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x ǵ 1392 . ! ǵ 1ê3ê
‫ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺣﻘﻮق اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﮐﭙﯽ راﯾﺖ ﺑﻮده و ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﯾﺎ ﭼﺎپ ﺗﻤﺎم ﯾﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ آن و ﻧﯿﺰ درج ﺗﻤﺎم ﯾﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از آﻧﻬﺎ در‬
‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻧﮑﻬﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ و ﺗﻬﯿﮥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي راﯾﺎﻧﻪاي ﯾﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ و ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ در اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ و دﯾﮕﺮ اﺑﺰار و ادوات‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﺤﻮي‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺪون اﺟﺎزة ﻗﺒﻠﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﺮ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﮐﺘﺒﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫‪©MAJMA AL-DAKAAIR AL-ISLAMYYAH, 2013‬‬


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‫ﮔﻨﺠﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﯽ ‪75 /‬‬

‫ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ذﺧﺎﺋﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ‪ -‬ﻗﻢ ‪ ،‬اﯾﺮان‬

‫ﺑﺪﯾﻊ اﻟﻠﻐﮥ‬
‫از‪ :‬ﺳﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﯽ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯿﺒﺪي‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ در ﺷﺮح ﺣﺎل ﻣﺆﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺳﯿﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ )اﺷﮑﻮري(‬
‫ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ و ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻖ‪ :‬ﺳﯿﺪ ﺻﺎدق ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ اﺷﮑﻮري‬

‫ﭼﺎپ ‪ :‬ﻇﻬﻮر ‪ /‬ﺻﺤﺎﻓﯽ ‪ :‬ﻧﻔﯿﺲ‬

‫ﻧﺸﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ذﺧﺎﺋﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ ‪ -‬اﯾﺮان‬

‫ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﭼﺎپ ‪ :‬اول ـ ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ ‪ 1392‬ش ) ‪ 2013‬م (‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎرﮔﺎن ‪ 200 :‬ﺟﻠﺪ‬

‫ﺷﺎﺑﮏ ‪978 -964-988 -075 - 4 :‬‬

‫ﻗﯿﻤﺖ‪ 17700 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎن ) ﻣﻌﺎدل ‪ 21‬دﻻر ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎرج از اﯾﺮان (‬

‫ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻢ ‪ :‬ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن آذر ‪ -‬ﮐﻮي ‪ - 23‬ﭘﻼك ‪ - 1‬ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ذﺧﺎﺋﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬

‫دورﻧﮕﺎر ‪+98 251 770 1119 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ‪+98 251 7713 740:‬‬

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‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﯽ ‪:‬‬


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‫ﺑﺮاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮑﯽ اﺛﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﺶ ﻣﺎه ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ذﺧﺎﺋﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ رﺟﻮع ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪.‬‬
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[ 17 ] ( u¼¦ÖMAáß )
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[ 19 ] ( ZØ oU
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[ 23 ] ( ¬BK®ß ]Ö AÒÑ )
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82 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹ÒñÖ½ nß ¿ÒÑ A )

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Bm§Bh« ϧl ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª¼@ Ç ¾BT§A ovA° ¸qª´§A ovñM Ç lBMAoTß wAß : (1)¬Bñئi MA ¤BP°
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ã ¡®µo8 :oF‾A° /³¼8 »T§A
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ã RB«B=« bnB{ @î ìë3.3 ºo¼¢‾B´] ã ¡®µo8 ³¦=‾ (ê
/ 2 . ¨°o§A (ë
( ¹‾A±ÔÒ \wÖ ¿ÔÑ A ) .§Ñ¿ A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 87

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ã tom§A ¸kîB%M ³¼§Aá >B6ª§A ©½k%TM <J¿BU ¸nBTwÑA > Joí« ã :¤±.ÑA
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[ êê ] ( fBÒ‾B!Ò wÖ ¿
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88 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( uBß wÖ Aßá )

[ êì ] ( u!ß wÖ Aáß )
¤B%½° ,¹LIo§A uPwA « l±iÑB« , uPwA Joí«
Ø
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ã ¨kî î ¹½B®A °A è«Bd§A ¥MB%½ B« »®íªM B®µ <k¼mw>
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:Ç S{oÇ ºBÇU° })íÇw @¼w° ¬±ñw° W§BY ovH° ¤°A cT)M Ç (SvPwA) :119.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
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K¼UoU k{BM ³T{Ak‾ K§B„ »ªí? ³H ¬C ¤BX«A° ¤±=M ° ¬C o¼„ ° ïo« S{±£ ° ²nBe —½°jA ³H SwA
/ k®µj
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ã ¡®µo8 (ì
( nkÒ Ö®ÒñwÖ Aßá ) .§Ñ¿ A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 89

[ ê9 ] ( nkÖÒ ®ÒñwÖ Aáß )


»‾BX§A
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, SwA @¼‾oÇ=§A°l nk®ÇñwA ¨BÇ‾ Ç ²k¼ÇzH G§A ³M S{o ºAn° k\MA ¤Aj cT8° ¬±‾ ¬±ñw° ²k¼zH
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90 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬BÒ®wÖ ÔÑA )

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[ 71 ] ( PAkÖÒ ‾AÒÑ )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î Îk‾A Joí«
Ø , °o« ºoP «° k®Poªw ºoP « :¤Ak§A ¤BªµAá ° cTm§BM
(3)

[ 72 ] ( ¬B]Ò kÖß ‾A )
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ã ³M boæ
Ø / ¬B£k‾A Joí«
(ê)
Ø ,¼~§A° k®Poªw ¼M k¦M :¤Ak§A ovñM
[ 73 ] ÒÑ A )
( ²ÒqÔ Ö‾¿
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ã >Bñ§BÇM ²r±ÇÔ
ß ¢‾Ö AÒ JoíÇ« Ô Ö‾¿ÒÑ A Œªæ :¼U§A ©i° cTm§BM
Ø ,S¼T¦Çe ±Çµ° ,¬Ak\Ç
/ (ì)»wnBm§A
ã

¥¼\Ç‾A ³H SwA ºnB~‾


× JBTH ¨B‾ ¬±£oL®î ¬p° oM »ae ºB½ BM ¬±¼¦¢‾A :¤B , 17ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/ k{BM »v¼î
×
/(¥¼\‾A) Akhµj —«B‾ S;§ :}e¿ (2
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/¬Bhwo8 °o« @¼M° B´®¼M ¹½o :ÓBq½ÑA !Ak‾ÑA° , k®oªw @« gwAo8 ¹YÀY
ºo´{ ¨B‾ : Ç ¬B£k®M ¬p° oM Ç ¬B£k‾A :¤B 171.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8° ã /(¸o=Ö‾ÑA ) 12ì.1 ‚À?¿á A kæAo« (ê
/SwA < ¬B]k‾A> ¬C Joí«
Ø , @¼a ° k®oªw @¼M B« SwA »T½¿° °
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ã K§B„ &AkwE Apo¼« G¼§FU (¬BµoM é?B ) ¬BµoL§A é?B (ë
éL?° , @½k§Aoh8 ¨BªTµBM »¦µj
ã »8 ã éMBaª§A ¥ªH E »8
ã éL? /é?B ¬BµoM »¦î k=®§A »8 ã , ! /µ 128ë
²jpB½° kæ . 1 é?B ¬BµoM ¹«k=« : }e¿ /! /µ 1278 ¹®w »8 ã ¹8°oíª§A n±zH ¤±‾ ¹íLa« »8 ã H¼‾BY
/²jq¼w° kæ »§Aá
BªH é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã H~‾
Ø ¾B] ²ow tk G®~ª§A ³¦=‾ ºm§A°
ã , ¬BµoM é?B B‾k®î k]±½ ¿ : ¤±E
/ é]Ao8 , B®¦=‾
³M° , k{BM ¬Ak¢‾A Sinj ¨ªæ : Ç ³w±L®w ¬p° oM »wnB8 ºAp BM Ç ²r±¢‾A :¤B 178.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/k®‾A±i V°odª§A ¨ªæ° ST¼¦e »Moî
( oXß Ö‾ÒÑA ) .§Ñ¿ A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 97

[ 7ê ] ( oKß Ö‾AÒÑ )
:©\íª§A o~Th« »@ ã ¤BP ,¨°o§A jÀM »@ã ¹®½k« :>B%§A ovA° ¬±®§A ¬±ñw° ¸qª´§A cTmM
Amµ cæ
Ø ¬Ö Bá @:¤BP Ç t±«B%§A »@ ã ²oAl B«»¦î ³Moí«
Ø ³‾ÑA »®í½
ã Ç ¹½n±¢‾A Ro
Ô Liß ÔÑA Bª¼@ »µ°
ã
(1)

Ø ÓB6½ÑA ¹½n±ªî ¬ÑA »®í½


/ ¹½n±¢‾A ¹Moí« ã ©~Tíª§A BµAqŠ »T§A
ã ¹½n±ªî »´@ ã
[ 7ë ] ( ¹]Ò nA°
Ò ¿ Ñ A)
kª§BÇM <²nA°C> ¤B%ǽ° / ²nA°ÑA JoíÇ«
Ø ,²±dÇ‾° ZAoh§A »@
ã ½°A°k§A JBdæÑA KTA «
(3) t±«B%§A « oµBx§A° /B´¼@ éP° B« ©wBM ¹dm~§A ¹¼ªvU JBM « ±´@ / (2) JBvd§A »®íªM

/B´¼§Aá ¹PomT« éiA±« î JBvd§A k%®§ I±§A î À] ºm§A


ã »®íªM <²nA°ÐA > « l±iÑB« ³‾ÑA
[ 7ì ] ÒÑ A )
( Z°Ö ¿
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ò °ÒÖ A Joí«
(ë)
Ø , è¼6d§A ki :cTm§BM
(ê)

[ 77 ] ÒÑ A )
( [Ö®Ò§°Ö ¿
/ pÑ
Ø A B« »¦î ¡‾n°A Joí«
(ì)
Ø ,o½ov§A :W§BX§A° ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
[ 78 ] ( [¦Òß ¼¦Öµ¿
áß A )
, (7)>°oí« oªY :¹¼‾BX§A ¨À§A ovñU kP° ¸qª´§A ovñM

/(¬±®§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 1ê7.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


³¼8 ¬°k
Ú ½Ô , Zoh§A° ¥ik§A JBve oT8j ±µ° < ²nA°C> Ò K½oíU ¹]nA°Ñ¿A :8 . ¹Moíª§A
Ø ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/¬A±½k§A RBMBve @« ÓBTTØ z« ¬BH B«
/(¸qª´§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 177.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/ ˜±L´§A kk : ZjÔ¿A ¤B (¸qª´§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 177.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/k{BM è¼qe ¥MB=« ³H SwA ò°A Joí« Ø , Ç Z±Ö «Ò ¬p° oM ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç Z°A :¤B 181.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/ oMkT8
Ø , ¹½k®µ ò°A ¬E @¼½k®´§A ¾BkæÑ¿A èíM boæ° Ø :¤±E
< ¡‾n°A> »®íÇ« ³ÇM : ©¼Ç]° ¬±‾° »‾BYã ¬±ñw° W§BY° ¤°A cT)M Ç [Ö®Ò§°ÒÖ A :¤B 187.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/k{BM ¬BµB{jBQ ShU ³H SwA
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/j±wÑA ³®«° o)æÑA ³®« b°oí« oªY :¾B´M
98 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹]Ò nB
Ò Ò½ ¿áß A )

/³M A±eoæ
Ø B« »¦î ¹¦¼¦µ Joí«
(1)
Ø
[ 79 ] ( ¹]Ò nB
Ò ½Ò ¿
áß A )
¾A°k§A :²o¼vmU° / ²nB½ÑA Joí«
Ø ,ZnB½ÑA ³íª] ,>°oí« ¥´v« ¬±\í« :¾Ao§A cT@° ovñ§BM
/³Ø‾Bx« « o´x½ B« »¦î jom« <ZnB½ÑA > Ø¥í§° / (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã Amñµ ; »´§
ã ¿á A
[ 80 ] ( PÀ½Ö Aáß )
QÀÇ½Ö AÒÑ JoíÇ« , (3)¾AnBhÇM »ÇeA±‾
ã « k¦M° ,n±MBv¼‾ »eA±‾
ã « ¹®½k« :¸qª´§A ovñM
Ø
/jnBL§A ¾A±´§A :³¦æÑA° ,<hÀ¼½> ¤B%½° ,cTm§BM
[ 81 ] ÒÑ A )
( ©½Ù ¿

Ø ,³§ ¸ÑAo«A ¿ ª§ nBíTv½ kP° / ÓBL¼Y °ÑA ÓAoñM B´§ Z°p ¿ «Ò :k¼vA
ovñ§BM Ç ©½Ö Aá Joí« Ø
(ê)

/ (ë)¼‾BµoL§A « o´x½ B« »¦î Ç ¬±ñv§B@


[ 82 ] ( nB½Ú AÒÑ )
/o¼mhT§BM nB½ÒA Joí«
Ø , ¬Ao½qe ¥LP ¨°o§A n±´{ « o´{ :¾B¼§A k½kzU° cTm§BM
(ì)

/1ë7 . ¹Moíª§A
Ø ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A ³L½oíTM boæ° Ø /Joí« Ø [¦¼¦µÑ¿A :¤B ([¦µ) 3ë1.1 bBd~§A (1
/(¾B¼§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 21ê.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/ ºnBhM
× ºo @« : !À½Aá ° , n±MBv¼‾ »eA±‾ @« ¸k¼¦M :!À½Aá :¤B 291.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
/³§ ¸ÑAo«Aá ¿ ¥]o§A° , B´§ ¥íM ¿ ¸ÑAoª§A :©½Ñ¿A :¤B 1ìì.1 ¹;¦§A u¼½B=« ©\í« (ê
/ k{BM ²jo« y‾p ³H k®½±£ An ºjo« :Ç ©¼] Ç ¬p° oM ©½Aá :¤B 199.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/ ÓAoLñ« ¬Ao½qe ¥L o´{ : Çk½kzT§BM Ç nB½ÑØ A :¤B (o½ÑA ) ê2.ì t°oí§A ZBU (ì
¾BL§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´XئX½ B«° B´¼®Ø X½ B«°
[ 83 ] ( [Ò‾±ÔMBLÒ §A )
¤B%½ kP° , (2)³‾±MBM Joí«
Ø ,pAo¼z§A »§Aá Kv®U kP° ; ¹@°oíª§A ¸oµq§A ²mµ :Ï‾±MBL§A°
(1)

/¼L½
Ú ¬ÑA « ci°ÑA B´L½oíU° / q‾±MBM B´L½oíU »@
(3)
ã
[ 8ê ] ( ³]B
Ò ÒM )
/ ³aBQ ¹Moí«
Ø B´‾ÑA oµBx§A /¬B´mæA ºoP «
[ 8ë ] ( ³½Ò ±LÔ \Ö
Ö ‾nÒ ÖjBLÒ §A )
AkXÇP ¹dǽAn ³Td½An ³Lz½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A ³½±MÔ ¡‾nÒ jÖ BM Joí«
(ê)
Ø ,¸B®Xª§A ¾B¼§A cT@° ¾BL§A ©6M
/³M bo~« Ø ,ZoÔ UÖ ¿ÑÔ A°
Ú ±µ° ,n±®Ø v§A ³Ld½°
[ 8ì ] ( Z°nÔ ÒjBLÒ §A )
/oµBx§A ±µ° / (ì)°njBM Joí«Ø , ¬Ao¼ª6§A
(ë)

/é)®§A ¸o¼XH ¹8°oí« ¸oµp :[‾±MBL§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/(³‾±MBM ) 203.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/18 . ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§AØ ©\í« (3
¬C° :Ç SwA ³½±L\‾njBÇM »®íÇ« ° ¬p° oM Ç ³½±M ¡‾njBM :¤B (³½±M ¡‾njBM ) 209.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
Joí«
Ø < ³½±L\‾n jBM > ° , k{BM é8B‾ An »ª;¦M ° º°Aj±w çAo«A° k®H  Àµ An Jo=î ³H SwA »µB¼£
/ SwA ¬C
boíÔU° ¹Ú½°Aj±v§A çAo«Ñ¿A »8 ã é)®§A ¸o¼LH ¹Õ ¦=M :³Ò½±\Ö‾nß jÒ BL§A 1ê . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8° ã
/ ¹dÄAn ºE
ã < ³ ½±
Ò Ô M > @«° , ¾BX=§A @« Jok ±µ° < ¡‾ n
Ò j
Ö BM > @« ¹LØ H o« »µ° /¬B\‾ oT§A°
ß ¹ ¼]oU
Ø ¿ ÔÑ A ¹¦=LM
ã
/ SwA Z°njBM »µ±H ¬Ao¼ªk qLw ¬BdMn :¤B 130 :@«Æ« ©¼ñe ³)dU (ë
/(°n jBM ) 209.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
100 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( oµpÒ jÖ BÒL§A )

[ 87 ] ( oµÒp ÖjBLÒ §A )
,©v§A ¥½q« ²B®í«° / »wnBm§A
ã ¾BL§BM oµpÒ jÖ BQ Joí«
Ø ,©v§A o\e :Ç ºAq§A
ã cTmM Ç oµpÒ jÖ Bm§A°
/ (1)©v§A :<oµp>° ,KTñ§A èíM »@
ã BªA ¥½qª§A »®íªM <jBQ>
/oµBp ±µ° , (2)²o¼Š° [®µo@ »@
ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø /¤Ak§A >mdM oµpBQ ¤B%½°
[ 88 ] Ö MÒ )
( u¼Uß lB
JoíÇ«
Ø ,¸o¼XÇA ºoÇP° RAk¼¦M °ÑA ¸Ao´M ¹½oP :¼Tª\íª§A ¼U§A ovA° ¤Am§A ¬±ñvM
(3)

»®íªÇM B®Çµ <q¼i>° c½o§A »®íªM <jBM> , (ê)t±«B%§A »@


ã ³§BP ;B´M bB½o§A ¸oXñ§ ; q¼ijBM
/B´L´
Ø «Ò
[ 89 ] Ò ß LÒ §A )
( PlB
ã AmÇñµ ;ÓAk½kÇ{ nB~Ç@ ¹hLI »‾jÑA K®í§A o¼~î « gLÔI B« :B´dT@° ¤Am§A ovñM
Ȃ@

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° / t±«B%§A


/oªh§A : ²jBM Joí« (ë)

[ 90 ] ( ¬B\Ö
Ò ‾lB
ß LÒ §A )
/ (ì)nBdL§A »@
ã »v¦\ª§A
ã ³§BP ;¹¦ª´ª§BM ¬B\‾jBM Joí«
Ø ,¹ª\íª§A ¤Am§BM
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA KG§A
KTÇA « oµBx§A ±µ° / (7)<¬B¢‾jBM> ¤B%½° , ¬B¢®UBM Joí« Ø KTA èíM »@°
ã
BªA ³¼LzU o¼vmU ¬B¼e »MÑ
ã ¿ ¥¼´vT§A bo{ î ¥%‾ BªA K‾Ñ¿BM ²o¼vmU° / ¹¼wnBm§A ¹U¦§A
(8)

/ ©v§A
Ø ºÑã A < oµp > @«° , kk
Ø ºÑã A < jBM > @« KHo« ±µ° :¤B 1ê . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1
»MoÇî ³ÇM ° k®½±£ oµpBQ ¨A±î ³H SwA oµpjB8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (oµpjBM ) 210.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/ SwA oµpjB8 ¬C Joí«°
Ø :¤B 231.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]ã ¡®µo8 oF‾A° /k®‾A±i u¼T§A o\e
/318.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 199.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 211.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/22ë.ì3 nA±‾Ñ¿A nBdM (ì
»Moî ³M An ¬C° , SwA ¬B\‾jBM ºB®í« ° ¬p° oM »wnB8 bBH BM :¤B (¬B¢‾jBM) 213.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/ k®½±£ < !ke>
/(¬B¢®UBM) 17ë.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (8
( j pÒ nB
Ö ÒL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 101

/¤±dm§A èíM ³¼§Aá nB{ÑA


[ 91 ] ( jÒpnB
Ö LÒ §A )
JoíÇ«
Ø ,¹d½Ao§A jØ Be , »ñG~ª§A
ã ³Lz½ ¾A°j :jpÒ o¼L§A
Ö ¤B%½° ,ºAq§A cT@° ¾Ao§A ¬±ñvM
/ (1)[®µo@ »@
ã BªA Ç »‾BX§A
ã ovA° ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM Ç ²q½oMÒ

Ø ³‾Ø ÑA éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@°


/¤°ÑØ ¿A ovñM ²q½oMß Joí« ã
(2)

[ 92 ] ( [Ö‾nB
Ò LÒ §A )
/³¼LzT§A JBM « ¡Ö®Ò§BÒM J±¦%« ³®pÑA° / ¡‾nBM Joí«
Ø , ¥¼]nB®§A
(3)

[ 93 ] ( [«Ò BÒ‾nB
Ö LÒ §A )
B´¼Ç@ KTÇñ½ »T§A
ã :<³«B‾>° ,¥ªd§A
ß :<nBM> , ³«B‾nBM Joí«
Ø ,JBvd¦§ ¹í«B\§A ¹Pn±§A
/ (ê)oÄAov§A »@
ã wxyz{ u½njA MA ³§BP Amñµ ;¤BªeÑ¿A ¥¼~mU

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA t±«B%§A »@°


/ ³«B‾oM Joí« ã
(ë)

/ (ì)oµBp o¼Š ±µ°


[ 9ê ] ( j°nB
Ô LÒ §A )
»‾B½oÇv§A
ã »Ç@
㠱ǵ° , R°nBÇM Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ±µ° ,©dm§A° Zn±z§A « KAoª§A Amµ
/ (7)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã BªA ³vm‾ <Zn±z§A>

/SwA < jpo¼M > ° < jpnBM > ¬C Joí«°


Ø :¤B (²q½oQ ) 8ì9.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (1
/j±M
Ò < jpo¼M > ° < jpnBM > ¬C Joí«
Ø :¤B (²q½oM ) 270.1 é?B ¬BµoM oF‾A (2
/¥¼]nB®§A : [‾nBL§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/293.2 oÄAov§A (ê
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(³®« ) nB)wÑ¿A »8
ã ³¦ªíTwA BªH < [«B‾oM > ³Moí« ¬ÑA oµBF§A ¥M (ì
/(j°nBM ) 21ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
102 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ºnB
ã ÒL§A )

[ 9ë ] ( ºnB
ã LÒ §A )
/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø ;²B®íªw B« »¦î ²AnBQ Joí«
Ø ,q½oG§A :¾B½nBL§A°
[ 9ì ] ( ºã pB
ß LÒ §A )
/oµBp ±µ° (2)pBM Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ,o¼G§A bnA±] «
[ 97 ] Ò LÒ §A )
( 1{B
/ (ê)²o¼Š° (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ; ³ Ò{BM Joí«
Ø ,oÄBI :o]B´A
Ò
[ 98 ] ( ¹¼Ò ^ß BLÒ §A )
/ÓAoí{ jn°ÑA ©Y ,ÓBMoí« ³®pÑA : (ë)bBd~§A »@
ã ¤BP /¾B‾¿á A
/oµBp ±µ° , ³½jBM Joí«
Ø ±µ :¤±PÑA
[ 99 ] ( 1ÖBÒM )
<k@BM> o¼Š <q@BM> ¬±A ¤BªTeA° / (ì)SJBM Joí«
Ø ,¬B«oñM k¦M :Ç ¾Bm§A ¬±ñvM Ç kÖ@BM°
/ (7)¨ÀîÑ¿A èíM ³¦ªTeA kP° ,o¼Lh§A »¦î p±\½ ¿ >°oíª§A

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 377.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/1ë . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 213.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/1ì . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ê
: oîBz§A ¤B j±]B®§A ±µ° ÓBMoí« ³®¡ÑA° , ¾B‾Aá :¹¼?BL§A :¤B (BaM ) 2281.ì bBd~§A (ë
³¼T]BÇe SHnjÑA AkLÇ8 ¹¼?BÇM° A°kÇî A±MoÇ
»=ÇT§A < ¬B«oH>ÇM k¦M :Ç ¾B)§A ¬±ñvM Ç kÖ8BM :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 278.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/S8BM :Joí«Ø , ¬B®HBw B´¼8
:x8BÇM ° ¬BÇ]o¼w ¬BTwo´{ ºB´zhM pA »ñ½ :S8BM :¤B (x8BM )° (S8BM ) 233.ë @¼í« ¡®µo8 (7
/jq½ ¬BTwo´{ ºB´zhM pA »ñ½
( ³Ò½±ÔH BÒM ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 103

(1) ( ³½±Ô, BM )
[ 100 ] Ò Ò
/²B®íªw B« »¦î ³M±(jBM Joí«
Ø ©\í§BM k¦M
[ 101 ] ( [¼Ö Lß ÒM )
/ (3)º±T¦ª§A
ã ºÑã A _¼PM Joí«
Ø , éiA±« ©wA :¥¼í@ »¦î
(2)

[ 102 ] ( [Ø LÔ §A )
/o´x½ B« »¦î (ë)³`Ø M Joí«
Ø , oÄBG§A fo@ :©6§BM
(ê)

[ 103 ] ( AnBÒhMÔ )
B´¼Ç@ ©¦í§A n±@±§ ;©¦í§A o¼XA »®íªM ,o~%§BM AnBhM Joí«
Ø , >°oí« k¦M :kª§A° ©6§BM
(ì)

/²Æz®« »µ°
ã ,¸nAod§A »®íªM ³‾ÑA ¹´] « ©¦í§A »¦î nBhM hÀIAá ¬ÑA oµBx§A° /¾Bª¦í§A ¸oXñM
[ 10ê ] ( gM
à gà MÒ )
Ø B´®pÑA / ¾»z§A
/ ³M ³M ¤B%½° ³Q ³Q ¹Moí« (7)
ã ¨BxíTwA k®î ¤B%U ¹ª¦A :cTm§BM
[ 10ë ] Ô ÖhMÔ )
( o~ÒÚ ‾ S

k®Mnk§A »eA±‾
ã @« k¦M :Ç ¹e±T)« ¾B½° °A±§A ¬±ñw° , bBñ§A ©qM Ç ³½±H BM :¤B 328.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1
/¹ª¼Fî Y)‾ @¼î ³¼8 , ¬A°oz§A »eA±‾ ã @«
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/o~‾ »®M ã ¸o½q]
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/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 178.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
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xz«j , o´®§A ¾An°B« pA n±´z« SwA ºo´{ :Ç AnAk«Ô ¬p° oM ¤°A ©qM Ç AnBhM ¤B 238.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/Svµ ©µ ¬BTªµ Ø KeBæ Swj pA ³½B®H ° , nBhM pA
/gM gM : ¤B=¼8 ¹;§BLª¦§ noñU° ¾»z§BM
ã Bko§A° bkª§A k®î ¤B=U ¹ª¦H :gM ¤B (ghM ) ê18.1 bBd~§A (7
! @veÑA B« : ²B®í«° , < gÖ QÔ > K½oíU , ¬BvdTwA ³ª¦H : gM à gM
à :17 . ¹Moíª§A
Ø ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8° ã
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10ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( kØ ÔL§A )

RB½A°o§A oXAÑA »¦î ¹¼‾Bñ{Ñ¿A ᦪ§A èíM ¥«Bî :Ç ©Ø%LA Ç o~Ú Ò‾° ,¾Bh§A ¬±ñw°©6§BM
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ã ±µ° ,¬Bñ{ÑA M pnj±£ ±µ° , m§A ¥µÑA èíM ³§BP B« »¦î
(2) (1)

Si±M Joí« ,tk%ª§A S¼M JAoi° ©´¦T%M <o~‾ ShM> ³¦«Bî o«ÑB@ , c
defg B½oAp M »¼d½
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Ò Ç o~‾°
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±µ° /¹¼‾BG¦v§A KæB®ª§A JBdæÑA »@
ã Kv®§A ¹§Aln ¬±îk½ ½m§A »¦î jØ n W¼e ³h½nBU
(ê)

/³Ø¦d« »@
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ã ¸jBí§A ,©í‾
BÇ« j±~%ª§A° , »‾Ao~®§A°
ã ºj±´¼§A
ã MA° q½k‾q§A MA ¬À@ :¤B%½ BªA ÓBLµm« k%Tí½¿ ³ª¦x§
/¹%¼%e ¹Lv‾ ³‾ÑA ¿ ²B‾oAl
[ 10ì ] ( kØ LÔ §A )
/ (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA SMÔ Joí«
Ø ,©®~§A :©6§BM
[ 107 ] ( ¬BKÒ {Ö kß LÒ §A )
³ÇM bo~Ç«
Ø ±µ° ,Ç »‾BX§A
ã ovA° ¤°Ñ¿A cTmM Ç ¬B¢ Ö{kß MÒ Joí«
Ø ,ºjoL§A ³Lz½ ³¼MÑA ¥UBP
/¬BzAkM° (ì)¬B¢wkM° ¬BU{kM ¤B%½°

/²kÇ{ ²jAj ¥MBÇM ònqÇM ²B{jBQ °j ³M ³H »¦MBM K=§ @½oU»§Bî (o~‾ ShM ) :2êì.ë @¼í« ¡®µo8 (1
k®v½±‾ ¥~T« SMBTH nj An o~‾ ShM ²B£ /SwA ¨B‾ @¼ªµ ²k{ »‾Ao½A < ³{o®ThM > B½ < »wo‾ ShM >
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/(o~‾ ShM ) 20ì . Joíª§A
Ø :‚À?¿á A k½qª§ oF‾A° /SwA Y¦„ < o~®§A ShM >
/< pnj±H > :¥æÑ¿A »8
ã (2
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/3ëê° 231.1 ¬°k¦i @MA g½nBU oF‾A (ê
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 27ì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/ (¬B;{kM° ¬B¢{kM , ¬B¢wkM) ¶jB« 2êê.1 é?B ¬BµoM oF‾A (ì
( aÒMoÖ ÒL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 10ë

[ 108 ] ( bÒMoÖ LÒ §A )
Ȃ@
ã AmÇñµ ;²nk~M ³´Lz§ ³M »ªw
ã / p°ÑØ ¿A nkæ »®íªM SMoM Joí«
(1)
Ø ,j±í§A :omí\A
/ (2)t±«B%§A
qئî Bª§ ³¦îB] ¬ÑA° ,n±L®G§A o¼vmU »@
ã ¾»\¼w
ã Ø ³Ø‾ÑA :¤B%½ ¬ÑA o´pÑ¿A°
Bª§ ; k®MoM Joí«
nk~§A j°kz« »®íªM °ÑA ,²k§° ¸n±æ »¦î ¹§Ð¿A ²mµ toTiA /¸o\{ »¦î ³´]° ¤BLP ²k§°
/nBU°Ñ¿BM
[ 109 ] ( RoLÔ §A )
/q½oG§A »¦î ؤj ºÑã A (ê)joÖ MÔ Joí«
Ø ,oµBª§A ¥¼§k§A ¥]o§A :©6§BM
(3)

[ 110 ] ( ZoÖ LÔ §A )
¸kíǪ§A ¸o¼Lñ§A ¹®¼mv¦§ <¹]nBL§A> ³®«° ,ZnBM :¥¼%@ , ²nBM Joí«
Ø , ~d§A :©6§BM
(ë)

/ (ì)ZnBM omh« ZoL§B@ ,¤BT%¦§


[ 111 ] ( kÖ®]Ò oÖ Mß )
/ÄBP° uiow ¼M (7)¬BwAoi jÀM « k¦M :©¼\§A cT@° ¾BL§A ovñM
/oµBp ±µ° (8)¬s¼M ¤B%½° , \¼M °ÑA ,oñví§A o¼XA ºÑã A k®aÔ oÖ QÔ Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA
[ 112 ] ( Z ÒjoÖ LÒ §A )

¤°A cT8 ³M ° / k{BM ònqM »MB„o« pA »î±‾ :p±Ø µÒ ¬p° oM »‾BY k½kzU BM (p°A) :18ê.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/SwA »Moî k®½±£ ; SwA ²k«C ©µ »‾BY ° ¤°AØ ovH ³M ° , »‾BY ovH °
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ë0.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(RoM ) 2ê3.1 bBd~§A (3
/ ¾B¼q§A ²B®í«° , < ±ÒUoÖ QÒ > @« xTz« :¤B 8 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ê
/@~d§A° @Ho§A :©q§BM ZoL§A ¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 178.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/ »‾B‾±½
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ã ³¦æÑA ¬ÑA ¥=‾ , (ZoM ) ëê Ç ë3 . ¹¼Moí§A ©]Bíª§A »8 ã ¹¼wnB)§A RBª¦ñ§A (ì
¬BÇwAoÇi S½¿° pA SwA ºA³½o ¨B‾ : Ç k®L§j ¬p° oM ¤°A ovñM Ç k®]Ò oÖ Mß :¤B 2ë1.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/¾Ao§A° ¾BL§A @¼M ¾B¼§A ¹8BkBá M k®]o¼M :¬Ð¿A b°oíª§A° :¤±E /çB¼M S{j ³M ð½jq‾
/(¬s¼M° @\¼M ) 33ì° 332.1 é?B ¬BµoM (8
10ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( oÖ¼{ß jÒ oÖ ÒM )

/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ; ²joM Joí«
Ø , »Lv§A
ã :omí\A
[ 113 ] ( o¼Ö {ß ÒjoÖ MÒ )
/ (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ; o¼{ ²jnA Joí«
Ø ,¬B«oñM k¦M
[ 11ê ] ( ¹îÒ ÒjoÖ LÒ §A )
/ ²joQ Joí«
Ø ,¥eo§A SdU »%¦½ u¦d§A :W§BX§A° ¤°Ñ¿A cT@° ¹ª\íª§A° ¹¦ª´ª§BM
Ø ,¬B\¼Ö MÒ nÒÖ lÐA »~PÑBM k¦M :³§Aj …%®U kP° ¨¿ ÀM°
B« »¦î ³¦æÑA° , ²k®M ¤B%½° (3)²joM Joí«
/k¼Lí§A ¬Bñ« ²B®íª@ ,ϧB®µ ©´§q‾ÑA° ÓB¼Lw »Lw ©´®« ÓBñ¦« ¬Ñ¿ ;¬Aj ²joM (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã
[ 11ë ] Ò LÔ §A )
( Zlo
³§ ¤B%½ qz§A
Ø »§Aá tov½ Àç ;J±X§A >AoIÑA »@ Ø , oLÄq§A :qÒIoÔÖ %A
ã ¥ªí½ B« : ²poM Joí«
(ë)

/¤±ªíª§A Amµ <²p>° ,K‾B\§A :<oM> />B\æ


[ 11ì ] ( ¬°lÒ oÖ L§A
ß )
/ (ì)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA ¹MAk§A
Ø :¤Am§A cT@° ¾BL§A ovñM
/B´®« q¼Tí§A ©½oñ§A ¥ªz½¿ ³‾ÑA oµBx§A°
²±ÇMÑA ºm§A
ã :¼\´§A° /¬B~§Bi ¬B%¼Tî ¬B¼Moî
Ø ³«ÑØ A° ²±MÑA ºm§A
ã :q¼Tí§A : oÄAov§A »m@
(7)
ã
:oîBz§A ¤BP /¬°loM ²±MÑA° ,¹%¼Tî ¹ª½oA ³«ÑØ A ºm§A
ã :>o%ª§A° /¹‾°loM ³«ÑØ A° ,q¼Tî ©½oA
Õ¥UÇM B´¦Ø¦\ÇÇU tAoÇÇ@Ñ
à A ¹Ô ¦¼¦ÇÇw ¹Õ ¼MoÇÇî ¸Õ o´ÇÇ« ¿ÑØ A k®Çǵ
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/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 178.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/¬B«oñM k¦M :¥¼L\‾qH o¼{joM :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 370.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(‚joM ) 2ëë Ç 2ëê.ë @¼í« ¡®µo8 (3
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼í§A JBM ) ê.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/ Joí«
Ø , oLÄq§A : x?o=H ZpoL§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 178.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 201.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/1ê.2 oÄAov§A (7
( I½ pß oÖ L§A
ß ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 107

/»´T‾A
ã ¤BP / ¬jÒ oÖ Mß ¤B%½ kP° /¹¦ª´ª§A ¤Ak§BM ³‾Ø ÑA ¿Ø Aá ¬p±§A »¦î ¬°Ö jÒ oÖ Mß Joí«
:[®µo@ »@ Ø ±µ°
(1)

/ (3)tom§A ¹U§ »@
ã ¹ª\íª§BM ¤B%½ Bª« u¼§° , ¹í½ov§A ¹MAk§A »®íªM ³‾Aá
(2)

[ 117 ] ( ½pß oÖ L§A


ß )
t±MoP »¦î q¦í½ ºm§A
ã ¾B‾¿á A ºÑã A ½poMÒ Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA / é¦G§A ozP « ¹Moz« :ovñ§BM
(ê)

/Zov§A
[ 118 ] ( tBÒ^oÖ LÔ §A )
tBUoÇMÒ JoíÇ« , (ì)k¦ÇM ©ÇwA ¥¼P° ,¨°o§A çnÑA ©iBTU (ë)¹íwA° jÀM ©´§ ©«Ñ
Õ A :©6§BM
Ø
/oµBp ±µ° /cTm§BM

[ 119 ] ( qUÒ oÖ LÒ §A )
Joí«
Ø , ³«ÑA é« »z« AlAá ¸o%L§A k§° :¤BMoÖ Iß ° n±Ôm~Ö îÔ ° mÔmÖ®ÔP° oÒmíÖ \ÒÒ A ¹ª\íª§A ¼U§BM
(7)

/³«ÑØ A K®] »îo½ ºm§A


ã ²B®í«° , n±ioM

ÓBq½ÑA x¦a½° , °kÖ í§A


Ò »8ã jAkT{¿á A ²B®í«° < ¬jÒ oÖ Mß > ¹¼wnB)§BM ±µ° :¤B 19 . ¹Moíª§A
Ø ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1
/¥d)§A ¬B~d§A »¦î
»Moî S;§ @½A k®½±£° , k®½±£ An k®U ° k¦] o‾ KwA :Ç ¬±îo8 ¬p° oM Ç (¬°joM) 2ë3.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/ SwA
¬E KveEÒ : k½nj@ÇMA ¤BÇ /ϧl ³¼¦Çî ¥=ÇY :¥Ç]o§A ¬Ò lÒ oÖ MÒ :¤B (¬loM) ëê.18 t°oí§A ZBU »8° ã (3
/ϧl @« xTz« ¬°loL§A
, Joí«
Ø »wnB8
ã ³¼8 Joz½ é¦a§A oz @« ¾B‾Aá :Ç ovñ§BM Ç @½poL§A :¤B (¬poM) ë1.13 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (ê
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ã ºB? BM Ç :tB?oM :(tB?oÖ ÒM° tBÒUoÖ ÒM ) 2ë8° 2ë0.1 é?B ¬BµoM oF‾A (ì
q¼‾ An ²BM°n ¬C Sw±Q ° jnAj»« J±i Sw±Q B\‾C ²BM°n :k®½±£ , ¬BTvHoU S½¿° pA SwA ºo´{
/SwA ²k«C ©µ »wnB8 ºBM BM ° k®½±£»« tB?oM
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Aq§A JBM ) 1ìì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
108 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( oÒ ÒL§A )

[ 120 ] ( PoÒ LÒ §A )
/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA k½kzT§BM ²oMØ Joí«
Ø ,¥ªÒ d§A
Ò :¹Aod«
, (2)¾Bª¦Çí§A çBǽn »@
ã ³§BP ; ǾAo§A ¬±ñvM Ç »P
ã oÖ L§A
Ò o¼Š ±´@ ,¸A°o§A « »P
ã oÒ L§A
Ò ³®«°
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ã ¬ÑA ¹¼m®d§A RB%LI »@
㠹ü6ª§A oµA±\§A JBTA KeBæ î ¥%‾°
¾AnBhÇM »§Aá A±¦%TÇ‾A ¨pnA±Çi Ç« o¼LA S¼M »µ°
ã ,hoÒ MÒ »§Aá ¹Lv®§A ²mµ >B%§A BµoiÐA »@°
ã
/Bµ±®ñw°
MAá ¤BP /¬Àªd§A é¼L½¬BA ³‾Ñ¿ ;¸Bz§Ak§° <²oM>
Ø ¹¼wnBm§BM »µ°
ã ,hoM »§Aá ¹Lv®§A ²mµ°
/ (3)oñM »M
ã Aá M &AkLî ±MÑA ³®MA MA »§
ã oAl Amñµ :¿±AB«
[ 121 ] ( éDÔ oÖ LÔ §A )
»¦Çî ¬±ñ½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A fnÔ oÖ MÒ Joí«
Ø
(ê) JA°k§A° ¾Bv®¦§ ¬±ñ½ ,n±Ôm~î° Jk®]° mÔm®%A
Ø Ö Ô ÒÖÔ ÖÔ
/nBTTwÀ
á § ³]±§A
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ã ºÑã A <fnÔ J>
ß ¹Moí«
Ø ,<J> B´Un±æ o¼íL§A mhm§ ¹ªw :mm®%A°
/¾BL§A

[ 122 ] ( [Ö‾oß L§A


ß )
/ »wnBm§A
ã ¾BL§BM (ë)¡‾oQ Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ,RAq¦m§A « : »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A ovñM

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 212.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


¸k¦M ºo @« < j°n !oÖ MÒ > »§Aá ¹Lv‾ Ç ¾Ao§A ¬±ñvM Ç »
ã oÖ L§A
Ò YLk oH l ³‾Bá 8 , 29 Ç 28.7 ¾Bª¦í§A çB½n (2
, ¸k¦L§A ²mµ @« u¼§ @wBdª§A KeBæ ¬ÑA oµBF§A @ñ§ :¤±ÑA° :¤B ©Y , Jo;ª§A jÀM @« < ¹ÒoÖ MÒ > ° ©
/ ¹Ã¼qª§A oµA±\§A JBTH KeBæ ¨ÀH oH l ©Y , ¾Ao§A cT)M » ã oÒ L§A
Ò YLk oH l ©Y
/ê83.1 ¤BªH ¿á A (3
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼í§A JBM ) ê.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
RAq¦8 pA »î±‾ ¬C° , k®‾A±i An [‾oM Ç »‾BY ã ° ¤°A ovH ³M Ç ¡‾oQ :¤B (¡‾oQ ) 390.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/k{BM
( k‾oßÒ L§A
ß ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 109

[ 123 ] ( k‾oß Ò L§A


ß )
/éIB%§A ºÑã A ²kÖ‾oÒ MÔ Joí«
Ø , k‾o@¿á BA ³¼{°° ²oµ±]° o¼v§A :²ÅAn cTm½° k‾oß mß A
(2) (1)

[ 12ê ] ( »‾
ã oÖ LÒ §A )
/ (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ;k¼\§A
Ø ¥ªd§A ºÑã A ϼ‾oM Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« oªU :cTm§BM
[ 12ë ] ( joÖ ]°
ß oÔ MÔ )
jo£±¦ÇM ¤B%½° jo£°oÇM Joí« ³®pÑA / (ê)¬Akªµ JoP >°oí« k¦M :©¼\§A ovA° ¾BL§A ©6M
Ø
jo\ÖTwj° jo\ÖMAnAj° jo\Ö‾p±M° jo]°ovi
ß :±d‾ ²oÄBx®A ³¼‾BLߧ ©wA ±µ° ,°oM ¥ªî »®íªM

Ø B« »¦î ¾¿Æµ ¥ªî »®íªM B´Ø¦A ,jo]ß jBµo@° jo\ß w¿°°


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ã ¤BP°
/x°B¼w° JAnAj k¦M jAoª§A :¤BP° <jo] x°B¼w>° <jo\MAnAkM>
/³¼@ B«° n±v§A »®íªM <jo£> « l±iÑB« ±´@ Amµ »¦î° :¤±.ÑA
[ 12ì ] ( ¬BÒµoÖ LÔ §A )
,ÓB6½ÑA »wnBm§A
ã ¾BL§BM ¤B%½°/Ç (7)cTm§BM Ç / ¬±µoÖ MÒ Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA / ¹íIB%§A ¹\d§A :©6§BM
(ì)

/SwA ²k«C °j oµ , kÖ®ªÒ wÒ ¬p° oM ¤°A cT8 ³M° , kÖ®\Ò iÔ ¬p° oM ¤°A ©k ³M (k‾oM ) :2ìë.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1
389 . oFÇ‾A° /k‾A³T)£ q¼‾ »wnB8 ºBM BM »®í« @½A ³M° , nAjoµ±]° nAkMC° q¼U o¼zª{° ¨¼U »®íªM
/(k‾oÒ QÒ )
/< k‾l¿BH > ¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A »8°
ã , ¹?±ahª§A »8 ã AmH (2
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 201.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/ê0ê.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
/(jo£ ) 1787.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
B« B«ÑA° /©¦í¦§ ¸k¼)ª§A ¹í?B=§A ¹\d§A : ¬BµoL§A , ¥¼§k§A° ¬BµoL§A @¼M !o)§A :¤B 97 : ¹½±;¦§A !°o)§A (ì
/¥¼§k§A :@F§A k¼)½
; < ¹µÒ oÒ µÖ oÇ
Ò L§A>
Ò @Ç« , B´eBqǽAá ° ¹\Çd§A ¬B¼M :¬BµoL§A :¥¼¦h§A ¤B :21 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (7
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA cæÑ¿A° :S¦ /³UBLX§ ; < ¹µoL§A> @« °ÑA , ³U¾Bk
oµBF§A ckA±§A :²B®í«° , < ¬Bµ°oÔ MÔ > @î Joí« Ò ¿á
/¨±¦íª§A
110 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ºoÒ ÒL§A )

αÇñz§A hoGÇU
Ø « 鮪½ ¬BµoL§A ¬ÑBñ@ ,Bµ±d‾° ~d§A° h±G§A° ¹§B´§BA ¸oÄAj Ø¥A ±µ°
/©~h§A ¾À¼TwA î ~d§A 鮪½ BªA »î
ã kª§A
Ø »¦î
[ 127 ] ( ºoÒ LÒ §A )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î AoQÖ AÒ Joí«
(2)
Ø
(1) JAoT§A :cTm§BM

[ 128 ] ( ZnÖÔ qMÔ )


,¸A°o§A èíÇL§ ©Õ Ò¦ÇîÒ :ÓAo¼ÇiÑA ©¼Ç\§A° ¹¦ª´ª§A ¾Ao§A ¬±ñw° ¹ª\íª§A ºAq§A° ¾BL§A ©6M
/ (3)o¼Lñ§A ºÑã A »ª\í§A
Øã >Bñ§BM ònqM Joí«
Ø
[ 129 ] ( qØ MÔ )
qÇMÔ JoíÇ« ³®ÇpÑA /VkdǪ§A ºn±MBv¼Ç®§A
ã &AkLÇî ÇM ©¼µAoMAá K%§ :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
Ø
/ (ê)o¼mhT§BM
[ 130 ] ( ¹wB
Ò LÒ vÖ LÒ §A )
A±eoæ
Ø B« »¦î ²pBMqM Joí«
Ø , ¾BLIÑ¿A B´¦ªíTv½ k®´§A « K¦\U omæÔ hAn°ÑA :cTm§BM
(ë)

/ (ì)³M

[ 131 ] ( ¬BÒTvÖ LÔ §A )
SvMÔ ÓB6ǽÑA ¤B%ǽ° , (8)¬BTÇwA±M omh« ±µ ¥M , (7)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³®Ø p BªA JoíªM u¼§ Ø

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾B¼§A° ¾A±§A JBM ) 303.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


kÇ‾p S;§ ³ÇM , ²k¼ÇzH G§A ³ÇM ³a=‾»ÇM ºAn° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç (AoQA ) :8ë.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/k®‾A±i < JAoU> »Moî ³M ° , k®½±£ An  Bi :k‾pBQ °
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Aq§A JBM ) 1ìì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 201.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(pBMqM ) 272.1 é?B ¬BµoM° /< pBMqÒ MÒ > K½oíU 22 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ì
@¼UBÇvM :[‾BTw±ÇM JoíÇ«
Ø :©q§BM ¬BTvL§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 201.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/ ¬±UBvM°
( [ ÒT vÖ ÔL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 111

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ã ¥ªíTÇwA ©Y ,¹L¼G§A
Ø bB½nÑ¿A éi±« ²B®í«° /[®µo@ »@ ã BªA kvMÔ °
(1)

/ÓB6½ÑA ©îÑ¿A ¥M ,nB\{Ñ¿A


[ 132 ] ( [ÒTvÖ LÔ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ÏTvM Joí«
(2)
Ø ,nk®A ³‾Aá :¤B%½° ,Œªæ
[ 133 ] ( ¬BKÒTv
Ö LÔ §A )
/³¼îAo½° ¬BTvL§A º°Ñ
ã B½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A ¬Bi SvM Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA / ¬BTvL§A KeBæ :©6§BM
(3)

/¹½o%§A »@
ã ³T¼M ¬±ñ½ ºm§A Ø ÓB6½ÑA ¬B%µj ¬ÑA ©¦í½ B®µ «°
ã ºÑã A ¬Bi ²j Joí«
(ê)

[ 13ê ] ( mvÚ LÔ §A )
(ì) ¨BTvM ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½° /¹¦ª´ª§BM (ë) kvM Joí« ,¬B]oª§A :¹ª\í« ¤Al ²oiÐA »@° ,oÚñ vA
ß Ø Ø ã Ô
/ (7)¾BL§A ovñM
/>°oíª§A k¦L§A :¨BGvM ³®« ¥í§°
/ (8)¨BTw°A Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾Aá :¥¼P°
/oµBp o¼Š ±µ°

/< ¬BTw±M> G)h« (¬BTvM) :278.1 é?B ¬BµoM (8


/(kvÔM ° SvÔM ) 279 ° 277.1 é?B ¬BµoM , (kvM ° ¬BTvM° SvM ) 1272.1 ºo¼¢‾B´] ã ¡®µo8 (1
, Ç @ÇH BÇw ©¼]° »‾B±8
ã cT8° »‾BY
ã ¬±ñw° ¤°A ©k ³M Ç [TvM :¤B ([TvM ) 278.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/SwA ³TvQ Sinj ¨ªæk®½±£ »qíM ° , xk®½±£ nk®H ³H k{BM »;ªæ¬C° /SwA < ¡TvM > Joí« Ø
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 213.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
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/SwA ¬C Joí« Ø ¬B=µj° , k{BM ‚nAq«Ô °
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) 3ë1.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¨BTvM ) 1272.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (ì
/³îoÇ8° ¬BÇ]oª§A ¥æÑ¿ ©wA ±µ° , ¤°q=§A »ªv½°
Ø :kvÖ L§A
Ò :23 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¤B (7
/uñí§A ¬±§±=½ ¤±° , ‚o8 kL§A° ¥æE ¬B]oª§A :¤±=½ ©´qíM° , ¬B]oª§BM 鼪\§A »ªv½ ã ©´qíM°
/kvÚ MÔ K½oíU ±µ° , ³¼8 ¹;§ mvØ L§A°
Ô
/(¨BavM ) 30 . ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (8
112 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹,±Ô\vÖ ÔL§A )

[ 13ë ] ( ¹D±ÔMvÖ LÔ §A )

Ø ³‾Ø ÑA ¥¼P ±§° / t±«B%§A »@


Joí« ã AmA ; ±TvM Joí«
Ø ,nBhm§A « :¾BT§BM ¤B%½° ,©6§BM
(1)

/veÑA ¬Bñ§ ±TvQÒ


[ 13ì ] ( [½Ò B!Ò vÖ LÒ §A )
¹´¼LÇz§A ³P°oÇî ¸oXÇñ§ ;¥Ç]Ö o§A
ß o¼XÇñ§A ºÑã A ³½BÇQ uMÒ Joí«
(2)
Ø ,RBL‾ ¥æÑA :cTm§BM
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA KTñ§A èíM »@°
/ (3)Ï½Ò BQ uQÒ Joí« ã /¥]nÑ¿BM
[ 137 ] Ö ÒM )
( 1LÒ z
/ (ë)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø ; ³LzM Joí«
Ø ,¬B\µBz§A °o« ºoP « :omí\A
(ê)

[ 138 ] Ö ÔM )
( Sz
SzQ Joí« (ì)¹½oP ¼TÄB«° ½ozî° ¹Tw »¦î ¹¦ªTz« ¸o¼LA n±MBv¼®M ¹½¿° :©6§BM
Ø
B´¦XÇ«° (7)éIBÇ%§A ¬BµoL§A »@ B« »¦î n±MBv¼‾ o´p »@ B´î±P±§ ³M S¼ªw , »ª\í§A ¾BL§BM
ã ã Ø Ô ã
/ (8)u¼ŠlBM »eA±‾
ã « SzM
[ 139 ] ( 1½oß ÖML§A
ß )
/ »«°n
ã ±µ° ,Ç omí\A Ç ÎoÖÒ =MÒ Joí«
Ø , ¨°o§A jA±P
(9)
Ø « kÄB%§A° ºnB~®§A u¼Än :ovñ§BM

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 213.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(³½BPvM ) 277.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
uM > JoíÇ«
ß SwA »FÇ)§ : Ç »ae ºB½° ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç [½B)vM :¤B ([½B)vM ) 280.1 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/k®‾A±i < ¥]nÑ¿A o¼XH ° K¦ñ§A tAokA> »Moî ³M ³H SwA »Ä°nAj ¬C° < ð½BQ
/ê2ê.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
/(³LzM ) 282.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/ê2ë.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ì
/(SzQ ) ê07.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/(SzMÔ ) 119.1 ‚À?¿A kæAo« (8
/(!oaM ) 1êë0.ê bBd~§A (9
( ØaÒL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 113

[ 1ê0 ] Ø LÒ §A )
(b
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ã ³M boæ
Ø ;Ç o¼mhT§BM Ç SÖ MÒ Joí«
Ø ,¾Bª§A o¼I :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
[ 1ê1 ] ( n±LÔ Ö LÔ §A )
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Ø , n±mh@° n±mU@ ¤B%½°
(ê) (3) (2) ¼~§A Ϧ« K%§ :©6§BM

¬Bí]o½ Bª´¦í§° , (ì)©®~§A :o´®§A ¾An°B« ¹U§ »@


ã <Œ@> ,©®~§A k§° °ÑA ³]±§A vd§A ²B®í«°
/>±æ±ª§A »§Aá ¹m~§A ¹@BiAá JBM « miÑA ±§ keA° »®í« »§Aá
[ 1ê2 ] ( jAkÖÒ ÒM )
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¥A »@ Ø B´Ø¦A ,Joí§A hAoî «
ã ³¦ik½ ¬BA ºovA ¬Ñ¿ ϧl° ,©¦xT§A ¬BTvM ºÑã A jAk5BM Joí«
/¬±ª¦xT¼@ tB®§A î JB\d§A é@o½° ¸o« t±LwÑA
o§BÇw »Ç@
ã ¬BA° / ¼‾BµoL§A »@
(7)
ã AmA /©¦xT§A :B®µ <jAj>° ,o¼Lñ§A ¬BTvL§A :<ïBM>
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/m§A ¥µÑA « ¤±dm§A èíM
¥¼%@ , (8)»GîÑA »®íªM <jAj>° ©®~§A ©wA <ŒM> ,©®~§A »GîÑA ºÑã A jAj WM ³¦æÑA ¬Aá :¥¼P°
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ã Bª‾Aá
lAkUM A±§±%½ ¬ÑA ¬±½o~L§A »MÒ ÒÑA :c¼~m§A bo{ »@
ã »w±¼¦GL§A
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ã

/(SM ) 232.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1


/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 37ë.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(o;M ) ëê.3 t°oí§A ZBU (3
/(n±)h8 ) 1êê1.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(n±P;M ) ëë1.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 (ë
< SM > »®í« ³M o´®§A ¾An°B« ° ¹‾B„o8 S;§ ³M Ç »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç :¨8 :1ê91.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/k®‾A±i ©®æ ¬BMoî ³H k{BM»«
/(jAk;M ) 289.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/ ¹¼aî :< lAj > ° , ©®æ : < ¨M > ¬Ñ¿ ; ©®~§A ¹¼aî :¹¼wnB)§BM lAk;MAá :¤B 2ì2.1 ©\íTwA B« ©\í« (8
11ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( n±zÖÔ ÒM )

/¹¼‾BX§A ¨B\îAá ° »§°Ñ¿A ¤Ak§A ¤BªµBá M


[ 1ê3 ] Ô MÒ )
( n±zÖ
ºÑã A , n±{±ÇÒ
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/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;¹d§Bª§A ¸omd§A
« ²o¼¼UU »§Aá ZBTd‾ À@ ¸omd§A »®íªM <ŒM> ¬Ñ¿ ;K½oíU À@ ³¼@ o¼¼UU ¿ ³‾ÑA oµBx§A°
/RBMoíª§A
Ú »@ ã k¼íM o¼¼UT§A Amµ ¥X« ÓB6½ÑA° , <±£>
(2)

[ 1êê ] ( uKÖ LÒ §A )
/ (3)KTñ§A èíM »@
ã BªA jBzªz§A ±µ° , »‾B‾±¼§A
ã ¼vXM Joí«
Ø
[ 1êë ] ( ©KÚ LÒ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ú ±µ° ,ϽodT§BM ©ÒñMÒ Joí«
(ë)
Ø , ŒL~§A Kzi :>B%§A k½kzU° cTm§BM
(ê)

[ 1êì ] ( tÀLÒ §A )
»¦î ¸k¼Lî ±MÑA ³M boæ°
Ø /oµBp ±µ° , tÀQ Joí«
Ø , oL§A
Ø ³¼@ éi±½ cvª§A :JBdvA
(ì)
Ò
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ã ³¦%‾ B«

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 37ë.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


¬B¼Ç« SwA ºA³½oÇ ¨BÇ‾ : Ç n±zdÇ« ¬p° oÇM , ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç (n±z;M ) :290.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã ¤B (2
¤Aj±£ »®íªM < ¨M > ³a ; k{BM n±{ JC ±£ ³H , SwA < n±{ ¨M > ¬C »L¼HoU »®í« ° , RAoµ° uiow
/(n±P;M ) ëë1.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 : oF‾A° /SwA
ÓBn° tпBH o\{ : u¼v=M :¤B=½° u=L§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 201.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
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/(©¢M ) 29ê.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
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, ÓBwÀM cvª§A ¬±ªv½ ¹®½kª§A ¥µÑA° éLzª§A ¾BL§BM tÀL§A Joí§A ³¼ªvU cvª§A tnB8 ¨ÀH @« Joí§A
/Joí«
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( gÖ¦ÒM ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 11ë

[ 1ê7 ] ( g¦Ö MÒ )
BªA ovñ§BM g¦Mß Joí«
Ø , ¬°k¦i MAá ³§BP B« »¦î ÎoT§A ¹ñ¦ª« »woA
(1)
Øã ¬BA k¦M :cTm§BM
/o¼¼UU À@ ;cTm§BM ³‾Aá : (3)²o¼Š ¤BP° / (2)[®µo@ »@
ã
[ 1ê8 ] ( PBÒ¦Ö LÔ §A )
¤B%ǽ° , (ê)¹LL¦\§A :<ÎBŠ>° ,¸oXñ§A :<¥M> , ÎB5 ¥M Joí«
Ø ,¸o¼Xñ§A ¹LL¦\§A :©6§BM
/BŠ±Š
[ 1ê9 ] ( oÒ¦Ö ÔM )
/ (ë)nBM¦M Joí«
Ø ,joL§A ¸k½k{ ,¹L§B%~§A ¹®½k« :qIo%A
[ 1ë0 ] ( n±¦Ø L§A
Òß )
Ø , >°oí« oµ±] oÒGLÖ w°
/o¼mhT§A° ©6§BM (7)n±Ô¦MÔ Joí« ß n±Ø®w°
ß n±Ø®ÒTA
(ì)

[ 1ë1 ] ( c±¦Û LÒ §A )
, R±§BÇM ¤B%½° ,Ç n±L~A Ç R±¦M Joí«
Ø , ²oªXM ¬°mTU½ A±‾BA >°oí« o\{ :n±Û®ÒTA
(9) (8)

/oµBp ±µ°

/ì3.1 ¬°k¦i @MA g½nBU (1


Ø ³Ø‾ÑBÇM boÇæ
g¦ÇMß JoíÇ« Ø @Ç« »¦î oXí‾ ©§° , HMoí« Ø ³‾±ñM bo~½
Ø ©§° 1ë89.2 ºo¼¢‾B´]ã ¡®µo8 (2
/ovñ§BM
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/(ÎB;¦M° !B;¦M ) 298.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 377.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 377.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/(o¦M ) 120. ¹Ø½kØH ¿Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (7
/nk~ª§A @« ²B®TLYÑA B«° , < ¬°k=Tí½> : ¹?±ahª§A »8 ã (8
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/ ÓBª½k
11ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹Ò®¼Bß v§A
Ò [¼Ø
Ô ¦Mß )

[ 1ë2 ] ( ¹Ò®¼!ß v§A


Ò [¼Ô ¦Ø Mß )
K½oíU ±´@ , (2)³¦¼M Joí«
Ø ,¸Bdvª§A tÑAoA B´wÑAn ,mv§A B´M hBvU ¹Lzi : ¼ØñvA
(1)

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[ 1ë3 ] ( [¦Ò ¼Ö ¦ß LÒ §A )
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Ø , >°oí« ¾A°j :cTm§BM
(3)

[ 1ëê ] ( ¸nÒ ÒjB®LÒ §A )


/³mmh« °ÑA nAjÏÒÖ ®MÔ Joí«
Ø , nAkÖ®ÔM éª] ,¾ÀU¦§ é½B6L§A ¬±‾qh½ nB\U
(ë)

[ 1ëë ] ( u¼Dß B®LÒ §A )


JBM « ±´@ , pE
Ø B« »¦î x±£ B®M Joí«
Ø , ³í« SL®½ o¼Uæ ¾»{
(ì)
ã ,V±YoG§A :u¼TPB®M
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ã B« ²B®í«° ,³¼LzT§A
[ 1ëì ] ( [Ö®LÒ §A )
/ (7)¥%í¦§ …Lh« SLv ß «Ô SL‾ :cTm§BM
Joí«
Ø , t±«B%§A »@
(8)
ã B« »¦î K®%§A Ke
Ø ±µ °ÑA ,[‾Ak´z§A ³§ ¤B%½° ,[®L§A nmM ²nmM°

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/2ì . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
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/// B´TM±?n° B´ÄBioTwA @« é)®½° éª\§A° ¨Mk§BM ¸kíª§A º±=½ (¾Am;§A
/27 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ê
@ǽm§A °ÑA , ¬jBíǪ§A ¬±«q¦Ç½ nB\ÇU : ¸njB®L§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 377.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
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/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 202.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 19ì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
(  kÔ Ö®ÔL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 117

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[ 1ë7 ] ( PkÖÔ ®LÔ §A )

Ø ,>°oí« oªY ±µ° ,Ç n±®Ø vA Ç p±Ø¦\§A :©6§BM


/¾Bm§A ovñM (ê)Qk®J Joí« (3)

Ç« ¥æÑ¿B@ ,¤qU¦§ ÓAn°k«


Ø é®~½ G%§A Îk®M « l±iÑB« ³¦æÑA° , Îk®M »M
Ö ã oí«
Ú Bª´®pÑA°
/³¼LzT§A JBM
[ 1ë8 ] ( [vÒ !Ö ®Ò LÒ §A )
BÇ« »¦Çî ©6§A° ovñ§BM ³ ÒzZÖ ®Ò MÔ ß Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« oµp :éMAo§A° »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A »@
ã cTm§BM
/ (ë)¥¼P
[ 1ë9 ] ( ¹KÒ ÒU±LÔ §A )
/ (ì)³U±M RBMoí« ,²±d‾° Œ½B~§A ¹MAm« :qI±L§A° ³I±L§A° ,©6§BM

< ºpAn>
ã ¥ªTdÇ« ±µ° ,¹Lv®§A »@
ã K½oíT§B@ , °oªM ¹½oP ³U±M »§Aá J±v®« »%U±L§A°
(7)
ã
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[ 1ì0 ] ( S Öi Ôj ¬A
Ö n±
Ò ÔM )
kÇP° , (8)¾Bª¦Çí§A çBǽn »Ç@
ã BªA ¹¼‾An±L§A B´¼§Aá Kv®½ q½°oMÑA °ovi S®M :¾BL§A ©6M

/27 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1


/¹Moí«
Ø [®L§A ±µ :Ï®L§A :¤B (Ï®M ) ë27.13 t°oí§A ZBU (2
/(!k®M ) 29.10 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
/(!k®8 ) ê08.13 t°oí§A ZBU oF‾A (ê
/(³z)®M ) 308.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/(³U±M ) 313.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
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ã B´Ç¼§Aá Kv®Ç½ , °o« ºo @« :Ç ¬BTa=‾ B´±8 ¾BT§BM Ç ³U±M :¤B ë0ì.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/bB=§A
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118 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ÎnÒ ±ÖÒ ÔL§A )

,<oTij> omh« , Sij ¬An±Q Joí«


Ø ,¬±«ÑBª§A Z°p ¥´w M vd§A S®M ¬An±M »§Aá Kv®½
»ÇT§A
ã S®L§A ²B®íª@ ,B´®« ¤±dm§A ¤Bí@ÑA n°k~§ ϧmM S¼ªØ wÔ ,oAm§A k§±§A :n±Q éª] ¬An±Q
/ÎoT§A ᦫ ¥v‾ « B´‾±ñ§ ; (1)Sij ¬An±U ¤B%½ kP° /¤B]o§BA
[ 1ì1 ] ( ÎnÖÒ ±Ò LÔ §A )
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Ø ,Bª´¼@ ©6§BM hn±
(2)
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[ 1ì2 ] ( joÖ \Öß ‾pÒ ±ÔM )
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ã ÓBªwA ¬±ñ½ ¬A B«Aá ±µ° ,¬p±M k¦M »®íªM jo¢‾p±M Joí«
Ø
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ã ¬Bñ@ ,tnq¦§ ¸kíª§A
Ø çnÑ¿A
[ 1ì3 ] ( t±Ö LÒ §A )
»®íªM »wnBm§A
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ã ¥ím§A

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/!n±L§A :©q§BM În±L§A :¤B (¾BL§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 29ë.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
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Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (3
, SwA Ao;M xC k®½±£ »qíM° , k{BM ¨Bí? pA »î±‾ Ç Ïa±H ¬p° oM Ç (În±M ) :31ë.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/k®½±£ An JBØa ° ³w±L®w »qíM°
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³‾ÑA ¿Ø Aá , ³¦L ºm§A
ã ¥X« :jo\‾p±M :¤B ©Y /¸°Bw ¹´] @« B´®« ¹¦eo« »¦î × ¬Amªµ ºo @« : Ç ¹¦ª´«
/¹½oL§A bo? »¦î× °o« ºo @« :B´dT)M B´¦L »T§A° ã ¬±®§A ¬±ñvM
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 202.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/(t±M ) 317.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
( [ Ö®w±
Ò ÔM ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 119

[ 1ìê ] ( [Ö®w±
Ò ÔM )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° Ï®{±M Joí«
(2)
Ø , [®{±@° [®{±M ¤B%½° ,<¸Aoµ>ÇM k¦M :©6§BM
(1)

[ 1ìë ] ( »æ
ã ±Ö LÔ §A )
±Çµ° , r±Q »§Aá J±v®« ,¹e±Tmª§A ¸ke±ª§BM (3)ºp±Q Joí«
Ø ,mv§A « Joi :©6§BM
/ϧl ¥X« »¦î n°oª¦§ kí«
Ø ³‾ÑBñ@ ,odL§A »@
ã JAjo\§A
[ 1ìì ] ( ±Ø LÒ §A )
, (ê)nkÇU°
Ø ³¼¦Çî oGíTÇ@ ¥¼~m§A ¨ÑØ A « Jo%¼@ ,²±d‾° ÓB®LU »zd½ ¹PB®§A k§° :cTm§BM
/oµBp ±µ° ,o¼mhT§A° cTm§BM ±Ö MÒ Joí«
Ø
[ 1ì7 ] ( [«Ò Ao´Ö LÒ §A )
/éiA±« »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° / ³«Ao´M Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,Ïz«k¼M »ªv½ >Àh§A « ©vP :cTm§BM
[ 1ì8 ] ( ZoÒ ´Ö LÒ §A )
±Çµ° / (ì)²o´LÇ‾ JoíÇ« ã ³§BªíTwA oXA ¿Ñ A° ,¥IBL§A ºjo§A
Ø ,¹6m§A° Kµm§A »@ Øã :omí\A
/>md§BM Joí«
Ø ±´@ ,q¦m§A Amµ « ¹M±¦Gª§A ¹%¼%d§A »@ Ø ³§ u¼§ ºÑã A n±´z«
ã ue

, ¬BwAoi pA SwA ºA³L~ ¨B‾ : Ç ¡®{±µ ¬p° oM , ©¼] BM Ç ([®{±M ) :318.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã ¾B] (1
/SwA < [®{±8 > ¬C Joí«Ø °
/ ¸Aoµ @« k¦M :ð®{±M : Joí« Ø [®w±M :¤B (¾BL§A ¥í8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 179.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
Joí«
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/ ºp±M
ã
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/b°oí« SwA »¦£ ¬C° , k{BM ðz«k¼M
/ ([Ò«Ao´Ö L§A)
Ò 1ë9 Ç 1ë8 . ¹¼Moí§A ©]Bíª§A »8 ã ¥¼ik§A° Joíª§A
Ø oF‾A°
BµB®íÇ« ¹¼wnB)§BÇM < ²o´Ö ÇMÒ > ¬E 29 . ¹MoíǪ§A
Ø ¹¼wnBÇ)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8° ã /(Zo´M ) 217.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (ì
»®íªÇM ±Çµ° < ²oLÇÒ Ò‾ > @Çî °E , ¹~d§A ©½kî ºE ã < ²oÒ ´Ö LÒ Ò‾ > @î Joí«
Ø GlAá Zo´L§B8 , K¼~®§A° ¹~d§A
/ZoÒ ´Ö L§A
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120 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( Øa´Ò ÒL§A )

[ 1ì9 ] Ø ´Ò LÒ §A )
(b
»µ° ,³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , BT´M Joí«
(1)
Ø ,ªv§A° L¦§BM gLG½ ,pnÑ¿A :¾BG§A ¸jkz« ¹Aod«
/ (2)¹½k®µ
[ 170 ] ( ¬A±Ò ¦Ò ´Ö LÒ §A )
/ (3)>Bzñ§A »¦î »{A±d§A
ã KeBæ ½k§A ¾Àî g¼z§A ³®«° ,>°oí«
/»´T‾A /³¦6@° ³ª¦î »@
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(ê)
ã ¤BP
<¬A°>° ,k¦ÇL§A :<±¦´ÇQ> ,k¦L§A n±«ÑA u@Be ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ²B®í«° , ¬A±¦´Q Joí«
(ë)
Ø ±´@
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ã ¤°Aqª§A
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Ó ¾BL§A SL¦%@ ,¬A±¦¼Q ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½°
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ã ¥¼m§A »îAo§
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Ø
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[ 171 ] Ò \Ò ¼Ö L§A
( PlB ß )
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ã °ÑA BMo´ñ§A ³LzU nBUæ nB\e :ovñ§BM
/ (ì)jB\¼M ¤B%½° /³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ²jB\¼M Joí«
Ø
[ 172 ] ( ²±Ô, pÖ °Ö oÔ ¼Ö Mß )
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Ø , ¬Bíi±« :ovñ§BM
(7)

/ < BTM > ¹¼wnB)§BM° , Joí«


Ø ±µ° :¤B (Y´M ) 1117.3 bBd~§A »8 ã ¬E ¿Aá (1
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ë2.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
»¦Çî @ǽk§A ¾ÀÇî ¥kB)Ǧ§ @½k¦\Ç« »Ç8 ã ¹«BU ¹¼{Be bBzñ§A »¦î :¤B 1ê82.2 ¬±®F§A GzH (3
/¬A±¦´LM b°oíª§A
/‚±Laª§A ©v=§A Ç ¾Bª¦í§A çB½n »8
ã ³¼¦î oXí‾ ©§ (ê
/(¬A±¦´M) 371 ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (ë
/SwA < ²jB\¼M > G)h« :(jB\¼M ) :331.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
bBñ§A ©k° @¼®H Bw ºAã p ° °A°° , ¾An ° ³®H Bw ¾B½° , ovñ§BM :²±Hp°o¼M :¤B ë2ì.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
Yw° »8ã BªµAkeAá @¼T®¼~e @¼Tí¦=§ ©wA :!npÑA ¥L] ¹¼wnB)§BM ²B®í«° , ¹qd« ¾Bµ° °A±§A ¬±ñw°
( nAqÒ Ö¼ÒL§A ) .¾BL§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 121

[ 173 ] ( nAÒq¼Ö LÒ §A )
»Ç@ Ø ,nBÇA ¿Ñ A »®íªM ÓB6½ÑA° , nAjpBM Joí«
ã AmÇA ; nB½pBÇM JoíÇ« Ø , ºpBL§A
ã ¥«Be :cTm§BM
/JAoT§A »@
ã ¥«Bí§A »®íªM Bªµ° ,o´x½ B« »¦î o£poM °ÑA t±«B%§A
(1)

Jo ¹í¦ :ÓBq½ÑA ²±Hp°o¼M° :¤B ¬ÑA »§Aá //¹½n±;§A ᦫ ¨Bw±®M Bµoªî Ø ¹‾q„° ¸Aoµ @¼M n±;§A ¤BL]
/< ¹ª½° > B´§ ¤B=½ ¸k¼¦M »¦î ¹8oz« ºo§A
ã ¤BªîÑA @« k‾°BL‾°
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 371.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
¾BT§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 17ê ] ( ZBÒT§A )
ZBÇU ³ÇM ³LÇ{
Ø ,¹ª¼Çh§A »®íªM ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ±µ° / »ª\í§A
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(1) rBU Joí« ,>°oí«
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ã ³‾±ñ§ ;ᦪ§A
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ã ³v¦\« ¬A±½Aá »@
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× ¬Aá ½k§A ¾Àî g¼z§A JBTA »m@
/©h6§A ¤B¼ñª§A ±µ° ,©¼xí§A ¥%®%§A ¥X« ³]BU ¬BA°
Kµm§BÇM ƧƦ§A° k]oMq§A° R±PB¼§A ³¼@ Jo6½ ÓB6½ÑA ³]BT§ ©wA ³‾Aá (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¥M
ã Kµl « ¹¦v¦vM ÓB%Ø¦í« ¹6m§A°
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¥]n ²Ao½ À@ JB¼X§A ³®î SmzA ³v¦\« »@
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ã ᦪ§A miÑA ©Y /»´T‾A/ ³§ ¹L¼µ ÎoM ¿Aá ϧl¥LP ²o½ ©§
(3)

[ 17ë ] ( ¬BLÚ TÔ §A )
u@Be »®íªM (ë)¬BMÔÖ U Joí«
Ø ,»®%§A° Jod§A ¥µÑA ³vL¦½ >°oí« , k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
(ê)

³¦æÑA : (ZBU) 173 Ç 172 . ¹¼Moí§A ©]Bíª§A »8


ã ¥¼ik§A° Joíª§A
Ø »8 ã ¤B /Am´M boæ
Ø @« »¦î oXí‾ ©§ (1
/ ²pBU
/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 180.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
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ã ¸nBLí§A ²mµ ¥=‾ (3
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/@¼eÀª¦§ ¬±ñ½ Y=8 ¹F¦;ª§A
k®½±Ç£ An nA±¦Ç{° nApA° ³«BÇ] oǽp : Ç ¬BL®Ç]Ô ¬p° oM ¤°A ©k ³M Ç (¬BL®U) :ë1ê.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
( è½ oß dÖ ÒT §A ) .¾BT§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 123

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ã ¸kªí§A ³‾ÑBñ@ ¬kL§A
[ 17ì ] ( è½ oß dÒ
Ö T§A )
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[ 177 ] ( ZnÔ kÒÖ T§A )
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ã BªA nmU Joí«
Ø ,oÄBI
[ 178 ] ( ¬Bª]Ô oÔÖ T§A )
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(3)
Ò ¬Aomîp° ¬A±m®íA
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»@ Ø ³Ø‾ÑA :¤B%½ ¬ÑA ñª½° ,oµBx§A ±µ Amµ°
ã BªA °A±§A °ÑA ¾Ao§BM° ©¼\§A ©6M ¬A±]Ô BU Joí«
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»®íªÇM B®Çµ <¬An> AmÇA° <¬A°>° cÇiA° ZBÇT§A »®íª@ ,ϧl ±d‾° ¬BG¦v§A tÑAn »¦î
/¾Aod~§A n±«Ñ¿ ¤°Aqª¦§ ¬A±T{j :tom§A »@
ã ¤B%½ BªA o«Ñ¿ ¤°Aqª§A
ã ©¦ñTª§A ¹U§ Ϧª¦§ ovm½ ZBT§A n±«ÑA ¤°AqU ¬A±®íM ³Mo%§ ¬BA ³Ø¦í§°
¼LT½ À@ ²o6d« »@
,¾»{ ã ±µ ¬BG¦v§A ¬Ø ÑA ox®§A ºjBM
ã ³TMB´« « }%®½ Àç ©´m½ ºm§A ã »@ ã »ÄAoT½ ¥M ,³§ ovm½ ³‾ÑA
/ZBT§A n±«Ñ¿ ¿Ó °Aq« ñ½ ©§ ¬Aá ° ³MoP î ¹½B®A Amµ ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½° /ve o¼MkU ±µ°

/ ÓBæ±~i An ºo¼£»TzH »«oa ¬BL®U° , ÓB«±ªî


}½ohÇT§A° ¹æohÇT§A° / < q½o¼ÇU > K½oíÇU , J±X§A ¹=¼®M :|ohT§A :3ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1
»ªd§A¥½q«
Ø :q½oLU »®í« : ê1 . ¹¼wnB)§ARBMoíª§A©\í«
Ú »8
ã ¤B° /³¼8 RB;§ |oiÖ k§A°¹~½ohT§A°
/KH Bw :< q½n > ° , »ªeØ :< KU> @« ¹LHo« /RBí)Uoª§A »8 ã B´î±±§
:ê9ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8°
ã /< ZnmT§A> ³¼8 @ñ§° ì2 : »wnB)§Aã @¼®«Æª§A ¹)dU »8
ã ¸nBLí§A }‾ }e¿ (2
»½Aodæ j±M »„o« ¬C° /SwA < °nmU > Joí«Ø , ©¼]° ³a=‾»M ºAn ¬±ñw°»‾BY° ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç ZnmU
/t°oi ³M ³¼L{
/(©]oU) ìì.12 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
/(¬B8oU° ¬B8poU) ê8ì ° ê8ê.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
12ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( [Ö‾oÔ ÔT §A )

[ 179 ] ( [Ö‾oÔÔ T§A )


³¦ÇæÑA° ,cTm§BÇM ¡‾oÇÒ
Ò U JoíÇ«
Ø , >°oíÇ« oªY :W§BX§A ¬±ñw° »‾BX§A°
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ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A ©6M
/nBªX§A o½Bw « oXAÑA ³‾±§ ¸°AoG§ ;¬±¦§A ºoI
Ø ã ºÑã A <¡‾noU>
èíÇM t±ÇP°° ,¸oG§A ¸j±í] »®íªM [‾oU « l±iF« ±µ° , »wnBm§BM
ã Amñµ ³‾Aá :¥¼P°
/nk\ª§A ³]±§BA èíM »¦î ³ÄAq]ÑA èíM t±P±§ ϧmM »ã ªw
Ø /K¼¦~§BA èíM »¦î B´ÄAq]ÑA
/»´T‾A

Ø ÓB6½ÑA »®íª§A Am´M [‾oT§A ¬Ø ÑA oµBx§A°


Ç« ¬BA ¬Aá ° ¸oG§A ¬±§ ¾Bmæ »®íªM ¡‾noU Joí«
㠬ѿ ;ò oÒ UÒ ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½° /¹eAo\§A ¡‾oU « ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½° ,¸n±Amª§A ¸j±í\§A B´UBmæ
»@
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[ 180 ] ( ¬B\Ö
Ò ‾oÔÒ T§A )
ã BªA ¬B¢‾oU Joí«
/¬BµoL§A éIBP »@ (2)
Ø ,³½±L\‾njBL§A :©6§BM
[ 181 ] ( ¼Ö Lß \Ö
Ò ‾oÒÒ T§A )
³‾Ñ¿ ;³¼LzU ±µ° ,KIß o§A
Ò k´z§A ºÑã A ¼L¢‾AoU Joí«
(3)
Ø , ª§A
Ø :éMAo§A° »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
/oµBp ³L½oíU° /³´Lz½ B« JoPÑA « k%í®½ B« ¤°ÑA

/(¾BL§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 180.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


³ÇH SwA ¬B\‾oÇU »®íÇ« ° ¬p° oÇM , Ç ¤°A ©Çk ³ÇM Ç ¬B¢‾oÇU :¤B (¬B¢‾oU) ê91.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/SwA ¬C Joí« Ø ¬B\‾oU° , k{BM ±¢®§BM ° ³½±L¢‾njBM
k{BÇM »Ç½°nAj ¬C° SwA @¼L\‾oÇU »®í« ° ¬p° oM :@¼L¢‾oU :¤B (@¼L¢‾oU) ê91.1 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/ SwA ¬C Joí«Ø @¼L\‾oU° , k®‾A±i < @« Ø > »Moî ³M ° , @½o¼{
Ø ©wA ¬±=¦a½ tB®§A ¬Ø ÑA ©¦îA° :3ë . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
:³®« @¼î±‾ »¦î @ª§A ã ¤B°
Ø ±µ° , ÓB®¼L\‾oUJoí§A ³¼ªv½° è¼MÑA ³®ª8
jBT=§A° ¤±Bí§A»¦î Y=v½ Ø¥? ³¦æÑA° , @¼Lñ‾oU Joí«
Ø [‾o8¿A ¬Ñ¿ ; ÓB¼\‾o8A
/oÚñv§A @« ‚±®~ª§A è¼MÑ¿A @L\§A ¥X« ³‾±¦í\¼8 ³‾±Mo½ Ø ÓBØ®« °ÑA /Ïvd§A°
, bÀÇh§A o\Ç{ »¦Çî ¹ªY Ø é=½ ¬BwAoi »8ã RAoµ ¹½¿° @« ³¦æÑA° , ¸oqh§A »§Aá Joq½ ³®«°
/ < Szi o¼{> ¹«Bí§A ³¼ªvU°
Ø < yH o¼{> @î Joí« Ø ±µ° , ÓBñzio¼{ Joí§A ³‾±îk½
( ¹µÒ oÚ ÔT §A ) .¾BT§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 12ë

[ 182 ] ( ¹ÒµoÔÚ T§A )


¥¼IBÇMÑÀ§ Ro¼íTÇwA ,¹Líz®Çª§A q½oÇG§A :¸oÒ L%ÇÔ
Ú A ²k½kÇzU° »‾BX§A
ã cT@° ¤°ÑØ ¿A ©6M
/ (2)¹¼Moî ¥¼P / (1)¥ÄBI « ¹¼§Bh§A ¥½°BPÑ¿A°
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Ø B´‾ÑA oµBx§A°
[ 183 ] ( PB½Ò oÒÖ T§A )
/oµBp ±µ° (ê)^ B½oU Joí«
Ø , ¤Ak§A JBM »@
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ã ³eo{° ,>°oí« ¬±\í«
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oñvî° q«o´«An »PBL§A°
ã ,pA±µÑ¿A « évT§A n±ñ§A ºkeA (ë)¬BTwp±hM k¦M :JkÒ ®Ö \A
Ô
veÑ¿A ºÑã A oT{±{ Joí«
Ø ,pjB®«° Zm½A° ºoTM o´‾° how° t±w° n±MBv½k®]° ,¨oñ«
,Çvd§A ²B®í«° ¸n±Amª§A n±ñ§A ºkeAá t±v§A ³®pÑA° /x±zM »ªv½ éi±« ÎB®µ ¬Bñ@
»®íªÇM B®Çµ <oÇU> ,x±{ « veÑA ºÑã A oT{±{ :A±§B%@ ,veÑA nBæ k¦L§A Amµ »®M
ã Bª¦@
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ã ¤BP
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(7)
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/(¾BT§A ¥~8 ¾B´§A JBM ) 282.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


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ã (3
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ã , ¨±ªv§A ¾A°j :¾BT§A ovñM !B½oT§A :¤B (!oU) 1êë3.ê bBd~§A (ê
¬C JoíÇ«
Ø ° , k®½±£ An oµpjBQ Ç ÎÀ8A ¬p° oM , ¤°A cT)M Ç (ÎB½oU) :ê93.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8° ã
/ SwA ²k«C ©µ ¤°A ovH ³M ° /SwA »‾±¼8A »H B½oU ³a ; k®‾A±i ÎB½oU q¼‾ An ¬±¼8A° /SwA !B½oU
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/oT{±{ K½oíU ±µ° , ¨±¼§A ¬BTwp±hM
/(¾BT§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 380.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/êêê.3 ¬B«q§A ¾B®MÑA ¾BL‾ÑA° ¬B¼îÑ¿A RB¼8° (7
12ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ZqÒ Ö¼ªß zÖ ÒT §A )

±µ° , ºj±\§A
ã ¥L\§A k®î oªî MA ¸o½q] »eA±‾
ã « ¹½oP ¼‾BªY »§Aá ¹Lv‾ ³‾Aá :¤BP W¼e
A±‾BÇA ©´‾Bá @ ¹®¼mv§A « A±]oi ½m§A ¹îBª\§A jkíM S¼ªØ w°
Ô ¬B@±G§A kíM S¼®M ¹½oP ¤°ÑA
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/¬B@±G§A kíM éi°
[ 18ë ] Ö T§A )
( ZÒq¼Ö ªß zÒ
/¼í§A ¹½°jÑA « ±µ° ,¨±za ¤B%½° (1)²q¼ªza Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« :cTm§BM
[ 18ì ] ( bB!Ø TÔ §A )
/ (2)k‾q§A RBU§ « BQ±U Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« :¬B«Ø oA
Ô
[ 187 ] ( BñÒU )
Zoh¼@ ¾Bª§A ³¼@ K~®½ ºm§A
ã éi±ª§A »®íªM ³¦æÑA° , JBñU Joí«
Ø , ¬Bíi±« :cTm§BM
(3)

/oiÐA éi±« «
[ 188 ] ( ¹ÚñTß §A )
/J±X§A « ¹íG%§A ºÑã A o¼mhT§BM ³ñU Joí«
Ø , ¥½°Aov§A sBMn :k½kzT§A° ovñ§BM
(ê)

/ÓBª½kP B´M A±ª¦ñU kP A±‾BA ¬Aá ° À


Ó ¼ij ¿Aá B´LveÑA ¿ :¸o´ª\§A í@

ìê2.2 é?BÇ ¬BµoÇM° /SwA »wnB8 < Îq¼ªza > pA Joí« Ø Zq¼ªzU :¤B ì3 : @«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU (1
/ (Îq¼ªza )
K¼w :k‾pBQ ° k‾p S;¦M Ç ²k¼zH G§BM »wnB8
ã ºBM°
ã ¤°A ©qM Ç BQ±U :¤B (BQ±U) ë2ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/k®‾A±i bB)U »Moî ³M ° , k®½±£ An
¾BL§BM Ç JBñU : »=´¼L§A
ã @vd§A±MÑA ¤B° , n±MBv¼‾ ºo @« :Ç ©q§BM Ç bBñU :¤B 37.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
@¼T®YA »¦î ¥ªTzU , jBMAp±‾ B´TL~ ° n±MBv¼‾ n±H @« ¸n±H :¾Bª§A nkd®« ²B®í« < JC ÏU > B´¦æÑA° , Ç
/¬B]p±\M ¹½o :ÓBq½ÑA JBñU° , ¹½o @¼‾BªY°
/(¾BT§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 297.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
( S Ö®ÒLÖ¦Uß ) .¾BT§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 127

[ 189 ] ( SÖ®LÒ ¦Ö Uß )
¥¼ª½ ºm§A
ã ²B®í«° / k®L§j Joí«
Ø ,éiA±«¹íMnÑA :W§BX§A cT@° »‾BX§A
ã ¬±ñw°¤°ÑØ ¿A ovñM
/K¦%§A ³¼§Aá
[ 190 ] ( ¥ÒØ T§A )
/o¼mhT§BM ¥U Joí«
Ø ²±d‾° JAoT§A éª\« :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
(1)

[ 191 ] ( P±vÖ
Ô ®TÒ §A )
ã ºÑã A Si±v®ÇU ³¦ÇæÑA ¬Ø ÑA ÇpE°
³§ ¤B%ǽ ºm§A Ø /¥mÖTÒTÇA (2)gvÖÔ ®UÒ Joí«
Ø ,u¼m®§A njB®§A
/³Unk®§ ;¨°kíª§A h°odª§A
[ 192 ] ( n±Û®TÒ §A )
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Ø ,>°oí« :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
鼪Ç] B´¼Ç@ ÎoTÇ{A ¹xm§ B´Ø‾Aá :Bªµo¼Š° (ë)»L§BíX§A°
ã ºpAo§A
ã ohm§A ©´®« (ê)éª] ¤BP°
/RBU¦§A
MA ³ª´@ B« »¦î RBU¦§A Ø¥A »@ã ¹î±i±« B´‾ÑA ¿ ,B´¼@ ¹¦ªíTv« B´‾Ø Aá ©µjAo« ¬Ø ÑA oµBx§A°
,èíÇL§A ϧl Akî B« »§Aá ozT‾A ©Y ,B´6íM ¼M °ÑA RBU¦§A ¼M éP° hB@° ³‾ÑA° ,²o¼Š° »ã ®Ø ]
Ø¥ÇT§A° ¬BÇØAk§A° ª§BÇA
Ø Ï§mÇA K½oíU « ©A° ,²jkz½
Ø Joí§A° ³mØmh½ tom§A ¬Ñ¿ ϧl°
/Bµ±d‾°

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/¤ÀU : éª] , ¹¼MAo§A°
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/SwA !±v®U ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k{BM SwB)‾ S½B´‾ nj ° k®‾B« ° ¥X«»M ° JB¼ªH ° njB‾
/(o®U) 120 :¹½kØ
Ø H¿Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (3
»MoÇî° »wnBÇ8 ¬B¼Ç« ÎoTz« SwA »F)§ :Ç n°ok ¬p° oM Ç (n±®U) :ë2ê Ç ë23.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(n±®U) 213 . Joíª§A Ø oF‾A° /@ThQ ¬B‾ ¥d« »®íªM , »HoU°
:²o¼„° tBLî @MA ©´®« , oXH ¿
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128 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¤BÒM±ÔT §A )

« ϧl ¥X« ¥M pBLTiÀ


á § é‾B~ª§A ¬±@oí½ A±‾BA B« JAoîÑ¿A « ¹½jBL§A ¥µÑA ¬ÑA ²k½Æ½°
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[ 193 ] ( ¤BÒM±ÔT§A )
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Ø , ³¼¦î ¹PoGª§A Joi k®î ²±d‾° k½kd§A « …%v½ B«
(1)

[ 19ê ] ( ¾B¼Ò Uß ±ÔT§A )


/KTñ§A èíM »@
ã BªA ¾B½j°j Joí«
(3)
Ø ,>°oí« ¾A°j :©6§BM
[ 19ë ] ( V±ÔT§A )
(ê) R±ÇU JoíÇ« ,³ªwBÇM »ªÇw éi±« ©wA° ,>°oí« oªY :²oiÐA »@ ¹X¦Xª§BM° ©6§BM
Ø ã ã
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ã ¸B®Xª§BM
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(ë)
Ø mî¼e° /¹¦ª´ª§A ¤Ak§BM j±U ¤B%½°
/ (ì)©\íª§A
[ 19ì ] ( [½Ö nß Òj±ÔT§A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° / ºn
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ã Ò Ø

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/Joí«Ø ±µ° , ³M ¥dTñ½ o\e , b°oí« :¾B¼U±T§A :¤B (R±U) 18.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
/< R±U > °ÑA < V±U>
Û ¹;¼~M ¹¼wnB)§A ¹;¦§A »8ã ¹ª¦ñ§A SvLTA (R±U) :120. ¹½kØ Ø H¿Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (ê
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/[®{±LM ºoiÑA° @½Ao)wBá M ¹½o° , K½jÑ¿A »Y±T§A
ã odM @M &AkLî @M odM :B´®« , °oªM ¹½o° , tnB8
/ékA±« ¹YÀY < V±U> ¬E (V±U) 280.1 ‚À?¿á A kæAo« »8 ã boæØ (ì
³~¼~Ç »MoÇî ³M An ¬C ³H SwA »µB¼£ ©hU :Ç »®w±w ¬p° oM Ç ºn ã jÒ ±ÔU :¤B ë29.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
»®íÇ« ³ÇM ° , kµj ²BM ¶± ¬C ¬jn±i° k®½±£ Sij njB« ¬B«oH nj ° , ³«Ak ¬BµB)æ nj ° , k®‾A±i
/SwA [½nj±U ¬C Joí«
Ø ° , SwA ²k«C oF‾ ³M ©µ !Bªw
( Z ±Ú ÒU ) .¾BT§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 129

[ 197 ] ( Z±Ú ÒU )
, (2)KTñ§A èíM »@
ã BªA ¹@±A JoP ¥¼P° ,¹m§Bv§A ¹®«pÑ¿A »@
ã pA±µÑA JoP k¦M :©Ú%LA
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Ò
ã B« »¦î Ç ÓB6½ÑA ©Ú%LA
/ (3)t±«B%§A »@ Ò Ç p±ÒÚ U Joí«
Ø
Ç« ¹UǦ§A KTÇA Ç« ¹¦ªÇ] »@
ã BªA °A±§A ¬±ñw° ¾BT§A ©6M p±Ö ÔU BMoí« Bª´‾ÑA oµBx§A°
JB¼ÇX§A »Ç@
ã >Àh§A >ÀTiÑ¿A Amµ »¦î KUoT½° / ©µnBí{ÑA »@
(ë)
ã éP° Amñµ° , tom§A
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/³¼§Aá ¹M±v®ª§A ¹½p±T§A


[ 198 ] ( Z±ÔT§A )

Ø ÓB6½ÑA
/ (ì)t±%§A° Zov§A ¥X« »¦î éi±½ nB\{Ñ¿A èíL§ ozP ±µ° , r±ÔU Joí«
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/k]° »®íªM :<¼UÐA >° ,¼G§A :<²oi> ,¼G§A »@


ã k]°
[ 29ê ] ( qMß oÖ h§A
ß )
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ã ³¦æÑA° c¼dæ »Moî
ã ³‾Aá : t±«B%§A »@
(1)
ã ¤BP g¼GL§A :ovñ§BM
K½oíT§A kíM »Moî
ã ³‾ÑBM ¨±ñd« ³‾ÑA ²jAo« ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA :BªµkeÑA :¼¼®í« ¥ªTd½ ¨Àñ§A Amµ°
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ã
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Ú Ï§l ¥X« ¬ÑA q¼%dT§A°
u¼§° ¹U¦§A ¥æÑA « RBMoíª§A
Ø K¦ŠÑA ¬Bñ§ ¿Ø Aá ° ,»®íª§A jBdUAá é«Joí§A « ¬BY
à éi°R±LY
/K½oíU À@ , (2)©\í§A nBí{ÑA »@ Ø ÓB6½ÑA ³‾ÑA é« ,ϧmA
ã ³M bo~«
[ 29ë ] ( P ÔjoÖ Ôh§A )

Ø ³‾Ø ÑA oµBx§A° /Joí«


/¥A ¿Ñ A ¥´w ºÑã A ²jn±i Joí« Ø ³‾Aá : t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP ,¹Poª§A
(3)

[ 29ì ] ( ZoÖÒ µpÒ oÖ Òh§A )


/nBªd§A ©Ø wÒ ºÑã A (ê)²oµpoi Joí«
Ø ,>Àh§A hn°
Ò ³ÔPn° ³Lz½ o\{
[ 297 ] ( | oÖ h§A
ß )
/oµBp ±µ° (ë)toi Joí«
Ø , Jk§A
Ø :ovñ§BM

/ k®½±£ çnÑ¿A oªi »Moî ³M ° , k{BM ²k«C° ²k{ Ak¼Q »®í« ³M < @¼UC> ³a ; ²k¼wn
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 ¾Aq§A JBM ) 17ë.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/(qMoi) Akhµj ³«B‾ S;§ (2
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 22ë.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(²oµpoi) 732.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 jB~§A JBM ) 300.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
1ëê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¨±ÔloÔÖ h§A )

[ 298 ] ( ¨±Ô^oÖ Ôh§A )


ã ±µ° o‾Ñ¿A « ÑBT‾ B« °ÑA , bBd~§A »@
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(1)

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ã nBªÇd§A KÒ‾ ÒmÇM ³Lz½ ºm§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°
ã ºÑã A ¥¼m¦§ ³¦æÑA ¬BA° ¨joi Joí«
/¹´MBzª¦§ ²±d‾° ¬Bv‾¿á A « ©¼IAoh§A o½Bw ³M ³L{ ©Y ,¹‾±zh§A°
[ 299 ] ( PoÒ Òi )
/ (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA ²oi Joí«
Ø , °oªM ¹½oP :¹Aod«
(3)

[ 300 ] ( °oÖ Òi )
/¾Ao§A ©i° ovñ§BM °oÔ iß Joí«
Ø , ¬Bíi±« :¾Ao§A ¬±ñw° cTm§BM
(ë)

[ 301 ]
ß Ôi )
( ¬BÒTwÖ p±
,oñv§A ¬kí« B´‾±ñ§ ³M S¼ªØ wÔ ,oTvU B´T®½k« (ì)tnB@ ϧBª« « ¹ñ¦ª« :°A±§A ¸jB½qM
/¬kíª§A :<¬BTwA>° ,oÚñv§A
Ô :Ç ¨±Ö ÔXA Ç <p±i> ¬BTwAp±i Joí«
Ø
[ 302 ] ( lBMÒ AovÖ Ôi )
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ã ¹¦ª´ª§BM jBMAovi Joí«
Ø , °o« ºoP «° /q´¼M ¹¼eB®M ¹½oP :©6§BM
(7)

/jBMÐA°ovi

/(©?oi) 1911.ë bBd~§A (1


/8ê.10 ¬B¼L§A éª\« o¼v)U (2
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/°oªM
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 22ì.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/ t±? ° ¬AoMBi @¼M ¸o¼LH ¹½o :¤BL\§A °oi :¤B 3ì2.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
¸B®X« ¾BU° , ¹¦ª´« @¼w° ºA
ã p ¹®H Bv§A °A±§A kíM° , ³§°ÑA ©qM Ç :¬BTwp±i :¤B ê03.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ì
/ to)§A ¨ÀH »8
ã ¹Lv®§BH ¬BTwÑA° p±h§A jÀM 鼪\§ ©wA ±µ° :Ç ¬±‾ ²oiC° , !±8 @«
/ B´®« @¼hwo8 »¦î °o« ºo @« :lBMAovi :¤B 370.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
( ÏvÒÒ h§A ) .¾Bh§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ëë

[ 303 ] ( ÏvÒ Òh§A )


/¨k%U kP° , ³vi BMoí«
Ø Bªµ° , ÏvÒ d§A
(1)
Ò :ϽodT§BM
[ 30ê ] Ö Òi )
( Sz
/ (2)¹®L¦§A »®íªM ³¦æÑA° /ovñ§BM S Öziß Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA /tnBmM k¦M :cTm§BM
[ 30ë ] Ö Òh§A )
( 1ÒTz
/ (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã B« »¦î ³`Tzi Joí«
Ø ,…M¿á A SdU J±X§A « ¹íGP :omí\A
»Ç@ Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°
ã ¸o¼UÇ~§A ¹®L¦§BÇM ³´LÇz§ ³ÇM S¼ªØ wÔ ,²B®íªw B« »¦î ÏTzi Joí«
(ê)

/o¼U~T¦§ >Bñ§A° ,é¼MoT§A


[ 30ì ] Ö h§A )
( [‾B®ÒñzÔ
/¬B‾ Ïzi ¤B%½° /oµBp ±µ° , (ë)Ï‾B®ñzi Joí«
Ø ,uMB¼§A qLh§A
[ 307 ] ( ¼Ö Lß \Ö Ö Ôh§A )
Ò ®Òñz
/ (ì)¼L¢‾A Ïzi Joí«
Ø ,uMB¼§A ¼L\‾Ñ¿A
[ 308 ] ( 1ÒT!Ö Ôh§A )
²ÑBz®«° /¤B¼h§A ³¦æÑA° ,¬Bv‾¿á A »¦î ©ÄB®§A ²B®í«° , (7)ÏTZi Joí«
Ø ,t±MBñ§A :©6§BM
/¬kL§A »@
ã >o~T§A B´§ ¥´v½ À@ ,b°o§A ºnB\«
ã ³M kv½
Ø W¼dM …¦h§A jBv@

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/(Ïve) 7ê9.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A° /±¦´Q ³w k{BM ºnBi
/k®½±£ An ³ThQ ° ¨Bi o]C :Ç S{p ¬p° oM ¤°A ovñM Ç ¤B (Szi) 7ë0.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 227.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
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/o¼iÑ¿A »®íª§A Am´M < ÏTzi> ³T¼wnB8
Ú ¬Ñ¿ ; c¼dæ Amµ°
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/(@¼L\®ñzi) 1ê2ê.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 (ì
»®¼¢®w ¬C° / SwA t±MBH »®í« ³M :Ç ÏT)] ¬p° oM ¤°A ©qM Ç ¤B (ÏT)i) 7ì0.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
/ SwA xT)e ¬C Joí« Ø ° , kT8A ¨jo« oM ³H JA±i nj k{BM »‾Ao£ °
1ëì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( fBzÖÒ BiÒ )

[ 309 ] Ò !Ö Òi )
( fBz
kÇP° /ÓB6½ÑA hB`®i ¤B%½° ,hB`PP S{j ¤B%½° / QB`P8 Joí«
Ø , ÎoT§A ºnBdæ
(1)
ã «
/ (2)³h½nBU »@
ã ¬°k¦i MA ³¦ªíTwA
[ 310 ] ( ¹KÒ !Ö Òh§A )
o~î ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ²B®í«° / ³Zi Joí«
Ø , ¬B%mh§A ²nk~« ,K¦%§A miÑB½ JAoGiA :cTm§BM
(3)

/³¼@ ¥ªíTwA K¦%§A JAoGiA ³«q¦½ Bª« ³‾±ñ§° , (ê)q¦d§A


[ 311 ] ( ¼L Ò ®¦Ò Òh§A )
â \Ö
/o¼iÑ¿A ¾q\§A »@
ã K½oíT§B@ , ¼L¢‾A ¥i Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,¼L\®ñv§A
[ 312 ] ( PBÒ® Ôh§A )
/ (ì)Bµo¼Š° ¼‾BµoL§A° [®µo@ »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø / ÎB®i Joí«
Ø ,q¦d§A tBLd‾Aá :JAoÒ UÔ A
[ 313 ] ( ¹\Ò LÒ ®Ö Ôh§A )
/o¼U~§A ¬k§A ºÑã A (8)³`®i (7)Joí«
Ø , ¬Ø k§A :©6§BM

¬BHoÇU° ¥¼ÇæA ¨jo« :Ç !Bªha ¬p° oM »wnB8 ©¼] BM Ç ¤B , (!B`)i) , 7ì0.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/ SwA n±´z« !B`LÔ S{j ³M ³H ¬BTvHoU pA Svµ ©µ »‾BMB¼M ¨B‾ ° , k{BM @¼z‾Aodæ
/10.2 ¬°k¦i @MA g½nBU (2
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 228.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(³)i) 7ì1.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(@¼L\®¦i) ì8. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§AØ ©\í« (ë
¬p° oM bBH BM : ¤B ( B®i) 771.2 é?B ¬BµoM , (ÎB®i) 180ê Ç 1803.2 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (ì
!B®Çi° , ¬±i jBv8 ° »UjB½p KLw ³M k{BM ¤j »£joz8 ° ±¦£ ¬k{ ³T8o£ ³H SwA !B®i »®í« °
/(ÎB®i)° (!B®i) 1êê2.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A° /SwA ¬C Joí« Ø
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 18ê.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/(³\L®i) ì8. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (8
(  kÒ Ö®hÒ §A ) .¾Bh§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ë7

[ 31ê ] ( PkÖÒ ® Òh§A )


/°kí§A îumd¦§ omd½ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ²k®( Joí«,¬
Ø kÔ ª§A
Ô n±w ¤±eo¼me :omí\A
Joí¦§ ÓBí‾B« ¬±ñ¼§²omdM o«ÑA >BTA ¿Ñ A °l n±MBw ¬BA ¹@±ñ§A¹½oM »@
ã n±MBw hk®i ³®«°
/©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã ³§BP ;jA±v§A çnÑA »@
ã WLí§A «
²kÖ®ÇÒ( JoíÇ« ±µ ¥M ,³xe¿ « »¦î »mh½ ¿ BªA n±v§A hk®i « u¼¦@ Amµ »¦î°
Ø
°ÑA ÓB6½ÑA k¦L§A q@Ao« umd§ ;³®î k¼íM ³Ø‾A ¿Aá n±v§A hk®i « t±‾ ±µ °ÑA ,o¼md§A q¦G« »®íªM
/²o¼MkU wBd« « ±´@ ,³Tñ¦ª« q@Ao«
[ 31ë ] ( nA± Ôi )
/cTm§BM nA±i Joí«
Ø ,oiÑA éiA±«° ºo§A
(2)
ã »eA±‾
ã « ¹®½k« :°A±§A o¼mhU° ¾Bh§A ©6M
/ (3)nBMnA±i ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½°
[ 31ì ] Ò Ôi )
( ¨ÖpnA±
/ ¨pnBi Joí«
Ø
(ê) ÎoT§A jÀM « >°oí« k¦M :¾Ao§A cT@° ¾Bh§A ©6M

/oØmh@ ,¨pn »§Aá Ç JAoÒ UÔ A Ç nA±iÔ ¹@BiBá M ¨pnA±i ¥æÑA ¬Ø Aá (ë)t±«B%§A »@


ã ¤BP
[ 317 ] Ôß )
( ¬A±Ò h§A
K½oíT§B@ ,¾Bh§A cT@° °A±§A ¸jB½qM (ì)¬A±i Joí«
Ø ,¨BíG§A ³¼¦î ¥Aƽ B« :JBTAß ° JAoÒ UÔ A
/o´pÑA ³¼@ K½oíT§A ¨kî ¬BA ¿Ø Aá ° ¹Aod§A >ÀTiAá »@
ã

/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 229.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/39ê.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (2
/ºn »§A±e nj SwA »T½¿° ¨B‾ :// /Ç nBa ¬p° oM , ³§°kí« »‾BY
ã BM Ç (nA±i) :780.2 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/ ºn ð½jq‾ ºA³ai :Ç nApnBH ¬p° oM , k\MA ºBM ° ³§°kí« »‾BY BM Ç (nBMnA±i )°
/39ë.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
¹8BkBá ÇM ¨pnA±Çi ³¦ÇæE :¥¼Ç k¦M :¨pnA±i :¤B (¾Ao§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 120.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/GØ)h8 ¨pn »§Aá nA±i
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2110.ë bBd~§A (ì
1ë8 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬B]Ò ±ÔÖ i )

ºÑã A ³¼¦Çî BÇ« ¬±hTǽ


Ø ³‾Ñ¿ ;ϧmM »ã ªw
Ø Bª‾Aá ¬A±h§A ¬Aá :¤B%½ ¬ÑA p±\½ÑA : K¦UU ¥Ãw
(1)

/³®î »I±¼v§A
ã ³¦%‾ / (2)ϧl kíL½ B« :¤B%@ ?}%®½
/R±d§A k§° « o¼G§A ¬Ø ÑBM ¤±%§BA ³‾Bá @ kÄA±m§A »@
ã ¨k%U BªA kíL§A ¹½BŠ »@
ã ±µ°
[ 318 ] ( ¬B]Ò ±Ö Ôi )
¤B%ǽ° / »ª\Çí§A
ã ©¼\§BÇM ¬Ba±i° ¬B{±i Joí«
Ø
(3) n±MBv¼‾ »eA±‾ « ¹L~P :©6§BM
ã
/ (ê)ÓB6½ÑA ¬Ba±Š
[ 319 ] ( ¸lÒ ±Ö Ôh§A )
/j±i ²ÀA ¤B%½° / (ì)j±i Joí«
Ø
(ë) oÒmUª§A :©6§BM
Öß
[ 320 ] ( 1Ò‾nÖ ±Ò Òh§A )
(7) t±«B%§A »@ AmA ;¥A ¿
Ñ A éi±« ºÑA ²B¢Ö‾n±Òi Joí« ,oLA ¿Ñ A ¬Bªí®¦§ o~P :uÒA °kÒmA
ã ã ÒÖ Ø Ö Ò
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ã o¼XA oAl ³§ ,o~P :¥¼P ©\íª§A o~Th« »@°
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Ç ³Ò‾nÖ ±ÒÒ i° ³¢Ö‾nÒ ±ÒÖ i ¤B%½° , ²B¢Ö‾nÒ ±ÒÖ i ¬ÑA ±µ° (9)²o¼Š° [®µo@ KeBæ ²oAl B« ϧl q¼%dU°
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/231.2 ¹;¦§A u¼½B=« ©\í« oF‾A (2
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/ ¾Bª¦í§A @« ¸o8A° ¹îBª] B´¼§Aá Kv®½ Ç @¼z§BM Ç ¬B{±Li B´‾±ªv½
Ø B´¦µÑA° n±MBv¼‾ »eA±‾
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/ë8. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ì
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 227.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/ê01.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (8
/(³¢‾n±i)° (²B¢‾n±i) 789.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (9
( p±Ôi ) .¾Bh§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ë9

¬Bñ@ ,ÓB‾A±§ÑA ¨±¼§A »@


ã o¦Th½ W¼dM q‾n±h§A »®M nBª®w ¬ÑA g½nA±T§A èíM î ¥%‾°
(1)

¹í¦hÇM ¬BªíÇ®§A ³vL§ÑA ¾B®L§A ©U Bª¦@ ,o~í§A »@


ã omæÑA° o´x§A »@
ã è¼MÑA° cL~§A »@
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Bª®½ÑA uªz§A nAk« n°k½ ÓAo~P S¼®L§ ϧl Sª¦î ±§ :nBª®w ¤B%@ ,²B®« h±@ ²BGîÑA° ¸oiB@
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ã ¨Ao´M y¼íT§ ¬BA o~%§A Amµ°
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ã ³¼MÑA o«ÑBM ¬Bªí®§A ²BMn
Ø ¨Ao´M ¬Ø ¿ ;Joí§A jÀM »@
ã B‾BA°
[ 321 ] ( c± Ôi )
/ (3)ÓB½k®µ ³®pÑA° /~d§A :©6§BM R±Ô( Joí«
Ø ,s±P ¤B%½° , g¦LM ¹½oP :©6§BM
(2)

[ 322 ] ( ¬±Ö Òi )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î ¬ ° Î Joí«
Ø , Sw¿á A :¾B´M° ©6½° cTm§BM
(ê)

[ 323 ] ( ºØã ±ß Òi )

Ø , ¬B\¼Ö MÒ nÒÖ lÑBM k¦M : »Ø ã ªß vA


/°A±§A ¸jB½qM º±i Joí« Ò
(ë)

[ 32ê ] ( Z°oÔ ¼Ö h§A


ß )
/ (ì)°o¼Ö iß Joí«
Ø , »ªGh§A
ã « t±‾
[ 32ë ] ( ¬AnÔq¼Ö Òh§A )
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ã ¸kª«
Ø h°oî »µ°
ã , ºk®µ
ã o\{ (7)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA ºAq§A
ã ©i° ¾Bh§A cTmM

/311.ê ¬B«q§A ¾B®MÑA ¾BL‾A° ¬B¼î¿A RB¼8° (1


/ê0ì.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (2
/ k®½±£ An < ³í¦ > ºk®µ ¬BMp ³M ˜±e ¬p° oM ° :¤B (R±H ) 1720.3 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 220.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/ê08.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
/(°o¼i) 802.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(¾Bh§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 19.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
1ì0 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ±Ò Ö¼iß )

/ (2)oµBp ±µ° , (1)ºAq§A°


ã ¾B¼§A ¬±ñw° ¾Bh§A ovñM ¬Anq¼Ö iâ Joí«
Ø ,¬k§ j±î Ø¥A° K~%§A°
[ 32ì ] ( P±Ò ¼Ö iß )
o¼d~ÇU Ç« ³‾ÑA °ÑA ,¾BL§BM ³L¼i ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½° ; (ê)²±¼i Joí«
Ø , ¨pnA±hM k¦M :ovñ§BM
(3)

/¹«Bí§A

³‾B½pBÇU ¬C pA° k®Çñz‾ ¬kÇ{ ©Çi ³M ³H k{BM »‾ ° J±a pA »î±‾ (¬Anq¼ Ö i)


â 803.2 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/k®½±£ q¼‾ An °ow Sinj g¼M ° , k‾pBw
/èd« »wnB8
ã :¤B ëê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/ê1ë.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
/(²±¼i)° (!±¼i) ê91.ë @¼í« ¡®µo8 (ê
¤Ak§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 327 ] ( ZA Òj ) Õ¥¼Ö Ò§
/¹ª¦x§A »@
ã ©¦xª§A ¥¼¦§A B´M ³L{
Ø
(2) ¹ª¼h§A : rBU ¤B%½° rAj Joí« , (1) ©¦x«
Ø
/k¼íM ±µ° / (3)¹¼ª\îÑA ¹U§ ZAj ¬ÑA ©´6íM ¤±P « oµBx§A° / »®p
ã »@ã oµBx§A ±µ Amµ
[ 328 ] ( ºã lAß k§A
Ò )
/ »wnB@
ã ³‾ÑA c¼~m§A bo{ »@
ã »w±¼¦GL§A
ã í@ , (ê)hBvm¦§
Ø JAo{
,¹d¼Ç~§A :<jAj> ,bB¼~§BM Joz½ ºm§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°
ã ²B®í«° /¼T¦ª´ª§BM ºjAj Joí«
/¹Lv®¦§ <¾B¼§A>°
[ 329 ] ( joÖ \ß ÖMAnAÒ Òj )
/²o¼x‾ »@
ã ½o¼vmT§A >ÀTiAá »¦î ²k¦M °A JAnAj ¥ªî ºÑã A jo¢ß MÖ AnAj Joí«
Ø ,k¦M
:¤BÇP , (ë)jo\Ç
ß MAn
Ö jÒ ¤B%¼Ç@ ¤°ÑØ ¿A o§Ñ¿A >mdÇM oÚmh½ kP° :©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã ¤BP
/nk®ñw¿á A ³¦TP ºm§A
ã Ϧª§A nAj ±µ JAnAj°

/(@¼í§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A boe) ëì8.ê Joí§A ¬Bv§ :oF‾A (1


/(rBU) êë8.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/(ZAj ) 807.2 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) 3ë3ë.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
, joH JAnj ²B®í« , tnB8 @M JAnj Bµoªî
Ø ¹v¼)‾ tnB)M ¸n±H :jo\MA nj :¤B êêì.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
/©¼\§A »§Aá bBñ§A ¥=®M Joí8
Ø , ¥ªî ²B®í« :joH° , ¥]n ©wA : JAnj
1ì2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( »Øã ®ß ¼æß nAÖ kÒ §A )

[ 330 ] ( »ã Ø ®ß ¼æß nAÖ k§A


Ò )
³M jAoª§A° /¼æ »§Aá J±v®ª§A o\z§A ²B®í«° ,oµBp ±µ° , (2)»®¼anAj
ã Joí«
Ø , >°oí«
(1)

/¹½nk®ñw¿á A° ¹@±ñ§BM »T§A


ã ¼~§A ¿ ¹¼®¼~§A »‾A°Ñ¿A ³®« ºm§A
ã hozª§A jÀM « ¼~§A
/Kzh§A u®] « ¿ ³®« ³‾±A n±´x§ ;²ozP »¦î B®µ o\z§A q¦IÑA ³‾ÑA oµBx§A°
[ 331 ] ( {Ak§A
ß )
Ȃ@
ã AmÇA ; Ç{j Joí«
Ø ,ñvU ©§ ¸k½k\§A nAk§A° ,uL¦½ ©§ k½k\§A J±X§A :ovñ§BM
/ (3)t±«B%§A
/ (ê)vÒ d§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°
Ò ¥½q\§A ¾BGí§A :¼z§A cTmM  Ò{Aj Joí«
t±«B%§A »@
ã ²ov@
Ø ¸k½k\§An°k§A° JB¼X§A ¾Bw°Åo§A° ᦪ§A B½BGî »@
ã K§BU§A ¬BA Bª§°
Ø
/¼¼íT§A JBM « ³‾ÑA ¿ Bª´M
[ 332 ] ( ZBÒ‾Ak§A
Ò )
/ (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø / B‾Aj Joí«Ø ,©ß§Bí§A
[ 333 ] ( Z°oÔ MÖ AÑÒ [ÒÖ ‾Ak§A )
/ (7)¥¼P AmA ; Ï‾°qJA Ï‾Aj Joí« ÔÑ A Ke
Ø , »¦L\§A
(ì) j°o«¿
ã Ø

/¤Ak§A boe »8ã éMAo§A ¥~8 288.1 ¬±‾B (1


/ì0. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 222.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
An »ñ¼‾ RB8Bñ« ° o]A° , k{BM ¨Bí‾A° yzhM ° Baî :Ç @«Aj ¬p° oM Ç (@{Aj Ò ) :81ë.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
³M B´®z]° k¼î nj ¬B¼wnBQ ³H k®½±£ An »v®]° k=‾ @{Aj :³H SwA ¨±o« k‾p nj ° /k®½±£»« ©µ
/k®µkM @¼H Bv« ° Ao=8 ³M ³kæ B½ nm‾ ©wn
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) , 189.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(Z°oMA [‾Aj ) 818.2 é?B ¬BµoM : oF‾A (ì
/ Ï‾Aj :Joí«
Ø :¤B (Z°oMA [‾Aj ) 1ê89.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A (7
( U‾ß Ak§A ) .¤Ak§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ì3

[ 33ê ] ( 1‾ß Ak§A )


/o]B´A (2)ÏÒ‾Aj,hB‾Aj ¤B%½° ,³‾±‾ cTm½° ,tkv§A q¦G«° (1)©µnk§A tkw :KeB~A
/³M±¦%« ±µ ¥M , ³‾Aj »®íªM ³¦æÑA°
[ 33ë ] ( t±Ô®TÒ Öi Òj )
¹Ã¼®´§A S®L§A ºÑã A x±‾ oTij B´¦æÑA ¹Moí«
Ø , »e°
Ø ã »ª¼ªT§A
ã ¸nAnp M …¼%§ S®M :s±@o6íA
/ (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;¤Ak§BM t±‾kij ¤B%½° , ºovA
× ¹®MA ©wBM Bµ±MÑA BµBªw
[ 33ì ] ( nAk Öik§A
Ò )
/³ªÒxíß § o½ov§A »§Aá ZBTd½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A nAj ShU Joí«
(ê)
Ø ,¨±®§A JA±YÑA «
éP°K½oíT§A ¬Ñ¿ ; »UL®½
ã B« »¦î u¼§ ,j±wÑA° è¼MÑA J±Y ³‾ÑAá :²o¼Š° (ë)t±«B%§A ¤±P°
/K½oíT§A »@
ã ³§ ¥ij ¿ »‾Bíª§A
ã « ²o¼Š° , »®íª§A
ã Amµ »¦î
[ 337 ] ( PAnØ k§A
Ò )
:ÓB6½ÑA hB½oU ¤B%½° , ÎB½oU Joí«
Ø ,B´¦A ¬BdTm½° BªµovñM ¹8B½nÖ k§A
Òß ° QB½nÖ k§A
Òß ° ,¸jkz«
¥ªÇA B´ÇM° ,³¼Ç@ »îB@Ñ
ã ¿A ¨±d§ ¸jB½qM uiB«°n
ß kÒ ‾Ö ÒA ³ªªU°
Ø u¼®ŠB« ³îoTiA KAo« ¾A°j
é@B‾° ,<B½oU> ¹¼‾B‾±¼§BM »µ°
ã ,¹¼íLv§A ¨A±´§A ïk§ « é@B‾ ³‾Ñ¿ ;Am´M ³¼ªv«
Ø ±µ° ,çoU§A
B« B®µ »§Aá ;Joî°
Ø omiÔ ©Y ,¸j°kª« <¾BP> ¹¼‾B‾±¼§BM »µ°
ã ,¹¼ªv§A
Ø ¹M°ozª§A ¹½°jÑ¿A «
/ (ì)t±«B%§A »@
ã
¬±Çñ½ ¬ÑA ñª¼Ç@ Amǵ »¦Çî° /¹¼«°n hB½oT§A ¬ÑA »L§BíX¦§
ã ¹U¦§A ³%@ î BªA oµBx§A°
/³´Lz½ ³‾ÑBñ@ é@B®ª§A ¸oXñ§ ¬±¼@Ñ¿A »@
ã ³§BªíTwA ¥í§° ,¹¼wnBm§A »§Aá ¿Ó ±%®« ÎB½oT§A

/ (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 327.1 bBd~§A :oF‾A° (¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 1ê77.ê bBd~§A (1
/ìì. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 21ê.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(nAkij) 827.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
1ìê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( u¼Mâ jÒ nÖ kÒ §A )

[ 338 ] ( u¼M
â ÒjnÖ k§A
Ò )
/oªí§A ¹§Aln »§Aá B´‾Ñ¿ ;¨±½ Ø¥A ³ª§ÑA k½q½ »T§A Ø ³‾Ø ÑA oµBx§A / p±\í§A
ã ºÑã A y¼Mjnj Joí«
(2) (1)

[ 339 ] ( P ÒjnÖ k§A


Ò )
¬ÑA kíÇ
à MÔ »¦Çî ñª½° /JAoz§A ¥%Y ³¼@ »%L½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A Îjnj Joí«
Ø , JAoz¦§ ¤B¼ñ«
(3)

/ (ê)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã BªA »®íª§A Am´M ³‾Bá @ ©6§BM ²n°Ò jÔ Joí«
Ø ¬±ñ½
[ 3ê0 ] ( uÖnÒ k§A
ß )
/jAkd§A Ø , o¼Lñ§A ©Ò¦í§A
Ø ¸°BA yÖJnÒ jß Joí« Ò :o\Ö 6 Ò dA
ß
(ë)

[ 3ê1 ] ( ¹DÒ nÒ k§A


Ò )
/ ³anj Joí«
Ø ,¾B%TwÀ§ o´®§A »@
ã ¹i±i :¹Aod«
Ó ªíTv« ÓB6½ÑA ϧl ¬BA ¬Aá ° »UL®½
³‾Ñ¿ ; À ã B« »¦î u¼§ ³`½n
â jÒ Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾Aá t±«B%§A ¤±P°
(ì)

/oئñU
[ 3ê2 ] ( Ï«Ò nÖ k§A
Ò )
/ (7)©îB®§A JAoT§A° ºnA±d§A
Ø q¼Pj ;omí\A
¤B%ǽ° Ç <±ÇñÒ«>° , »@
ã »®íªM <nj> ,¤±h®ª§A »®íªM oæ° ±µ° ±Ôñ«Ò nÖ jÒ Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA
/<αñ«> »ªv½ ZBv®§A R¿ÐA èíLM ³´Lz§ ³M »ªw
ã ,¥h®ª§A :Ç cTm§BM αñÒ«
/³¼LzT§A JBM « Joí« Ò ¬Ø ÑA pE°
Ø ¥¼ñ§A »®íªM Ç n±®Û TÒ A Ç Î±Ûñª§A Ø

/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) , 928.3 bBd~§A (1


ºÑã A < jnÖ jÒ > @« KHo« , ¹¼‾B)§A p±\í§A° g¼z§A° ¹¼µAk§A :u¼Mjnk§A :¤B ì1. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/ ºjn
Ø ã ºÑã A < u¼Q > @«° , ©§E
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(²n°j ) 89ì.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A (ê
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 21ë.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
:Ï«nk§A :ì2 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8° ã /(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 301.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/²B®íªM ºm§A
ã <³«o£ > K½oíU , ºnA±d§A Ø x¼j
( αÔ‾nÖ kÔ §A ) .¤Ak§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ìë

[ 3ê3 ] ( αÔ‾nÖ k§A


Ô )
Joí« Ø ³M° , ¿Ó ±I° ÓAk½ o¼~P ±µ° JB¼X§A « Joi :©6§BM
Ø , ¹vm®G§A° sBvL§A ³L{
(1)

/ »®p
ã »@ã B« »¦î W§BX§A° ¤°Ñ¿A ovñM ϼ§n
â jß
[ 3êê ] ( [Ö®wA°
Ò nÖ k§A
Ò )
(2) t±«BÇ%§A »@ AmA ; ²B£ ²pA°nj Joí« ,Zov§A ¹Pj ¹¦~@ « t±MoÒ%§A ¨AkP B« :cTm§BM
ã Ø Ò Ø
Ø ³Ø¦í§°
/>me K½oíU ±´@ , ²pA°nj ±µ° ¤°ÑØ ¿A ³Äq] Joí«
[ 3êë ] ( ©ÒµnÖ k§A
ß )
/¤Ak§A cTmM (3)¨BµnjÒ Joí«
Ø ,¬p±§A >°oí« ,ZoMp° JAod«° oL®ªA
…Çw±§A »@
ã kz½
Ø ¥½±I u¼A ±µ° ,¬B¼«Bµ »@
ã éi±½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A ¬B¼«Bµnj omh« ³®pÑA°
/©µAnk§A umd§ JB¼X§A SdU
[ 3êì ] ( ¬B\½nß k§A
Ú )
³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ¬B¢½nj Joí«
Ø ,B´§Bñ{ÑA° ¨±\®§A ¤BªîÑA « t±‾ :¾Ao§A ovA° ¤Ak§A cTmM
/ (ê)éi±« o¼Š »@
ã
[ 3ê7 ] ( PÒpjß )
/¹®¼~d§A ¹í¦%§A : ÎpÒ jÒ Joí«
Ø
(ë) °oªM éi±« : ºAq§A cT@° ¤Ak§A ovñM
ã
[ 3ê8 ] ( SwÖ k§A
Ò )
éP° kP° /¹¼wnBm§A »¦î nB]
à °ÑA d§ ¹ª\íª§BM° ,¹ª\íª§BM S{j Joí«
(ì)
Ø ,¾Aod~§A

/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 301.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 188.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 1918.ë bBd~§A (3
/ (¬B¢½nj) 1ë21.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 ° (¬B¢½nj) 8ê9.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
¸kî »8
ã ºo »µ°
ã , ¹Lv®§A A°jAnE AlAá bB=§A ³¼8 ¬°k½q½ , ²pj ³¦æE :!pj :¤B êëê.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
/°oªM })e !pj : B´®« ékA±«
/ (S{j ) 8ìë.2 é?B ¬BµoM° (¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾BT§A JBM ) 1ê7.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
1ìì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( jo\ß ÒT wÖ jÒ )

/ (1)bBd~§A »@
ã BªA oíz§A »@
ã
[ 3ê9 ] ( jo\Òß TwÖ Òj )
,oiÑA éiA±«°, (2)°oªM ¹½oP :©¼\§A ovA° ¾BT§A cT@° ¹¦ª´ª§A ¼v§A ¬±ñw° ¤Ak§A cTmM
/©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã ³§BP ;k¼§A ¥ªî ²B®í«° / jo¢Twj Joí«
Ø
/oµBp ±µ° ¨k%U BªA k¼§A k¦M ²B®í« ¬ÑA o´pÑ¿A°
[ 3ë0 ] ( ¹\T
Ò wÖ k§A
Ò )
/ (ê)³Twj (3)Joí«
Ø ,¾»z§A
ã « ¹«qd§A :cTm§BM
[ 3ë1 ] ( ¬BªÒ ¼Ö !T
ß wÖ k§A
Ò )
/¨°q¦ª§A ©wBM ¨pÀ§A ¹¼ªvU ,k¼§BM k´í§A ºÑã A (ë)¬Bª¼Q Swj Joí«
Ø ,¥]ƪ§A hAk~§A
[ 3ë2 ] ( n±ÔTwÖ k§A
Ô )
Ø ,Bµo½odU B´®« »T§A
/ (7)cTm§BM n±TwjÒ (ì)Joí« ã RBîBª\¦§ ¹§±ªíª§A ¹hv®§A :©6§BM
[ 3ë3 ] ( [¼â Tß wÖ k§A
Ò )
¸o¼UÇ~§A »‾A°Ñ¿A »@
ã ϧl ¤B%½° / »Twj Joí«
(8)
Ø ,k¼§BM ¤±dU ¹¼‾ÐA :¾BT§A ovA° cTm§BM
/¸o¼Lñ§A »‾A°Ñ
ã ¿A ¤BLP

/(S{j ) 2ê9.1 bBd~§A (1


/êëê.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (2
/(»Twj ) 8ì3.2 é?B ¬BµoM° (¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 188.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/o¼;~ÇT§A ¹«ÀÇî : < ³Ça >° , kǽ : < Swj > Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾E 78. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¾B] @ñ§° (ê
/cæE ° @Tª§A »8 ã Bª« o´¡E Amµ° : ¤±E
k®Two8»Ç« t°oÇî ³‾BÇi ³M jB«Aj ³H k®½±£ An »‾BLwA :¤B (¬Bª¼Q Swj ) 8ë8.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/ SwA¬Bª¼)Twj ¬CJoí« Ø ° k®‾A±i¥]Æ« o´« An ¬C° k®µj nAo k=î S° ³M ³H k®½±£ q¼‾ An ºo´« °
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 29.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/ KeBæ ºE
ã < n°Ò > @«° , ¸kîB=§A »®íªM < Swj > @« KHo« ±µ° (7
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 188.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
( [ Ò®¼Tâ wÖ kÒ §A ) .¤Ak§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ì7

[ 3ëê ] â wÖ k§A
( [Ò®¼T Ò )
/ (2)³®¼Twj Joí«
Ø ,Bµk‾p »¦î ¸¾oª§A ²kzU hnB¼§A
(1)

/ (3)»wnB@
ã ±´@ ²B®í« »@
ã k®LTwk§A B«A°
[ 3ëë ] ( ¸oÒñwÖ k§A
Ò )
çnÑ¿A JoÇí§A ¹ÇU§ »Ç@
ã B´¦ÇæÑA ¬Ø Aá :©\íǪ§A o~ThÇ« »@
ã ¤BP /éiA±ª§ ©wA :cTm§BM
/»´T‾A / (ê)¹½±Tvª§A
/k¼§A ¥ªî ºÑã A (ë)²joñTwj ¹Moí«
Ø B´‾ÑA oµBx§A°
/B´ÄB®M ¹@BG¦ß §ß ¹¼ªvT§A ¥í§°
[ 3ëì ] ( ¹vÒÒ ñîÖ k§A
Ò )
»@
ã ³§BP ;}Po§BA èíM k½ ©´6íM miÑA kP° ¬°n°k½ , k®M Swj ³‾±ªv½
Ø t±\ª¦§ Kí§
/ (ì)t±«B%§A
/¸ozî A±‾±ñ½ ¬ÑA ³¼@ oLTí½ ³Ø¦í¦@ ,uÔmÖ‾ÒA ¸ozî ºÑã A uÒ( ²Ö jÒ Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°
[ 3ë7 ] ( oÒTÖk§A
Ò )
<>j> , (8)njcj,¹«±ª6Ǫ§A odÇ~§A ¹îBª] :¤Ak§A ovñU kP° ,¾BT§BM (7)oTmU ¤B%½°
»®íª@ ,>ox§A »®íªM <nj>° /Amµ Joí«
Ø od~ª§A »ã ÒTÚ@jÒ ¬ÑA oµBx§A° ,K‾B\§A :o¼mhT§BM

/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 188.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


Joí« Ø ³‾Ø ¿
Ñ ; cæE
Ø o¼iÑ¿A° , !nB¼§A ¥¼° , !nBL§A ¥¼ :[®¼Twk§A :¤B ì3. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/ ²o¼„° G¼v§A ¹qL° é¼±T§A° nA±v§A Ô ²B®í«° , < ³Ò®¼Twj > @î
/(k®M Swj ) 8ë8.2 é?B ¬BµoM é]An (3
/êëë.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
B´T¼wnBÇ8
Ø /¹½±TÇvª§A çnÑ¿A° ¹í«±Ç~§A° ¹½oÇ=§A :¸oÇñwk§A :¤BÇ ìê. ¹MoíǪ§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ë
/ »ª\í§A
ã ã ¹®½k« ©wA ÓBq½E »µ°
!Aoí§A »8 ã , ¸k¦L§A° ¹®½kª§A ²B®í«° < ²oÒÒ ñwÖ jÒ >
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 21ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/oT8k§A »8
ã ¹;§ :oT)T§A :¤B , (¾BT§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 380.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/ »‾B‾±½
ã ³‾E c]nÑ¿A° , Joí«
Ø »wnB8
ã :¥¼ /b°oí« ±µ° :ìë. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (8
1ì8 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( kÒ §A )

/JBvd§A « >k§A »@
ã ºm§A
ã <nj >j>
/Joí«
Ø ±´¦§A R¿ÐA « >k§A ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
Ø¥Çñ§A ¬Ø ÑA oµBÇx§A° / »wnBm§A
ã Ø ³Ø‾ÑA éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
¾BL§BM <Nj> Joí« (1)
ã boæ
Ø kP°
/ϧmA
[ 3ë8 ] ( Pk§A
Ò )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ÎjÒ Joí«
(2)
Ø ,oñ§BM ¤AÆv§A :cTm§BM
[ 3ë9 ] ( ¥DÒ k§A
Ò )
/JBziÑ¿A « u¼¦U§A »®íªM ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ±µ° , ¥£j Joí«
(ê)
Ø , ¹®¼mv§A ©´w :ϽodT§BM
(3)

[ 3ì0 ] ( uªÒ DÖ k§A


ß )
,ovñ§BM (ë)³vÒ «Ö jß Joí«
Ø ,è¼MÑ¿A ©v½oMÑ¿A :tBÒ%Ö«k§A°
ß Ç oÖMqÒ ´Aß Ç uÖPkÒ ªß §A° uÒ%Ö«k§A°
ß
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ°
[ 3ì1 ] ( ¹Ø, k§A
Ò )
/o¼mhT§BM (7)¬B(j Joí«
Ø , kí%ª¦§ ²ÀîÑA cGv½ ¾B®M :Bª´¼@ >Bñ§A k½kzTM ¬BØA k§A°
(ì)
Ô
[ 3ì2 ] ( 1Ò§k§A
Ò )
/oµBp ±µ° (8)³§j Joí«
Ø ,¥L\§A oµ
Ø :ϽodT§BM

/(Jj ) 823.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1


/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 1ë83.ê bBd~§A oF‾A (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 37ì.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(¥j ) 79. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (ê
, k®½±£ An k¼)w ©z½oMA , W§BY cT8 ° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A ovñM :¤B (³v«j ) 879.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/SwA < xv«j > ¬C Joí« °
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 1ë8ê.ê bBd~§A (ì
/< ¬BØH jÔ > ¸F¼´M ¹¼wnB)§A ¹;¦§A »8
ã ¹ª¦ñ§A Rjn° :¤B (@Hj ) 121. ¹½kØH ¿ Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (7
@MA @« oLH ÑA ¬A±¼d§ ©wA :¹¼wnB)§A ³§j @« Joí« Ø , ð½odT§BM xÒ§k§A Ò :¤B 88.3 »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (8
/¹¼®«nÑA »eA±‾°
ã ¬Ao½A jÀM »8ã b°oí« x§k§A ºÑã A ©w¿á A Amµ° / »¦µÑ
ã ¿A n±®v§A @« Jo=½ toî
( ¤Ø kÒ §A ) .¤Ak§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1ì9

[ 3ì3 ] ( ¤Ø k§A
Ò )
/o¼mhT§A° ovñ§BM ¤jß Joí«
Ø ,jAÆm§A :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø
[ 3ìê ] ( 1«Ò k§A
Ò )
/ (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ; ³«j Joí«
Ø ,[¦Y° c½n :¹Aod«
ã k¦\§A ±µ° ÓB6½ÑA ¨j ¤B%½° / ³«j ¹Moí«
/ (3)³¼@ gm®½ ºm§A Ø jAkd§A ¹%«j ϧmA°
[ 3ìë ] ( oÒñ´Ö «Ò k§A
Ò )
¤B%½° Ç um®§A <³«j> / (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ; o¼£ ³«j Joí«
Ø ,um®§BM miÑ¿A :¥]omvA
/miÑ¿A »®íªM B®µ <o¼£>° ,Ç <¨j>
[ 3ìì ] ( ¹KÒ ß§A°Ò k§A
Ò )
/ ¤A°j Joí«
Ø ,¥MÀ
á § (ë)¼\í§A « ¥ªí½ B«
[ 3ì7 ] ( PnÒ °Ö k§A
Ò )
/²B®íªw B« »¦î ©6§BM (8)²n°j (7)Joí«
Ø
(ì) ¸°oí§A RAl ¸o\§A :cTm§BM

[ 3ì8 ] ( oæÒ °Ö k§A


Ò )
/ (9)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³¦%‾ ;¬BGP MA î tnq§A ±¦í½ SL‾ :cTm§BM

/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 377.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 233.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(¨j ) 87ì.2 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 20.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(jB~§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 197.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A :oF‾A (ë
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/ÓBMoí« ÓB¼wnB8 ²AnA° JAoz¦§ ¤B¼ñ« !n°k§A :¤B (¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 1ê7ê.ê bBd~§A oF‾A (7
/ì2. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (8
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 29.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
170 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¤°Ö kÒ §A )

:<oÇw> ,²o¼ÇŠ tÑAn »¦Çî ±¦í½ ºm§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A°


ã »®íªM oæ° ±µ° , °jow Joí«
(1)

»ª\í§A
ã »@
ã B«Aá J±¦%« ±´@ ,tÑAo¦§ ³TvMÀ« ¹xeÀªM »¦íTvª§A
ã »®íªM B®µ <°j>° tÑAo§A
/K½oíT§A »@
ã °ÑA
[ 3ì9 ] ( ¤°Ö k§A
Ò )
/K¦P K½oíU ±´@ (3)±§k§A B«ÑA° / (2)©6§BM ¤°jÔ Joí«
Ø ,oÃL§A « ³M »%Tv½ B« :cTm§BM
[ 370 ] Ò k§A
( J¿° Ô )
(ë) J¿°j±Çµ° , (ê) t±«BÇ%§A »Ç@
ÖÒ ã BªA Joí«
Ø ,¾Bª§A ³M »%Tv½ ¸n±îB®§BA ¥ñ{ :©6§BM
/cTm§BM
[ 371 ] ( ZoÚ LÒ µÖ k§A
Ò )
/ (ì)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;RBz½n ozî ºÑã A ²oÒ QÒ ²Ö jÒ Joí«
Ø ,¾Ao§A k½kzU° cTm§BM
[ 372 ] ( c°oÖÔ µ Ôj )
/Bªµk®î ³¦í¦@ ,¬Ao´®§A ²B®í«° / j°n°j Joí«
Ø , o~« k¼í~M k¦M :n±m~íA
(7)

[ 373 ] ( ¬BKÖµk§A
ß )
<¬Bi>° ,¹½o%§A <²jß > ,¹½o%§A ABw ºÑã A , ¬Bi ²jÒ (8)Joí«
Ø ,fnƪ§A° tnAq§A :ovñ§BM
/ (9)S¼L§A

B´®Ç«° :(owj ) 121. ¹½kØH ¿ Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« »8° ã /< owÒ °Ö jÒ > G½oíU ìë. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1
/< ow°ß jÒ > ¹¼wnB)§A
/k®½±£ An »zñMC ±§j , ¤±Ô„ ¬p° oM , ¤±´\« »‾BY BM :(¤°j ) 900.2 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 378.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A JBM ) ìì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/¾Bª§A ºÑã A < JC> @« ° , ¾B‾¿á A »®íªM < ¿°j > @« KØHo« :¤B ìë. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ë
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 189.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/ê92.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 22ê.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
K½oíU , ©\í§A »eØ
ã À8 ©¼îp° bo~T§A »¦î º±=§A ã :¬B=µk§A :ì8 . ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¤B (9
( q¼¦µÖ k§A
ß ) .¤Ak§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 171

[ 37ê ] ( q¼¦Öµk§A
ß )
/cTm§BM , (2)q¼¦µjÒ (1)Joí«
Ø ,nAk§A° JBL§A ¼M B« :ovñ§BM
à ³‾ÑA oµBx§A° /¥¼P B« »¦î kÚ§±« °ÑA d§ cTm§BM Joí§A « ¹«Bí§A ¤±P°
/¹¼wnBm§A »¦î nB]
[ 37ë ] ( ZBL½k§A
â )
(ë) »]BLǽk§A ³®«° , ³L½j° ²BL½j ¤B%½° , (ê) BL½j (3) Joí« ,>°oí« ,JB¼X§A « :ovñ§BM
ã Ø
B´®¼vdU »¦î ¹½nB] ¸jBí§A ¬Ñ¿ ;¹]BL½k§A AmA° /¥¼P BªA ³´]° ß vÖ d§
Ô BLIBLG§A »®M
ã èíL§
/oµBp ±µ° ¨Àñ§A »¦\M
ã
/ (ì)¥¼P B« »¦î L½j ¤B%¼@ ³L½j Joí½ kP°
(7) ( p±L½k§A )
[ 37ì ] Ö Ò
;¹ªd¦§A :B®µ o¼®§A° ,keA° o¼‾ ºl
ã « u¦ŠÑA ±µ° j±Q°j Joí«
(8)
Ø ,½o¼‾ °l J±Y :cTm§BM
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ°
[ 377 ] ( ZÒq½Ö k§A
Ò )
â JoíÇ« ,¥¼¦§A jA±w ºÑ
qǽj
Ø ã A ,q½j K{ ºovA
× to@ »ªw
ã ³M° ,¬±¦§A j±wÑA ¥¼h§A «

/ @ÒÒ =µÖ kÒ ÒU° @ÒÒ =µÖ jÒ : ³¼8 A±§B° / ¹½o=§A u¼Än ºEã <¬Bi ²j> ¬Bñµj ¥æE ¬Aá :¥¼° / <¬Bñµj>
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ºAã q§A JBM ) 878.3 bBd~§A (1
/¸k=í§A° ¸oa®=§A ²B®í«° , ³¦µj K½oíU :¤B ì8. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A boe) 2ì2.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
/o½oÇe ³TªÇd§° ²AkÇw ºm§A ã J±ÇX§A ±µ° , BL½j Joí« Ø :ZBL½k§A :¤B ì0. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ê
:Joí§A ³¼8 S§B° / [¼v‾ ºE ã < bBM > @«° , @] ºE ã < ±½j > @« KHo« , ¹¼wnB)§BM < BL½j > ¬Aá : ¥¼°
/ϧl o¼„ »§Aá //¹]BL½k§A° ZBMk§A°
Ø , @½p Ø ºÑã A [MÚ jÒ ° , yÒÒ =Ò‾ ºE
ã [MÒ jÒ
/(ZBL½j ) 291. Joíª§A Ø é]An° /(³L½j )° (²BL½j )° (ZBL½j ) 909 Ç 908.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
¬Ao£ »ªz½oMA xBª pA »î±‾ ³H SwA ²BL½j G)h« , p±µ Ø ºBµ nB´¡A
ß ³M (³L½j ) :909.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/SwA xL½j ¬C Joí«° Ø , k{BM B´M
/l±L½k§A :Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã (7
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) 3ë3.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
172 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( UvÒ Ö½ kÒ §A )

/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;²±dT@ ²±Moî Bª§°
Ø /ovñ§BM
[ 378 ] ( 1vÒ ½Ö k§A
Ò )
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° / t±«B%§A »@
Joí« ã ³§BP ; ¬A±hTzj Joí«
Ø °ÑA ¹6@ « ¬A±iß :¥%¼~A
(2)

/¾»zM
ã ³Lz§A B´¼@ ue±§ ¹¼ªvT§A ¬ÑBñ@ , ³¼Lz§A »®íªM u½j
(3)
â
[ 379 ] ( nBÒ®½Ö k§A
ß )
³‾Aá : (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP Am§° ; ³M A±eoæ
(ê)
Ø B« »¦î Joí«
Ø ,³®« nAk%«° Kµm§A :ovñ§BM
/»´T‾A /JA ØmñA njB~ª§BM uLT¦½ Àç ¾B½
Ó BªµAkeAá « ¤kMÑB@ nBØ‾j ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã
ã ¿ ¥ªíTÇv« o¼Š nBØ‾j ¬Ø ÑA ç°omª§A° K½oíT§A k®î ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½ >o~T§A Amµ°
Ȃ@
/o¦ñU ±µ° ϧl kíM ³L¦P° ÓAnBØ‾j »ª\í§A
ã nB®½k§A K½oíU kíM °ÑA , »ª\í§A
ã »@
ã ¿° »Moí§A
ã
o¼U~ÇT§A »Ç@
ã o¼®¼Ç
Ö Ò‾jÔ ° éª\§A »@
ã o¼‾B‾k§A ¥X« ¤BªíTwA ±µ >o~T§A Am´§ »îAk§A
ã ¥í§°
/ϧm§ èT%«
à o¼Š ±µ° ,RB@o~T§A o½Bw « Bªµ±d‾°
/³®« qTz½ Bª¼@ K½oíT§A° ¹¼ª\í§A »¦î hBM
à ³‾ÑA o´pÑ¿A°

/²q½j :³¼8° (¤Ak§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 188.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 231.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(u½j ) 912.2 é?B ¬BµoM (3
R¾BÇ] ¹í½oz§A ºE
ã < nC @½j > ¹¼wnB)§BM ³¦æE ¥¼ :(o‾j ) 172. RAjo)ª§A »8°
ã /ìë9.2 bBd~§A (ê
/ ³M
/(¤Ak§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 30.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
¤Am§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«° ¹ª\íª§A

[ 380 ] Ò )
( KÒ‾m§A
/ pÑ
Ø A B« »¦î ©6§BM KÖ‾jÔ Joí«
(1)
Ø ,tÑAo§A ¥MB%«° ,>°oí« :ϽodT§BM
[ 381 ] ( KÄÖ m§A
ß )
³¼¦î q¦G½ Am§° ;¬±¦§A »@
ã o½od§A ZBL½j ¹´MBzª§ ; BLǽj Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« éÔ LwÒ :ovñ§BM
,jA±v§A »§Aá ¸oLŠ ³‾±§ »@
ã KÄm§A° ,q¦ß hÒ §A J±X§A u¦IÑ¿A : t±«B%§A »@
(2)
ã ¤BP /u¦IÑ¿A
:³mæ° »@
ã hjpom§A ¤BP°
(3) uÒ¦ÇÖIÒÑA ¼îAnm§A
ß Ö Ò ß »Û ã {ß ±Ö «Ò jß Aq§A »Ò¦îÒ B®Ò@BÇi
Ò ß ¼Ö ½Ú oÇ
ß UÒ §A »ÇÇ@ Ö Ò§°Ò
ã B®Ò TÖ ÇÇMß ¹Ò Ò¦¼ÇÇ
/²B‾oAl B« jAnÑA

nj ³H SwA < ¨jÔ > »®í« ³M Ç k\MA ºBM° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A ©qM Ç :¤B (K‾j ) 882.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/k®‾A±i K‾l »Moî ³M ° k{BM < ow> ¥MB=«
/³‾±§ »8ã Yí«Ñ¿A KÄm§A° :³¼8° (¤Ak§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 22ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/ ( »Moí§A
ã JBTñ§A nAj ¹íL? @« 211.2 ) 120.ê »qUoª§A k¼v¦§ »§B«Ñ
ã ¿A :oF‾A (3
¾Ao§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 382 ] ( [Ò‾B½Ò pA
ß o§A
Ò )
/ÓB6½ÑA ¬B½jBM ³§ ¤B%½° /oµBp ±µ° (1)³‾B½pAn Joí«
Ø ,>°oí«
[ 383 ] ( P°Ô Ao§A
Ò )
ã BªA ÓB6½ÑA ©6§BM ΰAn
cTm§BM° (2)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@ Ô Joí«
Ø , »@B~§A
ã JAoz§A :°A±§A ©6M
/ (3)[®µo@ »@
ã BªA
[ 38ê ] ( Vo§A )
¥%‾ « ±¦h½ ¿ Amµ° /o%m§A ²B®í«° ,Ç ¸B®Xª§A ¾BT§BM Ç Rn Joí«
Ø , »§BL§A
(ê)
ã :¹X¦Xª§A ¾BX§BM
/»mh½ ¿ BªA »®íª§A W¼e «
[ 38ë ] ( P ÒjÖpo§A
Ò )
Joí«
Ø ,¸nBíTw¿á A ¥¼Lw »¦î tB®§A « o~§A »@
ã ¤B%½ kP° /¥h®§A « oGv§A :omí\A

¬C Joí«
Ø ° , k{BM ³‾B½pAn ³H SwA ¬B½jBM »®í« ° ¬p° oM ©¼« BM :¤B (¨B½ pAn ) 927.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/70. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A oF‾A° /SwA [‾B½pAn
Joí« ° , k{BM q¼a oµ ¶j±§BQ ° G¼a§ ° bBæ , Ç °B‾ ¬p° oM Ç :¤B (ΰAn ) 933.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/ SwA !°An ¬C
/(ΰAÒ n) 33ì.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (3
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ¾BX§A JBM ) 1ì7.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
( BTwÖ o§A
Ô ) .¾Ao§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 17ë

/ (1)³Twn
[ 38ì ] ( PBTwÖ o§A
Ô )
/ (3)BTw°n (2)Joí«
Ø ,¹½o%§A :¾Ao§A ©6M hAkwÖ o§A°
Ô hAjpÖ o§A°
Ô
[ 387 ] ( |Bæo§A
Ò )
/oµBp ±µ° (ê)q½pnÒÖ A Joí«
Ø >°oí« :Bª´¼@ cTm§BM pApo§A°
Ò
[ 388 ] ( ¥Ö^o§A
Ò )
/JAoz§A bkP Ç Ï½odT§BM Ç oÒTÒ§ Joí«
Ø , ¹¼P°ÑA ¸ozî BT®YA :ovñ½° cTm§BM
(ë)

/³@op ©wBM >°oxª§A ¹¼ªvU JBM « ©w¿á A Am´M nAk%ª§A Amµ ¹¼ªvU ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
/ (7)²o¼Š° (ì)[®µo@ »@
ã K½oíT§BM boæ
Ø kP°
[ 389 ] ( ¨Ø nÒ )
/ (8)pAo¼zM B´Ø¦A ºoÔ
× P uªiÒ :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
,o%Ǫ§A o¼Çi »®íªM ³¢«AnÐA ³¦æÑA° , ¨An Joí«°
Ø ,©\íª§A o~Th«° t±«B%§A »@
(9)
ã ³§BP
/ »®p
ã »@ã o´x½ Bª« Bªµ°

/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 23ë.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 1ê81.ê bBd~§A (2
/(BTw°n ) 97ê.2 é?B ¬BµoM (3
/ k®‾A±i |Bæn »Moî ³M ° /k{BM »í¦ Ç q¼hL{ ¬p° oM Ç :¤B (q½pnA) 103.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 320.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(oT§ ) 700.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (ì
Ø G~‾ ±µ° , oÖTÒ§ Joí«
, ºq½oLT§A @ª§A Ø ¸ozî BT®YA :¥Ö?o§A
Ø , ¹¼°E Ò :¤B 73. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (7
/²±d‾° JAoz§A ³¼8 ék±½ ¾Bî° »¦î ¹¼wnB)§BM ÓBq½E xÒ¦a½°
Ô , ¤B=X« ¸F« Sw ºq½oLT§A
Øã @ª§A°
Ø
/71.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (8
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 122.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
17ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( U«Ò o§A
Ò )

[ 390 ] ( 1«Ò o§A


Ò )
/ (2)Ï«n °ÑA (1)³«n Joí«
Ø ,©®U§A « ¹íG%§A :ϽodT§BM
/JoPÑ¿A ±µ°
[ 391 ] ( [ÒT ÖhwÒ °Ö o§A
Ò )
boæ°
Ø ,oµBp ³¼@ K½oíT§A° / ShwAn
(3)
Ô ¤B%½ kP° , ³Ti±w º°n Joí«
Ø ,h°odª§A om~§A
/ (ê)keA° o¼Š ³M
[ 392 ] ( c°o§A
Ô )
/ (ë)j°n Joí«
Ø ,o¼Lñ§A o´®§A :©6§BM
[ 393 ] ( kÖ‾°Ò o§A
ß )
kÇ‾°o§A ¤B%¼Ç@ ¼Ç~§A »§Aá Kv®½ kP° ,>°oí« :¬±®§A ¬±ñw° °A±§A cT@° ¾Ao§A ovñM
/ (ì)k‾±½n Joí«
Ø ,»®¼~§A
¥ªTdǽ mî¼Çe° /kÇ‾°An ¤B%ǽ »®íǽ
ã ÓBÇm§ÑA B´‾°k½qǽ ¾BLIÑ¿A° : (7)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP
/oµBx§A ±µ° , (8)K½oíT§A

/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 237.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/ k{BM k®)w±£ ³¦£ ³H SwA < ³«n > »®í« ³M Ç ðª‾ ¬p° oM Ç :¤B (ð«n) 9ì1.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
u« , Ç S{oÇ ºBÇU° nAj ³a=‾ ºBi ¬±ñw° W§BY ©qM Ç :¤B (ShwAÔ n ) 929.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/SwA [Thw°n ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k®½±£ q¼‾ ³Ti±w º°n An ¬C° , k{BM ³Ti±w
SwA ³Ti±w u« ¬C° , k{BM < ShwAn > ³H < ³Ti±w°n> Joí« Ø :([Thw°n ) 97ê.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
Ø : ¤BÇ ([ThÇw°n ) 1ì89.2 @¼íÇ« ¡®µoÇ8 ÓBq½E oF‾A° /k®½±£ !od«
JoíÇ« Ø tBd‾ »Moî ³M °
/³Ti±w°n = ShwAn
(Yǽn ) 121. ¹½kÇØØ H¿ Ñ A RBª¦Çñ§A ©\í« > »8° ã /(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ì1.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/< j°n > ¹¼wnB)§A B´®«° , < ±?An > ¸F¼´M ¹½kH ¿
Ñ A ¹;¦§A »8
ã ¹ª¦ñ§A Rjn° :˜An :¤B
/k®½±£ < k‾°An > »Moî ³M ° jn°C ¤B´wA ³H b°oí« SwA »Ä°nAj (k‾±½n ) :991.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 297.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
:¥¼° /@¼~§A »8 ã ¸o\{ ¥æE ³‾Aá : ¥¼ k‾°Ao§A° k‾±½o§A°
Ò k‾°o§A :¤B 7ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (8
³®Ç« »®¼~§BÇ8
ã / »‾BwA
ã oi° »®¼æ ã ±µ° , tBL½o§A ¥æÑA ±µ° , < k‾°An > ³T¼wnB8Ø ºk®´§A
ã ¬B«o§A
Ø ¥æE
( ¬ kÒ µÖ o§A
ÔßÒ ) .¾Ao§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 177

/k¼íM ±µ° / (1)¥¼P BªA ¹Ó U§ ³‾±A°


[ 39ê ] ( ¬kÖÒ µo§A
ß ÒÔ )
Ø , ¹ñªM n±m~í§BA oÄBI :¨À§BM ¤kµn ¤B%½° ,¾Ao§A ¹XÚ¦X«
©§BÇí§A ºÑã A ¬AkǵAn Joí« (3) (2)

/q½oG§BM
[ 39ë ] ( [«Ò B®Öµo§A
Ò )
(ê) ³«B‾ ²n Joí« ,Bµo¼Š° »wAoª§A ¹@oí« »@ ³M ¬°kT´½ odL§A »@ q½oG§A JBTA :cTm§BM
Ø ã ã
/oµBp ±µ° /JBTñ§A <³«B‾>° ,q½oG§A <²n>
[ 39ì ] ( ¹]Ò ±Ò µÖ o§A
Ò )
±´@ , nA±µÖ nÒ ,k½nj MA ¸o´ª] î BªA ZÀª´§A ±µ° ,ZA±µo§A nk~« , (ë)o¼v§A « Joi

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA ¿Ø Aá ,Z±Ò µÖ o§A


/ (ì)<nA° ²An> oØmh« , n°Ò ²Ö nÒ Joí« Ò AmA° ;oæ°
[ 397 ] ( ºØã o§A
Ò )
©wAá ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ±µ° ,omhª§A Joí«
Ø ,©\í§A hAoî »@
ã >°oí« k¦M :k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
(7)

/ (8)kªí§A èíM ³§BP B« »¦î ;k¦L§A »‾BM


ã ¼IÀv§A ¾B®MÑA èíL§

/¥¼h§A °E JA°k§A
Ø k‾°An »‾BwA
ã oh¦§° »Ø ã ªß d§ k‾°A
Õ n »®¼~¦§
ã ¤B=½° , JA°Ak¦§
Ø »‾BwA
ã oh§A° ozL¦§
/(k‾°An ) 933.2 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/< ¹¦X« > :¹?±ahª§A »8 ã ° , ¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A »8
ã AmH (2
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 230.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
¹¼wnBÇ8 , Ç ©¼Çª§A cTÇ8° ¾BÇ´§A ¬±ÇñvM Ç [«B®µAn > [«B®µn :¤B ([«B®µn ) 38ì.3 t°oí§A ZBU (ê
/< x½oa§A JBTH > ²B®í«° , ³«B‾ ²An B´¦æÑA° , Joí§A B´¦ªíTwA
/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 318.1 bBd~§A (ë
²An x±Çi KwA ³ÇH SwA nA±Çµn G)h« Ç oP´{ ¬p° oM Ç (n±µn )° :(nA±µn ) 98ë.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/ k{BM
/11ì.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/98ë.2 é?B ¬BµoM (8
178 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( qÒ Ö½ o§A
ß )

[ 398 ] ( PÒq½Ö o§A


ß )
/<²q½n ZBU> ©´TU§ »@
ã ³¦æÑA° , ²q½n Joí«
Ø , K¦íX§A K®î
(1)

[ 399 ] ( [Ö®µÒ AÑ ©½o§A )


/ (2)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã BªA ¡®µÐA ©½n Joí«
Ø ,RBL‾ ¥æÑA

/(¾Ao§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 23ë.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


g¼ÇM ³ÇH SwA [®µC ©½n »®í« ° ¬p° oM , »wnB8 bBH BM :¤B (¡®µC ©½n ) 990.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/SwA ¬ÐA Joí«
Ø [®µC ©½n ° , jpBw  BQ An ©ip ©½n ° oa ¬C° , k{BM ¤±„oi
ºAq§A
ã JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ê00 ] ( ZAÒq§A )
/ (2)éª] ¨ÀA »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM (1)ò Ap Joí«
Ø ,>°oí«
[ ê01 ] ( ZnAÒ
ß q§A )
/ »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A ovñM (3)Ï{nß pß Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« oªY :JBdvA ZAnq§A°
Ò ,KeB~A
[ ê02 ] ( ¥¼MÒ
â q§A )
¤B%ǽ° ;¥½kß Ö®Ò%ÇA (ë)¥¼LÇÖ‾pÒ JoíÇ« ß o¼«ß ÒÑBA
Ø ,>°oí« ±µ ¥M JAo\§A °ÑA ³m%§A :¼ÙÖ ñw°
(ê)

/ (ì)o¼Lß ‾Ö pÒ
[ ê03 ] ( ZÔØ q§A )
/ »ª\í§A
ã ©¼\§A o¼mhTM (8)^p Joí«
Ø , ©´v§A ¥~@ :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
(7)

³¼L{ »‾BH k{BM ºoµ±] ¬C° , SwA < ò Ap > Joí« Ø , ZBM ¬p° oM :¤B (ZAp ) 99ê.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/ðª‾ ³M
RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« »8ã ¤B° / ³M ¨L~Ô½ c¦
Õ «ß ºÑã A < ò Ap > K½oíU ZAq§A :¤B 82. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/< ÎAp > ¹¼wnB)§A B´®«° :(Z°p ) 121. ¹½kH ¿Ñ A
/(ZnAp ) 99ì.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 388.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/121. ¹½kH ¿Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (ë
/(¥¼L‾p )° (o¼L‾p ) 103ê.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A boe) 28ë.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (7
/(Zp ) 100ì.2 é?B ¬BµoM (8
180 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( JBMnÖ q§A
ß )

[ ê0ê ] ( JBMnÖ q§A


ß )
/o§Ñ¿A° ¸qª´§BM JBMnp Joí«
Ø ,Kµm§A ¾B« :ovñ§BM
[ ê0ë ] ( ¬±]nÒÒ q§A )
ºm§A
ã ºÑã A Ç »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§A ©i° cTm§BM Ç (1)¬±£np Joí«
Ø ,oªeÑA ŒLæ° oªh§A :¹Aod«
/¬±¦§A »@
ã Kµm§A ³Lz½
[ ê0ì ] ( ¼nqÔß §A )
B´GÇw° »%Lǽ° BµBÇwÑAn ¥ikǽ JBÇL§A ¹mñwÑA »¦î K~®U ¸k½ke :ovñ§BM° ©6§BM
(3) Joí« ,Ç ovñ§BMÇ (2) Sm] ¹¼wnBm§BM »ªvU »T§A q¦U§A ¹¦v¦w ³¼¦îqØ¦í¼§ ¸pnBM¹%¦d§BA
Ø ß ã ã
/ (ë)¨À§BM ¼¦@°p° ¼m§°p ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½° ,½o@°p ¤B%¼@ K¦%½ kP° , (ê)¼Jn°p
[ ê07 ] ( ¹KÒ ‾ß B«nÔq§A )
/¤Bª\§A
Ø tBL§ ºÑã A ¹‾BMnBw Joí«
Ø ,>±æ « ¹LØ ]Ô :©6§BM
:<nBÇw> ,¬BMnBw »ªv½ ¤Bª\§A
Ø ¬Ñ¿ ;±´w ±µ° , ³‾BMoT{A Joí«
(7)
Ø
(ì) t±«B%§A »@°
ã
K½oíÇT§A AmÇ´§ KwB®ª§A ¬ÑA »mh½ ¿° ,¤Bª\§A
Ø »®íªM ¬BMoT{A° ¬BMnBw « Ø¥ñ@ ,¥ª\§A
/¤°ÑØ ¿A

:77. ¹MoíǪ§A ¹¼wnBÇ)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8


ã ¤B° /( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A boe) 197° 19ì.13 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (1
ºÑã A < ¬±£> @«° Kµl ºEã < np > @« KHo« , ¸oh~§A »8 ã é=®Tvª§A »8B~§A
ã oaª§A °E ¸oªh§A :¬±]nq§A
/¬±§
/< S)a > : oµBF§A° , AmH (2
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2131.ë bBd~§A (3
/(@¼8n°p ) 10ê3.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(@¼)§°p )° (@¼¦8°p ) , (@½o8°p ) 10êë.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/( ºAã q§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ê1.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã Am´M boæ°
Ø / ¤Bª\§A
Ø ‚BT« : ºÑã A ¹‾BMoT{ÑA B´¦æÑA :¤B 78. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (7
/< ¹‾BMnBw> Joí«Ø ³‾FM boæØ @« »¦î oXí‾ ©§° /3ê9 Ç 3ê8. Joíª§A° Ø , (¹=‾B«np ) 9ë. ¹¼wnB)§A
( [Ö‾nÒ pÒ ) .ºAq§A
ã JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 181

[ ê08 ] ( [Ö‾nÒÒ p )
/ (2)¡‾np Joí«
Ø , ¬BTv\w ¹L~P :ϽodT§BM
(1)

[ ê09 ] ( ¹KÒ Ò‾nÒÖ q§A )

Ø ³Ø‾ÑBA ,½Ö k§A


/u¼§ Kµm§A ºÑã A (3)³Ò‾nÖ pÒ Joí« Ò
[ ê10 ] ( 1¼Ö ‾ß nÒÖ q§A )
µm§A »§Aá ¥¼h½ ³‾Ñ¿ ;³M »ã ªw
Ø ,u¼§ Kµm§A ºÑã A »‾nÖ pÒ Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,>°oí« : g¼‾nÖ q§A°
(ê)
Ò
/KµmM u¼§ ³‾Aá ¤B%¼@ Kµm§A ³‾ÑA
[ ê11 ] ( [¦Ò ¼Ö ‾ß nÒÖ q§A )
/ (ì)¹U¦§A ¥µÑA èíM ³M boæ
Ø ; ³¦¼‾np Joí«
Ø ,tA±½o§A :cTm§BM
[ ê12 ] Ø q§A )
( cÔ
Ȃ@
ã ³§BP ;ÓB6½ÑA ³Moí« cT@ »6T%½
ã tB¼%§A° ,cTm§BM SaÒ Joí«
Ø ,k®´§A « ¥¼] :©6§BM
/ (7)t±«B%§A
[ ê13 ] ( ¤±Ô§qÒ §A )
¬±ñTª§Aj°k§A³¦æÑ
Ø A° / »ª\î
Øã ±µ°/JAoÒ UÔ A (8)¤¿pÔ Joí«
Ø ,jnBL§A »@B~§A¾Bª§A
ã :n±L~A

/138.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1


/([‾np ) 30ê. Joíª§A
Ø (2
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ê1.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/( ºAã q§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ê1.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
oM x¼‾np :ÓBq½E ¤B° / g¼‾np G)h« < »Ö ‾ß nÖ pÒ > :¤B (x¼‾np )° (»‾np ) 1017.2 é?B ¬BµoM »8° ã (ë
/SwA g¼‾np »®í« ° ¬p°
k{BÇM »¼®TÇwn ¬C° , k®½±Ç£ An tA±½n :Ç ³¦¼Mo„ ¬p° oM , ¤°A cT)M Ç ¤B 1017.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/SwA < [¦¼‾np > ¬C KUoí« ° , k‾n±i ³H b°oí«
/( ºAã q§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ì2.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
©Çµ ³M boM ¬B¼« nj ³H k®½±£ An »«oH :Ç ¤A±] ¬p° oM ¤°A ©qM Ç (¤¿p ) 1027.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (8
»UB¼e k‾A An ¨oH ¬C° , k®‾A±i ¤¿p JC An JC ¬C° , bBæ JC pA oQ SwA ºA²k‾oQ °A° , kwn»«
182 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹¼Ø§q§A
ß )

/³ªwBM ¾Bª§A »ã ªv@


Ø »@B~§A
ã ¾Bª§A ³¼@ [¦X§A »@
ã
[ ê1ê ] ( ¹¼Ø§q§A
ß )
/cTm½° ovñ§BM (2)±Ô¦½pß Joí«
Ø , sBvL§A :ovñ§BM
(1)

[ ê1ë ] ( Bh¼§Ò
â p)
/©6§BM (ê)Bh¼§pÔ Joí«
Ø , q½qí§A ¸Eo«A :¨À§A ovA° cTm§BM
(3)

[ ê1ì ] ( [«Ò qÒ §A )
/ (ì)¬BµoL§A° [®µo@ »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ; ³«p Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,è¼MÑ¿A ZAq§A :ϽodT§BM
[ ê17 ] ( jB‾q§A
ß )
/¥¼P B« »¦î ³§ ÓBíª] u¼§° , (8)k‾p Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° / nB®§A ³M bk%½ j±î :ovñ§BM
(7)

[ ê18 ] ( 1LÒ Ö‾qÒ §A )


Joí«
Ø ,<jApÐA°ow> :¤B%½ BªA ¥½±G§A ºÑã A , jApÐA tom§A ¹U§ »@
ã ³§±G§ »ªv½ jn° :omí\A
/ (9)KTñ§A « ¹¦ª] »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ; ³LÖ‾pÒ

/SwA »Moî bBæ »®í« ³M ¤¿p ° /Svµ »e±Mm« SHoe°


/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 390.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/79. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/< q½oí§A> :¹?±ahª§A »8°ã , ¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A »8ã AmH (3
/(Bh¼§p ) 1028.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A boe) 290.3 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (ë
/([«p ) 1029.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 298.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A oF‾A (7
¿ , ¹F)Ǧ§A »Ç8
ã o¼¼;ÇU ÀÇM < kÇ‾q§A> ±µ k‾p K½oíU ¬ÑA 98. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¾B] @ñ§° (8
/ < jB‾q§A>
ºB´¦£ òoM ³H k¼)w SwA »¦£ :³L‾ÒA ¬p° oM , W§BY° ¤°ÑA cT)M :¤B (³L‾p ) 103ê.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (9
/(xL‾p ) 17ê9.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 :oF‾A° /SwA xL‾p ¬C Joí« Ø ° , j±{»« º±Lzi° pAnj ¬C
»§Aá ¾BÇ´§A S§±Çe°
Ø , <ÏLÇ
Ò Ö‾pÒ >° <³LÒ Ö‾pÒ > Joí«
Ø xL‾q§A :97 . ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¤B°
/bB=§A
( n±LÖ‾qÔ §A ) .ºAq§A
ã JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 183

[ ê19 ] ( n±LÖ‾qÔ §A )
/cTm§BM n±L‾pÒ Joí«
Ø , tBv§
(1)
Ø JBMl :©6§BM
[ ê20 ] ( [Ö‾qÒß §A )
/ (3)»¢‾p
ã Joí«
Ø , »\‾p
(2)
ã ©µkeA° ,¬Aj±v§A « ¥¼] :ovñ½° cTm§BM
[ ê21 ] ( nB\Ö
Ò ‾qÒ §A )
/ (ë)nB¢‾p Joí«
Ø ,>°oíª§A é¼6§A
(ê)

[ ê22 ] ( ¬B\Ö
Ò ‾pÒ )
/oµBp ±µ° , (7)¬B¢‾p Joí«
Ø , ¬B\¼MnlÑBM k¦M :cTm§BM
(ì)

[ ê23 ] ( nBLÒ \Ö‾qÒ §A )


/[‾q§A jÀM ºÑã A ,°nBM ¡‾p ³¦æÑA° , (8)nBL¢‾p Joí«
Ø ,¹@°oí« jÀM
[ ê2ê ] ( o!\Ö
Ô ‾qÔ §A )
/ (10)co¢®{ Joí«
Ø , >°oí« ŒLæ :©6§BM
(9)

/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) ê1.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 192.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/( »\‾p
ã ) 98. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (3
/<é¼®~§A> :oµBF§A° , AmH (ê
/»¦ªî° »‾kí« :k{BM»« ‚±‾ °j ¬C° SwA nB¢‾p Joí« Ø :¤B (nB\‾p ) 103ë.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/1ë2.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ì
/(¬B¢‾p) 10ê0.2 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/([‾p ) ìëë.ë @¼í« ¡®µo8 (8
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) ê1.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
K½oíU , oªeÑ¿A oLd§A ³®« ¥ªí½Ô |B~M
Ø STØ )T« ¬kí« :o)\Ô Ö‾q§A
Ô :¤B 80. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (10
/ < bo\Ò ®Ö {>
Ò
18ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¥¼Mâ kÒ Ö‾qÒ §A )

[ ê2ë ] ( ¥¼Mâ kÖÒ ‾qÒ §A )


,©¼xí§A »®íªM B®µ Ç ºAq§A
ã ovñM Ç <²k‾p>
ß , ¥¼Q ²k‾p Joí«
(1)
Ø ,©¼xí§A ¥¼m§A :¥¼Lv¦vA
/ (2)¥¼m§A <¥¼Q>°
[ ê2ì ] ( 1½Ö kÖß ‾q§A
ß )
« °ÑA ,¹¼M±Mo§BM° ¸oiпBM «Æ½ ¿ « °ÑA ,¹ª¦x§A° n±®§BM ¥ÄB%§A °ÑA ,¹½±®X§A « :ovñ§BM
/ (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;¹Äoª§A ½j ºÑã A ½j
â ¬pÒ Joí«
Ø ±µ °ÑA ,¬Bª½¿á A o´x½° omñ§A GL½
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA ©UBe »MÑ
,¥ªí§A :<joA>° ,¸±¼d§A :<²k‾p> , (ê)jo( ²k‾p Joí« ã A î k½nj MA î°
/»´T‾A /oµk§A ¨A°kM ¤±%½ ºÑã A
,©\í§A ¬Bv§ »@ Ø ³Ø‾ÑA qd§A ¬Bá @ N ¤±%§A ¥¼Lw î ©µkíMÑA B«°
ã ¥ªíTvª§A Ͻk‾p Joí«
(ë)

/ o¼M~T¦§ >Bñ§A ¥í§° ,k‾q§A JBTA ¨BñeÑBM ¥«Bí§A : ºAq§A


ã cTmM ±µ°
¿ BªÇA ¸nBíTÇw¿á A JBM « t±«B%§A »@
ã BµoAl »T§A
ã »‾Bíª§A
ã »@
ã ³§BªíTwAá ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
/»mh½
/ (7)Bµo¼Š° (ì)¼‾BµoL§A° [®µo@ »@
ã K½oíT§A « ²B®%%e BªM boæ°
Ø

/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 391.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/80. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ê2.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/3.8 nB?°Ñ¿A ¥¼‾ :oF‾A (ê
±Çµ BÇ« K]±ªM ¥ªí½ ºm§A ã ±µ° , < Ͻk‾p > K½oíU ³‾Aá :¥¼° :81 Ç 80. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ë
Ȃ8
ã xBÇî ºm§A ã »wnB)§A
ã ©¼ñd§A ˜BµAo8A JBTH »8ã ²oH l jn° x½k‾q§A @ñ§ /k‾q§A JBTñM n±av«
:¥¼ W¼e ³®¼î BTvMÑ¿A JBTH »8 ã ºEã k‾q§A G¼§FU ¥L ¹jB‾q§A oH l ÓBq½E jn°° /c¼vª¦§ éMAo§A ¥¼\§A
ã ÓAlAá ºk‾q§B8
©½kÇ=§A g½nBT§A »8 ã /ÓBí¼ª] Bª´MohU° oeBv§A° ²k‾q§A JnBdU »ñ§ ã //¸À~§A B®¦í] B®‾Aá
, < ϽkÇ‾p > ¸n±Çæ »¦î B´M A±F)¦T8 ¬±Ykdª§A to)§A ¹ª¦ñ§A ²mµ mhUA k° /Kµmª§A c¼L oeBw
/(Ͻk‾p ) 1039.2 é?B ¬BµoM ÓBq½E é]An° /(ì8ê Ç ì81.1 !ozª§A é§B? ) x½k‾p SØ=ÔT{A B´®«°
/(ð½k‾p) 1039.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (Ͻk‾p ) 1833.2 ºo¼¢‾B´] ã ¡®µo8 (ì
/RB8BkAá ³¼8° , (x½k‾p ) 3ê3 ° 3ê2. Joíª§A Ø (7
( ³\ÒÒ ¦¼BÖâ ‾q§A
ß ) .ºAq§A
ã JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 18ë

[ ê27 ] ( ³\Ò ¦Ò ¼!Ö


â ‾q§A
ß )
Joí«
Ø , oTñ§BM ³¼L{ :Ç ¹¦¼LGv%A Ç ¹\¼¦Òm‾Ö q§A°
(1)
ß ,¹\§Bm‾q§A° ,¨À§A cT@° ºAq§A
ã ovñM
Ø kÇP° ;¹®¼mÇv§A [¼¦ÇM Ç« oUæÑA ³Ø¦í¦@ ,¹m%§A ³M hBv½ Bdvª§BM ³¼Lz§A ºÑã A ³¦¼L‾p
boÇæ (2)

/ (3)t±«B%§A »@
ã K½oíT§BM
[ ê28 ] ( BÒ°Ôq§A )
Ò ÔGA
Ø ³Ø¦í§° , tk%§A ¤BL\M çnÑ¿A »¦î xoTm½ RBL‾ :»M±
»§Aá ³¦¼Çª§ ; BQ±Çw JoíÇ« (ê)

/¥]Ö o§A
ß :<BQ>° ,K‾B\§A :<±w> ,±ª®½ ¼e ¥mv§A
[ ê29 ] ( ¸oÖÒ µqÔ §A )
/ »®p
ã »@ã º±%½ ºm§A
ã ±µ° ,Ç °A±§A cTmM Ç n°Ap
(ë)
Ò Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ©\‾ :¸jÒ ÆÖ ÔTA
[ ê30 ] ( 1LÒß ½Ö q§A
ß )
(7) ²±Ç½r ¤B%ǽ° , (ì) ²±¼] Joí« ,>°oí« :¼íTª§A ±µ °ÑA oXAÑA qª´§BM° ,ZoMp° ©µnkA
Ø Ú ßÖß Ò Öß
/ ±¼]°
[ ê31 ] ( [½Ö q§A
ß )
/ ¡½p (8)Joí«
Ø ,¾B®L§A …¼i :ovñ§BM

Y¼dǪ§A t±«BÇ=§A y«Bǵ »Ç8 ã ¤BÇ /¾B)§A° bBñ§A @¼M ¬±®§BM <G®ñ§BM> c¼d~§A ¬E oµBF§A° , AmH (1
/ »UF½
ã BªH ¾»z§A
ã ³¼8 ék±½ boF§A :ovñ§BM ±µ , G®ñ§BM ³§± :192.1
/ < ³¦¼Q ¬p> Joí« ã o§A RA°jE ¾Bî° :¹\Ò Ò¦¼)â ‾Ö q§A
Ø , »îA ß :81. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/( ºAã q§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 192.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/tk=§A ¥L\M RBL‾ :»M±aH »8°p :¤B (b°p ) 2ë8.12 t°oí§A ZBU (ê
/(n°Ap ) 1001.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A (ë
oF‾A° /k®‾A±i xL½p »Moî ³M ° , k®½±£ An JBª¼w , ²±¼« ¬p° oM :¤B ( ²±¼]) ì0ì.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/(xLÄp ) 3ê7 Ç 3êì. Joíª§A
Ø
xL½p ¬C Joí«Ø ° k{BM JBª¼w ³H SwA ²±¼] »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (²±½r ) 10ìê.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
/SwA
/( ºA
ã q§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 193.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
18ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ZBÒM ²Ö o½
Ò q§A
ß )

±´Ç@ ³z%Ç‾ »Ç@


ã ³íLTǼ§ J±X§A »¦î ϽBd§A ²kz½
Ø …¼i :¥¼P° / (1)keA° o¼Š ³M boæ
Ø
¼¼íÇT§ ©\®Çª§A
Ø n±Twj ³¼@ x±%®§A ¬±ñ§ ;¨±\®§A [½p JBTA »ªw
ã ³M° ,ϧm§ n±Twk§BA
/¹¼ñ¦m§A tBi°Ñ¿A
[ ê32 ] ( ZBÒM ²Ö o½
Ò q§A
ß )
/é« »®íªM <BM>° ,¬±ªñ§A :<²o½p> , (2)BM²o½p Joí«
Ø ,¬±ªñ§A ³¼@ ¥í\½ ºm§A
ã hoª§A
/³§ ³]° ¿ hoª§A »®íªM ³‾Aá :©´6íM ¤±P°

/([½p ) 10ë0.2 é?B ¬BµoM° , 82. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (1


/(BM ²o½p ) 10ë2.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A (2
¼v§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ê33 ] ( cBÒMBv§A
Ò )
KeBÇæ ©´®Ç« ¹îBªÇ] ³§BÇP BÇ« »¦Çî jBÇMÐA tÀÇQ Joí«
Ø , ºovñ§
× ÄAkª§BM éi±«
/¼IÀv§A « ±µ° ,B´¼‾BM ©wA :<tÀQ> , (2)©\íª§A o~Th«° (1)t±«B%§A
[ ê3ê ] ( n±ÔMBwÒ )
²B®í«° (ê)n±QB{ Joí«
Ø ,³ªwBM S¼ªw
Ø
(3) tnBmM ¹®½k«° ,>BTA ¿
Ñ A ºmM
ã >°oíª§A Ï¦ß ª§A
Ò
/¬BG¦v§A k§°
/²B®M ³‾Ñ¿ ;³¼§Aá Kv‾ , (ë)n±QB{ k¦M ºÑã A n±QB{ ³‾ ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ³‾¿ ;n±MBv¼‾ ³®«°
±µ° ,n±MBz¼®A k‾°B¼‾ ¤B%¼@ ¾B½
Ó ¾B´§A K¦%U kP° ,k‾°B´®A k¦L§A :tom§A ¹U§ »@
ã <³‾>°
/&A ¾Bz‾Aá ¾»\¼w
ã B« »¦î ©½k%§A ¥æ±ª§A ¾BªwÑA « ©wA ±µ ºm§A
ã º±®¼‾
× ¥ªTd«
j°ke »@
ã ³‾Ñ¿ ;¬Bv¦§A »Moî
ã B´¦µÑA ¬ÑA é« »ª\î
ã ©wBM S¼ªw
Ø o¼A ³‾ÑBM ¥ñzTv½ ¿°
/tnBm§A

100. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A


Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¤B @ñ§° , (@¼v§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ì3.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
¥¡
Ø :< ³½Bw> @«ß °E /Ï¦ß ª§A
Ò ²oªî
Ø ºÑã A , n±ªí« :< jBMC> ° Ï¦ß «Ò :< ²B{> @« KHo« Joí« Ø : (˜BMBw)
/¥¼¦F§A ¬Bñª§A ºÑã A ¾Ba„ :< x±Q > °
/1ìì.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« : oF‾A (2
/1ì7.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« : oF‾A (3
/(n±QB{) 1219 Ç 1218.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/(³‾ ) 2210.ê é?B ¬BµoM (ë
188 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ZoÒ Ö¼MBß v§A
Ò )

¬Bªî »§Aá JA±MÑ¿A JBM «° , ¿Ó ±I RAom§A »§Aá ¬±d¼] « tnBm§A :¬Akªí§A èíM ¤BP
S¼ªÇw
Ø Bª« Joí§A ºk½Ñ
ã A »@
ã B« èíM »@
ã ¤Bñ{¿á A ¥d®½ ³M° ,©\í§A « ¹¼ªvT§B@ ,ÓBioî
jÀÇM èíM ¹¼ªvU »@
ã ov§A
Ø ±µ° /²±d‾° Ϧª§A n±MBvA ©\í§A ¾À¼TwBM ³‾Ñ¿ ; »ª\î
Øã ©wBM
/¨Àw¿á A »@
ã Joí§A ¾À¼TwBM ³‾Ñ¿ ;»Moî ©wBM ©\í§A
[ ê3ë ] ( ZoÒ ¼Ö MBß v§A
Ò )
/ (1)Îq¼MBw Joí«
Ø ¥¼P B« »¦î ±µ° ,RBL‾
[ ê3ì ] ( ¥Uß Bv§A
Ò )
/ (2)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ; ¥UB{ Joí«
Ø ,¾A°j :KeB~A
[ ê37 ] ( ZBv§A
Ò )
SL®« ÎB®µ°k®´§A RBU§ « (3)¬±( Bw °ÑA ÎBw Joí«,mv§A°
Ø ¾B®L¦§ ³MBziÑA c¦~½ o\{
/ (ê)o\z§A Amµ
[ ê38 ] ( joÖ ]B
ß wÒ )
/ jo£ B{ Joí«
Ø , ¹½oP
(ë)

[ ê39 ] Ò v§A
( ZlB Ò )
¾Bª§A ³]° »¦î ¨±%U »T§A
ã hAn°Ñ¿BA ¾»zM
ã q¦íT½ ¿ B«° y%®§A « »§Bh§A
ã :¤Am§A cTmM
,q½k~TÇM ³%¦íU ¨kí§ °ÑA ,q½k~T§A î ²±¦h§ ;ZlBv§A n±~T§A ³®«° /¥æÑBM q¦íU o¼Š «

bBÇ)§ ° B¼Ç£ ¨jo« ³H SwA Zq¼MBw »®í« ° ¬p° oM bBH BM :¤B (q¼MBw) 10ìì.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/SwA ¬C Joí«
Ø Zq¼MBw° , k{BM
ºBªÇH k®‾BÇ« SwA »ÇÄ°nAj , Ç ¥UBÇ ¬p° oM Ç :±µ (¥UBw) 10ìì.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A »8ã ¾B] ºm§A
ã (2
¬C Joí«
Ø ° , SwA ²k«C ©µ nAj ³a=‾ @¼{ BM ° , k®‾A±i < ð®{°n> ºpAo¼{ ³M An ¬C ° ²k{ ðzi
/SwA < ¥?B{> ¬C Joí« Ø (¥UB{) :1219.3 ³¼8 ° /SwA < ¥?Bw>
/ (ZBw) 1783.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A° /ZBw :³T¼wnB8 :¤B 9ì. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (3
/(@¼v§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A boe) 303.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ :oF‾A (ê
, < ¬B{BÇ> JoÇ ¹½oÇ : Ç ©¼Ç\§A ovñM Ç ¤B (@¼v§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 300.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/< [®{±M > ÇM ºoiÑA°
( Z nB
Ò v§A
Ò ) .¼v§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 189

/ (1)²jBw Joí«
Ø
[ êê0 ] ( ZnB
Ò v§A
Ò )
/ nBw Joí«
Ø , oÄBI :¾Ao§A cTmM
(2)

[ êê1 ] ( [Ö‾nB
Ò v§A
Ò )
/¬±¦§A j±wÑ¿A ºÑã A <¡‾n ²B¼w> ³¦æÑA° , (3)¡Ö‾nBw
Ò Joí«
Ø ,j±wÑA oÄBI :¾Ao§A cTmM
[ êê2 ] ( ¨BwÒ )
/¨Bz§A »‾BM
ã ³‾Aá :¤B%½ kP° /¹¼‾B½ov§A »@
ã ¹ª\íª§BM ¨B{ Joí«
Ø , c
(ê) defg b±‾ MA
[ êê3 ] ( Z°Ò Bv§A
Ò )
/ (ë)²°Bw Joí«
Ø ,o\z§A hn° « miƽ ºk®µ
ã ¾A°j ©wA° ,k¦M
[ êêê ] ( cBLÒ wÔ )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î mBL{ Joí«
Ø ,nAlÐA ¥LP o´{ :JAoÒ UÔ A
(ì)

B« q¼%dT§A° /ÓBü{ oAm½ ©§° ¹¦ª´ª§A° ¹ª\íª§A ¥~@ »@


ã t±«B%§A »@
(7)
ã BªµoAl kP°
/²B‾oAl
»@
ã ¹¦ª´ª§BM° ,¹¼«°o§A° ¹½oLí§A ±d‾ »@
ã ¹ª\íª§BM ³‾±A ϧl ¥X« »@
ã K¦ŠÑ¿A ¬ÑA ²k½Æ½°
Ø
/¹¼Moí§A

/(@¼v§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 193.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


¬C° , SwA nBÇw pA »î±Ç‾ :Ç ©¼Ç] ¬±ñw° W§BY cT8 ³M Ç :¤B (ZnBw) 10ì9.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/jnAj »{±i pA°C° ³TiB8 pA oTña±H ° ¤Bi° Yi oQ ° ²B¼w k{BM ºn±‾B]
ð„oÇ« ³ÇH SwA [‾nBÇw »®í« ° ¬p° oM , »wnB8 bBH BM :¤B (¡‾nBw) 1070.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/k{BM G¼ík ²B¼w
/c
defg b±‾ @M ¨Bw ±´8 :Ç ¹¦ª´ª§A @¼v§BM Ç ¨Bw :¤B 2êì.ê ¤Bªñ§A ¤BªH Aá (ê
/k®‾A±i ¨B‾ @¼ªµ ³M q¼‾ »Moî nj , ¨Bw :107ë.2 é?B ¬BµoM »8°
ã
/179.3 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« :oF‾A (ë
/¹¼«°o§BM o´{ ©wA :˜BLw :¤B (@¼v§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 1130.3 bBd~§A (ì
/(@¼v§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 3ì3.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A : oF‾A (7
190 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( SØLv§A
Ò )

¹¼MoÇí§A »@
ã ¼v§A : »YÀX§A
ã ¬Ap°ÑA JBTA »@
ã º±d®§A
ã ¬±®m§A »MÑ
ã A M kªd« M o~‾ ¤B%@
»I±¼Çv§A
ã ³¦%Ç‾ ;<©{A> ©w¿A° (1)<¬Bz§> ¬Bv¦§A° ,<¨À{> ¨Àv§B@ ¹½oLí§A »@
ã ¼{
/³®î
/BªµkeÑA »@
ã ¹¼ªvT§A n±´x§ ;B®µ ºo\½
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[ ë12 ] Ò )
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[ ë21 ] ( ªÒ {Ò )
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Ø »îoª§A : ªa Joí«
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(1)

[ ë22 ] Ò )
( t±ªÔ z§A
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(2)

[ ë23 ] Ò )
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[ ë27 ] Ò )
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[ ë29 ] ( ZBMn± Ô )
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( l±LÖ‾±{Ô ) .¼z§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 211

[ ë31 ] ( l±LÖ‾±{Ô )
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Ø
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[ ë33 ] Ò )
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ã »Ç@
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[ ë3ë ] ( ZoÒ ¼Ö z§A
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ã
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jB~§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ë37 ] ( B~§A
Ò )
hn±ÇA hn° ±Çµ° , BÇa JoíÇ«
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[ ë38 ] ( JB~§A
Ú )
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Ø Ç« ©A° / K¼w Joí« ã ³‾Aá :¥¼P bBmT§A
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Ô ~§A
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(ê) (3) xyz{ ¹«Àí§A ¨ÀA »@ B« »¦î Z°o´~§A°
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/ k{BM jp oL? ¬C Joí«Ø ° , jnAj @Tvñ{ ³M ZB¼TeA ³H ¬C —awA°
©wAá ¹¼wnB)§BM < @½p > ¬Ñ¿ ; Zov§A oL? ºÑã A @½poL? :¤B (@½poL? ¾B? JBM ) 3ì.3 @½odL§A éª\« (ì
oLa§A ±µ °E oLa§A ³LzU bÀv§A @« ¹§C : @½poLa§A :111. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¤B° /Zov¦§
oLa§A A±=Ø¦í½ ¬E ©´UjBî @« ¬BH toÔ)§A ¬Bá 8 , Zov§A »8
ã xÚ¦íª§A oLa§A ²B®í« ¥æA ¬Ø ¿Ñ ; cæE
Ø Amµ° , ³®¼íM
/Z°ov§A »8
ã
22ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ÎoÒ ÒLÒ\§A )

[ ë81 ] ( ÎoÒ LÒ ÒM§A )


¹í¦%M (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³~i°
Ø ,¥¼P B« »¦î |±~h§BM ¬B´mæA k¦M° k¦L§A ¹í¦P :¹Aod«
/ ÎoLU Joí«
Ø ,ÓB6½ÑA ºo§BM
Øã
[ ë82 ] ( uLÒ Ò^ )
/oµBp ±µ° , (3)uLU Joí«
Ø , ¬Bíi±« :ϽodT§BM
(2)

[ ë83 ]
ã LÒ ÒM§A )
( »z
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , »zLÒÒ U Joí«
(ê)
Ø ,¹¼®¼~§BA om~§A »‾A°Ñ
ã A «
/ÓB6½ÑA ³M boÙ æÔ kP° , (ë)yPÒß U Joí«
Ø ,K¦%§A JAoGiA »®íªM yLG§A AmA°
[ ë8ê ] ( 1LÒ ÒM§A )
»ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM° ¬±®§A ¬±ñw° ¾BL§A° ¾BT§A ϽodTM Ç (ì)¡Ö®LUÒ Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ,¹Aod«
/ÓB6½ÑA >k§A »®íªM ¹¼wnBm§BM ¾B] Am§° ;Ç
[ ë8ë ] ( ¥LÖ ÒM§A )
±´@ (8)o¼LU °ÑA ,³¼LzT§A JBM « ±´@ u¼ñ§A »®íªM ¥LU Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« , ±´¦§A R¿ÐA «
(7)

/ (oLU ) êì7.1 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° (¾Ba§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 312.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/¬BvLa§A :¸jB« 20.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« oF‾A (2
, c¼LÇ=§A : < SvLÇU> JoíÇ«
Ø / ¾»Ç{ ã ¥ÇH @« j±wÑ¿A :¤B (uL? ) 129. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A Ø ©\í« (3
/ YBv§A , éÄBq§A
»zLÇ? ° , k‾pBÇw ©µ À? ° ²o=‾ ° u« pA ¬Ajo£ K§ k{BM »=L? :¤B (»zLU) êì8.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/SwA ¬C Joí«Ø
pA SHoÇe° JAoakA ³H SwA yL? »®í« ° ¬p° oM »‾BY ovH ³M :¤B (yPU) ê70.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/k\MA ºBM BM SwA ¬C Joí«
Ø yL? ° , k{BM RnAoe° »«o£
k{BÇM »=L? :Ç »wnB8 bBH ° W§BY ¬±ñw° »‾BY ° ¤°A cT8 ³M Ç :¤B (ðL®U) êì8.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/SwA ²k«C ©µ ¥µj ° bj »®í« ³M ° k®®H ¬C nj tB®]A ¬¿BØ=M ³H ³TiBw J±a pA ònqM ° @´Q
/ ³M Joq½ ºm§A
ã :¥La§A :¤B (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 17ë0.ë bBd~§A (7
/ k®½±£ An ¥L? ° ²nB=‾ ° t±H ° ¥µj , o¼)‾ ¬p° oM :¤B (o¼LU) êì9.1 é?B ¬BµoM (8
( ¬ kÒ Ö¼LÒß \§A ) .¾B §A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 22ë

/»®íª§A Amµ »@
ã ¥æÑA
[ ë8ì ] ( ¬kÒ ¼Ö Lß ÒM§A )
/ (1)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã B« »¦î ¬k¼PU Joí«
Ø ,JAoGi¿á A
[ ë87 ] ( pAoÒ ÒM§A )
/ (ê)pAoU (3)Joí«
Ø ,¤Bª\§A ³ÄBv‾ »§Aá Kv®½ ÎoT§A jÀM « k¦M :cTm§BM
(2)

Ø ³Ø¦í§ ,oM±®~§A :pAoG§A°


/ pAnj Joí«
[ ë88 ] ( ¬A ÒjÖpAoÒ Mß §A )
/ (ì)¬Aj°pAoU Joí«
Ø ±µ° , t±«B%§A »@
(ë)
ã AmA Joí«
Ø ,¬Aq¼ª§A >ÀŠ :ovñ§BM
/od~ª§A S¼M° ¹îBv§A S¼M ¤B%½ BªA ¬Aq¼ª§A S¼M :²o¼vmU »@
ã ¤B%½ ¬ÑA »§°Ñ¿A°
[ ë89 ] ( V±ÔYoÖ ÒM§A )
/oµBp ±µ° , W¼YoU Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« oªY :W¼YAoG§A ¤B%½° ,t±LdªA
(7)

[ ë90 ] ( ¨oÔ ÔM§A )


/ (8)³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , K‾oU Joí«
Ø ,¹îB\z§A nB´pAá : »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°Ñ¿A ©6M

ºBÇ] pA° ¬j±ªÇ‾ JAoaÇkA° ºnAo»M »®í« ³M ¬k¼wn ¬p° oM :¤B (¬k¼PU) ê70.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/ k\MA ºBM BM k{BM ¬k¼L? ¬C Joí« Ø ° , SwA ²k«C ©µ ¬joH @¼ªH »®í« ³M ° , k{BM ¬k½po§° @Tv]
/27.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (2
oiC »®í« B´§ oH l ³‾ÑA ¿Ø Aá Joí« Ø »wnB8
ã ¹F)¦§A ¬ÑBM (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ºA
ã q§A JBM ) 883.3 bBd~§A »8 ã boæ Ø (3
/Joí«
Ø »wnB8
ã , JA±X§A ©¦î : pAoa§A :¤B=8
nj SwA ºo´Ç{ ¨BÇ‾ ° , SwA oM±®Çæ Sinj ¨BÇ‾ , pBª‾ ¬p° oM :¤B (pAoU) ê79.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/ k{BM < pAo? > ¬C Joí«Ø ° , ¬BM±i ³M SwA J±v®« ³H ¬BTvHoU
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ºAã q§A JBM ) 180.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/112. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ì
ºA²±¼Ç« »‾B‾±Ç½ S;§ BM Ç t±Ld« ¬p° oM ³X¦X« ºBY °j BM Ç :¤B (V±Yo? ) 13ë0.3 é?B ¬BµoM (7
JBM ) 20ë.1 @¼í§A JBTH oF‾A° / k®‾A±i q¼‾ W¼YAo? An ¬C° , k®½±£ < ¥M > »wnB8 ³M An ¬C ³H SwA
/(Bª´í« ¬±®§A° bBñ§A° @¼í§A
/ FGHIEG§Æª§A ²oH l ºm§A
ã »®íª§A ©ÄÀ½ ¿ (¨o? ) ¹F)§ @« ¹;¦§A »8 ã ²B‾k]° ºm§Aã (8
22ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( (Ö½ oÒß \§A )

[ ë91 ] ( u½Ö oß ÒM§A )


/ K½oU Joí«
Ø ,j±wÑ¿A …PÑ¿A ºÑã A <R°oÔÔ PAoP> ¹¼AoT§BM ³§ ¤B%½
B« »¦î ©\í§A jÀM « o¼XA »@ Ø ³Ø¦í§° ,>oI ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½°
㠬пA n±´zª§A±µ° , tÒ¦U Joí«
/²B®íªw
/Joíª§A
Ø Amµ »§Aá JoPÑA ±µ° ,ÓB6½ÑA >oU ¤B%½°
(1)

[ ë92 ] ( nÒqÒM§A )
/ (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã B« »¦î nqU Joí«
Ø , »m¼~§A
ã S¼L§A :³ñ½odU° ºAq§A
ã ©½k%TM
[ ë93 ] ( SvÖ ÒM§A )
/ (3)SzU Joí«
Ø >°oí« ,¾Bª§A »‾A°Ñ
ã A « :SzG§A°
/»´T‾A /¾BU ¼®¼v§A ºkeAá « ¤kMÑA < uI>
Ø ¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ³‾A t±«B%§A »@°
(ê)
ã
Ȃ@
ã BªA ci°ÑA ¬Bñ§ o¼U~T§A »@ ã ¥¼P ±§° ,¹v¼Ö vÒ ÔI ²o¼U~U ¾»\«
ã ϧm§ »îAk§A
ã ¥í§°
« oXAÑA B´¼@ p±\½ ¥M RBMoíª§A
Ø »@ ã omTU« ϧl ¥X«° ³¼@ o¦ñU¿ mî¼e° /¨k%U kP° nB®½k§A
/ϧl
[ ë9ê ] ( 1vÖ ÒM§A )
/cTm§BM ÏvÖ ÒG§A°

³M ° k{BM ²nB=‾ ° ¥µj pA°C° Akæ :Ç ©¼« ¬±ñw° »‾BY ° ¤°A ©qM Ç :¨o? : é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã ¤B
/k®½±£ An ¥vî° ³ñv« :»Moî nj »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A ovH
¿Ø Aá (K‾o? ) 222ê.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 »8 ã ¾B] G®~ª§A ²oH l ºm§Aã »®íª§BL8 ¹¼wnB)§A ¹F)¦§A B«ÑA°
/»ÄBª‾j±i :K‾o? :¤B=8 ¹)اƪ§A ¾Ba§BM BµoH l ³‾ÑA
³M ° < ¥~« > »Moî ³M An ¬C° , k®½±£ An ²B¼w ðzH , boM ¬p° oM :¤B (boU ) ê8ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (1
/k®‾A±i < R°oAo > »HoU
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 78.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/SzU = Sz? Joí« Ø :¤B (Sv? ) 222ì.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 (3
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¾BT§A JBM ) 1ë2.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
( Z±vÔÛ \§A ) .¾B §A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 227

ZAoÇh§A Ç« éi±½ B« °ÑA ¤B¼ñ« ±µ° ,¬°ovñ¼@ ¸jjBUL§A d¦U° : (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP
Ø °ÑA kا±« ³‾ÑBA° ¹«±¦í« ¹L½oi ³L{ °ÑA ¬BMo\§A »¦î
/»´T‾A /Joí«
¤B%½ kP° / (2)ÏvU ¤B%¼@ »®íª§A Am´M ¾BT§BM tom§A »@
ã ÀªíTv« ³‾±ñ§ ;ciA° K½oíT§A°
/¾Bª§A »¦î ¹L½o6§A ³‾ÑA ²B®í« »@
ã o´pÑ¿A ¬ÑA o´x½ ³®«° ,JÐAÏvU
[ ë9ë ] ( Z±vÛ ÔM§A )
/ (ê)±vU Joí«
Ø ,q‾Ak§A éMn : n±Ø®vA
(3)

[ ë9ì ] ( 1¦Ö ÒM§A )


/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ϦU Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,oµ±] :cTm§BM
[ ë97 ] ( n±LÖ®ÔM§A )
/ (7)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;¥ªd§A ¹¼§Bá M ³L{
Ø , ²oM ³LÖÒ ‾jÔ ³¦æÑA , Joí«
(ì)
Ø ,ovñ§BM nBLÖ®Gß §A°
Ȃ@
ã ¥¼ÇP k%Ç@ ,k§±§A kv] »®íªM n±Q U Joí«
(8)
Ø ³Ø‾Aá :¤B%½ ¬ÑA ²o¼vmU »@
ã ci°Ñ¿A°
KÄBv§A kªd«
Ø M ¨Bzµ ¬Aá : º±U¦§A
ã ¹ª¦w M ¥6m¦§ <Joí§A »µÀ«>
ã JBTA î À%‾ ³eo{
M ¥¼MBP j¿°ÑA « ³M Joi° j±í§A ¥ªî « ¤°ÑØ A ¬Aá :<¬±®m§A ¾AkTMA> JBTA »@
ã ¤BP »L¦ñ§A
ã
Ó ½±I ÓB‾B«p oªî
»¦Çî jAjqǽ BÇ« ¸o¼XÇA ¾Bv‾ Z°qU° À Ø ³Ø‾ÑA ϧl° <Ï«¿> ³§ ¤B%½ c
defg ¨jÐA

RB«° À
Ó ¼¦P ¿Aá Wñª½©¦@ k§° ³§ kÒ ß§°Ô :¥¼P »Te k§° ³§ k§±½ ©§ ¬BA° ,³½nA±] Akî ¼vªh§A

/(¾BT§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ë8.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/ @ªv§A ³M ¤Bñ½ bo¡ ±µ° < ³zÒ ÒU > @î Joí«Ø ³‾Aá :113. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã ¤B @ñ§° (2
:(¾BÇa§A ¤B~Ç8 ©¼Ç\§A JBÇM ) 198.1 t±«B=§A »8 ã ³aLk° /¤Ak§BM < j±Ø®vH > :¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A »8ã (3
/ j±)w
/ (±vU) ê9ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM : oF‾A° /(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 327.1 bBd~§A »8 ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø (ê
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ë9.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/Joí«Ø , ³M Kí¦½ ºm§A
ã :n±L®a§A :¤B (¾Ba§A @« »îBMo§A
ã JBM ) ê72.7 @¼í§A JBTH (ì
/²oM ³L‾l :³¼8° (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 79.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/k{BM < n±L®? > ¬C Joí«
Ø ° , n±´z« SwA ºpBw :n±L‾p ¬p° oM :(n±L®U) ë1ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (8
228 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( o¼\ß Ö®\ß §A )

Çî ³Un±æ (1)KµmU ¿ »Te :¤BP° ¸o\{ »¦î ³%Ø¦î° ²miÑB@ ÓAk½k{ ÓBîq] ³¼¦î tq\@
miÑBÇ@ ,éMBæÑ¿A° ¨k%§A° hBv§A° mhm§A »%M
ã »Te …PBvTU ³«Bxî° é%½ ³ªd§ ¥í\@ »®¼î
»¦Çî q®Çí§A° ,mhÇm§A ¸n±æ »¦î ²nkæ ¥í]° èíM é« ³6íM oاƽ ¥í]° ³Ø%{° ÓAj±î
/»´T‾A / (2)»ñL½°
ã ³M Jo6½ ¥í] ©Y h°oí§BA ÓAnBU°ÑA ³¼¦î qØ¦î° g§A // hBv§A ¸n±æ
é®Ç« ¾Bm¦h§A èíM ¬ÑA g½nBT§A ¥µÑA èíM »ñe /n±L®G§A ¹U¦§BM >oí½ j±í§A ¬Aá :A±§BP°
oÇvA Ç« ³ÇM B®ªÇwn BÇ« Sª¦î B« °ÑA :³§ ¤B%@ j±î ³í«° ÓBh¼{ k]° ³‾ÑA° j±í§BM Jo6§A
/³í« ºm§A
ã j±í§A A°ovA° ²±Mo6@ ?n±L®G§A
,u®] « ¼î±‾ Bª´‾±ñ§ ;¹m§Bhª§A »¦î ؤk½ ¿ RBª¦ñ§A èíM »@
ã j±í§A é« ³íª]°
/mhm§A ¸n±æ »¦î éi° ¨k%U BªA ³Ø‾Bá @ ,²nkæ »§Aá ¹¼§¿á BM ³Lzª§A ox‾ ¥í§°
[ ë98 ] ( o¼\Öß ®Mß §A )
Am§° ;³LíA ¸nAkTw¿á ¹¼mYÑ¿A »§Aá ZBTd½ ³‾Ñ¿ ; o¼£ U Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« n°k%§A « :ovñ§BM
/¹¼mYÑ¿A »µ°
ã ¥eo§BA ¹§ÐA »¦î SLX½ ºm§A
ã »®íªM ³Ò¦Uß BQ ¹¼wnBm§BM ³§ ¤B%½
(3)

[ ë99 ] ( ¹vÒ !Ô ®ÔM§A )


, (ê)xAoÇm§A q¦GÇ« ¥ÇM sBvL§A :uñí§BM° ¾Bm§A cT@° ¾BG§A ovñM° ¾Bm§A° ¾BG§A ¹X¦X«
/ (ë)¬BµoL§A »@
ã BªA ³vL®U Joí«
Ø
/kv\§A »%U
ã B´‾Ñ¿ ; ³vQ U ¥æÑ¿A »@
(ì)
ã ³®pÑA°

/< KµkU> :˜±ahª§A ¥æÑ¿A »8 ã (1


/ëì.1 g½nBT§A »8ã ¥«Bñ§A :oF‾A (2
, ³¦¼UBÇM ³T¼wnBÇ8 , JoíÇ«
Ø :ovñ§BM : o¼\®a§A :¤B (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 79.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/SwA ³¦¼UBQ G)h« ¨¿ cT8° W§BY ovñM :¤B (³¦UBQ ) 3êë.1 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A°
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 227.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A : oF‾A (ê
, »‾B={±Ç] ²A±i° »‾B«oH ²A±i k®½±£ An »§B , ³wnk« ¬p° oM :¤B (³vL®U) ë1ë.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/SwA ³v)®? ¬C Joí«° Ø
/})e ºÑã A < tBQ > @«° , kv] ºÑã A < @UÒ > @« ¹LHo« »µ°
ã :¤B 11ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ
¿A (ì
( IÔØ \§A ) .¾B §A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 229

[ ì00 ] ( Ø ÔM§A )
/oµBp ±µ° ,Ç o¼mhT§A° cTm§BM Ç(2) ÒU Joí«
Ø ,²o¼Š° ¬Bv‾¿á A ¬kM :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
(1)

[ ì01 ] ( j±Ö ÒM§A )


/©¼xí§A Ø¥T§A »®íªM Ç ©6§BM Ç ²j±ÔU n±´zª§A° , (ê)j±ÒÒ U Joí«
Ø , ³ª¼xî °ÑA ¥L\§A :cTm§BM
(3)

[ ì02 ] ( n±ÔM§A )
ÓBª¦î nBæ ©Y (ë)¥L] ¥ñ§ ©wAá ¹¼‾AoLí§A ¹U¦§A »@
ã ³‾ÑA ©\íª§A o~Th« »@°
ã ,¥L\§A :©6§BM
/B´®¼íM ¤BL\§
/²o¼Š° (ì)¬Bv‾¿á A « u¼¦U§A ¾»z§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A : ¤±8ÑA
ã : n±U Joí«
[ ì03 ] Ò Ô^ )
( ¬An±
¹½oP ºo§A
ã
(8) ½n±I ¥í§° / ¬An±ÇU Joí« ,©\íª§A o~Th« »@ BªA (7) ¬Bíi±« :©6§BM
Ø ã
/ϧmA ÓB6½ÑA ¬Ao´I ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½ ¥M ,ÓB6½ÑA ¬An±U Joí«
Ø ,B´M
[ ì0ê ] ( t±Ô^ )
¤°ÑØ ¿A pE°
Ø ã ³¦ªíTwA B« »¦î ÓB6½ÑA t±U ¤B%½°
/ (10)n±´z« (9)k¦M :©\íª§A o~Th« »@

/(@U ) ë1ê.1 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° /(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2êë.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/11ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
ë29.° , (²j±ÇU ) ë30.1 é?BÇ ¬BµoÇM :oF‾A° (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 310.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(j±U )
/ ¹ªH ¿
Ñ A »µ°
ã < j±UÔ > @« xTz« :¤B 11ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ê
n±Ç? ¥LÇ] ¥ÇH : ¬E èíÇM @Çî ¥=Ç‾ (n±Ç? ) ê3ë. Joíª§A Ø KeBæ @ñ§° /ê7.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
/ »‾B½ow
ã ³‾E ²o¼v)U »8
ã º°Bq¼L§A
ã @î ¥=‾° , ¹¼‾B½ov§BM
é?BÇ ¬BµoÇM : oFÇ‾A° , Svµ ©Çµ njB´M ° ¬A±¦´Q ° n°¿j »®í« ³M :¤B (n±U ) ë30.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(n±? ) 3ì0.3
/(¬An±U) ë30.1 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° /ê7.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/ê8.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (8
/ê9.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (9
¬B¼e@M oMB]° »w°jo)§A°
ã Ϧª§A ¨BF‾ß B´¼§Aá Kv‾Ô :(t±? ) 132. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¤B (10
230 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( »l±Ô
ã \§A )

/ »‾BX§A
ã Joí«
Ø
[ ì0ë ]
ã ÔM§A )
( »^±
/oµBp ±µ° , (2)ÏÒU±ÔU ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½° , »U±Ô
â U Joí«
Ø , >°oí« oÄBI :©6§BM
(1)

[ ì0ì ] ( ¹¦Ò ½±ß ÒM§A )


»¦î kz½
Ø ºm§A
ã ¥Ld§BM ²ov@
Ø « »¦î ³LT{Aá kP° / ²o¼LU Joí«
(3)
Ø ,¥LGæ¿á A :¹¦¼í@ »¦î
/ϧmA u¼§° ¤±G§A « ³‾ÑA ©îq@ , (ê)¹MAk§A ©ÄA±P
[ ì07 ] ( tn±ªÔ ´Ö Ò^ )
/ÓB6½ÑA ²oiÐA »@
ã ¾BX§BM ¤B%½° / tn±ª´U Joí«
(ì) (ë)
Ø ,©wA
[ ì08 ] ( o¼Ö Mß §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (7)o¼U Joí«
Ø ,o~%§A An :ovñ§BM
[ ì09 ] ( ¬Bv¦ÔÒß ¼Ö ÒM§A )
ºÑã A (9)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA ¬Bz§BU Joí« ã Amµ :¨À§A ¹X¦Ø X«
Ø ,¬BTwoLG§A ¥µÑA ³vL¦½ ºm§A
(8)

Ç« éwA° ©¼¦PAá ±µ° ¬Bv¦¼I Kv®½ ©´¼§Aá >°oí« ¥¼] ±µ° ,y§BG§A B´vL¦½ »T§A
ã ¹vL¦§A

: ³®î &A »kn


ã ¨B«¿á A k´z« »8 ã ¥Lîj ¤B , ÓAo¼XH »Moí§A
ã JjÑ¿A »8
ã Rjn° ϧmH »µ° ã / @½k§A o¼~‾°
à Ò?°Ò »¦Çî @ǽj
oÇ à @« éÔ ÒMoUÖ S®Ô
Ò H ¬Aá ³ÇM »ÇØ
ã Hq§A oLÇ
ß »¦Çî t± à ÔaM éMnAá
/(»U±U) ë29.1 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° 183.ê »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (1
/(Ï?±? ) 13ì1.3 ° (ÏU±U) ë28.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
@¼íÇ« ¡®µoÇ8 :oFÇ‾A° /k‾qǽn B´½k¼¦ÇQ ¬C nj ³ÇH ºA³‾BÇi :¤B (²o¼LU) êì9.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/(¹¦½±? ) 22ê2.2
/(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 9.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/é]Ao8 , ¹X¦Xª§A ¾BX§BM njB~ª§A »8
ã ²oH l oXH ¿Ñ A° /Vn±ª´? 𦫠oH l , ì1.1 g½nBT§A »8 ã ¥«Bñ§A (ë
k®M±Ç½j Vn±ª´ÇU An °A ³ÇH SwA »~hÇ{ ¨BÇ‾ , ¤°A cT)ÇM :¤BÇ (t±ª´U) ë39.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/(Vn±ª´? ) 13ì3.3 é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° /k®‾A±i»«
/ k®{±Q ¬AkM ³‾Bi ³H ºo¼U ±`ªµ k®½±£ An SwAn J±a oµ :¤B (o¼U) ëê2.1 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/ëì.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (8
/(¬Bv¦¼?) 13ìê.3 é?B=§A ¬ABµoL§A :oF‾A° /(¾Ba§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 22ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
( Z±´Ô Ö¼Ò\§A ) .¾B §A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 231

/ (1)©¦½k§A »eA±‾
ã
[ ì10 ] ( Z±´Ô ¼Ö ÒM§A )
/éi±« o¼Š »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ±´¼U Joí«
(2)
Ø ,>°oí« oÄBI :cTm§BM

@« ²Akw °E ³Tªd§ , ³§ ¥)wE ¿ oqiE n°k« Ø ¾BvH :¬BvÒ¦Ö¼Òa§A:113. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã ¾B] (1
/< ¬Bv¼§BÇU> @Çî Joí« Ø ±µ° / ©\í§A tBL§ @« ±µ° , g½Bzª§A° ¾Bª¦í§A @« |A±h§A ³vL¦½ b±æ à
¸AjÑA »µ° Ò
ã < ¬Bw> @«° , ¹«Bªí§A bo? ±µ° < ²oÒ ? > @« KØHo« ±µ° , GTñ§A »¦î »)¦ × Ô½ ¾BvñM ovÔÙ 8°
/³¼LzT§A
:oFÇ‾A° / ¹¼wnBÇ)§A < ±´¼ÇU> JoíÇ«
Ø , »wnBÇ8
ã ¾Ba§A cT)M Z±´¼a§A :¤B 202.ê »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (2
/11ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A° /(¾Ba§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 198.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A
¾B$§A JBM

[ ì11 ] ( oÖÃ ß §A )
/ »@BYÑ
ã ¿A :nAÆx§A ³®«° , o½p Joí«
Ø , …½Bd§A K®] »§Aá ¹«Bîk§A° o~%¦§ An :ovñ§BM
(1)

[ ì12 ] Ø Ò §A )
(y
/oµBp ±µ° , S{p Joí«
Ø ³Ø®pÑA / éi±ª§A :cTm§BM
(2)

/(¾BF§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 80.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/GFz§A ¥X« @zh§A ék±ª§A :yF§A :¤B (¾BF§A ¥~8 @¼z§A JBM ) 277.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
¼í§A JBM
:K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ì13 ] ( Beo
Ò Dß oDß BíÒ §A )
B« »¦î ¹½k®µ »µ°
ã , ²o(o( A Joí«
(2)
Ø , t±«B%§A »@
(1)
ã BªA ¬±ioG§A ¥æÑA :¼@B%§A ovñM
/¥¼P
[ ì1ê ] ( PAoÒ íß §A )
hAoî° ,¹@±ñ§A° ¸o~L§A :Joí§A hAoí@ ,©\í§A hAoî° ,Joí§A hAoî :¬BPAoî :ovñ§BM
/Bªµ¿A° B«° ©P° ¬B´mæA :©\í§A
ºÑã A (3)o´Ç{ ¬AoǽA ¹¼wnBm§BM ³¦æÑA ,Joí«
Ø ³‾ÑA »íªæÑ
ã ¿A î oµqª§A »@ ã »I±¼v§A
ã ¥%‾
/hAoí§A A±§B%@ Bµ±Moí@
Ø ,JAoh§A k¦L§A
¿A ¬ÑA oµBx§A :¤±.ÑA
±µ° JAoh§A »®íªM ¬Ao½Aá ¤B%@ ¾B½ °A±§A K¦P pA±] »§Aá ox‾ »íªæÑ
ã
/¬Ao½° »®í«
©wA ¬Ao½A ¬ÑA tom§A ¹U§ « ¸oLTíª§A KTñ§A èíM »m@ ,¤BP B« >Ài »¦î o«Ñ¿A ¥í§°
/RAom§A »§Aá ¬±d¼] « tom§A ¹ñ¦ªª§
Ȃ@
ã ³î±ÇP±§ ;¬BwAoh@ ,ϧl kíM SYke B´‾Bá @ ¹æBh§A ¾BªwÑ¿BM B´ÄAq]ÑA ¹¼ªvU B«ÑA°

oBí§A ¹°oî ¥æE , Joí«


Ø , RBL‾ : ¬±ioa§A :¤B (¾Ba§A ¥~8 ¾B)§A JBM ) 2ìë.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/Beo
/(B]o oBî) 22ìê.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 (2
/93.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
23ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( AoÒ íß §A )

¹LwB®«° ¾A±´§A ¹«Àw « Joí§A hAoíM B´´Lz§ ;hAoí§BM Bµ¿A°B«° ¬B´mæA° ,¹ñ¦ªª§A ho{
/²B¼ª§A
/¬Ao½Aá Joí«
Ø u¼§ hAoí§A ¬ÑA o´x@
¹¼wjBÇ%§A «° , ¿Ó ±I ¥æ±« »§Aá ¬AjBLî
Ø « ¹@°oí« jÀM hAoí§A : t±«B%§A »@
(1)
ã ¤B%@
¸jAqÒ ª§A
Ò hAoíM »ã ªw
Ø °ÑA ,B´¼@ o\z§A° ¥h®§A hAoî c{A±T§ B´M S¼ªØ wÔ /ÓBioî ¬A±¦e »§Aá
(2)

°ÑA ,oL§A° o½o§A ¼M hAoí§A ¬Ñ¿ ;B´¦mwÑA »@


ã poiÔ AlAá k¦\§A »@oI
ã »%T¦« »¦î ¥í\U (3)¸à kÒ Ö¦\ß ß§
/Bª´¼IB{ ºÑã A RAom§A° ¹¦]j hAoî »¦î ³‾Ñ¿
/ (ê)o\z§A° ¥h®§A ¸o¼XA ²B®í« ¬ÑBM ²ov@
Ø ³®ñ§ ,¬Ao½Aá « K½oíT§A ¥ªTeA ©Y
/¹¦]j° RAom§A »IB{
ã »@ ã o´pÑ¿A ¬BA ÓB¼Moî ²B‾miÑA ±§ :¤B%½ ¬ÑA q¼%dT§A°
ã ³‾ÑA ³´]° »@
ã ÓAo¼XÇA éÇP° B« »¦î ;o´®§A »®íªM B5nA Joí«
nBíÇ{ÑA »Ç@ Ø ³Ø‾ÑA o´pÑ¿B@ K½oíT§BM B®¦P ±§°
(ë)

ã ÓBL§BŠ B´Ø‾Bá @ Joí§A ¤pB®« »§Aá ¹Lv®§BM ²p°oL§ Am´M ²nB´T{A° , ©\í§A
/¬Bí¼%§A « nBm%§A »@ (ì)

/(@¼í§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 2ìê Ç 2ì3.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/[{A±T§ : nk~ª§A »8 ã (2
/nk~ª§A @« ²B®]njE B«° /¸k¦\§A :¹?±ahª§A »8 ã (3
/o\z§A° ¥h®§A ¸o¼XH ²B®í«° , o´{ ¬Ao½A ¹Moí« Ø °E :Amñµ t±«B=§A ¸nBLî }‾ Ø (ê
©½kÇ=§A »ÇA
ã oÇí§A VAoT§A »8ã !Aoí§A ¹ª¦H Rjn° :!Aoí§A :(!oî) 122. ¹½kH ¿ Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« »8 ã (ë
¹¼wnB8 ¹ª¦H !Aoî ¹ª¦H ¬E »§Aá o¼zU »T§A ã ¾An¿Ð A èíM ©¼eo§AkLî /b /j B®¼§Aá ¥=‾° < B=½o½A> ¹;¼~M
/¹Moí«
Ø
/ !Aoî A±§B=8 Joí§A ³TMoí8 < !Ao½Aá > ³¦æE !Aoí§A ¬E ºo½ × n±F®« @MB8
¹ª¦ñ§A ¬E »=½kæ
ã ¤B=8 , ¹M oí«
Ø ¹¼wnB8 ¹ª¦ñ§A ¬E jB=Tî¿A»§ A
á @¼Ykdª§A ¹;¦§A ¾Bª¦îèíM Kµl°
/ ( eran ) »¦î éª\½ ºm§Aã ( er ) ¹)æ ±µ° ( erak ) @î ¹Moí« Ø
(er ) ¹½±¦´)§A »8
ã Rjn° k=8 ¹q)h®ª§A çnÑ ¿ A »®íªM ¹½±¦´8 ¹ª¦H @« J oí«
Ø ³ ‾
Ø A
á : ºA
ã o 8 ¤B°
/1370.3 é?B ¬BµoM y«Bµ é]An° / è)h®ª§A »®íªM
:S¼L§A Amµ ³¼8 jn° (B„nA) Akhµj ³«B‾ S;§ (ì
©Çza JA±i y§B¼i Swj pA ³T8n ©za JC p B„nA °j xnBvin °j oM
( ¬±ÔMoÖ í§A
Ôß ) .¼í§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 23ë

[ ì1ë ] ( ¬±ÔMoÖ íÔß §A )


ã AmÇA ;²±dÇ‾° é¼ÇL§A ³ÇM k%Çî BÇ« :¬BMoP° ¬°qÖ¦dA°
»Ç@ ß ,¸ke±ª§A ¾BL§A° ¼í§A ©6M
/ (2)¬±«nÒA Joí«
Ø ,¹¦«Bíª§BM ¨AqT§À§ miƽ ³®« nAk%« ³‾ÑA oµBx§A° / t±«B%§A
(1)

[ ì1ì ] ( 1íÒ KÖ íÒ §A )
¼Çí§A ³U±Çæ ³LÇz½ (3)JAoÇU§A Ç« t±‾ ±µ° ,K‾m§A ¥½±I çB¼M° jA±vM q¦MÑA oÄBI
o¼ÇŠ ³Çñî ¬Ø ÑA »«BÇv§A
ã Ç« o´x½° / (ê)¤±dm§A èíM î ¥%‾ B« »¦î ³ñî Joí«
Ø ,>B%§A°
/qí%í§A
¼U§BÇM ³Çñ5 Joí«
Ø ±´@ ,¹ª\íª§A ¼U§BM R±~§A Amµ ¥X« î oLí½
Ø ©\í§A ¬ÑA o´pÑ¿A°
/¹ª\íª§A
[ ì17 ] ( ³½Ò n±
ß ªÔ îÒ )
/ (ë)³M A±eoæ
Ø B« »¦î ³½n±¢‾A Joí«
Ø ,¨°o§A jÀM «
[ ì18 ] ( R°nÒq®Ö íÒ §A )
¬B´mÇæA »Ç@
ã ¤B%ǽ° /³ÇM bo~Ç«
Ø ±Çµ° , (ì)R°nqÇÖ
Ò ‾AÒ Joí«
Ø , »wnBm§A
ã ¥dñ§A :cTm§BM
/ (7)²k\®A

/(@¼í§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2ê8.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


n°jqÇ« ³ÇM ¬joÇH nBH pA y¼Q ³H k{BM ºnp , ¬°jo£ ¬p° oM :¤B (¬±«nA) 110.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/k®‾A±i < ¬±MnA> ° < ¬±Moî> »Moî ³M An ¬C° , k®µj
/31ê.ê »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (3
pA ¬C° , b°oíÇ« SwA »„oÇ« ¨BÇ‾ , jkz« »‾BY ° ¤°A cT8 BM :¤B (¹ñî) 1378.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/k®‾A±i < xí=î> »Moî ³M ° , k{BM»« k¼)w° ²B¼w° x¦MA° SwA ïÀH u®]
/¬AjÀM Bª´‾ÑA (¹½n±ªî) 121ë.° (¹½n±¢‾A) 190ë. @¼í« ¡®µo8 @« o´F½ (ë
³ÇH g¦ÇU k{BÇM »;ªæ ¬C° , SwA R°nq®î »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (R°nq‾A) 172.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/SwA ¬C Joí«
Ø R°nq®î° , k‾oM nBH ³M B´ªµo« nj oTz¼M
/22ì ° 3ì :@«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU :oF‾A (7
23ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( j±ÔXÖ®í§A
Ô )

[ ì19 ] ( j±KÔ ®Ö íÔ §A )

Ø ³‾Ø ÑA oµBx§A° />°oí« , ²±d‾° K®í§A « :n±m~íA


;>°oíǪ§A oªÇX§A : n±Ç¢‾A Joí« (1)

/ÓApB\« ±§° ¹¼wnBm§A »@


ã j±%®í§A »¦î ³PÀI¿á
[ ì20 ] ( ¤B¼Ò íß §A )
oí{ »@
ã éP° BªA qªµ ÀM ¤B½ ¤B%½° ,¸qª´§BM ¤B½A Joí«
(3)
Ø , ©´M ¥mñTU «Ò :ovñ§BM
(2)

/¥%X§A W¼e « tom§A q®î >oíM ³L{ , (ê)tom§A


k¼íL§A ª@ Amµ »¦î° /k¼íM »Moí§A ¤B¼î oØmh« tom§A nBí{ÑA »@
ã <¤B½> ¬±A ¤BªTeA°
/éª] éª] <¥ÄB¼î> ¬±A° <¥¼î>
Ø éª] ¤B¼î ¬±A
/K½oíT§A k½Æ½ ã ÓB¼ÄB½° ÓB½°A° ÓB6½ÑA ³Ã¼\«°
Ø kP o½nB~T§A »@

/(@¼í§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 31ì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(@¼í§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 22.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/ Svµ ©µ ¤B¼î° k‾po8 »®í« ³M :¤B (¤B½ ) 2ê20.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/(¤B½ ) 2ê20.ê é?B ¬BµoM y«Bµ (ê
¼&§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«° ¹ª\íª§A

[ ì21 ] ( KÒLÖ Ò §A )
/ (1)KL5 Joí«
Ø ,Ï®d§A SdU ©d¦§A :omí\A
nBíÇ{ÑA »Ç@
ã ²j±Ç]±§ ;k¼íÇM ±Çµ° /KULU§BÇA »Moî
ã KLŠ ¬ÑA (2)t±«B%§A « oµBx§A°
/ÓBmmh« ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½° , (3)©\í§A
[ ì22 ] ( ¤BÒMoÖ Òß §A )
±Çµ° , »ª\Çí§A
ã >Bñ§BM (ë)¤BMo£ Joí«
Ø ,¥h®ª§A :ovñ§BM ³‾ÑA t±«B%§A »@°
(ê)
ã ,cTm§BM
/³M bo~«
Ø
[ ì23 ] ( ÏÒM¦Ö Ò §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ÏÒTÖ¦5Ò Joí«
(ì)
Ø ,J±G§A ¥X« SdU oÄAk§A

, k®½±Ç£ An g‾p o½p S{±£ :JjA ¬p° oM , »‾BY ° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (KL„ ) 1ê00.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/k®‾A±i q¼‾ < K;L„ > An ¬C°
/(@¼;§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A JBM ) 109.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(K;L„ ) Akhµj ³«B‾ S;§ (3
/(@¼;§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 2ê.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
, k‾q¼M Bµq¼a ¬AkM° SwA ¤BMo„ »®í« ° ¬p° oM , ¤°A ovH ³M :¤B (¤BMo£ ) 178ê.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/(¤BMo£ ) 1118.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 :oF‾A° /SwA < ¤BMo£ > Joí« Ø ¤BMo„ k®½±£ »qíM °
»M±Ça ¬C° :SwA ða¦Ç„ »®;Ç« ° ¬p° oM , S{o ºBU BM :¤B (ðT¦„) 1ê17.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
An ¬Bªv½n° k‾k®M ²Ba º¿BM oM An ¬C ða±H° , k®®H ³MAnAØ —½BQ An ¬C ònqM fAn±w ¬B¼«° jo£ k{BM
/ SwA ¬C Joí«
Ø ða¦„° , k®zH ²Ba pA ¬BwC An JC ¬C ºnB½ ³M ° k‾pAk‾A ¬C º¿BM oM
238 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ¹\Ò ªÖ ÔÒ §A )

[ ì2ê ] ( ¹\Ò ªÖ ÔÒ §A )


,¾Bª§A « ²Æ¦ª½ B« nAk%« ³M jAoª§B@ ,h±{Bh§A »®íªM ³`ª( Joí«
Ø , ¹îo\§A :©6½°
(1)

/¾BL§BM ¹\L5 ¤B%½ kP° /©µk®î é½B{ ¤BªíTwA Amµ°


[ ì2ë ] ( BLÒ ®UBÒU±Ô§A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,[‾o@Ñ¿A RBU§ « BL®( BU±( Joí«
Ø ,¾Aomæ ¸nB~î :BL®PBU±P ¤B%½°
[ ì2ì ] ( ¹Ò^±Ô§A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ³U±5 Joí« ã tÑAo§A »ã ØGUU :©6§BM
Ø ,¾Bª§A »@
(2)

/(@¼;§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 201.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


°o8 JC ³M ow ³H SwA ³?±„ »®í« ° ¬p° oM , S{o ºBU BM :¤B (³U±„ ) 1ê2ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/SwA ¬C Joí«Ø < ³?±„ > ° , k{BM JC nj @T8n °o8 ° ¬joM
¾B'§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ì27 ] ( n±ÔYB!Ò §A )
³ÇM ¥vUǽ ºm§A Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° /¬A±hTvG§A °ÑA SvG§A :n±{B
ã ºÑã A n±{BÇQ Joí« Ô íA
Ò
(2) (1)

/¥]Ö o§A
ß
[ ì28 ] Ö !Ò §A )
( tnB
Ȃ@
ã BÇ« »¦Çî W@Bǽ M n±«Bî M tnBQ »§Aá ¹M±v®« tnBQ Joí«
(3)
Ø ,tom§A ¹ñ¦ª«
/ (ê)[®µo@
[ ì29 ] Ö Ò )
( JB½Ò nB
/ (ë)ÎoT§A jÀM « k¦M :JAnB@ ¤B%¼@ omh½°
o¼‾B~ÇT§A KeBæ ,n±´zª§A »«Àw¿á A ©¼ñd§A »AoT§A ¬BioI M kªd«
Ø o~‾ ±MÑA ³®«
Ø ã ±µ° ¹§°k§A o¼w »¦î ¥ij ÓB¼AoU À
³§BP B« »¦î ÓBªÄAj ³½p ϧl ¬BA° ÎAoUÑ¿A ºqM Ó ]n ¬BA°

@Ç« ¬A±Çh§A°E ¬BhTza§A °ÑA Sva§A :n±YB)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 107.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/Kµl °ÑA ¹q8 °ÑA ¨Bin
¹qÇ8° Kµl @« c)æÔ B« ¥H ±µ° < oTÒ QÒ > K½oíU ³‾Aá :117. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã ¾B] @ñ§° (2
/tBd‾°
/(tnBQ ) 3ê9.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /22ì.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
@ÇM ©Ò¦ÇîÒ @MA tnB)M S¼ªw
Ø :(tnB8 ) 13ì. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ú ©\í« »8° ã , ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (ê
/< tnBQ > B´=a‾ ¥æE , ϧl o¼„ ¥¼° /b±‾ @M ¨Bw
/(JB½nB8 ) 1ê3ê ° (JAnB8 ) 1ê33.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
2ê0 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( pBÒ )

ã ¬Bñئi MA
/ (1)³h½nBU »@
; »@Ao¼v§A°
ã »wnBm§A
ã m¼ª¦U (2)¹U¦§A bBdæ KeBæ ,jBªe M ¥¼íªwAá ºoµ±\§A
ã ³®«°

Ø ,¬Bñئi MA ³M boæ


/ JB½nBQ Joí« Ø B« »¦î
[ ì30 ] ( pBÒ )
/bnA±\§A « o¼G§A Amµ « l±iÑB« , (3)pBM Joí«
Ø ,t±I ºoP «° °o« ºoP «
[ ì31 ] Ò !Ò §A )
( ¾Ao{B
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , »‾B½ov§A
(ë)
ã nB{BJ Joí« ,¨A±´§A° »îB@Ñ¿A y´®§ ém®½ (ê)¾A°j
Ø
[ ì32 ] ( l±Ô§B!Ò §A )
/ (7)j¿±Q Joí«
Ø
(ì) k½kd§A ¸oAl :l¿±Ôm§A°

[ ì33 ] Ò Ô§B!Ò §A )
( Zl±
ºÑã A »mæ°
ã »®í« ±µ° / (9)²j±§BQ Joí«
Ø ,²o¼Š° [TwBz®§A « ¥ªí½ ¾A±¦e : hl±§Bm§A°
(8)

/ÓAnBUæ ÓBíGP t±G%ª§A


[ ì3ê ] ( m¼‾ß B!Ò §A )
,¹¦ª´ª§BÇM k¼‾BQ Joí«
Ø ,RBL®§A ³‾Aá :¥¼P Am§° ;oÚñv§A
Ô ³Lz½ ¾A±¦e :¹ª\íª§A ¤Am§BM
(10)

/1ë7.ë ¬B«q§A ¾B®MÑA ¾BL‾ÑA° ¬B¼îÑ¿A RB¼8° (1


/JBTñ§A ¹«k=« , 21.1 bBd~§A :oF‾A (2
/229.ê , 321.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (3
/(Ao{B8 ) 1ê3ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /ê07.1 ¬±‾B (ê
/ ¹¼wnB8 Sv¼§° ¥æÑ¿A ¹¼‾B½ow ¹ª¦ñ§A :( ºo{B8
ã ) ¥ik« ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¤B (ë
/ JBTñ§A ¹«k=« 20.1 bBd~§A :oF‾A° /(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A ¤BM ) 3ë7.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/(j¿±Q ) ê29.1 , (j¿±8 ) 1ë07.3 é?B ¬BµoM (7
¥=ÇU ¿° : J±=íǽ ¤BÇ / ¬BMoíÇ« , !l±§B)§A° l±§B)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) ëì8.2 bBd~§A (8
/(²j±§BQ ) 3ë8.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° / Zl±§B)§A
/121. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (9
/Joí«
Ø »wnB8°
ã , ¾A±¦d§A @« Jok :m¼‾B)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) ë03.3 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (10
( ¹Ò¦¼Tâ BÒ §A ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ê1

/ (2)²o¼Š° (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ°
[ ì3ë ] ( ¹¦Ò ¼Tâ !Ò §A )
/ (3)³T¼¦Q J±¦%« , ³¦¼TQ Joí«
Ø ,²±d‾° ¤±Tmª§A ¤qU§A :¹¦¼L%A
/Amµ î 鮪½ K½oíT§A n±´p :¤±%‾ B‾Ñ¿ ;¹¦¼í@ ¬p° »¦î B´‾Aá ° ¹¼Moî B´Ø‾Aá :¤B%½ ¿
[ ì3ì ] ( [Ø !Ò §A )
/o¼mhT§BM [Ö JÒ Joí«
Ø , ¼¦L\§A ¼M éwA±§Aq½oG§A :©6§BM ZB\Ôm§A° ,k½kzT§A° cTm§BM
(ê)

[ ì37 ] ( Øg!Ò §A )
/ gQ B´¦æÑA ¥í§° /o¼mhT§BM (ì) ÖgÒJ Joí«
Ø , ¸k¼~ª§A :¹ª\íª§A ¾Bh§A k½kzU° cTm§BM
(ë)

[ ì38 ] ( [Ò‾°kÔ !Ô §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , ³‾°kQ Joí«
Ø ,¹d½Ao§A jØ Be SL‾ :©6§BM
[ ì39 ] ( 1‾ß Ao!Ô §A )
JoíÇ«
Ø ,³vm‾ umd½ »Te kwÑ¿A ¾»\ªM
ã ²o¼Š ©¦í¼§ kwÑ¿A ¨AkP
Ø nm®½ ¬A±¼e :…MÀ
ß íA
Ô
»¦Çî k½oÇL§A KeBÇæ ¤kǽ ºm§A
ã AmÇA° ;q‾Ao@ »ã ªv@
Ø oñví§A ¨k%«
Ø ³L{ ³M° / (7)Ï‾A°oQ
/q½oG§A
[ ìê0 ] ( nB]Ò oÖ !Ò §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , nB£oQ Joí«
(8)
Ø ,>°oí«

/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) 3ë7.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/121. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
, k®½±£ An ²jAj JBU —T§° :³a½oi ¬p° oM , »‾B±8 ° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B ( ³T¼¦Q ) ê17.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/SwA ³¦¼T8 ¬C Joí«
Ø °
/([8 ) 1êê0.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /(¾B)§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 202.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(g8 ) 1êê1.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Bh§A JBM ) 2ìì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/117. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (ì
/ (ð‾A°oQ ) 392.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /êì.ë »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (7
@Ç« »µ°
ã < nBHoM > ¹¼wnB)§BM ±µ° , nB]o)§A :Ç ¹‾BL\H Ç , ¸nA°k§A :¤B (n°j ) ê20.ì t°oí§A ZBU (8
2ê2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬ApoÒÖ  )

[ ìê1 ] ( ¬ApoÖ Ò )
/ pE Ø ,³ÄAq]ÑA « :Ç ovñ§BM Ç [‾Ö oÒ ÖGz§A
Ø B« »¦î ½poJ Joí« ß
(2) (1)

[ ìê2 ] ( P ÒjÖpoÒ !Ò §A )
/³¼¦î ³@AoIÑA èíM éP° ºm§A
ã ºÑã A ²jpAoJ Joí«
(3)
Ø ,n±Ø®T§A »@
ã …%v½ o¼Šo§A :¥]Ò oÒÖ mvA
Ò
Ç« èíÇM »¦î ³´]° ¾Aq]ÑA èíM t±P±§ ;K§BŠ M ¨Bªµ oîBz§A hjpom§A »ã ªw
Ø ³M°
/oiÐA KLvM °ÑA ºnk\§A
ã
³Ç‾ÑA ¿Aá , ³]±M
à ³Tdæ ¨kí§ ;…¦U@ q¼Pk§A « Rpo@ÑA ¼\í§A « ¹íG%§A ³‾ÑBM ¤±%§A B«ÑA°
/ º°oU
ã ¬°j « ¬Bv¦§A »¦î Zoi
[ ìê3 ] ( gwÒ oÖ !Ò §A )
»¦î n°kU B« nAk%« ºÑã A ¡®wAo@ omh« , ¡®woJ (ê)Joí«
Ø ,¹@Bvª§A « nAk%« :cTm§BM
/B´ÄAn° »§Aá o¼~T@ ¸ohæ
[ ìêê ] ( gÒ oÖ !Ò §A )
/ (ë)³M A±eoæ
Ø B« »¦î ; ´Ò QÒ oÖ QÒ Joí«
Ø ,¾B%ªd§A ¹¦%M :omí\A

/ (nB£oQ ) 38ì.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /nB\®§A° xB=®§A RA°jÑA


/[‾oaz§A @« »ª\îÑ
ã A ©wAá : ¬Apo8 :¤B (Bª´í« ¾B)§A° ¾Ao§A° ºA
ã q§A JBM ) 3ì2.7 @¼í§A JBTH (1
Ç , @½po8 Joí«
Ø , Ç ovñ§BM Ç [‾oaz§A ¬Apo8 :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A JBM ) 18ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/Ç cT)§BM
Ȃ8
ã Y=Çv½ G¼Ç„o§A : ¥Ç]o)vH , !jpo)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 27ê.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
»8ã ¾B]° /²jpAoM : ³T¼wnB8 @¼\í§A @« ¹ía=§A :¹jpo)§A °ÑA /¹í~íæ @M K§B„ @M ¨Bªµ K=§° , n±Ø®T§A
K½oíÇU ³Ç‾E cÇæÑ¿A° / < !Ú jÒ > ° < pÒ oÇÒ
Ò 8 > @« R±d®« »Moî
ã :¥¼ :118. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A
/< ²jÒ pÒ AoM >
»Ç8ã boæ°
Ø /Joí« Ø »wnB8
ã , gwAo)§A keA° :gwo)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Bh§A JBM ) ê28.1 bBd~§A (ê
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA 118. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A
/< ¡®wo8 > Joí«
/(¾Ao§A° ¾BÇh§A JBM ) 337.ê @¼í§A JBTH oF‾A° /(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Bh§A JBM ) 2ìì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/ < ¹8oÖ iÒ > Joí«
Ø (g8o8 ) :138. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8 ã ¤B @ñ§°
( ¬±Ô¼ß oÒÖ B§A ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ê3

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@°


/ ³JoJ Joí« ã
(1)

Ø ¬ÑA ÓB6½ÑA ³®« o´x½°


/ (2)³®Ò ¼@â oÒÖ @° ¼ÒÖ @oÒÖ @° ´Ò Ò@oÒÖ @ :´Ò QÒ oÖ QÒ Joí«
/³M tBM ¿°
[ ìêë ] ( ¬±¼Ô ß oÖ !Ò §A )
oµBÇp ±Çµ° , ¬±¼QoQ Joí«
Ø ,é@B®ª§A o¼XA ¾A°j : ¬±¼Mo@ ¤B%½° ,W§BX§A ovA° cTm§BM
(3)

/³M bo~«
Ø
[ ìêì ] Ö ªÔ \Ö
( Ïz Ö ‾oÒ !Ò §A )
¤B%½ kP° / Ï ÖzªÖß ¢®Ö Ò¦QÒ Joí«
Ø ,J±Ld§A ©vP « >°oí« ¾A°j :©¼ª§A ©i° ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
(ê)

Ö ÏzÖ ªß \Ö Ö‾oÖÒ @A° ÏzÖ ªß \Ö Ö®Ò¦Ò@ ³L½oíU »@


/ÏzÖ ªß \Ö Ö‾oÒ MA° ã
oªT§A ¬±¦A ²jn° ¬±¦@ ,³Td½An° ³‾±§ ¥]Ñ¿ ϧmM »ã ªw
Ø ³‾Aá : éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
(ë)
ã ¤BP
/Ïvª§A ¹d½AoA ³Td½An°
[ ìê7 ] ( kÖ‾oß !§A
ß )
/ (7)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA /k‾o@¿á BA [ ³¼Ô {Ö °°
(ì)
Ò ] ²oµ±]° o¼v§A :¼§°Ñ¿A ovñM
¾Ao§A ovA° ¹e±Tmª§A ¾Bm§BM ¹¼wnBm§BM ³GLi° /éIB%§A »®íªM o¼v§A oæ° ³‾ÑA oµBx§A°
/Bª´dT@ °ÑA

SwA »ªhÇU ¬C° k{BÇM ³8oÇi »®íÇ« ³M , W§BY ° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (³8o8 ) 1êì7.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
377.1 é?BÇ=§A ¬BµoÇL§A :oFÇ‾A° / SwA ¬C Joí«
Ø g8o8 ° , k®½±£ ¾B=ªd§A ¹¦=M »Moî ³M ³H b°oí«
/(@´QoQ )
/(³®¼8oÒ8 )° (@¼ÒÖ 8oÒÖ 8 )° ( @Ö ´ÒÒ 8oÒÖ 8 ) 1êì7.3 é?B ¬BµoM (2
k{BM »½°nAj ¬C° , SwA ¬±¼8o8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM k\MA ºBM BM :¤B (¬±¼Mo8) 1êë0.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/¬±¼8o8 :³T¼wnB8 :¤B 117. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A° /»½A°j
/(éLæ) 2ì3.11 t°oí§A ZBU :oF‾A (ê
/(ðzª\‾o8A) 1ê7.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /(ðzª¢®¦Q ) ê1ì.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/nk~ª§A @« ¸jB½q§A (ì
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 323.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
2êê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¸AkÒ Ö‾oß Bß §A )

/oµBp ±µ° , (2)²k‾oM Joí«


Ø ±µ ¥M ,±´w o¼v§A oµ±\M ²o¼vmU°
(1)

Ø ,>°oí« J±Y ÓB6½ÑA k‾om§A°


/µoQ ¤B%½° /µAo¼Q omh« , ¬oQ Joí«
[ ìê8 ] ( ¸AkÖÒ ‾oß !§A
ß )
/³‾Ao¼I ¸oXñ§ ³M S¼ªØ wÔ /oÄBG§A ºÑã A ²k‾oQ Joí«
Ø ³Ø®pÑA / ¸BG%§A
(3)

[ ìê9 ] ( ¬B]jnÖ °Ò oÖ !Ò §A )
/¬B½jn°o@ ¤B%½ kP° / (ê)¬B£jn°o
Ò QÒ Joí«
Ø ,¹PoTvª§A ¹vªh§A ¨B½Ñ¿ ©wAá :cTm§BM
hBM
à ±µ ¥M ½jn°oQ JoíªM u¼§ ³‾ÑA cæÑ¿B@ ¹®v§A « tom§A n±´{ ¤°ÑA ½jn°o@ B«ÑA°
»®íªÇM k¼mw »@
ã k¼Pw ©´§±%A ©´TU§ »@
ã ¾B@
Ó »wnBm§A
ã ¾BL§A K¦%U B« ÓAo¼Xñ@ ,¹¼wnBm§A »¦î
/>°oíª§A oµ±\§A :²p°o¼Q »@
ã ²p°o¼@° ,è¼MÑ¿A
BµmiÑA kíM Bµ±Moî
Ø »wnBm§A
ã ¾BP§BM ¸nk~ª§A RBMoíª§A
Ø é¼ª]¬Aá :¤B%½ ¬ÑA ñª½ B®µ «°
»¦Çî pBÇ] ¬Aá ° ϧmM ©´ª¦ñU ¨kí§ ;RB«B%ª§A èíM »@
ã k¼íM ϧl ¬ÑA ¿Ø Aá ,¾Bm§BM ©\í§A «
/¸kîB%§A
[ ìë0 ] ( jBÒµoß )
/²k¦ÇM °ÑA ³¦ªî ³‾ÑA ²B®í«° , (ë)°oªM ¹½oP ©wA :jo]jBµo@ ³®«° , »ª\îÑ
Øã A ©wA :ovñ§BM
/²o¼x‾ ¨k%U
Ú kP°
/cTm§BM jBµoÒJ Joí«
Ø ,²k¦M »®íªM ³‾ÑA q¼%dT§A ¬Ø Aá °

/(k‾o8 ) 1ê72.3 é?B ¬BµoM »8


ã BªH (1
G¼Çv§A° o½oÇd§A : ³¼‾Bí« @«° , ¹¼wnB)§A ¾BL§BM < k‾oM > ¹¼wnB)§BM ³¦æE :¤B ê7ë Ç ê7ê. Joíª§A
Ø (2
/< k‾oQ > Joí«
Ø :¤B (k‾o8 ) 2ë28.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A° , ²oµ±]°
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 323.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/ (¬B½jn°o8) 1ê7ì.3° /SwA ¬B]jn°o8 ¬C Joí« Ø :¤B (¬B£jn°o8) 1ê7ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 323.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
( BvÒÒ  ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2êë

[ ìë1 ] ( BvÒ Ò )
/ (2)ÓB6½ÑA »wnBm§A
ã ¾BL§BM ¤B%½° / (1)BvMÒ Joí«
Ø ,tnB@ jÀM «
[ ìë2 ] ( 1TÔÒ vÖ !Ô §A )
/ciA° ±µ° ,ovñ§BM (3)³Tß vÖ Qß Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« o\{ oªY :Jk®]° mm®%A
[ ìë3 ] ( cBÒMvÖ !Ô §A )
hjAov§A° |Bí§A M °oªî BµB®M »T§A
ã ¹%¼Tí§A o~« ©¦î° , ¸n±ñ§A ¥µÑA éªT\« :©6§BM
(ê)

/ (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã B« B®µ »§Aá ;¬ovñ½° RBTvm§A° sBvm§A
Ø ¤B%½° /¹¼®MÑ¿A «
/ovñ§A° ©6§A »@
ã K½oíT§A ñª¼@ Amµ »¦î° , »zLe
(ì)
ã °ÑA »«°n
ã cTm§BM ³‾Aá :¥¼P°
[ ìëê ] ( ¹~Ò !ß ~Ö !§A
ß )
/ (7)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã AmA ;Ç ¹w±Ò wÖ ±A
Ò Ç ³vÒZvÒJ Joí«
Ø ,¸o6h§A k½k{ RBL‾ :ovñ§BM
/ (8)SvPwA ³§ ¤B%½°
[ ìëë ] ( ÏØ !Ò §A )
/²B®íªw kP° , ÏQ Joí«
Ø ,¼ñ®d§A « keA° Ø¥A

BÇv8 »Ç8
ã RoÇH l tnB)ÇM ¹®½kÇ« : Bv8 ¬±§±=¼8 B´‾±Moí½° , cT)§BM :BvM :¤B ê12.1 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1
/2ì0.ê
/(BvM ) 27ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
³Ç‾A 119. ¹MoíǪ§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã boæ°
Ø /(¾B)§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 27ì.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/< è¼qdT§A ¾Bµ @«° , x½±v§A ºEã < SvÖ Qß > @« KHo«
/(¾B)§A° ¾Ba§A° @¼v§A JBM ) 217.7 @¼í§A JBTH (ê
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Ba§A JBM ) 378.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(˜Bav8 ) 1ê89.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(³v)v8 ) 1ê89.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
¹LÇ?o§A »Çµ°
ã ¹~)~Ç)§A »Ç8
ã S;§ :¹v)Çv)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 @¼v§A boe) 1ìê.ì Joí§A ¬Bv§ (8
/SvLwA Bª´¼8 ¥æÑ¿A° , ¬BMoí« ±µ° JoîÑA jB~§A°
2êì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¸ nÒ °Ò ÀÒ× B§A )

[ ìëì ] ( ¸nÒ °Ò À× !Ò §A )
/Joí@
Ø , n°³¦¼Q Bµjom«° , Joí«
(2) (1)
Ø ,¹§jB¼~§A
³íª] pA±] ¨kî° , ¿Ó °ÑA ²nB´T{A ¨kí§ ;¹¼wnBm§A »@
ã éP° Bª‾Aá K¦X§A :¤B%½ ¬ÑA ñª½ ¿°
/ÓB¼‾BY K½oíT§A kíM ¿Aá
[ ìë7 ] ( ¥!Ô ß ¦Ö !§A
Ôß )
(ë) ¥m¦@nAk§A ³®«° /³M bo~« oµBp ±µ° , (ê) ¥PÖ¦Q Joí« , (3) ºk®µ Ke :ZoMp° kµk´A
Ø Ô Ô Ø ã Ø ßÖß Ô ÖÔ
/ (ì)©\í§A ¹U§ »@ã o\z§A :<nAj> ,²o\{ ±µ°
[ ìë8 ] ( ³¦Ò Ò )
/ (7)³¦Q Joí«
Ø ,¾BL¦§A :ϽodT§BM
Bª« ÓB6½ÑA ³T¼ÄB®Y° ,K½oíT¦§ K¦%§A ¬ÑA »¦î ¥¼§k§A ¨kí§ ;¹¼ª\í§A »¦î hBM
à ³‾ÑA o´pÑ¿A°
/K½oíT§A SLY Ç ¨À§A k½kzTM Ç <³Ø¦@> SLY ±§ ,©í‾ /ϧl k½Æ½
[ ìë9 ] ( ¬B\Ö®!§A
ß )
¥¼¦P ¬B«p »@
ã »¦Tª½
ã W¼dM ¾Bª§A »¦î éi±½ ¹%¼i ¹L%XM …w±§A K%X« SvI :ovñ§BM

t±«B=§A :oF‾A° / Joí«


Ø »wnB8
ã ¹§jB¼~§A :¸n°À)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A boe) ìë.ë Joí§A ¬Bv§ (1
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 111.2 Y¼dª§A
(n°³¦¼Q ) 9ì2.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 »8 ã boæ°
Ø /©¼eo§AkLî @î K½oíT§A ¥=‾ , (¸n°À8 ) ê81. Joíª§A Ø (2
/< ¬An° ³¦¼Q > Joí«
Ø ¸n°À8 ¬E
/k®´§A @« ¥ªd½ b°oí« :¥)¦)§A :¤B (¾B)§A° ¨À§A JBM ) 31ì.8 @¼í§A JBTH (3
k{BÇM ¨oÇ£ —ǽ°jA ³H SwA ¥)¦8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM »wnB8
ã ºBM BM :¤B (¥P¦Q ) ê1ë.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/SwA ¬C Joí«Ø ¥)¦8 °
/(¥)¦8 nAj ) 812.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/(nAj ) 809.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
±‾ ¬A±¼eo¼{ ³H SwA ³¦8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM , G)h« »‾BY ° ¤°A cT)M :¤B (³¦Q ) ê17.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A(7
/k{BM ²k¼½Ap
( x±\Ô Ö®BÒ §A ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ê7

¥æÑ¿A »@
ã ±´@ ,¬B\®m§A ¥æÑA ¬BñÖ®Qß ³®«° ,oLÖ eß ¬Ap° »¦î »wnBm§A
(2)
ã ¾BL§BM (1)¡Ö®Qß »ªv½
/¼¼íT§A ¹§ÐA ³‾±ñ§ ³M »ã ªw
Ø <¡®Q> éª]
èíM ³M boæ°
Ø ;²B®íªw B« »¦î ±Lw° SzU ³§ ¤B%½ kP° /ÓB6½ÑA ¸ke±ª§A¾BL§BM ¤B%½ kP°
/ (3)¹U¦§A ¥µÑA
ã ¿A »®íª§BM ÓB´¼LzU ¹@°oí« ¸o¼Uæ ¹¼‾ÐA »@
/ »¦æÑ ã ¥ªíTv½ ¬B\®m§B@ Amµ B®‾B«p »@
ã B«ÑA°
[ ìì0 ] Ô ®!Ò §A )
( x±\Ö
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , x±Ô®\Ö Ö®ÒQ Joí«
(ê)
Ø ,K¦%¦§ ±%«
Ý ¾Aq]ÑA ¹vªi « KAo« ¬±\í«
[ ìì1 ] ( PkÖÔ ®!Ô §A )
¾»Çz§A
㠱ǵ° : Îk®ÇQ (ì)JoíÇ« Ô ÓB6½ÑA ³§ ¤B%½° ,¸o\{ ¥ªe :mÔmÖ®Ô%A
Ø ³‾ÑBÇA° , hkÔ Ö®L§A
(ë)

/¤qU¦§ ÓAjAkîAá ;>k®§A kíM G%§A « n°kª§A ³¦æÑA° /n°kª§A


[ ìì2 ] ( ZÒq®Ö !Ò §A )
³‾ÑA ϧl° ,éMBæÑ¿A »®íªM (8)³`®Q Joí«
Ø , ©\í¦§ }Pn :ÓB6½ÑA q\®@ ¤B%½ kP° ,cTm§BM
(7)

/(¬B¢®Q )° (¡®Q ) ê23.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1


/121. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8ã BªH »wnB)§A
ã bBñ§BM < ¬B¢®Q > :oµBF§A° , AmH (2
/(¬B¢®Q ) ê23.1 é?B ¬BµoM (3
¾B=vTÇw¿á A° ¤BdÇa§A ¨n° @Ç« &A ¬lBá ÇM é)®½ ¥¼=w¿A ¾A°j :¤B , êìê :Ka§A »8 ã ¹ªñd§A t°jo8 (ê
»±k®Çi
ã nqÇM ° u8oÇH nqM ° ¥L®w ³?ÀiA , ¨A±´§A ﱧ° x¼Tí§A ¤Bív§A° ¸kíª§A é]°° !B½oT§A°
©\Çí§A ³¼ªÇv½° &A ¹¼aÇî »ªÇv½ ¾A°j :¤BÇ ¬ÑA »§Aá /¾qÇ] kÇeA° ¥ÇH @Ç« ¬Bv¦M j±î° Bv½nA°
ê21.1 é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã ³L½oíTM boæ°
Ø /¨±ªv§A @« é8B‾ , ᦪ§A @ÄAqi »8 ã ϧl k]° < x±®\®)§A>
/ (x±‾ [®Q )
(!k®8 ) 1ë03.3 ° /SwA ¬C Joí« Ø k®½±£ »qíM° , !k®8 »®íªM :¤B (!k®M ) 307.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/k®½±£ q¼‾ < ³k®8 > An ¬C° , SwA < !k®M > ¬C Joí«°
Ø :¤B
/ ³½±L¼w ²Bñe »wnB8
ã ¬Bh§A : !k®)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 bB=§A boe) 313.10 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (ì
©Çµ BÇM ³T8oÇ£ An o¢½kÇñ½ Swj »íª] ³H k®½±£ q¼‾ An }n :¤B (³\®Q ) ê21.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
/SwA < Zq®8 > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k®®H }n
/©¼\§BM < ³\®Q > :¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A »8°
ã , ¹?±ahª§A »8 ã AmH (8
2ê8 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( [Ö®ÒU ±ÔB§A )

/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,èíM k¼M ©´6íM miÑB½
[ ìì3 ] ( [Ö®ÒU±!Ô §A )
³Ç‾ÑA °ÑA , ³‾±Q,[‾±m§A ±µ° ,oiÐA SL‾ ³‾ÑA °ÑA ,[‾j±m§A ±µ° (1)Ï®U±Q Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ¾A°j
/²B®íªw B« »¦î ©\í§A ¹U§ »@
ã ³‾°kQ »@
(2)
ã ³‾±Q nB´T{¿á ;[‾°km§A
[ ììê ] ( n±Ö Ô )
/k§±§A »®íªM (3)n±Q Joí«
Ø ,k®´§A ¼IÀw keÑA :©6§BM
[ ììë ] Ò Ô )
( ¬An±
/ (ê)¬An±Q Joí«
Ø ,k®´§A jÀM « k¦M :©6§BM
/oµBp ±µ°
[ ììì ] Ò ±Ö !Ô §A )
( ¬B]jn
/ (ì)¬B£jn°oQ »@
ã ¹U§ , ¬B£jn±Q Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,¹PoTvª§A ¹vªh§A ¨B½Ñ¿ ©wA :©6§BM
[ ìì7 ] Ò !Ô §A )
( Zl±
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ²j±Q Joí«
Ø ,RBi±ªd§A «

/< ð®U±M> Joí« Ø , b°oí« ¾A°j :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 202.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
³ÇM ° , SwA ‚B®í‾ pA »î±‾ ³H SwA < ³‾j±Q > Joí«Ø ([®U±8 ) :¤B 1ë0ë.3 é?B ¬BµoM »8° ã
/k®‾A±i < xLe> »Moî
/ < ³Hjn±Q > Joí«
Ø :¤B ([®U±8 ) 1ê0. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8° ã
1ë03.3 é?BÇ ¬BµoÇM »Ç8 ã BªÇH < ³‾j±Q > ¹F)¦§A ¬E oµBF§A° , ¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A° ¹?±ahª§A »8
ã AmH (2
oXí‾ ©§° /(³‾j±Q )827.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 ° ë9. @«Æ« ©¼ñe¹)dUoF‾A° , ³‾j±Q Joí« Ø :¤B ([®U±8 )
/©]Bíª§A »8 ã < ³‾°kQ > »¦î
¬C JoíÇ«
Ø ° , ²j±ÇM ¬BTw°k®Çµ ¬B½B]An ° ¬BµB{jBQ pA »ñ½ °A :¤B (n±Q ) ê2ë.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/ SwA < n±8 >
k®µ ºBµo´{ pA »ñ½ ³H SwA < Z±®H > o´{ ¨B‾ ¬An±U ¬p° oM :¤B (¬An±8 ) 1ë0ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(¬An±Q ) ê2ë.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /SwA < Z±®8 > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k{BM
/ SwA < ¬B]jn±8> ¬C Joí« Ø :¤B (¬B£jn±Q ) ê2ì.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/(¬B£jn°oQ ) 7ìê.1 @¼í« ¡®µo8 (ì
( [ Ö®{±Ô
Ò  ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ê9

[ ìì8 ] Ò Ô )
( [Ö®{±
/ (2)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ; ¡®{±Q Joí«
Ø , ¸Aoµ JoP ¹½oP
(1)

[ ìì9 ] ( ¥Ò±Ö !ÔÒ §A )


¥ªdÇU ¥¼]nB®§A ¥h®A ¥h‾ ¥ªe :ÓB6½ÑA »§°Ñ¿A cTmM° ¹¼‾BX§A cT@° »§°Ñ¿A ¾Bm§A ©6M
/ ºk®µ
ã ³‾ÑA oµBx§A° , ¥Q±( ¤B%½° ; (ê)¥Q±Q Joí«
Ø , oªT§A ¤BX«ÑA ¥@±m§A B´¼@ uÄB¼A
(3)

[ ì70 ] ( ZoÒ ´Ö Ò )
Ȃ@
ã ³ÇM boÇæ
Ø , ²o´ÇJ JoíÇ«
Ø ,¸pBmª§A >oI »¦î <ohGæA ¸n±A>ÇM k¦M :omí\A
(ë)

/jq½ JoP ¹@°oí« ¹½oP B®‾B«p »@°


ã / t±«B%§A
(ì)

[ ì71 ] ( toß ´Ö !§A


ß )
/KTñ§A ³¼@ éª\U ºm§A
ã JBTñ§A :ovñ§BM
/>me K½oíU ±´@ , (7)Swoß ´Ö Jß Joí«
Ø ,KTñ§A ½°B®î ³¼@ éª\U :¤B%½ ¬ÑA o´pÑ¿A°
[ ì72 ] ( [¼Ö !Ò §A )
/ (8)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ; Ï¼Ö QÒ Joí«
Ø , »îBv§A
ã :cTm§BM

/ ¸Aoµ @¼M° B´®¼M ¸k¼¦M »µ°


ã :bBñ§BM ð®{±M :¬±§±=½ ©\í§A° :¤B 280.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1
@¼ÇM BÇ« SwA ºA³½o ¨B‾ , ¡®{±µ ¬p° oM ¤±´\« ºBY BM :¤B (¡®{±Q ) ê28.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/j±M < [®{±8 > ¬C Joí«
Ø ° ¬BT§±«° nBµk®
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 32.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
SwA ºq¼Ça ¬C° k{BÇM ¥8±8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM , »wnB8 ºBM BM :¤B (¥Q±Q ) ê2ë.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
1719.3 :oFÇ‾A° /SwA < ¥8±8 > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k‾n±i ¬BQ òoM BM ¬BTw°k®µ nj ° A±Mp±] ³M ³¼L{
/(¥Q±H )
/281.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ë
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 20ê.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
³¼Ç8 éª\ÇU ºm§A
ã JBTñ§A : ovñ§BM to´)§A :¤B (¾B)§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 238.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/< Swo´8 > Joí«
Ø , KTñ§A
/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 20ê.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (8
2ë0 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( I\Ò Ö¼ÒB§A )

[ ì73 ] ( \Ò ¼Ö !Ò §A )
±µ° ,KTñ§A « ¹¦ª] »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,ovñ§BM M¼Q Joí«
(2)
Ø , JAmv§A :nk¼dA
(1)

/oµBp
[ ì7ê ] ( ZÒp°o¼
Ô !§A
ß )
/ (ê)²p°o¼Q Joí«
Ø , >°oí« o\e :ovñ§BM
(3)

[ ì7ë ] ( joÖ ]Öß p°Ö o¼


Ô ß )
±Çµ° , (ë)joÖ £ß p°o¼ÇJß ,¬A°o¼{±‾ÑA k] ±µ° ,p°o¼@ k¦M »®íªM ÎoT§A jÀM « ¥¼MjnÑ¿ ©wA
/³M bo~«
Ø oµBp
[ ì7ì ] ( ¥¼!§A
ß )
/ (ì)¥¼Q Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ¬A±¼e
â ³Ò¦¼@â »¦î ²B½Aá ©´íª\§ ;©´TU§ »@
¿Aá ϧl c~½ ¿° Ç ³Òñ½kAÇ ã K¦%§A° »ª\îÑ
Øã A ³Ø‾Aá :¤B%½ ¿
/K½oíT§A kíM
ã ¾BP§BM ©\í§A qØG®U »mh½ ¿°
ã c~Ç@ÑA° Øm§ÑA ±µ ¥M K½oíT§A n±´p ¥LP ©µnBí{ÑA »@
Ȃ@
/»mh½ ¿ BªA ©´TU§

/(¾B)§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2ëë.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


k®‾BÇ« »½A°j k{BM »µB¼£ ¬C° , k®½±£ An JAkw :@ª´M ¬p° oM :¤B (@;¼Q ) êêê.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/SwA < @\¼8 > ¬C Joí« Ø ° ³‾j±Q
/³M ©ØThT½ b°oí« o\e :Zp°o¼)§A :¤B (po8 ) 381.3 @½odL§A éª\« (3
b°oíÇ« k{BÇM ºoµ±Ç] ¬C° , SwA ²p°o¼8 »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (²p°o¼Q ) ê39.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/ 122. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A :oF‾A° /SwA ¬C Joí« Ø < ²p°o¼8 > ° , SwA oT´M ¬C ºn±MBz¼‾ °
/(jo£p°o¼8 ) 1ë10.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A ³M boæ Ø (ë
, ¥½±Ç? ¨±?oÇi ³§ ¹½oÇL§A RBÇ‾A±¼Çd§A ©hÇkÑA @« ¬A±¼e :¥¼)§A :¤B , 9ì.ë »]±§°°q§A ã ©\íª§A (ì
, ¹¼wnBÇ)§A < ¥¼ÇQ > @« l±iÑB« ¥¼)§A })§ ° /¤B¼8Ø ³LeBæ° , ¹¦¼8 ²BX‾ÑA° , ¹¦¼8° ¤±¼8 ° ¤B¼8ÑA ³íª]°
/¹Moí«
Ø ¹¼wnB8 ¥¼)§B8
( ¹\ÒÒ ¦¼B§A
â ) .¾B"§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ë1

[ ì77 ] ( ¹\Ò ¦Ò ¼!§A


â )
ã BªA ÓB6½ÑA ¦¼J ¤B%½° , ³¦¼Q Joí«
/ (3)KTñ§A èíM »@ Ø , q%§AØ « j°k§A S¼M
(2) (1)

[ ì78 ] ( x±\Ô ¦Ö ¼!§A â )


Ô
/ (ë)³M bo~« Ø , ¥¼m§A ¬ÔlÑA
Ø ±µ° , x±¢¦¼Q Joí«
(ê)

[ ì79 ] ( ZoÖÒ µqÒ ¦Ö ¼!§A


â )
±Çµ° , (ì)²oµp ³¦¼Q ¹Moí«
Ø »´@
ã ,¥¼P AmA ;¸nAoª§A ³Lz½ u¼ñ§A »@
ã éi±U RBL‾ ¸nB~î
/oµBp
/ÓB6½ÑA ¥¼m§A ¸nAo« ³‾Aá :¥¼P°
[ ì80 ] ( [Ò®¼Ö !§A
ß )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ÏÒ®¼Jâ Joí«
(7)
Ø ,odL§A kMp « t±‾

/bBdÇ~§A ©ÇµAnk§A : @¼TªqÇM [Ô¦Ç~§A


Ô :¤BÇ (jBÇ~§A ¥~Ç8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 197.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/q=§A @« ¹\¦¼)§A :¹h§qH°
/(³¦¼Q ) êê8.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A (2
/(x¦¼8 ) 2ë98.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 :oF‾A (3
/(x±£ ¥¼8 ) 1ë12.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A (ê
/(x±\¦¼8 ) 2ë97.2 @¼í« ¡®µo8 :oF‾A (ë
/ < Zoµq¦¼8 > ¸jB« ê08.1 ¬±‾B :oF‾A° (²oµp ¥¼8 ) 1ë11.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A (ì
k®‾BÇ« ¬C° SwA Bǽnj GÇH pA »î±‾ , 𦼣 ¬p° oM ¬±‾ BM :¤B (ð®¼8) 1ë12.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
/ k{BM < [®¼8 > ¬C Joí«
Ø ° , jnAj nB¼vM G½±\U° k¼)w j±M »¢®w
(B§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ ì81 ] ( t±ÔMBDÒ )
/ (1)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA ; t°°B( Joí«
Ø ,©wA
[ ì82 ] ( nB\½ ß KÒ §A )
Ò nB
/oµBp ±µ° , (3)oñ½nB( Joí«
Ø , oGm§A k¼î ¹½A°n »@
(2)
ã jn° kP° ,o¼]Ñ¿A° ¥«Bí§A
[ ì83 ] Ò DÒ )
( ¬BwB
ÎoÇT§A ¾À¼TwBÇM JoÇi , (ê)¬BTvAoÇU jÀM ¨±hU »@
ã ¬±d¼w o´‾ ¾An° ¬BA ©¼xî k¦M
/©¦í§A ¥µÑA « ¹îBª] ³¼§Aá Kv®½ , ¹Ó í@n° À
Ó µÑA B¼‾k§A wBd« « ¬BA° ºk½Ñ
ã ¿A >ÀTiA°
¹®Ç«pÑ¿A ²mǵ »@
ã n±´zª§A° /©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã BªµoAl ,¬B´LæA ¹¼eB®M k¦M B6½ÑA°
/<©P> é« n±Amª§A
,©P é« n±Amª§A ¬BwBP o¼Š ¬B´LæBM ¹¼eB‾° o´®§A ¾An°BªM k¦M ¬BwBP : (ë)t±«B%§A ¤±%@
/ »UL®½
ã B« »¦î u¼§
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ¬B{B( Joí«
(ì)
Ø

/(bB=§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 238.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/¹½A°o§A ²mµ y«Bµ »8
ã ³L½oíTM boæ°
Ø /3 b ³«±½° oa)§A ¹¦¼§ o¼LñT§A JBM , 1ì7.ê »8Bñ§A
ã (2
/< o£nBH > Joí«
Ø nB\½nB=§A :20.78 nA±‾Ñ¿A nBdM »8
ã »v¦\ª§A
ã ¹«Àí§A ¤B (3
/29ë.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
/(bB=§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êê.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(¬B{BH) Joí«
Ø :¤B (¬BwB) ì @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A (ì
( K ߧBÒX§A ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ë3

[ ì8ê ] ( KߧBKÒ §A )
¤B%½° ; (2)K§ß B( Joí«
Ø , t±«B%§A »@
(1)
ã AmA ;oXAÑA ³«ß ¿ cT@° ,oµA±\§A ³¼@ ïom½ ¤BXª§BA
/b°o§A K§BP ³‾±ñ§ ;¬kL§A »@
ã ¥ªíTv½° , kL§BA
(3)

[ ì8ë ] ( lBLÒ DÔ )
ºÑã A ¹½lBLÇP ¹G®Çe ³®«° / (ë)jBL%¼A ¤B%½° ;¹¦ª´ª§BM jBL8 Joí«
Ø , ºovA
(ê)
× ±MÑA :JAoÒ UÔ A
/¹½jBí§A ¹ñv§BA »´@ ¹½jo§A ¹%¼Tí§A
[ ì8ì ] Ø KÒ §A )
(K
/ (ì)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³L½oíTM boæ°
Ø ;²B®íªw kP° ,©6§BM O( Joí«
Ø ,©m§A
[ ì87 ] ( ¹LÚ KÔ §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (7)kL®£ Joí«
Ø ,>°oíª§A ¾B®L§A Amµ :©6§BM
[ ì88 ] ( ¬BLØ KÒ §A )
/¬BLPØ ¹‾B«Ø nÔ ³®«° / ¬BPÒ£ Joí«
Ø , tBGvÖ %ß §A :¬p±§A »¦î ¬BØm%ß §A ¤B%½° ¬BªØ íA
(8)
Ò cTm§BM

/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¾B¼§A JBM ) 119.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


:oFÇ‾A° /k®½±£ q¼‾ kL§BH An ¬C ³H SwA K§B »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (K§BH ) 1ë7ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/(kL§BH ) 1ë7ë.3
/< ¬B{BH> Joí«
Ø :¤B (¬BwB) ì. @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A (3
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) 3ë7.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(jBL;¼H ) 17ëì.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
< ©Ç8 > »Moî ³M ° , k{BM @µj »®í« ³M »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A ©qM :¤B (OH ) 1ë92.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/k{BM < K > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k®½±£
»8
ã ²BLT{A ³‾ÑA oµBF§A° , < ³L®£ > : ¹½o\d§A ¹íLa§A° ¹?±ahª§A »8°
ã , (kL®£ ) 183ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
, ¹«B\d§AtFH ²B®í« ¥æE° , < ³LÔÒ H > Joí«Ø ¹L=§A¬E123. ¹Moíª§A¹¼wnB)§AB)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¾B]°/¹MBTñ§A
/Bµo¼„° ¹L=§BH
Ø ³ÄÀTîA° ¾»{ ã ¥H fB)T‾A »¦î x¦aU°
é?BÇ=§A ¬BµoÇL§A :oF‾A° Joí« Ø , tBav=§A :¬BL=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2179.ì bBd~§A (8
/¬BPÒH Joí«Ø ³‾E 12ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã boæ°
Ø /(¬BPH) 1ë92.3
2ëê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( [ÖLÒX§A )

[ ì89 ] ( [LÖ KÒ §A )
/ (1)ÏL( Joí«
Ø ,¥\d§A :cTm§BM
[ ì90 ] ( BM¼Ö LÒ KÔ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,Ç ¾BL§A cT@° ©6§BM Ç BT¼Ö LÔÒ ( Joí«
(2)
Ø ,>°oí« ¾A±¦e
[ ì91 ] ( ¬BMoÖ KÔ §A )
/ »ª\í§A
Øã >Bñ§A ©6M (3)¬BMoÔ£ Joí«
Ø ,¾Akm§A :©6§BM
[ ì92 ] ( 1ÒMoÖ KÔ §A )
/ (ê)³MÒ oÔÖ ( RBMoí«
Ø ,¤B%L§A ¬BØAj :[MoA° [MoP° ,JkÒ ®Ö \A
Ô
/ (ë)oØ%dª§A S¼L§A :Ç >Bñ§A ©6M Ç ¹LÖ¦ÔA ¹M±¦%« B´¦í§°
K¦%T@ uñí½ kP° ,q¦í§A ±§p »@
ã <°np> ÇA ©\í§A ¬Bv§ »@
ã q½qî o¼Š ¾An
Ó ¨À§A K¦P°
/¤±w :n±w »@
ã ¤B%½ ,ÓB«¿ ¾Ao§A
[ ì93 ] ( t±ÔMoÒ KÒ §A )
/ »wnBm§A
ã ¾BP§A° »‾BX§A
ã ¬±ñvM (ì)t±Qo8 Joí«
Ø ,Bª´¼@ ϽodT§BM R±MoÒÒ %§A°

Joí«
Ø ³®« ‚±‾ °ÑA ¥\d§A ±µ : @¼TdT)M :¥¼° /¬±ñv8 cT)M [L=§A :¤B 112.ë »]±§°°q§A ã ©\íª§A (1
/(ðLH) ¹¼wnB)§A @î
¬BHjoÇ£° ³TÇvQ ° ¨AjBÇM q;Ç« BM ³H k{BM »½A±¦e Ak½±µ ¬p° oM :¤B (BT¼LH ) 1ë91 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/k{BM < Ba¼L > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k‾qQ ¬C ¤BX«A° k\®H °
bBÇ @« ¤kM ¬BMoH ¬BH ¬A J±=í½ ©îp :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A boe) 712.1 Joí§A ¬Bv§ : oF‾A (3
/ < ¬BMo>
:JoíÇ«
Ø , ¤B=ÇM ¬BÇHj :JkÒ Ö®\ÇH Ô xMÒ oÇÔ Ö =§A :¤BÇ (bB=§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 271.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/¬BHj »®íªM ³MoÔÒ H ¬E 1ì13.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A »8° ã / < ³MÒ oÔÖ H >
Ó íÖ Ò«° H‾p° ³LÒ Ö¦ÔñH ³ÒMoÔÖ H ¬E ºk¼{o§A
/ »® ã @î 1ì13.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A y«Bµ »8 ã ¥=‾ (ë
³Ç‾E ºk®Çî°
ã : 12ê. ¹MoíǪ§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¤B° /(t±Mo ) 1ë23.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A (ì
³´Lz½ B« ¥H »¦î x¦a½° , @¼8oa§A oí=ª§A Ø , ¹Ó ª Ø gØ)®Tª§A Ø¥T§A ±µ° , < ³TzQ
Ö oÖ iÒ > »wnB)§A
ã @î l±iF«
/ o´Ö Ò¡ ºE
ã < ³TzQ > @«° , nBªe ºE ã < oiÒ > @« KHo« ±µ° /R±MBT§A° ¨B®v§A° ¹ª¼h§A° oL=§A @«
( oÔØ X§A ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ëë

[ ì9ê ] ( oØ KÔ §A )
/³U±æ « ¸l±iÑB« ¹¼AoU »µ°
ã , ¹5BMo8 Joí«
Ø , tkm6§A :©6§BM
(1)

[ ì9ë ] ( joÖ KÒ §A )
/ (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø ;¬jo£ omh« jo£ Joí«
Ø ,q®í§A
[ ì9ì ] ( coÖ KÒ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° N Ro( Joí«
(3)
Ø ,α{ oªY :cTm§BM
[ ì97 ] ( ¬BLÒ^oÖ KÒ §A )
/ (ë)t±LUÒ oÒP° ³UoÒP° RoÒP ¤B%½° , ¬BLUo8 Joí«
Ø , V±½k§A
(ê)
Û :cTm§BM
/ (ì)¬BLT¦8 BMoí« ¬BLT¦ñ§A° ¬BLG¦%§A ÓB6½ÑA ¤B%½°
/t±LÔ ÒTÖ¦ÒP° ³TÖ¦ÒP° S¦ÒP :¤B%½°
[ ì98 ] ( 1Ò^oÖ KÔ §A )

Ø ,>°oí« uLÔ§ :©6§BM ³ÒUoÔP :¤B%½°


/ (7)³ÒUoÔÖ ( Joí«

/BµoiC »8ã ¾BT§BM (¸o=§A) 1ì1.ë »]±§°°q§A


ã ©\íª§A (1
/Joí«Ø , x®í§A : jo=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 327.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
, Sv½nBÇi ¶±¼Ç« ¨BÇ‾ , »‾B±Ç8° »‾BÇY ¬±ñw° , ¤°A cT)M :¤B (RoH ) 1ì13.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/k{BM < ˜o > ¬C Joí«Ø °
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A JBM ) 11ì.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(³Uo )° (t±LUo ) , (¬BLUo) , (Ro ) 1ë23.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
³¼Ç8° /SwA ¬C¬BL?oÇ° , SwA ²kÇ«C ©Çµ W§BY ¬±ñw ³M :¤B (¬BLT¦) 1ë73.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
¬BLa¦ ¬CJoí«°
Ø , k{BM V±½j° S¼ªe»M Ø ¨jo« ³H SwA ¬BLT¦„ »®í«° ¬p° oM :(¬BLT¦H) 1ì73.3
:¬BL?o=§A: 12ê. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8°
ã /(³T¦ )° (t±TL¦ ) , (S¦ ) oF‾A° / SwA ¬BL?o°
/³¼8 ¹;§ ¬BLa¦=§A° , < ¬BLÒTÖ¦ÒH > K½oíU ³§ ¸o¼„ ¿ ºm§A
ã
:JoíÇ«
Ø , b°oíÇ« uL§ :Jk®\H x?o=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 279.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/³UoH
2ëì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬BªÔloÔÖ X§A )

[ ì99 ] ( ¬BªÔ^oÖ KÔ §A )
ã ¾BG§A ¨kí§ ;kwB@ ±µ° , ³Moí« ³‾Aá :¥¼P / ¬BªÔIoÖ ´Ô §A
/ (3)©\í§A ¹U§ »@ (2) (1)

[ 700 ] ( xoÖ KÒ §A )
/³M bo~« Ø ,¬À¼Š ¨ÑA oªY :uÖ¦ÒmA
Ø ±µ° , Ro( Joí«
(ê)

[ 701 ] ( ¼Ö v¼
ß «ß oÖ Dß )
/ (ë)¬BµBz‾B«oA omh« , ¬B{B«o( Joí«
Ø ,n±®½k§A JoP k¦M :ovñ§BM
[ 702 ] ( ¹Òµ°oÔ KÔ §A )
èíÇM ³ÇM boÇæ
Ø BÇ« »¦Çî ³µÒ °oÇÔ
Ô £ ¹MoíÇ«
Ø ,Bµo¼Š° ¸nB\d§A° ¤qU§A ¥X« « ¸n°kª§A
/ (ì)¤±dm§A
/oµBp ±µ°
[ 703 ] ( qØ KÒ §A )
/ÓB6½ÑA qÒØ i ¤B%½° ; sÒ( (7)Joí«
Ø , ºjo§A
ã ©v½oM¿á A

:¤BÇ /18ê. ¹¼wnBÇ)§A RBMoíǪ§A Ú ©\íÇ« , (bBÇ=§A ¥~Ç8 ©¼Çª§A JBÇM ) 1ìê.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/< ¬B«°jÔ oÇ Ø , ¬BLÛ¦\§A
Ö µÒ > Joí« Ô °E o)~í§A Ô ±µ :¥¼° , ¹a®d§A° o¼íz§A @¼M Yw±T« K Ø eÒ (¬Bª?oµ)
/©\íª§A Amµ »8
ã »UÐ
ã ¿A (¬Bª?oÔ´§A) ¸jB« oF‾A°
/(¬Bª?o) 1ë2ë.3 é?B ¬BµoM , (¬Bª?oµ) ë12ë.ê @¼í« ¡®µo8 é]An (2
JoíÇ«
Ø ±µ° , ¬Bª?o ¤B=½ k° : (¬Bª?o´§A) Ô ©\íª§A Amµ @« ¾B´§A JBM »8 ã ²ow tk G®~ª§A ¤B (3
/¬BªUoH
/(RoH ) 1ì13.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
, ¬±ñv§A ©Y cT)§BM :@¼v¼
ß «ß oÒÖ  :¤B 330.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« »8
ã ¬BµBz‾B«oH @« ³L½oíTM º±ªd§Aã boæØ (ë
K½oíÇU ±Çµ° , ¬±Ç‾° ¹®H Bw ºoiÑA ¾B½° , ¸n±vñ« ¹¦ª´« @¼w° , SdU @« ¸B®X« ¾B½° ©¼ª§A ovH°
/b°oí« k¦M : ¬BµBz‾B«oH
/(³µ°o ) 1ë28.3 :oF‾A° , (³µ°o£ ) 1803.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
JoÇí§A ¬BÇv§ : oFÇ‾A° / JoíªÇ8 ©v½oM¿á A @« q=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A JBM ) 891.3 bBd~§A (7
/(qi) 7êê.2 , (sH ) 1ì37.3 é?B ¬BµoM , (bB=§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A boe) 39ë.ë
( oÔMqÔX§A ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ë7

[ 70ê ] ( oÔMqKÔ §A )
kP° ,³ªxí§ Zom§A qz½ ºÑã A oMÔ uÔ( Joí«
Ø , ¥½±G§A ©h6§A oAm§A :Bª´ª6M ºØ ã oß MqÔ
(1)
Ô %§A°
/ (3)Ç ©6§BMÇ ºØ ã oß MBvÔ
ß %§A° Ç ovñ§BMÇ nBLvÖ %ß §A ¤B%¼@ ³M Kí¦½ kP° , ºØ ã oß LÔ vÔÖ %§A ³L½oíU»@
(2)
ã ¤B%½
[ 70ë ] ( kÖ®LÒ vÖ DÔ )
/²°ovm½ ã ²°oAl , Ø¥Ò¦íÔÖ @ ¤BX« ©6§BM
Ø ©§° ¹¼®MÑ¿A »@
/ (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA /¸Bz¦§ k®Pw±£ °ÑA ,…w±§A »@
ã kz½ Ø ³Ø‾ÑA ºk®î°
Ø Bª§ kÖ®LÒ vÔÖ ( Joí« ã
(ê)

[ 70ì ] ( »®
ã vÖ Kß §A )
¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø ; »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM ¤B%½ kP° , »®vÖ (ß Joí«
Ø ,S¼T¦d§A :ovñ§BM
/ (ì)éIB%§A
[ 707 ] ( u¼vß Kß §A )
/cTm§BM uÒØ %§A ¤B%½° /³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,©´ª§Bî ±µ° , ºnB~®§A
×
(7) y¼z( Joí« ,ovñ§BM
Ø
[ 708 ] Ö Kß §A )
( yªß z
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , yªß Öz(ß Joí«
(9)
Ø , >°oí« ,ovñ§BM
(8)

/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 11ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 117.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/117.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A :}e¿ (3
/²ow
Ø tk G§Æª§A ¿ t±«B=§A KeBæ k®î ºE ã (ê
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 327.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
S¼T¦Çe »MoÇî ³ÇM An ¬C ³H º±M kM SwA »;ªæ ¤°A ovñM :¤B (»®vH ) 1ìêê.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/k{BM »®v ¬C Joí«Ø ° k®½±£
¬Bª§BÇî° ¬AkµAp ° ¬B½Bª‾²An ° ¬B½A±z¼Q , y¼ze ¬p° oM :¤B (y¼zH ) 1ìë7.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
@« ¬Co=§A »8
ã é° Bª¼8 Jm´ª§A »8 ã ¤B° /bB ovH ³M SwA < u¼v > ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k®{BM ºnB~‾
njA±Ç‾ »Ç8
ã ºm«oT§A
ã ©¼ñd§A ¤B° / odL§A »8 ã ¬B¼e±ME ²oH l /JoØ îÔ »ª\îE
ã ±µ :¥¼ :99. Joíª§A
Ú
»®M
ã Joí§A ¹;§ »8°
ã , < u¼v > : ¥¼ÄAo wA »®M
ã ¹;§ »8
ã ¤B=½ , keA° »®íªM x½k~§A° u¼v=§A :¤±æÑ¿A
/< x½kæ> ¥¼îBªwA
/º±®§A @« »§Bh§A
ã K®í§A :yªz :¤B 2ë9.1 JBL§Ñ¿A »§°ÑA ¸oHmU (8
2ë8 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( o¼ªß zÖ ,ß )

[ 709 ] Ö Dß )
( o¼ªß z
/ciA° ±µ° , o¼ªß Öz(ß (10)Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« k¦M :ovñ§BM
[ 710 ] Ö Kß §A )
( ²Òq¼®z
/ (12)²q¼®v£ Joí«
Ø ,¸oMqñ§A ³LzU ¹Lzî
(11)

[ 711 ] ( BMKÒ §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (1ê)±T( Joí«
Ø , ¸nB\d§BM ºmTU½
(13)
ã oÄBI :cTm§BM
[ 712 ] ( ¬AoMß KÒ §A )
>Bñ§BM ¬AoTß £Ò ,K¦ñ§A° o%L§A° ¥M¿á A ³M »¦G½ oîÒ oÖ îÒ ¸o\{ L§ : »‾BX§A
ã ovA° ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
BªA ¾BT§A ovA° »Moí§A
ã >Bñ§A cTmM ¬Ao¼TA Joí«
Ø °ÑA , [®µoJ »@
(1ë)
ã BªA ¬p±§A »¦î »wnBm§A
ã
/ (1ì)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A « o´x½
ã A°ÑAoP ©¦í§A ¥µÑA « ¹îBª] »¦î ϧl »mi Bª§° :¤±.ÑA
defgc (18)©¼ÇµAoÇMAá ¸n±Çw »@ (17)

ºÑã A »Ç‾ÒA kÇP ºm§A


ã :<»Ç‾Ñ¿A>° ,om~§A <oG%§A> ¬ÑBM ²°ov@° ;¼T‾±®«
Ø ¼Tª¦A »¦î ¬AoGÒP
/²±d‾° poe « ³®« ¸jAoª§A ³T½BŠ Œ¦M kP ºm§A
ã >ox§A ³‾Ñ¿ ;¾B‾¿á A ³®«° ,³T½BŠ ÎnjÑA

/SwA »wnB8 < yªzH > pA Joí« Ø yªz :¤B 20ì :@«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU (9
/3ë2.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (10
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ºAã q§A JBM ) 187.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (11
/ < q¼®zH > Joí«
Ø ³‾E 12ì. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8ã ¾B] @ñ§° (12
/18ë.ë »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (13
³ÇM ° k®½±£ An nA±i¡®w ïo« ²k¼zH °A° ³M »‾BY ° ¤°A cT)M :¤B (±TH ) 1ë9ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1ê
/k®‾A±i ¾Ba »Moî
/(¬AoTH ) ì9ì.1 ºo¼¢‾B´]
ã ¡®µo8 (1ë
pA ³ÇH ²B¼w SwA »½°nAj ¬C° , k{BM ¬Aoa »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (¬AoTH ) 1ë9ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1ì
/SwA ¬C Joí« Ø ¬Aoa ° , k‾o¼£ SwA »µ±H °ow ¬C ³H oîoî Sinj
/ì23.1 »)æÑ¿A o¼v)T§A° 291.2 é«B\§A é«A±] o¼v)U (17
/ ë0 : ©¼µAoMA (18
( >oÖÒ \,Ò ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ë9

B´µBLÇ{ÑA° ¬Bµj¿á A ¥XªM ¾ÀI¿á A ¬Ñ¿ ;Amµ o¼Š ¹½Ð¿A « j±~%ª§A »®íª§A ¬ÑA »mh½ ¿°
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/¾BG§A ¬BñwAá ° >B%§A ovñM ¬AoÖGPß ° ,¾BG§A ¬BñwAá °
[ 713 ] ( oÒ ÖMDÒ )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,omí\A cnÒ kÖ 8Ò Joí«
(2)
Ø ,k¦M ©wA :o½oGP ¤B%½° ,cTm§BM
[ 71ê ] ( BÒ‾±ÔMDÒ )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , B‾±T( Joí«
Ø , B‾±GP nqM ¤B%¼@ <nqM> ³¼§Aá >B6½ ºm§A
(3)
ã
[ 71ë ] ( KíÖ KÒ §A )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î JB8 Joí«
Ø , ©h6§A bk%§A :cTm§BM
(ê)

[ 71ì ] ( y!KÒ §A )
/ (ë)yZ( Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ,cTm§BM
/oµBp ±µ°
[ 717 ] Ò !Ö KÒ §A )
( ¥¼¦z
/ (7)¥¼P BªA q¼§ ³`Z( °ÑA , (ì)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA o¼£ ³`Z( Joí«
Ø ,¹@oUª§A

/92.ì ¬B¼L§A éª\« o¼v)U (1


G½oa »Moî ³M An o´{ ¬C° SwA ºo´{ ¨B‾ , bo8n ¬p° oM :¤B (bnk ) ë20.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/k{BM < boa > yMoí« ° , k®½±£
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A boe) 3êê.13 Joí§A ¬Bv§ :oF‾A (3
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A JBM ) 118.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
»wnBÇ8
㠱ǵ° /o¼~Ç=§A Gh§A :y)=§A :¤B (¾B)§A é« bB=§A JBM ) 90.ê W½kd§A K½o„ »8 ã ¹½B´®§A (ë
/< y)H > ³¦æÑA , Joí«
Ø
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Ø ¹8o;ª§A :¥¼¦z)=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 39.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) 1803.ë bBd~§A
2ì0 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( }ÒBXÒ §A )

[ 718 ] ( } !Ò KÒ §A )
/ (2)¼‾BµoL§A »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , uÒZ8Ò Joí«
Ø , o¼G§A uLd« :ϽodT§BM
(1)

[ 719 ] ( q¼!ß KÒ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,ÓB6½ÑA s½±( ¤B%½° , q¼Zß (Ò Joí«
(3)
Ø ,>°oí« ¤B¼ñ«
[ 720 ] ( cÀDß )

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° / ¤Bh¦i° ½°qP ¼M ¹í¦P :JBTñA


/cTm§BM RÀ( Joí« (ê)

[ 721 ] ( S¦KÔ §A )
/KTñ§A èíM »@
ã ³M boæ
Ø kP° , ºk®´§A
ã S¦( Joí« , (ë)S¦%§A Ke ³¼§Aá Kv®½ :©6§BM
Ø
[ 722 ] ( nkÖÒ ®¦Ò KÒ §A )
o¦Çi éi±½ ©¼xí§A Kzh§A ³¦æÑA° /¹îBª] ³§BP ; (ì)nk®¦( Joí«
Ø ,¹¦mv§A « :cTm§BM
« ¾¿Æµ »@
ã ³§BªíTwAá ° /¹@Bi¿á A JBM « ±µ° ,JBL§A :<nj>° ,©¼xí§A :<¬ÀA> ,JBL§A
/³M A±eoæ
Ø B« »¦î ¸nBíTw¿á A JBM

/127. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (7


/(bB=§A ¥~8 jB~§A JBM ) 31ê.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
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/³a=‾»M jBæ ³M k{BM
q¼) , k®®H ³‾Bª¼Q An Bµq¼a ¬AkM ³H k{BM ºA³‾Bª¼Q q½±ß Ò« ¬p° oM :¤B (q¼)H ) 1ììê.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/< s½±H > ÇM 17ê2 ¹d)æ »8 ã boæ°Ø / SwA ¬C Joí« Ø
/38ì.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (ê
S¦Ç=§A Ke »MoÇî ³M An ¬C° k®½±£ An ºk®µ xB« ¤°A ovñM :¤B (S¦ ) 1ë37.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/ k®‾A±i
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:¤B (¤k®¦ ) 1êì. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
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( ¹Ú¦XÔ §A ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ì1

[ 723 ] ( ¹¦Ú KÔ §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (2)³Ø¦( Joí«
Ø , ¥L\§A »¦îÑA :©6§BM
(1)

[ 72ê ] ( o¼{BªKÒ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , o¼{Bª( Joí«
(3)
Ø ,u@oA Œªæ :cTm§BM
[ 72ë ] ( ©KÔ ªÖ KÔ §A )
/ (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ; ©ñª( Joí«
Ø ,¹@°oí« ¹¼‾ÐA :kµk´A
[ 72ì ] ( ¹ªØ KÔ §A )
« ¹@°oí« ¹®½k« : (ì)©8
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(ë)

SªŠjÑBÇ@ ÓBª¼Ç« ¾BÇL§A° ¬±Ç®§A SL¦P ,³M A±eoæ B« »¦î (7)KÖ®£Ô Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA ¿Ø Aáß ©\í§A hAoî
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(9) K‾j° (8) K®Çi ¥ÇæÑ¿A »Ç@ B´‾B@ ,©w° ¨j° ©i ¥X« ²oÄBx‾ »@ ¹¼¦A ¸kîBP ²mµ°
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(10)

/ 127. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A , (bB=§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) ê0.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
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/(bB=§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 201ë.ë bBd~§A (ë
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/ SwA ¨j »®í« ³M k\MA ºBM ° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A ©qM :¤B (K‾j ) 882.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (9
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2ì2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( o\Ò Ö®ªÒÒ X§A )

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[ 727 ] Ò ®ªÒ KÒ §A )
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:o\Ò ®Ö ªÒÒ =§A128. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§AB)§Ñ¿A »8° ã /< oñ‾BªH > ¹¼wnB)§BM ³¦æÑA° ÓBq½ÑA o\®ª=§A±µ »‾Bªd§A ã
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Ò Ò®XÒ §A ) .#B§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2ì3

[ 728 ] Ò ®KÒ §A )
( ¸nBÒ
±Çµ° , (2)²nBÒ®(Ò ,JB~%§A
Ø ¸nB®P ³®«° ,²±d‾° ©d¦§A ³¼¦î q¦í½ k½kd§A « ¥ªí½ ¾»{
(1)
ã
/³M bo~«
Ø
[ 729 ] ( kÖ®KÔ §A )
(3) ³¼T¼~i ºÑA ³½k®P ©xî î ¹½B®A ½k®%§A BMÑA »íªæÑ¿A »ªw ³®«° ,¹¼~h§A :©6§BM
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ã >Bñ§BM (ê)k®£ Joí«
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Ç« ¤±ªíǪ§A Amµ cTm§BM° ,ÓBMoí« ÓB6½ÑA oñví§A »®íªM <k®\§A> pE°
Ø / (ë)<oTwjBMk®]>
/oµBp ±µ° ,Ç ¬±®§A ¬±ñvM Ç (ì)k‾B( Joí«
Ø ,oñv§A
[ 730 ] ( nkÖ®DÒ )
/ (7)nk®( Joí«
Ø ,k¦M ©wA
[ 731 ] ( tkÖÔ ®KÔ §A )

JB~Ç=§A B´¼¦Çî x¦íǽ ¹Lzh§A : ¸nB®=§A °nB®=§A :¤B (bB=§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A boe) 120.ë Joí§A ¬Bv§ (1
/Joí§A ¨ÀH @« u¼§ , ©d¦§A
¬C JoíÇ«
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/ SwA < ²nB® >
330.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã ³L½oíTM boæ°
Ø /(bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A boe) 3ì9.3 Joí§A ¬Bv§ oF‾A (3
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM )
, k{BÇM oÇñ{ »®íÇ« ³ÇM , k\MA ¤Aj° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (k®H ) 1703.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/SwA < k® > ¬C Joí« Ø °
¬C° , k{BM »MC ¡w —½Bi ³H SwA < oTwk¼Mk®£ > Joí« Ø :¤B (oTwk¼Mk®]) ë91.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/ oiC boe bme ³M k®½±£»« ©µ < Swk¼Mk®]> An ¬C° , k®‾A±i odL§A K¦ñ§A ¹¼~i »Moî ³M An
q¼Ç‾ An oÇñ{° , SwA k®Ç »®íÇ« ³M k\MA ¤Aj ° ¬±‾ ¬±ñw ³M :¤B (k‾BH ) 1ë80.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
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o´Ç{ x¦aÇ« , S{o ºAn ° »‾BY ¬±¦w° W§BY ° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (nk®H ) 170ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (7
/ÓB«±ªî k®½±£ An ³®½k« °
2ìê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( nBµÒ kÖ®,Ò )

/ »ª\í§A
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ã K¦%§A t±P° ñª½° , pk®8 Joí«
(2)
Ø ,K¦íX§A ³Lz½ ¬A±¼e :mm®%A
(1)

[ 732 ] ( nBÒµkÖ®DÒ )
ºÑã A ³¼§Aá >B6ª§A ©½k%TM <nBµj Ï®A> ³¦æÑB@ Ï®( »ªv½ , (3)nBµk®P ¸k¦M »@ ã kLí« ©wA
/ (ê)¬B\¼Mâ nÒÖ lÑBA ³ªwBM ¸k¦L§A S¼ªv@ ,o´ñ§A :<nBµj> ,Ï®A nBµj
[ 733 ] ( o¼mÖÒ ®KÒ §A )
¨kî° B´Ø®w ¸oXñ§;ϧl B´§ ¤B%½ /¹®mí§A p±\í§A ºÑã A (ë)o¼Q ²k®£ Joí«
Ø ,p±\í§A :¥¼L\‾qA
/¹@Bx®§A « B´®ñªU
[ 73ê ] ( nBMÖ®Kß §A )
»¦î JAoîÑ¿A JÑAj ±µ B« »¦î ²±d‾° ÓBLµl »zd½ o¼íL§A q®î k¦] °ÑA o%L§A k¦] :ovñ§BM
/ »ã Ø®p »@
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(ì)
Ø ,²B®íªw B«
[ 73ë ]
ß ÔM®Ö KÒ §A )
( ¬±½Ô n±
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ,©¼ñd§A tn±T®a »§Aá J±v®« ³½n±T®a Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« ¾A°j
(7)

G½oíTÇM l±iÑB« Ç ¹ª\íª§A ¤Ak§A° bB=§A ©qM Ç tk®=§A °ÑA pk®=§A :¤B , 23ê.ë »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (1
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/ ²BM°n
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[ 73ì ] ( m!Ô ®Ö KÔ §A )
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[ 7ê0 ] ( u®DÔ ±KÔ §A )
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[ 7êê ] Ò Kß §A )
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[ 7êë ] ( u¼Ö DÒ )
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/Joí§A k] ±µ° , ¥¼îBªwA @MA ©wA nAm¼ : ¤B (Bª´í«
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( t°°BÒ
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[ 7êì ] ( t°°Ô BKÒ ¼Ö DÒ )

Ø ³Ø‾ÑBM ¤±%§A ¬A° ,¬BG¦v§A »®íªM ¬B‾±½ ¹U§ »@


/¨A±í§A èíL§ (2)t°°Bñ¼( Joí« ã ³‾Aá :¥¼P
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Ø t±MBP ¬ÑBM boæ
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(3) t±«B%§A KeBæ ¬Ñ¿°

/Joí« Ø
[ 7ê7 ] Ö ´ß DÔ )
( ¬BTv
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Ø ,ϧl o¼Š° uLI° kMB®]° ÄBP B´TL~P
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/(y¼H ) 17ëë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1


»®íÇ« ³M < »H > ³a k{BM K¼\‾ ° ¥¼æA° ¤jBî »®í« ³M :¤B (t°Bñ¼H ) 17ë7.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
/SwA ²k«C ©µ K¼\‾ ° ¥¼æA »®í« ³M < t°BH > ° , ¤jBî
/(bB=§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 238.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/mMB®] ¸jB« ¥½l 1ìë.2 ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« :oF‾A (ê
/¹ª\íª§A ¤Am§BM < mMB®]> :©\íª§A »8°
ã , AmH (ë
/(¬BTv´) 1ëê9 ° , (¬BTv´H) 17ê7.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
2ì8 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( pkÔ Ö®´Ô ,Ô )

¤B%½ éi±«« ©\í§A jÀM « tB%æÑ¿A « é%æ


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[ 7ê8 ] ( pkÖÔ ®´Ô DÔ )
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Ø
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[ 7ê9 ] ( ¹Ak¼DÒ )
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/ (1)éIB%§A
[ 7ë0 ] ( ¬A°oÒ ¼Ö KÒ §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ¬A°nB( Joí«
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Ø ,¹¦@B%§A :cTm§BM

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/ < ¬A°nBH> ¹¼wnB)§BM ±µ° , Joí«
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(Bñ§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 7ë1 ] ( nÒpB, )
/ pE
Ø B« »¦î ºAq§A
ã ©i° »wnBm§A
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Ô Joí«
Ø , ©\í§BM o´‾ :o]B´A
(1)

[ 7ë2 ] ( ¬°nÒÔ pB, )


, ºAq§A
ã oÇvñM ¬°npBÇ( JoíÇ«
Ø , t±«BÇ%§A »@
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ã ³§BP ;tnBmM >°oí« k¦M : ºAq§A
ã cTmM
/ (3)kªí§A èíM ³M boæ
Ø BªA ,ÓB6½ÑA »wnBm§A
ã ºAs§BM
ã ¤B%½°
[ 7ë3 ] ( tBÖÑ Òñ§A )
/ (ë)³wBA ¤B%½° /o§Ñ¿BM tB( Joí«
Ø , ³¼@ JAoz§A ¨AjB« °ÑA ³¼@ Joz½ ¾B‾¿á A
(ê)

[ 7ëê ] ( »®wBÒ
ã ñ§A )
/¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM »®{B( Joí«
Ø , >°oí« SL‾
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/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 12ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
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/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êê.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
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ã /SwA ²k«C ©µ nAj³a=‾ @¼{
( [ Ö®ÒH Bñ§A ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 271

[ 7ëë ] ( [Ö®Ò, Bñ§A )


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ã ³‾Aá :¤B%½ kP°
[ 7ëì ] ( g«Ò Bñ§A )
/k¼íM ±µ° , »Moî
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(3)
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Ø ,¬B´LæA ¤±ªí« ±µ° ,¨Aj¿á A « t±‾
[ 7ë7 ] ( JBLÒ Ôñ§A )
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[ 7ë8 ] ( ¹LØ Ôñ§A )


/ ³P( Joí«
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[ 7ë9 ] ( »LØ Òñ§A )


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[ 7ì0 ] ( oLÒ Òñ§A )


/pn±ÇA° ²pn±ÇA ¤B%ǽ° (8)n±Ç( Joí«
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/([®H BH ) 28ëì.3 @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A (1


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/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A JBM ) 208.1 bBd~§A (ë
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ã ¸jB« ¥½l »8
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nBH ³M q¼‾ BµA°j nj ° k‾pBw nBaC ¬CpA ³H  B‾nBi k{BM »®Twn ¬C° , SwA oLH »®í« ³M S{o ºAn
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272 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( yÖLÒñ§A )

/¤BªTeA jo\« ³‾ÑA ¿ ¬Ao«Ñ¿A ³¼@ ¥¼P kP° ,K½oíT¦§ ¿ K¦%§A ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½°
[ 7ì1 ] ( yLÖ Òñ§A )
±Çµ° ,²B®íªw B« »¦î qîBª§A « »§±d§A ³‾ÑA oµBx§A° ,¥¼P AmA »§±d§A ¥ªd§A :cTm§BM
±µ° ,¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM ¤B%½° / »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A »@
ã ©6§BM yÔPÔa Joí«
(1)
Ø ,©´6íM ¨ÀA »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø
/éªv‾ B« »¦î >°oíª§A
[ 7ì2 ] ( ¬BØTÒñ§A )
/o¼mhT§BM ¬BT( Joí«
Ø ,RBL®§A « ¥ªí½ >°oí« J±Y :jAkzA
(2)
Ø
[ 7ì3 ] ( Ao¼Xß Òñ§A )
/k®´§A RBU§ « ,¸B®Xª§BM Ao¼T( Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« Œªæ :¹X¦Xª§A ¾BX§A ovA° >Bñ§A cTmM
(3)

/¬qhª§A »@
ã AmA
(ê) ( ZkÒñ§A )
[ 7ìê ] Ò
²kÇASM° ²kÇñzUÐA ÇA ¹æBÇi
Ø ¾B¼Ç{ÑA ³Ç¼§Aá >B6ǽ° , (ë)²kÇ( Joí«
Ø ,º°ÑBª§A :¹Aod«
/¥mUU À@ ,²oí{ »@
ã »«°o§A
ã ³¦ªíTwA ¬Aá ° <²kA¬Bv‾A> À
Ó X« ¤B%½ ¿° ,²kASª¦p°
[ 7ìë ] ( tBMoÖ ñß §A )
¬Bñ« ¬±®§BM ¤B%½° , (ì)t±«B%§A ³¼@ ³§BP ;cTm§BM tBMoÒÖ ( Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« J±Y :ovñ§BM
/ (7)tB‾oñ§A ¤B%¼@ ¾BL§A

:oFÇ‾A° k®½±Ç£ An ³§BÇvñ½ —§B„qÇM , yzH ¬p° oM ¤°A cT)M :¤B (yPa ) ì21.2 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/28ë.ë »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2ì2.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/21ì :@«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU (3
/¹ª\íª§A ¤Am§BM Zmñ§A :Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8°
ã , AmH (ê
/< ²kH > Joí« Ø , Z ÒmÒñ§A :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 20ê.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
Ø , º°ÑBª§A :¹H od«
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êë.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/ ¾BL§BM , tBMoñ§A »8
ã ¹;§ , ¬±®§BM tB‾oñ§A :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
( Z oÔÒ H ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 273

[ 7ìì ] ( ZoÔÒ , )
/©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã B« »¦î ²o( Joí«
(1)
Ø ,©\í§A « éiA±« :oÒ@qÔA
[ 7ì7 ] ( joÒÖ ñ§A )
/k½nj MA î ¬jo£ omh« (2)jo£ Joí«
Ø ,q®í§A :cTm§BM
/ (3)t±«B%§A î ³L½oíU »@
ã jo%§A ¨k%U°
/ »wnBm§A
ã >Bñ§BM jo£ Joí«
Ø , ÎBdi ¬B«p »@
(ê)
ã A°o´p >°oí« ¥¼] :©6§BM°
[ 7ì8 ] ( ZBÒ‾joÖ ñß §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° , ÎB‾jo( Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,>°oí« JBLA
[ 7ì9 ] ( oÔØ ñ§A )
/ciA° ±µ° ,o¼mhT§BM o( Joí«
Ø ,tnB@° ¬B\¼MnlÑBM o´‾ :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
(ì)

[ 770 ] ( ¹wAoÔØ ñ§A )


/ (8)o¼mhT§BM ¹wAoÔÒ ( Joí«
Ø , od~§A « ¾q\§A :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
(7)

±Çµ° JoíÇ«
Ø »wnB8
ã , ³M Kí¦½ ºm§A
ã : Zoñ§A :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A boe) 3ë2.2 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (1
/< ²oH > ¹¼wnB)§BM
JoíǪ§A
Ø :oFÇ‾A° / JoíÇ«
Ø »wnBÇ8
ã , x®í§A :joñ§A :¤B , (bBñ§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) ë31.2 bBd~§A (2
/(joÒÖ H ) ë3ê.
/(bB=§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 327.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(joH ) 1ì1ë.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/SwA  B‾joH :ZB‾joH :¤B 220 :@«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU : oF‾A (ë
¬Ak¦ÇL§A ©\íÇ« :oFÇ‾A° ¹¼®¼«nÑA »8
ã ³‾Aá ¤B=½ o´‾ :oñ§A :¤B (¾Ao§A° bBñ§A JBM ) 277.ë @¼í§A JBTH (ì
/êë1.ê
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/(³wAoH ) 1ì10.3 é?B ¬BµoM (8
27ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( (wÔ oÔÖ ñ§A )

[ 771 ] ( uwÔ oÔÖ ñ§A )


/oµBp ±µ° ,omí\A ¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM (2)t Ò{oÒÖ ( Joí«
Ø , G%§A :n±L‾p° oÔm~Ö íA
(1)
Ô
[ 772 ] ( uoÒÒ ñ§A )
(ë) u@oÖA ÒA ³‾A :¤B%½ kP° /¹ª\íª§BM (ê) yJo( Joí« , (3) >°oí« ¥%M ¾Ao§A° >Bñ§A cTmM
ßÒá Ø
/ owoñ§A° Kwoñ§A :³¼@ ¤B%½ kP° ,u@oÒÒ A »@
(ì)
ã ¹U§ ,³ÄB@ ovA° W§BX§A° ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
[ 773 ] ( ¬BÒ,oÔ, )
>Bñ§BM ¿Aá B´‾±§±%½ ¿ ©\í§A 鼪]° :©\íª§A o~Th« »@
ã ¤BP >°oíª§A ¬B]o]Ô »µ
(7)
ã
¿ ,©\Çí§A ³§±%½ ºm§A
ã Amµ° / »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM ¬B£o£ Joí«
Ø ,¬BwAoi° ¬BTwoLI ¼M »µ°
ã
/o~Thª§A KeBæ ³Ø®p B« »¦î »Moí§A
ã >Bñ§A
:AmA°
[ 77ê ] ( [Ò‾BÒ,oÔ, )
»ªxí§A B´TL~P° ³í¼ª] ©¼¦P¿á A ©wA ¨pnA±i ¬Ñ¿ ; (8)¨pnA±i « ¬Bíi±« ±µ° ,©6§BM
¹L½oP ¹®½k« ºoU~§A [‾BAoA° /<¹¼‾B]o\§A> Bµ±ªv@
Ø Bµ±Moî
Ø kP° ºoLñ§A[‾BAoA B´§ ¤B%½
/o~Thª§A »@
ã AmA ;¤B¼«ÑA ¸ozî Bª´®¼M ºoLñ§A «
[ 77ë ] ( ¬kÒØ ,oñ§A )
/ (9)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ¬±®§A jkzU ¹«Bí§A° ,¤Ak§A ¸jkz«

/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾B)§A JBM ) 189.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/133. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A (2
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/ϧ±«nB« :(y8oH ) ¬Ø E 29êì.3 @¼í« ¡®µo8 »8 ã ºm§A
ã (ê
/(u8oH A) 1ëê.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/(GwoH )° (KwoH ) 1ì19 ° 1ì18.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/ ékA±« ¹YÀY »µ°
ã , ¬B]o] ¥¼ JoØ îÔ AlAá ° , ¬±‾ ²oiC° ©q§BM :¬BHoÔH :¤B êë2.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/êë2.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (8
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2ì3.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
( ¨oÒÖ ñ§A ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 27ë

kíL@ ¼®w uªi ³®GM »@


ã ²k§° »%L½ ³m‾ÑA »¦î ³‾oP° t±«B\§A ³Lz½ >°oí« ¬A±¼e
(1)

>Bh¼@ ¨Ñ¿A ¬Bv§ ¹‾±zh§ ϧl° ³«ÑA « om½°


Ø k§±¼@ ¼®w éMnÑA »§Aá éØ Mo½° ³wÑAn Zoh½ ¹®w
/³‾Bv§ >AoIÑBM ²o{BL½ ¬ÑA k§±§A »¦î
KwB®½ Bª«
Ø »®íª§A Amµ ¬ÑA oµBx§A° /¼®w ozî ³§ ºm§A
ã ¥¼m§A k¼~½ oÄBI ³‾Aá :¤B%½ kP°
/¥¼P B« »¦î ¾B%®í§A
/k¼íM ±µ° , (3)¥¼P B« »¦î òo( Joí«
Ø °ÑA , …w±§A »@
(2)
ã »wnBm§A
ã >Bñ§BM ¬k£o( Joí«
Ø
ºAq§A°
ã ¹¼‾BÇX§A cTÇ@° »§°Ñ¿A >BÇñ§A ©6ÇM ¬qÇÒ
Ø A oÔÖ A ³Moí« ¬Ø Aá : (ê)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@°
ã
/»´T‾A /¸jkzª§A
/K½oíT§A »@
ã ¬BTU¼æ ³¦@
(ë) ( ¨oÒñ§A )
[ 77ì ] Ö
/k‾q§A RBU§ « (ì)Bª¦Ò( Joí«
Ø ,K®í§A ¸o\{ :cTm§BM

»ªv½° , ¥æÑ¿A ¹¼wnB8 Ç bBñ§A cT)M Ç ¬kHoñ§A :¤B (k®Hoñ§A) ¸jB« 29ê.ë »]±§°°q§A ã ©\íª§A (1
¹¼wnBÇ8 ¬kHoH :¬A±¼d§A ©\í« »8 ã ¤B /y½oí§BM Joí§A k®î° , ¬o=§A k¼e° ²B®í« BªM [‾o8Ñ¿A k®î
/¹Moí«
Ø
/ < ¬kÒÚ H oÔÖ H > Joí«Ø ( ¬
Ö kÒ
Ò H oÒ
Ö H ) :1ëê. ¹¼wnB)§A RBM oíª§A
Ø ©\í« (2
/ k®½±£ An < ¬k£oH> oiC nj »wnB8ã bBH BM ° :¤B (oH ) 1ì22.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
©Ç½°j bBÇH cT8 ° ¤°A bBH ©k ³M k{BM ¬qHoH Ø ¬C Joí« Ø :¤B (¬k£oH) 1ì23.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/jkz« nAj³a=‾ ºAp °
/(³®« ) ©´8B8 , GئñT§A @« ±¦hU ¿° , ¨oñ§A ¹¼ªvU »8 ã ©´w±)‾ W½kd§A° ¹;¦§A ¥µÑA @« ¹îBª] KíUÑA° (ë
¨oñ§A° / K®í§A ¨oH :¨oñ§A :(bBñ§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 2020.ë bBd~§A »8 ã ºoµ±\§A
ã ¤B : ¤±ÑA
¸jÀÇ=§A° K®Çí§A : ¨oÇñ§A (bBñ§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 170.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã ¤B° / ¸À=§A ÓBq½ÑA
©¼ª§A boe) ë13.12 Joí§A ¬Bv§ :oF‾A° /x‾Bhª§A »8 ã ¹„B¼~§A @« ‚±‾° ¸nB\d§A@« ¸B=®« çnÑA°
/(bBñ§A ¥~8
/k®½±Ç£ An n±Ç¢‾A Sinj k‾pBÇQ ° kÇ‾p S;§ ³M , B«o£ ¬p° oM :¤B (Bª¦H ) 1ì78.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/(o«oH ) 1ì2ê.3 :oF‾A°
27ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬B«oÒÖ H )

[ 777 ] ( ¬B«oÒÖ , )
/éªv‾ B« »¦î (2)ovñ§BM ¬B«o(ß Joí«
Ø , éwA° ©¼¦PAá cTm§BM
(1)

[ 778 ] ( tB½Ò oñß §A )


/ (ê)tB¼¦Ç(,JBÇL§A ¾B®Ç@° (3)cGv§A »¦îÑA »@
ã o¼®ñ§A :¹¼‾BTdT§A ¸B®Xª§A ¾B¼§A° ovñ§BM
/ »wnBm§A
ã »@
ã K¦%§A t±P° ñª½°
[ 779 ] ( ¸oÒ ÔMqÖ Ôñ§A )
kP° : (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP Am§° ;¾BL§A cTmM ²oMÒ qÔÖ ( Joí«
Ø ,o½pBMÑ¿A « :W§BX§A° ¤°ÑØ ¿A ©6M
ozñ½ kP° , ¸oZv( :³L½oíU »@ à mî¼e ³Ø‾ÑA ¿Ø Aá /»´T‾A /¾BL§A cTmU
ã ¤B%½ kP° ¹¼ª\í§A »¦î hBM
/ ¾BM
Ó ¸Ó nBU° ¾B@
Ó ¸Ó nBU ³L¦%§ »wnBm§A
ã ¾BP§A ³¦æÑA ¬±A î Amµ
/ (ì)¼‾BµoL§A »@
ã ³M bo~«
Ø ¥ªíTv« ±µ° , ²oPvÔÖ ( BMoí« Bª´Ø‾A q¼%dT§A°
[ 780 ] ( jBvÒÒ ñ§A )
/©6§BM (7)jBvÔ( Joí«
Ø ,ZA°o§A ki :cTm§BM

/êëê.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1


cT)M k¦M ©wA ¬B«oH : ºoM
ã @MA ¤B / // ¬B«oHß ° ¬B«oÒH :¬Bv¦§A »8
ã :¤B (¬B«oH) ëëë. Joíª§A
Ø é]An (2
¤B° /@d§ °E ovñ½ k° :t±«B=§A »8° ã ºoµ±\§A
ã BµovH k° , BµovñM ¹«Bí§A Sí§°E k° bBñ§A
/¹d~§BM o´{E cT)§A° RovH BªMn //cT)§BM :R±B½
/ovñ§BM ¬B«oHß Joí«
Ø cT)§BM B´‾Ø E boæ
Ø @« »¦î oXí‾ ©§°
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/k®‾A±i < tB½oH > »Moî ³M An ¬C :¤B (tB¼¦H ) 1ì8ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 12ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
»®í« ³M »‾BY ¬±ñw° S{o ºAn cT8 ° k\MA ºBM ° ¤°A ©qM :¤B (²oLvH ) 1ìê2.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
An < q¼®Çz£ > S{oÇ ºAn cT8 ° W§BY ° ¤°A ©qM :¤B (²oMqH ) 1ì3ë.3 :oF‾A° / SwA < q¼®z£ >
/k®½±£
t±«BÇ=§A :oFÇ‾A° /k{BM ¿BH ° ‚BT« ¬k{ A°nB‾ , jA±w ¬p° oM :¤B (jBvH ) 1ìê2.3 é?B ¬BµoM (7
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) 333.1 Y¼dª§A
( [¼T vÔÖ ñ§A ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 277

[ 781 ] ( [¼TvÔÖ ñ§A )


/ (1)nB‾Ø q§A ¬°j ³MB¼Y h±@ »«m§A
ã ²kz½ u¼¦Š …¼i :©6§BM
©´@oÇî »@
ã ³‾±ªv½° ¬BwAoi A±înB~« ²kz½
Ø ºm§A
ã …¼h§A ³‾Aá : éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@°
(2)
ã
éGÇP èíM »ªw
ã ³®«° , »Tz( ¤B%½ kP° /¸oæBh§A »¦î kz½ ºm§A
ã ºÑã A »Tv( Joí«
Ø ,ÓAnB‾p
/k®M »TzA ÇM mñ§A
[ 782 ] ( ºov
× ,ß )
/Ϧª§A éwA° ºÑã A (ê)°ovi Joí«
Ø , tom§A Ϧ« cTm½° ,ovñ§BM
(3)

©§° Bª´MBM »@
ã BªµoAl W¼e ¬B¼ª\î
Ø Bª´¼¦A ¬ÑA (ë)¹¼wnBm§A ¹U¦§A KTA èíM « oµBx§A°
/oiпA Joí«
Ø BªµkeÑA ¬ÑA »§Aá oz½
[ 783 ] ( uÔ
Ø ñ§A )
/o¼mhT§BM u( Joí«
Ø ,od§A :k½kzT§A° ©6§BM
/k½kzT§BM K½oíT§A n±´x§ ;»UL®½ B« »¦î u¼§ ,kا±« ³‾Aá : (ì)t±«B%§A ¤±P°
[ 78ê ] ( uÒ
Ø ,)
o~Th« »@
ã AmA ¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM ¬±§±%½ B´¦µÑA° ,Amñµ ©´LTA »@
㠕Bmd§A ²oAl /cTm§BM
/©\íª§A

/ < »TvH
ã > Joí«
Ø , [¼Tvñ§A :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 20ë.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/(»TzH ) 1ìê9.° , (»TvH ) 1ìê3.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
oÇT§A ð¦Ç«° , < ºoÇvH > tnB8 jÀM 𦫠@« ¥H :¤B ë8.ë ¬B«q§A ¾B®MÑA ¾BL‾ÑA° ¬B¼îÑ¿A RB¼8° (3
¹zLÇd§A ð¦Ç«° , < éLÇU> @ªÇ¼§A ð¦Ç«° , < ¥oǵ> ¨BÇz§A 𦫰 , < o~¼ > ¨°o§A 𦫰 ¬BBi
/ð§l o¼„° , < »{B\®§A>
ã
JoíÇ«
Ø , toÇ)§A ð¦Ç« :cT)ǽ° , ºoÇvH :¤B (bBñ§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 12ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/𦪧A éwA° : ºÑã A °ovi
/(°ovi) 7ê8.2 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
278 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( »¦¼v
× ñß §A )

/ (1)¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM ¹Moí«


Ø ¹¦ª´ª§A ¼v§BM ³‾ÑA oµBx§A°
/ϧl ¥X« »@
ã jkz½ ¿ ©\í§A ¬Ø ¿Ñ ;o¼mhT§BM <yA> »Moí«
ã B‾±ñ½ ¬ÑA ñª½°
cTm§BM Ç uA :¹¦ª´ª§A ¼v§A JBM »@
ã ¤BP W¼e ,¬Bíi±« Bª´‾ÑA t±«B%§A « o´x½°
(2)

¹ª\íǪ§A »Ç@
ã ¤BP° /oAmTw B´‾B@ ¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM ¥%U ¿° k®Poªw JoP k¦M :Ç ovñ§BM°
/ (3)¬B]o\M ¹½oP :Ç cTm§BM Ç yñ§A
[ 78ë ] ( »¦¼v
× ñß §A )
/ (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã ³§BP ;¹½k®´§BM »¦¼´( Joí«
Ø ,ªv« ¸oªd§A »§Aá ¹¦ÄB« ¬Ak¼î : »Z¼¦h(
[ 78ì ] Ò ñ§A )
( [Ö®zÒ
/ (ë)¥¼P AmA ; ³®z( Joí«
Ø ,¹½k®§A
Ø »iAnÑ
ã ¿A « SL®U RBL‾
[ 787 ] ( ÏíÖ Òñ§A )
/ (7)³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ÎB( Joí«
(ì)
Ø ,uMB¼§A qLh§A :cTm§BM
;©´®« …¦Š ±µ° ,¨A±í§A ¥ªíTv« ³‾Aá :©´6íM ¤B%@ ϧl »@
ã ²B®íªw B« »¦î QB8 B«ÑA°
(8)

/©´TU§ »@
ã >B%§A j±]° ¨kí§
/³M tBM ¿° ,ÓB´]° ¬Bñ§ <©%A> K½oíT§BM o´T{A ³‾ÑA° ³L½oíTM ¥¼P ±§ :¤±.ÑA°

/êì0.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« :oF‾A (1


/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼z§A JBM ) 28ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¨À§A JBM ) êë.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
k®‾B« k{BM »µB¼£ ¬C° , SwA < ³®zH > Joí«
Ø k®½±£ »qíM ° :¤B ([®zH ) 1ìëê.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
K½oíU , ¤B«o§A »8
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/(!B ) 11ë1ê.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A (8
( lBÒMÀÒH ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 279

[ 788 ] ( lBÒMÀÒ, )
,jn±§BÇM n±ªíǪ§A ºÑã A jBÇMÐA ¥Ç£ Joí«
Ø ,¾AnBhLM ¹¦d« :¹ª\í« ¤Al ²oiÐA° >Bñ§A cTmM
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ã ¤B%½ ³‾Aá k¼íw »MÑ
ã A î° n±MBv¼®M ¹¦d« ©6§BM°
(1)

[ 789 ] ( ¬BTLÒ ¦Ö Òñ§A )


/¾BL§A ovñM ¬BTLÖß ¦(Ò Joí«
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(2)
Ô k½kd§A jAkd§A
Ø ³M miÑB½ B«
[ 790 ] × XªÛ Ôñ§A )
( ºoÖ
Ç« ¹í~Ç%§A : (ê)<tBªÇÒA > ,¹ª%Ǧ§A nAk%« »®íªM °nÒ tBªÒ( Joí«
Ø , j°o«Ñ¿A « t±‾
(3)

©Çm§A »Ç@
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Ò /©m¦§ nBíTv½° Kzh§A
/ pE
Ø Amñµ /²oU~§
[ 791 ] ( ¬±ªÛ Òñ§A )
/k¼íM ±µ° ,¥¼P BªA »Moî
ã ±µ °ÑA , »‾B‾±¼§A
ã ¬±«Bi Joí« , (ë)>°oí« nqM :n±®Û TÒ A
Ø
[ 792 ] ( tkÖÔ ®Ôñ§A )
/¹ª\íª§A ¼z§BM (7)xk®( Joí«
Ø , j±wÑA ³]nBi° omæÑA ³¦iAj ,RBL‾ h°oî :©6§BM
(ì)

/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ°

/ê72.ê ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (1


¹¼wnBÇ)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8°
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/< ¬kPÖ¦ÒH > K½oíU ³‾E 137. ¹Moíª§A
/k®½±£ j°o«A »wnB8 ³M ºoXªH :¤B 223 : @«Æ« ©¼ñe —)dU (3
/(tBªH ) 1ì90.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A (ê
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2ì3.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/(bBñ§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 2êë.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
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ã /(xk®ÇH ) 170ì.3 é?BÇ=§A ¬BµoÇL§A : oF‾A (7
/< ³wÒ kÔ ®Ö ÔH >
280 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( Z°kÔ Ö®Òñ§A )

[ 793 ] ( Z°kÖÔ ®Òñ§A )


/ (2)ÓB6½ÑA ¬±®Ô ÒA° n±®Ô ÒA° ΰk®Ö ÒA° ±®ÒA ¤B%½° / (1)°k®( Joí«
Ø ,¬qhª§A ³L{ :cTm§BM
[ 79ê ] ( qÖ®Òñ§A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (ê)[®£ Joí«
Ø ,Bµ±d‾° ©µAnk§A « @k½ B« :cTm§BM
(3)

[ 79ë ] ( n±Ö Òñ®ß ,ß )


Joí«
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(ë)

/n°Bñ®A omh« n°¡®(


[ 79ì ] ( ¹vÒ ¼Ö ®ß Òñ§A )
kP B« »¦î ;ovñ§BM (ì)³v¼®(ß Joí«
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ã ovA° ¤°ÑØ ¿A ©6M (7)Sz®ß (Ô Joí«
Ø °ÑA ,KTñ§A èíM « o´x½
/¹¦ª´ª§A ¼v§A ¬±ñw° »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM
[ 797 ] ( t±Ö Òñ§A )
/ (9)¥¼P B« »¦î V±A ¤B%½ kP° /ymA »@
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(8)
Ø ,tAkª§A :cTm§BM

/°k®H : Joí«
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( [ wÒ ±Ö ÔÒñ§A ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 281

[ 798 ] ( [wÒ ±Ö ÔÒñ§A )


[w±ÇA> ³®Ç«° ,©6§BÇM (1)³w±Ç( JoíÇ«
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/(@¼z‾ oM ³w±H ) 1730.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
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¤°ÑØ ¿A é¼ÇMn « ¤°Ñ¿A ozí§A »@


ã ©\í§A ³¦ím½ ºm§A
ã ¬ÑA pE°
Ø /nB´T{¿á A Amµ o´T{A n±Amª§A
/¹í¼z§A « ¨Bñd§A èíM ¸nB{Aá « ³Ø¦í§° ,Amµ « l±iÑB«
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ã ¨±¼§A :¼v‾oM [w±A »®í« ¬±ñ½mî¼d@
/J±Ao§A <oM> ¹®½o%M B®µ ²B®í«°
[ 799 ] ( [¼´Òß , )
/ciA° ±µ° ,ovñ§BM (1)»´(ß Joí«
Ø ,¬BTv\w »@
ã ~e :o¼«ÑBA
[ 800 ] ( lBLÒ KÔ ¼Ö Ò, )
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ã >B%§A ¾»\«
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t°Bñ¼A° Vo«±¼A :¹vªi ¼IÀv§A « »A um¦M nk~ª§A ¬Aá : (ë)¤±dm§A èíM ¤BP
³®Ç« oLÇAÑA ¬BG¦w KwAo´§ o~î »@
ã ñ½ ©§ Bª§ ³‾Aá :¥¼P KwAo´§ »A° °ovh¼A° lBL%¼A°
/<»A> ¹xm¦M ²°nkæ
Ø
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[ 801 ] ( [¦Ò ¼ñß §A )
/ (ì)³Ò¦¼(ß Joí«
Ø ,¤B¼ñª§A

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/(»H ) 17ê9 Ç 17ê8.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
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( ¾BÒ¼ªß ¼ñß §A ) .#Bñ§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 283

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à ±´@ ¥¼ÒÖ ñ§A B«ÑA°
[ 802 ] ( ¾B¼Ò ªß ¼ñß §A )
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[ 803 ] ( VoÖ «Ò ±¼Ô ,ß )
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[ 80ê ] ( jnÖ °Ò pÀ§A


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Ø ,y%®§A ¥ªî »@
ã ¥ªíTv½ hnpÑA o\e : ºAq§A
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ã ovñM
[ 80ë ] ( ¨B\¦Ôß §A )
k½kd§A « ¥ªí½ ¾»{ : (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã BªA JBTñA° , éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
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ã BªA ©6§BM
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/(jn±]¿) 187ê° , (jn°r¿ ) 187ì.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (2
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[ 807 ] ( 1¦Ò KÖ ¦Ò §A )
/³U±æ « l±iÑB« ±µ° , (2)¡¦¢§ Joí«
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[ 808 ] ( KÒ ¦Ò §A )
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(3) t±‾Bm§A J±Y :ϽodT§BM

/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ°
[ 809 ] ( qÒñ¦§A )
/ÓB6½ÑA K¦%§BM òq§ ¤B%½° , »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM qÒ¢§ Joí«
Ø , k®Mnj o¦i k¦M
(ë)

[ 810 ] ( Òñ¦Ò §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , »ª\í§A
ã >Bñ§BM ¢§ Joí«
Ø , >°oí« >op :¥LÒ \A
(ì)
Ò
[ 811 ] ( [Ò®½p±¦Ô §A )
/ ³®½p±§ (7)Joí«
Ø ,²o¼Š° p±¦§A « ¥ªí½ ¾A±¦e

¬kí« ³H ³½Bª‾Ao£ SwA ºoµ±£ ¬C° SwA ²k«C ©µ ¥í§ »®í« ³M :¤B (¤¿ ) 1879.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
B)§Ñ¿A »8
ã ϧmM boæ Ø k° /SwA ¤¿¥í§ k®½±£ »qíM ° /k®½±£ ¥í§ »Moî ³M ° SwA ¬BzikMnj ¬C
/(¥í§ ) 1ì2. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§AÚ ©\í« :oF‾A° /oªeÑ¿A ²B®í« ¥æE :¤B° , 1ê2. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A
/³®« ¹Moí«
Ø x¦=¦§A ºÑã A ¹ª¦ñ§A° (ð§ ð§) ³¦æA »ª\îAã ©wA ³‾Aá :¤B 27ì.ë »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (2
/k{BM < @=§ > ¬C Joí«
Ø ° , k‾A³T)£ q¼‾ An t±‾B8 —«B] :¤B (@ñ§ ) 1902.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
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bBÇH BÇM »®íÇ« @ǽA ³M ° , k{BM ³MBT8C»M Sz? , @ªa ¬p° oM ¤B (@ñ§ ) 1902.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/(@¢§ ) 190ê.3 :oF‾A° /SwA ²k«C ©µ »wnB8
/p±§ p±Çí§ ³Ç‾Aá ° , Joí«
Ø b°oí« :[®½p±¦§A :¤B (¨À§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A JBM ) 191.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
JoíÇ«
Ø ³Ç‾Aá : 1ì3. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§AÚ ©\í« »8 ã ¤B° /(³®½p±§ ) 1912.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A°
/ ºp±¦§A
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ã ¹Lv®¦§ :< ³®½A>° < p±§ > @« KHo« , < ³®½p±§ >
28ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( p±Ô§ )

[ 812 ] ( c±Ô§ )
sA±Ç¦§A K½oíÇU Amǵ »¦î KUoT½° / (2)R±§ Joí«
Ø >°oí« , r
stuv (1) ¾B¼L‾Ñ¿A « ©6§BM

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»ª\í§A
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/ »Moí§A
ã @« xTz½ ¿
/(˜±§ ) 1839.ì @¼í« ¡®µo8 oF‾A (2
©¼ª§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 813 ] Ô ]Bª§A
( ¬±z ß )
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Ø ;oªÇ%§A ¬±§ ºÑã A ¬±Ç£ ²BÇ« JoíÇ«
Ø ,VkdÇ«
Ø ©¦î :BµovA° ©¼\§A ©6M
/ (1)t±«B%§A
[ 81ê ] ( [¼µß B«Ò nBªÒ §A )
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(2)
ã Joí«
Ø ,¹¼d§BA ¹ñªw
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[ 81ë ] ( tBªÒ Ö§AÑÒ )
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Ø , >°oí« o\e
(3)
Õ :tBm‾ÑBA
[ 81ì ] ( PBªÒ §A )
,¼Çí§A « é«k§A ºo\« ±µ° (ë)o‾Ñ¿A »¦½ Bª« B´@oI :oiÑA RBU§ ³¼@° ,B´PÆ«° ¼í¦§
³§BªíTwAá ° ,Bªµ±d‾° n±L‾q§A° Jo%í§A ¸oMAá ¥X« ¾»z§A
ã >oI ²B®í«° ,©6§BM α«Ô Joí«
(ì)
Ø

/(©¼ª§A ¥~8 @¼z§A JBM ) 287.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


/Ϫv§A ¹¼e ³¦æÑA° , Joí«
Ø ¾Ao§A cT)M ±µ »µB«nBª§A
ã :¤B ( »µB«nB«
ã ) 1ìê.ê @½odL§A éª\« (2
éa=½° oµ±\§A ³M K=X½ b°oí« o\e : tBª§A :¤B (©¼ª§A ¥~8 @¼v§A boe) 213.ì Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
/y=®½°
/(tB« ) 19ê1.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A : oF‾A (ê
/(©¼ª§A° bB=§A JBM ) 23ê.ë @¼í§A JBTH (ë
y¼Ç‾ ²A±Çi k®½±Ç£ An y¼‾ x¦a« :±„ ¬p° oM ¤°A ©k ³M :¤B (α« ) 20ëê.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
288 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( ZoÒ µÖ qÒ ¼µß Bª§A
Ò )

/¹d¼¦« ¹í½B{ ¸nBíTwAá »µ°


ã ¸nBíTw¿á A JBM « ¼í§A ¨k%« »@
ã
[ 817 ] ( ZoÖÒ µqÒ ¼µß BªÒ §A )
/©v§A :<²oµp>° ,R±d§A < »µB«>
ã , (1)²oµp »µB« Joí«
Ø ,R±d§A ©w
[ 818 ] ( t±\Ô ªÒ §A )
o¼U~§A ºÑã A (3)(2)x±£ [®« Joí«
Ø ,<S{jnp> ¸±L®M ¬±¦ÄB%§A ©µ° ,>°oí« ,©¼ª§A cTmM
/ (ê)¥¼P AmA ;³¼§Aá A±Lv®@ ϧmA ¬BA ©´v¼Än ¬Ñ¿ ;¬lÑ¿A
[ 819 ] ( kªÔ §A )
/ (ì)q‾Ak§A »®íªM k‾q§A RBU§ « Ç o¼mhT§A° cTm§BM Ç kÖ «Ò Joí«
Ø :>°oí« ¬p° :©6§BM
(ë)

[ 820 ] ( [ÒUoÖ ªÔ §A )
/S¼ª§A ºÑã A (7)²jo«Ô Joí«
Ø ,[®wnAjoª§A :©6§BM

/o¢½j ºBµq¼a y¼‾ ²A±i° k{BM Jo=î


, k®Ç‾A±Çi R±d§A ¬Aoñ¼{° Ϫv§A ©w »Moî ³M An ¬C :¤B (²oµp »µB« ) 19ì2.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/k{BM <Zoµp »µB«> ¬C Joí« Ø °
/< x±H > :¹?±ahª§A »8 ã (2
éªÇ] b°oíÇ« ¥L] t±\ª§A :²k¼w @MA ¤B :¤B (©¼ª§A ¥~8 @¼v§A boe) 21ê.ì Joí§A ¬Bv§ (3
@« ¤°ÑA ¬BH @¼‾lÑ¿A o¼;æ À
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Ø ©\í« »8
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¥L ¬Ao½A »8
ã ©½k=§A @½k§A ¤B]n ³M KØ=¦½ ¬BH K=§ ±µ° , //¹½±¦´P§A < B¼w±¢« > @î ¹Moí« Ú <t±\«>
:< g¼Ç« > Joí«
Ø ¹¼T{jnq§A ‚BLUE »¦î ¨Àw¿á A nBzT‾A m®« Sªî Ø ¹F)¦§A @ñ§° /S{jnp @½j nBzT‾A
/¬l¿ÔÑ A o¼;æ ºEã , ¬ÔlEÔ < x±£ > ° , o¼;æ
¥ÇµÑA k®Çî W¦ÇY° ¥Ç?o§A ±µ° : ¤B¼ñ« :©q§BM kª§A :¤B (©¼ª§A ¥~8 ¤Ak§A JBM ) ë37.2 bBd~§A (ë
/!Aoí§A ¥µÑA k®î ¬À?n° pB\d§A
/(kÒ« ) ë73.3 ºo¼¢‾B´]
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kíÇM »ÇUÐ
ã ¿A [®wnAjoª§A :oF‾A° /(©¼ª§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 207.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã ϧmM boæ
Ø (7
/})§
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Ò :1êê . ¹Moíª§AØ ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8° ã
( Z oÖ ª§A
Ò ) .©¼ª§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 289

[ 821 ] ( ZoÖ ªÒ §A )
»§Aá ÓAoxÇ‾ ;o´ÇpÑA Amǵ° , (2)ïoÇ« °ÑA poÇ« Joí«
Ø , JA°k§A ³¼@ »îoU éi±ª§A :cTm§BM
(1)

/»®íª§A
[ 822 ] ( [Ö®wÒ nAÖ ÒjoÖ ªÔ §A )
/S¼Çª§A o\Çd§A »®íªÇM (3)¡Ö®wnAj
Ò oÖ «Ô Joí«
Ø ,¹¼‾BX§A ¾Ao§A …%vU kP° ,>°oí« :©6§BM
/ (ê)¡Ö®wÒ ²jÒ oÖ «Ô ¤B%½°
[ 823 ] ( ¬BMÔpoÖ ªÒ §A )
:<po«> ,B´dT@ °ÑA ºAq§A
ã ¬±ñvM ¬BMpo«
Ö
(ë) Joí« ,n±UX§A »@ tom§A u¼Än : ºAq§A ©6M
Ø ã ã
©´§±%ÇA u¼Äo§A B®µ <¬BM>° ,¤±æ±§A ¥´v§A Ø¥dª§A î ¹½B®A B®µ° ,çnÑ¿A « ¹¦´v§A
/ϧl o¼Š° ¬BLT{j° ¬BLŠBM° ¬BLwBQ
[ 82ê ] ( x±\Ö
Ô ‾pÒ oÖ ªÒ §A )
o¼vmU ±µ° , »Moí§A
ã »@
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éªÇ] <¬Apo«>°
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Ø ³‾Ø ¿Ñ ; »wnBm§A
ã »@
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©ÇwA ±Çµ° , <ÏÒUoÇ


Ö Ò«> @Çî Joí«
Ø ±´8 [®wAjoª§A »®íªM ¬BH ¬Bá 8 :S¦ /(Y¼dª§A Y¼d« ) / ¬B®~§A
oµBF§A° /ïB«k§A c½o½Ô J±¼a§A @« Jok ±µ° , <²°Ò oÖ «>
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ã G¼d~U ²°Ò oÖ «Ô »wnB)§A
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/ k{BM @¼«p ³H SwA po« »®í« ³M ©¼]° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8
©§° , (ZoÇ« ) 399ê.3 @¼íÇ« ¡®µo8 oF‾A° /< ïoÖ «Ò > Joí« Ø :¤B 1ì7. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A Ø ©\í« (2
»®íªM Zo« ¬E 1981.ê é?B ¬BµoM »8 ã ³§B B« »§Aá ÓAoF‾ ¿Aá /< po« > Joí«
Ø ³Ø‾FM boæ
Ø @« »¦î oXí‾
/po«
/(©¼ª§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 207.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/(¡®w ²jo« ) 198ì.ê é?B ¬BµoM (ê
/ (¬BMpo«) 1987.ê é?B ¬BµoM :oF‾A° /(©¼ª§A ¥~8 ¾BL§A boe) ê17.1 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (ë
/(x±¢‾po« ) 1988.ê é?B ¬BµoM (ì
290 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( [Ö‾oÒ «Ò )

/¬Ôl¿ÔÑ A :<x±£>° ,po«

Ø ³‾Ø ÑA ¥¼P ±§° , ¥¼P B« »¦î »‾B‾±¼§BM


<x±A ²po«> Joí« ã ±´@ t±Pjoª§BM ³T¼ªvU B«ÑØ A°
(1)

/ (2)t±«B%§A ¤±P ±µ° ,ÓB´]° ¬Bñ§ x±ñ‾Apo« »@


ã ¹U§
[ 82ë ] ( [Ö‾oÒ «Ò )
/ciA° ±µ° , (3)¡‾oÒ «Ò Joí«
Ø ,k®´M ¹í¦P
[ 82ì ] ( ©½Ò oÖ «Ò )
Ȃ@
ã o¦TÇiA ³Ç‾Aá :RB«B%ª§A bo{ »@ ã ½k§A o´x« ¤BP , c defg »v¼î ¨ÑA O
PQRS ¬Aoªî S®M
¤Ap AlAá (ê)<ÓBª½n ©½o½ ¨An> « ¥~m« :¥¼P° ,³PB%T{A >oí½ ¿ »‾AoLî
ã ©wA ³‾Aá :¥¼%@ ,©½o«
/ (ë)»´T‾A /oiÐA ¬Bñ« »§Aá ¥%T‾A° ³‾Bñ« î
¹Moí«
Ø B´‾ÑA oµBx§A° ,R±d§A k§° o¼G§A ¬Aá ¤±%½ ªM qd¦« hB%T{¿á BM ¥ÄB%§A ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
/¹Aod§A o¼UTM
[ 827 ] ( ZÖqªÒ §A )
/ (ì)éIB%§A ¬BµoL§A »@
ã BªA »wnBm§A
ã >Bñ§BM òq« Joí«
Ø , oª§A
Ø p±¦§A o\{ :cTm§BM
[ 828 ] ( ¬BD ÒjÖq«Ò )
/ ¬B£js« Joí«
Ø , ¬BTv´P jÀM « :W§BX§A° ¤°Ñ¿A cTmM
(7)

/(x±jo« ) 198ê.ê é?B ¬BµoM (1


/(©¼ª§A ¥~8 @¼z§A JBM ) 287.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
k{BM ºA³í¦ ¨B‾ ³H SwA [‾o« »®í« ° ¬p° oM »wnB8 bBH BM :¤B (¡‾o« ) 199ì.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/ ¬BTw°k®µ pA
/©½o½ ¨An @« ¥í)« ©½o« :°oªî±MÑA ¤B :¤B (¾Ao§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 19ê0.ë bBd~§A (ê
¬BÇñ§ ©½oǽ ¨An @Ç« ÓB=Tz« ¬BH ±§° , »ª\îÑ
ã A ©¦î :©½o« :¤B ê9.1 @ªeo§A ³M @Ø «Ò B« ¾À«Aá : }e¿ (ë
/¾B¼§A ¬±ñvM Bª½o«
g¦ÇU ¨AjBÇM Sinj »wnBÇ8 bBH ° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (òq« ) 2001.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
/k{BM <Zq«> ¬C Joí« Ø ° , SwA
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( t oÚ vÒ ª§A
Ô ) .©¼ª§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 291

/oµBp ±µ°
[ 829 ] ( toÚ vÒ ªÔ §A )
/o¼iÑ¿A « Joí«
Ø , od~ª§A « pozª§A
(1)
Ø :©ÚxíªA
/ ²pAo¼{ Joí«
Ø ,¹wAo¼v§A « u½ovT§A ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA »UL®½°
[ 830 ] ( ÏvÖ ªß §A )
¨B\ÇîAá ° ÓB6ǽÑA cTm§BÇM °ÑA ©6§BÇM (ê)Ïz«Ô (3)Joí«
Ø , >°oíª§A K¼G§A Amµ :ovñ§BM
(2)

/¼z§A
[ 831 ] ( vÒ ªÒ §A )
/ (ì)¬Bv@ omh« vJ Joí«
Ø ,²±d‾° o¼v§A ³M jkd½
(ë)
Ø o\e :ϽodT§BM
[ 832 ] Ö ªß §A )
( nA±Ò z
/ciA° ±µ° , (7)nA±hz‾ Joí«
Ø ,B´m¦î « ¹MAk§A S%MÑA B« :ovñ§BM
[ 833 ]
ã ÒM~Ö ªÒ §A )
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°ÑA , (10)¥¼ÇP BªÇA »Ç«°n
ã ±µ° / (9)»\®=v«
ã Joí«
Ø , nk®A »ªv½ kP° ,Œªæ :cTm§BM
(8)

/ (¬Bjs«) 2003 |° , SwA ¬C cæA° Ø , Svµ ©µ »wnB8 ºA ã p BM ° , ¬BTv´ nj SwA ºo´{


/(@¼v§A ¥~8 @¼v§A JBM ) 221.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1
/(©¼ª§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 318.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
/ Joí«
Ø »wnB8
ã K¼a§A @« Ïvª§A :¤B (©¼ª§A ¥~8 bBñ§A JBM ) 1ì08.ê bBd~§A (3
/ < Ïz«ß > ¹Ã¼´M ¹¼wnB)§A »8
ã ¹ª¦ñ§A SvLTA° :¤B (Ïv« ) 12ê . ¹Ø½kH ¿ Ñ A RBª¦ñ§A ©\í« (ê
/(¬±®§A° @¼v§A JBM ) 197.7 @¼í§A JBTH (ë
/(@v8 ) 1ê89.3 é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(@¼z§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) ìë.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (7
/(nk®H ) 170ë.3 é?B ¬BµoM (8
»Ç«°n S;§ ³ÇM »‾BTdÇU° ©¼Ç]° ¬±Ç‾° »aÇe ºB? BM :¤B ( »\®av« ã ) 2009.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (9
/k®‾A±i B¼H »‾B½ow ³M ° »«°n nk®H »wnB8 ³M ³H SwA »;ªæ ¬C° , k®½±£ An »ña~«
/ »«°o§A
ã Ϧí§A : »ña~ª§A
ã :¤B (Bª´í« ¾Ba§A° jB~§A° bBñ§A JBM ) 303.ë @¼í§A JBTH (10
292 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¹¦§A é½kM .( ¬AoÖÒ \«Ò )

/ »‾B‾±½
ã ±µ° (1)Bh=~« Joí«
Ø
[ 83ê ] ºnB~®§A
× ( ¬AoÒ ÖM«Ò )
¥]n ³‾Aá : (3)éª\ª§A »@°
ã /èd« »MoíM
ã u¼§ : (2)t±«B%§A »@
ã ¤BP /©µo¼Lñ§ :ovñÔ½°
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ã éP° kP° , ºnB~®§A
× ¾Bª¦î « ³®¼íM
/oiпA Joí«
Ø ,¼GL6§A keA° »«°n
Øã ³‾ÑA oµBx§A :¤±.ÑA
[ 83ë ] ( ¸o´Ò ÖMªÒß §A )

Ø ³Ø‾ÑA oµBx§A° , ³M o´GT½ ¾B‾Aá :cTm§A° ovñ§BM


/j±¦\§A « ¥ªí½ q½oM¿á A : (ë)²nBT« Joí« (ê)

/ZnBGÇ« °ÑA ²nBG« ¤B%½ ¬ÑA o´pÑ¿A ¬Bñ§ ¿Ø Aá ° Joí§A um¦§ ¹LwB®ª§A ¹´] « K½oíT§A Amµ°
/¸o´G« « ÓBª\í« ²nBT« ¬±ñ½ ¬ÑA ¥ªTd½°
[ 83ì ] ( u¼Mß ®Ò Ö ªÒ §A )
¼U§BM Ø¥ñ§A° ,ovñ§BM u¼UB®M« (ì)Joí«
Ø ,k½kd§A Jm\½ o\e :cTm§BM u¼IB®Uª§A°
/ (7)¬BµoL§A »@
ã ³§BP ;>B%§BM ³‾ÑA n±´zª§A ¬ÑA ¿Aá
[ 837 ] ( [Ö®ªÒ §A )
/ ¡®M (9)Joí«
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ã o¼XA ³¦X«° ,¨Bª{¿á BA °A±§A° ¾B¼§A ¼M ϧl ¥X« »@
»@
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Ø ,}§Bh§A ¾B¼§BM p°o¼®§A
â ¬ÑA q¼%dT§B@
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Ø A ¤°ÑØ ¿A° /p°n±‾ Joí«
Ø p°o¼®§A :¤BP W¼e t±«B%§A
(1)

/¼Ã¼{ ¼M o«Ñ¿A n°k½ jn±« ¥A »@ ã miÑ¿BM »§°ÑA K½oíT§A


/¨±½ ¥A (2)B‾°pÔ oß ¼Ö ‾Ò : c
defg »¦î ¤BP Am§ ° o¼UT§A ¨kí§ ;JoíªM u¼¦@ p°n±®§A B«ÑA°

[ 87ê ] ( [¦Ò ¼Ö ®ß §A )
/ (3)³¦¼‾ Joí«
Ø ,¥¼®§A ¸nB~î
[ 87ë ] ( oÒ±¦Ô ¼Ö ®Ò §A )
oQ±¦Ç¼§° ¥Q±¦Ç¼§° oQ¥¼Ç‾° om¦¼Ç‾° ¥Q±¦
Ò ¼Ç‾°
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(ê)
Ø ,cTm§BM
/¹Pnq§A »@
ã ¥¼®§A hn° ³Lz½ ³Pn° ¬ÑA ²B®í«° ,ÎoQ±¦¼‾°
[ 87ì ] ( º±Ò
× ®¼Ö ‾ß )
/ (ë)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ; c
defg u‾±¼§ ¥æ±ª§BM ¹½oP° ,¹@±ñ§BM éi±« :³§°ÑØ A ovñM

/Bª½kP
Ó ¥æ±ª¦§ »wnB@
ã ©wA
Õ ³‾ÑA KTñ§A « ¹¦ª] »@°
ã

/(¬±®§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A JBM ) 19ê.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (1


Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A° 300.1 ³¼=)§A ²oqd½ ¿ @« :}e¿° /¨±½ ¥H Ú B‾p°n±‾ A±¦í]A : ºE
ã , o«Ñ¿A ¹;¼~M (2
/ 19ê.2
JoíÇ«
Ø <[¦¼‾> ° , k®½±£ An ¥¼‾ ¶joz8 ° ²nB~î , ³¦¼e ¬p° oM :¤B (³¦¼‾ ) 2232.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/ SwA ¬C
(oQ±¦Ç¼§
Ò ) 1921.3° (¥8±¦¼Ç‾ )° (¥Q±¦¼Ç‾ )° (oQ±¦¼Ç‾ )° (oQ±¦¼Ç‾ ) 2232.ê é?BÇ=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
k{BÇM »¦Ç£ ¬C° , SwA o8±¦¼Ç‾ »®íÇ« ° ¬p° oM »wnB8 ºBM BM :(oQ±¦¼‾ ) ¸jB« »8 ã ¤B /(¥Q±¦¼§ )°
/ b°oí«
@«° , ³M éÒ®~Ô½ ºm§A±µ°
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Ø ¿A »8
ã ¤B°
Y¼dÇ« ) @¼eB®Ç\§A ¹„±L~Ç« B´Ç‾FH ¹Çn±§A ¬Ñ¿ ; ¥¼®M cÚ®\Ò «Ô :¥¼ ³‾Fñ8 /bB®\§A ©wA ±µ° , <oQ>
/(Y¼dª§A
/(¬±®§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 27ê.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
30ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( º±
× Ò®Ö¼‾ß )

Ç« ¾»{
ã »%M
ã kP° Joi ¥æ±ª§A ¹®½k« ¥MB%« ¬BA ©½kP k¦M ³‾ÑA ©\íª§A o~Th« »@°
ã
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defg u‾±½ ¨±P ¬BA ³M° ,²nBYÐA

/»´T‾A / c
defg (2)¼vd§A B´M ¥TP »T§A
ã ÀMoA B´®« ¥MBM çnÑBM S‾BA ¸n±A :º±®¼‾°
»ª%¦í§A
ã »¦î ¹½oP º±®¼‾ ¬Aá :jB½p M k¼ªe ¹ª]oU »@
ã ¹æÀh§A »@
(3)
ã wxyz{ ¹«Àí§A ¤BP°

/»´T‾A /oÄBd§A K‾B] »§Aá


…LÇi Amǵ° ,>mdǽ kÇP° ¾Bǽ ²oÇiÐA »Ç@°
ã W§BX§A ©i° ¤°ÑØ ¿A ovñM º±Ô
ã ®¼‾ß Joí«
Ø
<º±Ç‾>° k¦L§A :<³‾> ,<º±‾ ³‾> ¥æÑ¿A :¤B%½ ¬ÑA ñ«Ñ¿ Amµ c~½ ©§ ±§° / (ê)¼‾BµoL§A
/¥ªTd« BµoXAÑA ¬Bíª§

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ã ³®î ¥=‾ (1
/339.ë ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (2
/129 : ¤A±Ñ¿A ¹æÀi (3
/(º±®¼‾ ) 2237.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
°A±§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 877 ] ( nB]A
Ò ±Ò §A )
/»®p »@
ã B« »¦î nApBM Joí«
(1)
Ø ,h±v§A
[ 878 ] ( PA±Ò §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ; ÎA° Joí«
(3)
Ø , hnpÑA oÄBI
(2)

[ 879 ] ( yÒM±Ò §A )
/ (ê)t±«B%§A »@
ã AmA ;¹¦mv§A :xBM°Ñ¿A keA° ϽodT§BM
/¸qª´§A ©6M xBMÔA Joí«
Ø yM° ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
Ø BÇ« »¦Çî ;²B®íªÇM ÓB6ǽÑA ±Çµ ¥ÇM ,<yM°> ǧ ÓBíª] u¼§ xBM°ÔA°
èíÇM ³ÇM boÇæ
/ (ë)kªí§A
[ 880 ] ( [Ö®wÒ ±Ò §A )
/³M bo~«
Ø ±µ° ; ¡®wÒ °Ò ,Joí«
(ì)
Ø RBL‾ :ϽodT§BM

/k®½±£»« <!±w> ¬BMoî ³H SwA nApBM »®í« ° ¬p° oM :¤B (nB]A°) 22êê.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/(!A° ) 189.ì »]±§°°q§A
ã ©\íª§A (2
/(ÎA° ) 22ë1.ê é?B ¬BµoM (3
/(°A±§A ¥~8 @¼z§A JBM ) 291.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(xBM°A) 181 ° (xBMÔA ) 7ì.1 é?B ¬BµoM (ë
/(¡®w° ) 2282.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ì
308 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( c{Ö ±§A
Ò )

[ 881 ] ( c{Ö ±Ò §A )
/ (2)q{ÑA ³L½oíU »@
ã ¤B%½ kP° ;©6§BM Ï Ö{°Ô Joí«
(1)
Ø ,Œªæ :u¦mA
[ 882 ] ( ¬B®{ÔÖ ±Òß §A )
Ò Bª´®pÑA° /©6§BM ¬B®{¿ÔÑ A :¹XئX«
/²B®íªw kP° , (ê)ovñ§BM Ç ¬B® Ö{Aß »Ö ã Moí« (3)

[ 883 ] ( PØ ±Ò §A )
/ (ì)kªí§A èíM boæ
Ø K½oíT§BM° /²B®íªw B« »¦î <ÏÒM> ¤B%½° , Î°Ò Joí«
(ë)
Ø ,tkm6§A
[ 88ê ] ( jo\ß w¿
Ö °Ò )
¬Akªµ ¼M ¹½oP :¹¦ª´« ¤Aj ²oiÐA° ¾Ao§A ¬±ñw° ©¼\§A ovA° ¼v§A ¬±ñw° °A±§A cTmM
/²B®íªw kP° , jo¢{¿° Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA / ¼v¼«oP°
(7)

[ 88ë ] ( [Ò‾±Ò §A )
/ (8)³‾° Joí«
Ø ,ov®M ¹½oP :¹Aod«
[ 88ì ] ( 1µÖÒ ±Ò §A )
¡®Çµ°ß (9)Joí« ,¬Bv‾¿
á A° ¹MAk§A ³M miÆT@ ¹I±z‾ÑA »@
ã »«o½ ¥Ld§A :ñv½° ¹A od«
Ø Ú
/³¼LzT§A JBM « ±´@ ,¹%¦d§BA Kzh§A ³¦æÑA° ,¤°Ñ¿A ovñM

/(ð{°) 228ë.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A »8 ã ϧmM boæØ (1


228ë.ê ° SwA ¾Bǵ BÇM <³{A> Joí«
Ø ° , k®½±£ q¼‾ ©¼] ³M [{E :¤B (x{E ) 139.1 é?B ¬BµoM (2
/k®‾A±i < x{E > »Moî ³M ° , SwA <[{°> ¬C Joí« Ø :¤B (Ï{°) Ô
/(°A±§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 27ë.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (3
/¬B®{EÔ ¹¼wnB)§BM ³¦æE < ¬B®{ÔA > :12ë. Joíª§A
Ø »8 ã ¤B (ê
‚k)Çk »Moî ³M ° k®½±£»« An !p° »‾BY ¬±ñw° ¤°A cT8 ³M :¤B (° ) 2289.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
/k{BM <!°> ¬C Joí« Ø ° , k®‾A±i
/(ΰ) 2290.ê é?B ¬BµoM (ì
/(joñ{¿° )° (jo\{¿° ) »U ã jØ B« 383.ë ¬Ak¦L§A ©\í« (7
/(°A±§A ¥~8 ©¼\§A JBM ) 211.1 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã ϧmM boæ Ø (8
/ (¡®µ° ) 229ë.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° (°A±§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 290.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (9
¾B´§A JBM
K¼UoT§BM B´X¦X½ B«° B´¼®X½ B«°

[ 887 ] ( ©Äß B´Ò §A )


/K¦P ©¼\íU ±´@ uñí§A ñª½° ,K¦P K½oíU ±´@ , »«Bµ Joí«
Ø , o¼dTª§A
(1)

[ 888 ] ( p±«Ô nB´Ò §A )


/ (3)u«oµ ¤B%½° , q«oµ Joí«
Ø , ©\í§A ᦫ « o¼Lñ§A
(2)

/³¼Ø ªß wÒ »§Aá °ÑA ³¼§Aá J±v®« ¬BTwp±i jÀM « <q«o´«An> ¥í§°


/²o%«
Ø ºÑã A q«oµ ¨AnÐA ³¦æÑA°
[ 889 ] ( ¬°Ô B´§A )
/cTm§BM ¬°Bµ
Ò
(ê) BMoí« ,³¼@ hk½ ºm§A B´îBL{BM ¬°°B´§A° ,°A±§A ©6M
×Ø ã á
[ 890 ] ( ZAkØ ´Ò §A )
[ 891 ] ( [‾kÒ ´Ò §A ) :¤B%½° /to@ :¬BTØ ÒñA
/é½ov§A »®íªM Ç »‾BX§A°
ã ¤°ÑØ ¿A cTmM Ç (ë)¡‾kÒ µÒ Joí«
Ø

/(»«Bµ) 2312.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /(¾B¼§A° ©¼ª§A° ¾B´§A JBM ) 101.3 @¼í§A JBTH (1
/(¾B´§A ¥~8 ºA ã q§A JBM ) 19ì.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (2
RBǽA°n nj :¤BÇ (u«oǵ) 2271.ì @¼íÇ« ¡®µo8 :oF‾A° /(u«oµ) 232ë.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/é]Ao8 , ²oiC »§Aá ///SwA ²k{ ³T)£ @U ³w ³M »«ÀwA
/ ¬°°Bµ ³¦æÑA ¬BH° Joí«
Ø , ³¼8 !k½ ºm§A
ã :¬°B´§A :¤B (¾B´§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A JBM ) 2218.ì bBd~§A (ê
/1ë9 . ¹Moíª§A
Ú ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ³L½oíTM boæ
Ø k°
/(¡‾kµ)° ([‾kµ) 231ì.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ë
310 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( kµÔ kÖ ´Ô §A )

[ 892 ] ( kÔµkÖ ´Ô §A )
/o¼U~T§BM (1)ÎkÒ MÔ kÖ MÔ ¤B%½° ,¹«±ª6ª§A ¾BL§BM kMÔ kMÔ Joí«
Ø ,>°oí« oÄBI :©6§BM
¾BªwÑA « ÓAo¼XA ¬A »¦î ¤k½ ϧl° ,n±¼G§A ¾BªwÑA « o¼XñA³U±æ « ¸l±iÑB« ¹¼ªvT§A°
/éi° kªíU »§Aá ZBTdU ¿ ¾B¼{Ñ¿A
»@
ã B´¦X«° ©\í§A ¹U§ »@
ã Bµ±d‾° ³§³§° ³Q³Q° BABA° AjAj° ³‾³‾° B«B«° BMBM ¥X« ¬ÑA pÑ
Ø A°
/RBU¦§A ©Ø¦íU ¥LP ¬B¼L~§A RA±æÑA « ¸l±iÑB« RBU¦§A o½Bw
[ 893 ] ( mMß oÖ ´§A
ß )
¤B%ǽ° ,¹¦ª´ª§BÇM (3)kMÒ oÇµß (2)Joí«
Ø ,nB®§A S¼M ¨jBi :¹ª\í« ¤Al ²oiÐA »@°
ã ,Zoß MÖ qA
ß
/ÓB6½ÑA (ê)kMo¼µ
[ 89ê ] ( »D°Ô
× poÔÖ µ )
ºÑã A ²BÇ£ ²poµ Joí«
Ø , »P°
(ë)
× nÔ qÖ µÔ ¤B%¼@ , ºAq§A
ã ¨k%½ kP° ,uLd¦§ ©wA :¸n±~%« ©6§BM
/º°ÑBª§A <²B£>° ,jBvm§A ¥µÑA :<²poµ> jBvm§A ¥µÑA ¨B%«
[ 89ë ] ( ¬BªÔ^oÖ ´Ô §A )
¤B%ǽ kÇP° ,cTm§BÇM ¬BªUoÇÇµÒ JoíÇ«
Ø , ¹G®Çd§A° o¼íÇz§A ¼M …w±T« Ke :©6§BM
(ì)

/ ¬BªUo( Joí«
Ø ±µ° , ¬BªIoP
(7)

³ÇH k®½±Ç£ An ¬Bª¼¦Çw ïoÇ« : ð¦L¦ÇM ¬p° oM k\MA ¤Aj ° BM BM :¤B (ÎkMÔ kÖ MÔ ) 2ê2.1 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (1
/ k{BM <kµkµ>
, nB®§A ¨ki ©µ° t±\ª§A ¸mMAoµ keA° : ovñ§BM mMo´§A :¤B (¾B´§A ¥~8 ¤Am§A JBM ) ë73.2 bBd~§A (2
/Joí«
Ø »wnB8
ã
/(kMoµ) 2320.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (3
/(kMo¼µ) 2ê0ë.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A (ê
/uLdǦ§ ©ÇwA :¸n±~=« ©q§BM , »°poµ :¤B (¾B´§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 291.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ë
/G¼d~U ¿ , »°poµ »8 ã ¹;§ , uLd¦§ : »°nqµ°
/ (¬Bª?o) 1ë2ë.3 é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /(¾B´§A ¥~8 ©¼ª§A JBM ) 189.ê Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ì
/<¬B«°jÔ oÖ µÒ > Joí«
Ú ³‾E 18ê .¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« »8° ã /©\íª§A Amµ @« ¬Bª?o é]An (7
( tB«oÖ ´§A
ß ) .¾B´§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 311

[ 89ì ] ( tB«oÖ ´§A


ß )
, ¬kAoñ§A° t±«B\§A :u¼«o´§A AmA° /oª®§A k§°° , ºjBí§A
ã
(1) k½kz§A kwÑ¿A :ovñ§BM

/²o¼Š° ¬BG¼z§A « ¥ñz§A c¼L%§A ²B®í«° ,cTm§BM tB«oµÒ RBMoí« B´¦A


[ 897 ] ( ¬Bz]Ò nA×
Ö q´§A
ß )
/tAnl o§ÑA ºÑã A (3)¬Bz( nAqµ Joí«
Ø ³‾Ø ¿Ñ ;³§±G§ ³M »ã ªw
Ø , ºØ ã oL§A
Ø hBG§A ³‾Aá :¥¼P° / ¾A°j
(2)

[ 898 ] ( oÖMqÒ ´§A


ß )
ºAs§BÇM
ã
(ë) oMsǵ JoíÇ« , (ê) K¦Ç~§A k½kÇz§A u¼¦U§A kwÑ¿A :…MÀî° ©µnj° ¥dLvA
Ò Ô Ø ß Ô Ò Öß Ö Ò ß
/ »wnBm§A
ã
[ 899 ] ( 1ÒT!Ö ´Ò §A )
/oµBp ±µ° , (ì)³TZµ Joí« Ô
Ø ,t±Lw¿Ñ A :cTm§BM
[ 900 ] ( ¬B¼ªÖ ´§A ß )
ã kz½ ¹%m®§A u¼A° ¹Ò%ÒGÖ®ªß §A :ovñ§BM
/…w±§A »@
/ (9)¬B¼«Bµ ¤B%½° ,Ç (8)cTm§BM Ç ¬B¼ªÖ µÒ (7)Joí«
Ø ,¸o~§A
Ø ±µ°

/(tB«o´§A) 1ì7.ì »]±§°°q§A


ã ©\íª§A (1
/(¬Bz]nAqµ) 2333.ê é?B=§A ¬BµoL§A :oF‾A° /298.1 B®¼w @M¿ ¬±‾B=§A (2
/< ¬BzeÒ nAqµ> K½oíU ¬BTv]Ò nAÖ q´Ò §A :1ë7. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A »8 ã ¤B @ñ§° (3
/(¾B´§A ¥~8 ¾Ao§A JBM ) 1ì1.2 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A (ê
/(oMÖ qÒ µß ) 18ê. ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A
Ø ©\í« (ë
/(¾B´§A ¥~8 bB=§A JBM ) 291.3 Y¼dª§A t±«B=§A »8 ã ϧmM boæØ (ì
¤B=ǽ° , ¬B¼ªµ ¹=a®ª¦§ ¥¼° , ¹ñT§A : ¬B¼ª´§A :¤B (¾B´§A ¥~8 ¬±®§A boe) ê37.13 Joí§A ¬Bv§ (7
»8
ã ³L½oíTM boæÚ k° / Joí«
Ø ¥¼ij ¬B¼ª´§A° :¤B /¬B¼ªµ:Yw±§A »¦î kz½° ¹=)®§A ³¼8 ¥í\½ ºm¦§ ã
/1ë8 . ¹Moíª§A
Ú ¹¼wnB)§A B)§Ñ¿A
/(¬B¼ªµ) 18ë. ¹Moíª§A ¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A Ø ©\í« (8
/(¬B¼«Bµ) 2312.ê é?B ¬BµoM (9
312 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( [½ nBz
ß ªÖ µÒ )

[ 901 ] ( [½nBz
ß ªÖ µÒ )
/ (1)ºo´{
ã ©µ ³¦æÑA° , ºnBzªµ Joí« ,²k¦M ¥µÑA ¥]o§A
Ø
ß îÖ ÒÑA > :³§ VnA° ¿ ª¼Ç@ c
…Ç defg »¦Çî
ã W½kÇe ³®Ç«° : ½odÇL§A éª\Ç« »Ç@
(2)
ã ¤BÇÇP
/ (3)<³\½
Ò nB
ß zÒ ªÖ µÒ
[ 902 ] ( tAkÖ®´§A
ß )
Ø ³Ø‾ÑA °ÑA ,¹wkÖ®´Ò §A qT{A ³®«° , pAk‾ÒA Joí«
A°ovA Bª‾Aá ° :¥¼P / (ë)²pAkÖ‾AÒ Joí« Ø :ovñ§BM
(ê)

/³§°ÑA
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Ø ;b±Tm« »wnBm§A
ã »@°
ã
S§kMÑBÇ@ ,omdÇÔU W¼Çe »®%§A ºnB\«
ã Ø ³Ø‾ÑA t±«B%§A »@°
nk%« ³‾Ñ¿ ; pAk‾A JÐA Joí« ã
(7)

/ ºAp
ã ²kíM ¤Aj ©´§ u¼§ ³‾Ñ¿ ; ºAq§A
ã
/³®« »®íª§A ¨BªU ¸jAnBá M o¼iÑ¿A ¾q\§A »@
ã éP° Bª‾Aá K½oíT§A ¬ÑA oµBx§A°
[ 903 ] ( Z Òj±Ö ´Ò §A )
pB´Ç] »®íªÇM (9)k½±Ç
Ò µÔ °ÑA ²j±µ Joí«
Ø ³®pÑA /o¼íL§A »¦î kz½
Ø (8)¾Bv®¦§ KAo« :cTm§BM
/¹¦eAo§A

/(ºo´Ö zÒ ªÖ µÒ ) 18ë .¹¼wnB)§A RBMoíª§A Ø ©\í« (1


/(yªµ) ê3ë.ê @½odL§A éª\« (2
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29 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹U¦§A ¹xm§ hB%T{A
30 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / RAnBLTî¿á A o¦ThªM RBU¦§A ¨BvPE
33 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / B´íiA°° ¹U¦§A éi°
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37 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / éi±§A tA±‾E
38 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / K½oíT§A »@
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99 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾BL§A JBM
322 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹¦§A é½kM .( UªÖÒ ¦Ò¼§A )

122 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾BT§A JBM


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132 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ©¼\§A JBM
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173 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¤Am§A JBM
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179 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ºAq§A
ã JBM
187 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¼v§A JBM
20ë / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /¼z§A JBM
213 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / jB~§A JBM
220 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / jB6§A JBM
221 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾BG§A JBM
232 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾Bx§A JBM
233 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¼í§A JBM
237 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¼U§A JBM
239 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾Bm§A JBM
2ë2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / >B%§A JBM
270 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / >Bñ§A JBM
28ê / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¨À§A JBM
297 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ©¼ª§A JBM
299 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¬±®§A JBM
( UªÖÒ ¦Ò¼§A ) .¾B¼§A JBM / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 323

307 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / °A±§A JBM


309 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾B´§A JBM
313 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¾B¼§A JBM
31ë / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹YÀY ¤±~@ »@
ã JBTñ§A ¹ªUBi
31ì / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ©\í§A •Bm§ÑA « Joí§A ³T¦ªíTwA Bª¼@ ¤°Ñ¿A ¥~m§A
317 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Joí§A •Bm§ÑA « ©\í§A ³T¦ªíTwA Bª¼@ »‾BX§A
ã ¥~m§A
318 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ¹ª\í§A « >o~§A 鮫 »@
ã oLTí½ Bª¼@ W§BX§A ¥~m§A
321 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / JBTñ§A to´@

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