinica 17(3): 264–267. (English
abstract).
109.Zhu H., Shi, Z. and Zhao, Y. (2002) Analysis of one gene
from white spot syndrome virus of shrimp. Acta Hydrobiol Sinica
26(5): 560–563. (English abstract).
110.Corbel, V., Zuprizal, Shi, Z., Huang, C, Arcier, J.M and
Bonami, J.R. (2001) Experimental infection of European
crustaceans with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). J Fish Dis
224: 377–382.
111.Huang, C., Shi, Z., Zhang, L., Xie, Y., Zhang, L., Chen, D. and
Wu, Q. (2001). Homology comparison of white spot syndrome
baculovirus (WSSV) from Penaeid shrimp. Virol Sinica 16: 81–84.
(English abstract).
112.Shi, Z., Huang C., Zhang J., Chen D. and Bonami J.R. (2000).
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) experimental infection of the
freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. J. Fish Dis 23: 285–
288.
113.Shi, Z., Durand S. and Bonami J.R. (2000). Screening of DNA
polymerase gene from white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by using
degenerated oligonucleotides. Virol Sinica 15: 302–307. (English
abstract).
114.Shi, Z., Huang, C., Chen, D., Durand, S. and Bonami J.R.
(1998). Partial cloning of the genome of non-occluded baculovirus
from Penaeus chinensis and preparing the probe for detection.
Virol Sinica 13: 263–267. (English abstract).
115.Huang, C., Shi, Z. Zhang, L., Xie, L., Zhang, L., Chen, D. and
Wu, Q. (2000). Study of white spot syndrome baculovirus
infection process in Penaeus monodon by in situ Hybridization.
Chin J Virol 16: 242–246. (English abstract).
116.Zhao, Y., Shi, Z., Huang, G. and Wang, X. (1999). Blue green
algae viruses (cynoaphages). Virol Sinica, 14(2):100–105. (English
abstract).
117.Huang, C., Shi, Z. Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Chen, D. and Bonami,
J. R. (1999). Establishment of a model for proliferating white spot
syndrome virus in vivo. Virol Sinica 14: 358–363. (English
abstract).
118.Huang, C., Shi, Z., Zhang, L., Wang, B. and Li, H. (1997)
Cytopathic changes of Penaeus chinensis infected by two kinds of
viruses and immunogold labelling. Virol Sinica 12: 171–177.
(English abstract).
119.Huang, C., Zhang, J., Gao, W. and Shi, Z. (1997) Observation
and analysis of histo-and cyto-pathological changes of diseased
shrimp with light and electron Microscopy. Virol Sinica 12 (4):
364–370. (English abstract).
120.Zhao, Y. and Shi, Z. (1996). Virus and virus-like particles of
eukaryotic algae. Virol Sinica 11(2): 93–102. (English abstract).
121.Shi, Z., Xiao, L. and Chen, D. (1996). Immulogical detection
of two shrimp viruses. Virol Sinica 11: 365–368. (English
abstract).
122.Shi, Z., Xiao, L., Gao, W. Zhang, L. and Chen d. (1996).
Immunological detection of two kinds of viruses from Penaeus
chinensis. Virol Sinica 11(4): 368–371. (English abstract).
123.Xiao, L., Shi, Z., Gao, W., Zhang, L., Chen, D. (1995)
Isolation, purification of Penaeus chinensis parvovirus and
analysis of its nucleic acid and protein. Virol Sinica 10: 356–361.
(English abstract).
124.Li, Y., Shi, Z. and Chen, D. (1994). A Study on some
biochemical characteristics of Nuclear Polyhedrosis virus of
Ectropis grisescens Warren. Virol Sinica 9(3): 266–271. (English
abstract).
125.Shi, Z. Zhang, L. and Chen, D. (1992) Immunity studies on
the Euproctis pseudoconspersa nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Virol
Sinica 7(3): 276–282. (English abstract).
Appendix B: Professor Zhengli Shi’s Conference
Presentations
Shi, Z. (2018) From SARS to SADS: predict of emerging
infectious diseases. US-China Workshop on Frontiers in Ecology
and Evolution of Infectious Diseases. University of California,
Berkeley, June 27–29, 2018.
Shi, Z. (2018) Risk assessment of bat coronavirus spillover and
prevention strategy. Sino-Germany symposium “Globalization-
Challenge and Response for Infectious Diseases” September 5,
2018, Hamburg, Germany.
Shi, Z. (2018) Coronaviruses associated with human and animal
diseases in China-From SARS to SADS. U.S. China Dialogue on
the Challenges of Emerging Infections, Laboratory Safety and
Global Health Security. January 17, 2018, Galveston, USA.
Shi, Z. (2017) SARS coronavirus may have originated from
frequent recombination events between SARS-related
coronaviruses in a single horseshoe bat habitat. Cell Symposia:
Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses 2017. October 1–3, Arlington,
USA.
Shi, Z. (2017) Genetic evolution and interspecies infection of bat
SARS-like coronavirus. International Advisory Board Meeting and
Coronavirus Mini-Symposium for the Theme-based Research
Scheme Project on MERS Coronavirus. September 11–12, Hong
Kong.
Shi, Z. (2017) SARS coronavirus may have originated from
frequent recombination events between SARS-related
coronaviruses in a single horseshoe bat habitat. 27th Annual
Meeting of the Society for Virology (Germany). March 22–25,
2017, Marburg, Germany.
Shi, Z. (2016) Prevalence, animal origins and diagnosis of MERS-
CoV. Devising Strategies to Control Emerging Viral Hemorrhagic
Fever in Pakistan. November 14–16, 2016, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shi, Z. (2015) Emerging viral zoonosis in China. Annual meeting
of Sino-Germany Society for Medicine. October 2–3, Berlin,
Germany.
Shi, Z. (2015) Bat coronaviruses associated with human diseases.
CAS-NAS Workshop on the Challenges of Emerging Infections,
Laboratory Safety, and Global Health Security. September 29–30,
Beijing, China.
Shi, Z. (2015) The animal origin of SARS coronavirus; from
genome to receptor usage. Annual meeting of Hubei Society for
Microbilogy. August 22–23, Enshi, China.
Shi. Z. (2015) New evidence in support of bat origin of SARS
coronavirus. In “workshop on Coronavirus and Arterivirus, Special
lecture”, ASV2015, July 5–12, London, Canada.
Shi, Z. (2015) The animal origin of SARS coronavirus; from
genome to receptor usage. The 3rd annual “host pathogen
interaction in biodefense and emerging infectious diseases”
conference. Feb. 12, Manassas, Virginia.
Shi, Z et al. (2014) Isolation and identification of bat mammalian
orthoreovirus from Chinese bats. The 6th International
Symposium on Emerging Viral Diseases. October 29–30, Wuhan,
China.
Shi, Z, et al., (2013) New evidence further supports bats as
natural reservoirs of SARS coronavirus. The 5th Wuhan
International Symposium on Modern Virology. Oct. 30–31,
Wuhan, China.
Shi, Z. (2013) Bat borne viruses. CSIRO-CAS Biosecurity
Workshop. 13–15 June 2013, Cairns, Australia.
Shi, Z.(2012) Bat viruses detected in China, 31th annual ASV
meeting. Jul 21–25, Madison, USA.
Shi, Z.(2011) Virome in Bat Intestinal Tract, Implication of
Important Roles Played by Bats in Ecosystem, XVIth International
Union of Microbiological Societies 2. Sep 12–16, Sapporo, Japan.
Shi, Z. (2010) Novel hantavirus detected in Yunnan Red-backed
Vole, Eothenomys miletus. Infectious Disease Genomics and
Global Health. Sep 11–15, Hinxton, UK.
Shi, Z. (2008) Antibodies to Nipah or Nipah-like viruses among
bats in mainland China. The 3rd International Symposium on
Emerging Viral Diseases. Oct. 26–28, Wuhan, China.
Shi Z. (2008) Genetic Evolution of SARS coronavirus. The 179th
forum of Young Scientists of China Association of Science and
Technology. Nov 1–2, Lijiang, China.
Shi, Z, et al. (2008) The angiotension converting enzymes-2 of
bats display different susceptibility to severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus. Annual meeting of Hubei Society for
Microbiology. June 26–29, Hohhot, China.
Shi, Z. (2007) Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV)
and its associated satellite virus. Aquaculture 2007, Feb. 28- Mar.
2, San Antonio, USA.
Shi, Z. (2007) Functional analysis of structural envelope proteins
of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and prevalence of WSSV
and other shrimp viruses in china — a review. Aquaculture 2007,
Feb. 28- Mar. 2, San Antonio, USA.
Shi, Z. (2007) Evolution on SARS Coronavirus. The First Mexico-
China Scientific Cooperation Conference. Aug. 27–29, Mexico
City, Mexico.
Shi, Z. (2006) Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like
coronaviruses. France- China Medical Symposium. Oct. 23–24,
Paris, France.
Shi, Z. et al. (2006) Genetic diversity of bat SARS-like
coronavirus and its interaction with ACE2. The 8th Session of the
International Congress « Molecular Epidemiology and
Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases » (MEEGID VIII).
Nov. 30 — Dec. 2, Bangkok, Thailand.
Shi Z. (2006) Biology and molecular genetics of white spot
syndrome virus. Society for Invertebrate Pathology 39th Annual
Meeting. Aug. 27 to Sept. 1, Wuhan, China.
 Coronavirus

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 Wuhan

WRITTEN BY

Adrian Bond
Artist, researcher, 🇺🇸 patriot since 1991, whistleblower since 2018.
#1A #2A #WWG1WGA #KAG #Blexit #Disclosure #Jyorei
#NaturalAgriculture #Qanon

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