FEMALE: GYNECOLOGY

VULVA/ PUDENDA- Covering external genitalia

Pudenda- same with male

INTROITUS- opening of vagina

EXTERNAL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

 MONS PUBIS/ VENERIS

 RW: Mt. Venus
 Pad of fatty tissue lies over symphysis pubis covered with skin at puberty covered by pubic hair that serves as cushion
or protection to symphysis pubis.
 LABIA MAJORA
 “Large lips”
 Longitudinal fold from symphysis pubis to perineum.
 LABIA MINORA
 “Small lips”
 2” before menstruation
o CLITORIS
 GW: Key
 Anteriorly; pea shaped
 Erectile tissue w/ many nerve endings
 Site of sexual arousal in female
o FOURCHETTE
 Joined minora and majora
 Torn during vaginal delivery
 Site of episiotomy
*SQUAT*
 VESTIBULE
 Almond shape inside the labia that contains: *6 Openings*
 Urinary meatus
 Opening of urethra for urination
 Skene’s gland (Pair)
 Opening below urinary meatus
 Called as “Paraurethral gland”
 2 mucous secreting substance for lubrication
 Hymen
 Membranous tissue that covers vaginal orifice
 Carumculae Mystiformes- healing of hymen
 Vaginal orifice
 External opening of vagina beside vaginal orifice
 Bartholene’s glan (Vulvovagina glands)
 Beside vaginal orifice
 Secreted alkaline fluid helps in coitus and for sperm survival.
 Lubricant
o DOBERLEIN’S BACILLUS
 Maintains acidity of vagina prevents bacteria that kill sperm.
 Health teaching:
Don’t use douches daily
Menopause women prone to vaginal infections.
 pH closer to 7.5 (Alkaline)
VULVOVAGINITIS
 PERINEUM
 Muscular structure between lower vagina and anus.

INTERNAL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

 VAGINA
 Female organ for copulation
 Passageway of menstruation and fetus
 3”-4” or 8-10cm of dilatable canal
 Contains rugae.
 Stretched during vaginal delivery
 CERVIX
 Between vagina and uterus
 Has fornices
 2-5cm long
*Fornix- Rectum (can be palpated)
 UTERUS
 Hallow, thick walled muscular organ
 Organ of menstruation
 Size: 1x2x3”
 Child: Olive size starts to develop at 8yrs old
 Shape:
Non pregnant: pear shaped/ inverted avocado
Pregnant: Ovoid
 Weight:
o Non pregnant: 50-60 g
o Pregnant: 1000 g
o 4th stage of labor: 1000g
o 2 W after delivery 500g
o 3W after delivery 300 g
o 5-6W after delivery 50-60g
 9cm long 6cm wide 3cm thick after delivery
 INVOLUTION
Return after non pregnancy state
 SUBINVOLUTION
Delayed of return of uterus to non-pregnant state
 FUNCTIONS:
o Receive ovum from fallopian tube
o Place for implantation
o Place for fetus
o Protection of fetus
 THREE PARTS OF UTERUS
 Body/ Corpus
 Upper triangular layer
 Fundus is located
 Isthmus
 Between body and cervix
 Cut in CS
  Cervix
 Lower cylindrical layer
 2-5cm long
 Central cavity- Cervical canal- menstruation (peak of estrogen- 700ml)
 Endocervix- ined with cells that make mucus.

THREE MAIN MUSCLE LAYERS

1. ENDOMETRIUM
 Inner lining/layer
 Lies a nonpregnant uterus
 Muscle layer of menstruation
 Sloughs off during menstruation
2. MYOMETRIUM
 Largest part
 Power of labor; muscle layer for delivery
 Cervical hose open; close: contraction
 Myoma- benign fibroid (leiomyoma)
3. PERIMETRIUM
 Protects entire uterus
 OVARIES
 4cm long 2cm wide 1.5cm thick
 Almond shape
 Function:
 Ovulation
 Production of hormones
 FALLOPIAN TUBE
 10cm long hallow tunnel in mature woman
 Function:
 Passageway of sperm fr uterus to ampulla
 Passageway of mature ovum or fertilized ovum fr ampulla to uterus

FOUR SIGNIFICANT AEGMMENTS

a) INFUNDIBULUM
 Trumpet shape
 Finger like projection:pushes egg cell
b) AMPULLA
 Longest part of FT
 Egg and sperm meet 5cm
 Ectopic pregnancy or fertilization
c) ISTHMUS
 2cm long interstitial tube (narrow tube)
 Cut/ ligation
d) INTERSTITIAL
 1cm long 1mm diameter
 Most dangerous part for ectopic pregnancy