Name:__________________________ Section _______________________ Date:____________

GENERAL CHEMISTRY II
Lesson: Colligative Properties of Solutions
3. Vapor Pressure Lowering - the addition of solute will result in the vapor pressure of the solvent
being reduced.
 Vapor Pressure Lowering Formula:
P  PO X
where P is the vapor pressure of the solution, PO is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent and X is the
mole fraction of the solvent.
 Remember that the solvent in a solution is the compound with the higher amount.
Sample Problem:
*At 35OC, the vapor pressure of water is 43.4 mmHg. What is the vapor pressure of a solution that
contains 100 g of water and 24.5 g of NaCl.
 Since the vapor pressure of the solvent(water) which is 43.4 mmHg is already given, you just
need to solve for the mole fraction of the solvent, The mole fraction of solvent is 0.93
 Once you have the needed values, substitute it to the formula.
P  PO X
P  (43.4mmHg )(0.93)
P  40.362mmHg
Seatwork #1:

3. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution containing 600 g of glucose in 1000 g of water at 25OC.
(Vapor pressure of H2O at 25OC is 23.6 Torr)

4. Osmotic Pressure - the pressure that must be applied on the higher concentration to stop osmosis.
 Osmotic Pressure Formula:
  iMRT
where i is the van’t Hoff factor, M is the molarity, R is the gas constant and T is the absolute
temperature in Kelvin
Sample Problem:
*What is the osmotic pressure at 0OC of an aqueous solution containing 46.0 g of glycerin(C3H8O3) for
every liter? (van’t Hoff factor for molecule is 1)
  iMRT
  (1)(0.50mol / L)(0.08206 L  atm / mol  K )(273.16 K )
  11.2atm
4. What is the osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution that contains 8 g of urea in 500 ml of
solution at 20OC?