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PHYSICS 10 Course Notes
January 17, 2019
Diagnostic Features of Science
To distinguish science from other ‘ways
of knowing’
The interpretation given to a
phenomenon may be evaluated according to:
REPEATABILITY
If the interpretation can be sought again
and again
*Preferably by independent
investigations, and
*the interpretation is confirmed or
discarded by means of novel analysis and
experimentation
novel as in new experimentation
ECONOMY
If the interpretation can be presented in
a manner that is both simplest and most
pleasing
*yielding the largest amount of
information with the least amount of effort
OCCAM’S RAZOR—‘LAW OF PARSIMONY’
William of Ockham
Parsimony—being thrifty or frugal
“Entities are not to be multiplied beyond
necessities”
We should tend to believe the simpler
theories”
Loosely… “The simplest answer is usually the
correct answer”
MENSURATION
If the interpretation of the phenomenon
can be properly tested and measured using
universally accepted scales
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*generalizations are rendered
unambiguous
* “Experimental observation is the
ultimate judge of the truth of a concept.”
-Richard Feynman
*there is always uncertainty in the
measurement
SHOWER CURTAIN EFFECT
used to describe the observation how
nearby phase front distortions of an optical wave
are more severe than remote distortions of the
same amplitude.
Panda.jpg
HEURISTICS
The best science stimulates further
discovery
*one that often leans to unpredictable
new directions, and
*provides additional test of the original
principles/discoveries
does not dictate whether sth is
scientific, but is usually observed in scientific
things
new way/method of studying things
CONSILIENCE
If the interpretation is consistent with
those from other disciplines
*convergence of evidence
*can be connected and proved
consistent with one another
Caveats
Cautions in the interpretation of
scientific claims
people’s response and attitude
ALIEN CAT THOUGHT EXPERIMENT
Your friend claimed he has an encounter with
an alien cat.
He even showed a photographic proof of this
encounter
The information was shared through the eyes,
information that describes the inner workings
of the universe, including the ‘big bang.’
Being trained in the art of distinguishing
science from other ways of knowing
• Evaluate his claim
• Explain why such claims persist
Measurability—picture, the claim is
disproved. The picture only describes, and
showing a picture does not produce
something measurable
Repeatability- the encounter cannot
be repeated, scrutinize the repeated
encounters (if there can be repeated
encounters)
Consilience-does not conform with
mode of transfer of data
‘does not conform with the generally
accepted mode of transfer of information’
Economy-the claim is short but not
economical, sparse detail/doesn’t provide
supports to the claim
Heuristics-yes. Does not help you
how to proceed however,
Make your own conclusion
January 22, 2019 Tuesday
CONTINUATION ON CAVEATS…
GUIDELINES/EXAMPLES ON CAVEATS
1. How many proofs does one need to
believe? Or not to believe?
a. Quality of proof than quantity
2. What keeps people from seeing the
facts?
a. Lacks problem solving skills
b. Peer pressure

c. Terrified by implications
3. How do you keep so many people
quiet?/ Why is nobody blowing the whistle?
a. Threat of losing hob/life/reputation
b. Fear of retaliation
c. Organization is too big and
compartmentalized
i. Only a few can see the big picture
ii. Bound be secrecy/confidentiality
agreement
d. Take note: personality of the person
comes before the actual peron
4. Who is the expert?
a. Expertise that is evident on one’s peer-
reviewed publications on a topic (track
record is important)
b. Not simply having a background on the
topic
5. A scientific research solves a specific
problem
a. Experimental control
b. Interpretation should be limited to
ideas that are supported by
experimental observations
c. Models are sensitive to scaling
6. People get upset when you start
deconstructing their beliefs
a. Shaking their icons/leaders/symbols
b. Turfing—‘this is our turf’
7. It takes a long time, a generation, to
change a mindset
a. People want to be on the ‘intellectual’
side, they want to be on the side that’s
laughing not on the side that is being
laughed at
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b. Note to self: laughing is not a sign of What is Physics?
intelligence QUICK DEFINITIONS
Study of matter and energy
8. Quality of source Chronologically,
a. Primary source Study of matter and its motion
b. Integrity of data and evidence (mechanics)
Greek word: ‘Physika’ which means
9. Pick your battles ‘natural things’
a. Some issues are mainly cultural and Study of the properties and interactions
part of a belief system (scotoma— of natural things
minds see what it chooses to see)
b. Some people are unreachable (people Alternative definition
who announce in advance their Study of frontiers (as in frontier of
position before any discussion) knowledge)
c. Focused vs complex issues
Examples of frontiers
10. Do your own investigation High-energy physics and zero time
a. Answer first ‘what happened?’ before Complexity—emerging science, around
how, who, or why 10 years old, cannot be predicted by current
b. Know what you know, know what you physics models
don’t know, and never confuse the two Life
c. Trust in your own research
Review: Scientific Method and Scientific
11. Endless pit Enterprise
a. You thought you know everything SCIENTIFIC METHOD
about a topic, beaten to a pulp Make a hypothesis
b. Always in the making but never made Test Hypothesis
c. Humility comes with wisdom Compare the hypothesis with
experiment or direct observation to see if it
January 24, 2019 Thursday works
If hypothesis disagrees with
experiment or observation, it is wrong
Reciprocity
(this simple statement is the key to
science)
CAVEATS Identify a problem
Why do people still believe in UFOs? Make an educated guess/hypothesis
Guideline #6
Guideline #8 RICHARD FEYNMAN:
Guideline #1 “It does NOT make any difference how
beautiful your guess is, or how smart you are,
who made the guess, or what his name is—if

hypothesis disagrees with experiment, it is
wrong”
HOW THE SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE
WORKS
Last step: Reporting
What do you do when you have a
scientific discovery… that no one has known
before?
WHAT IS A SCIENTIST/RESEARCHER?
A researcher with a track record in a specific
field
A person who publishes in international peer-
reviewed journals
Peer-reviewed publication
You will be asked for a citation
Name, title, journal, page and year
Publication process: online
1. At start, researchers are the authors
2. They’ll send their text to the journal
editors
3. The editors will dispatch it to two
reviewers who are experts in the
field
4. After one to two weeks, the response
will go to the editor (reject, revise or
accept)
5. The response will go to the author, if
it’s a revision the author will revise
it
6. Response and final decision
January 29, 2019, Tuesday
ANCIENT INSTRUMENTS: FROM DIFFERENT
CIVILIZATIONS
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Armillary Sphere
—model of objects in the sky path of sun
to determine changing of seasons
Astrolabe
—measures inclined position of celestial
objects
Compass
—orients relative to earth’s magnetic
field
Sundial
—shadow on plate to tell time of day
Sextant
—sighting mechanism to measure
angular distances NATURAL PHILOSOPHY AND THE ROLE OF
Mirrors MATHEMATICS
—signaling from a distance Natural philosophy—anything that isn’t
Sand clock/hourglass involved with the supernatural, that which is
—duration of events related to logic, is natural philo
Greek Views of Matter, motion and the WHAT IS NATURAL PHILOSOPHY?
A logical way of explaining physical
Universe
TOPICS phenomena without reference to supernatural
causes/beings
• Natural philosophy and the role of mathematics
• Matter
GREECE 7TH CENTURY BC
• Motion
The universe is a rational place, with
• The universe
natural laws that can be figured out
Objectives/ big questions for the next two
PYTHAGORAS (569-475 BC)
weeks:
Numbers constitute the true nature of things
• How did we come to realize that the Earth is not
Things are made up of atoms, which are
the center of the universe?
countable
• How did we come to adopt the view that the
universe is a mechanism? PLATO (427-347 BC)
Mathematics is dependent of individual biases
The earth is not the center of the universe and cultural influences
Our story begins with the ancient Greeks Ex: 2+2=4 always, here on Earth or on the far
Greek alphabet side of the galaxy
ANCIENT VIEWS REGARDING THE NATURE OF
MATTER AND MOTION
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PURPOSES OF ANCIENT ASTRONOMY i.e. explain all motions of celestial
The universe is divided into two • Calendar objects consistently in terms of uniform circular
domains • navigation motion
a. Terrestrial (temporal and corruptible • religion
things) Geocentric Model
i. Composed of four elements Kaalamang bayan (indigenous knowledge) “earth-centered”
ii. Earth fire air water Before Gregorian calendar surrounded by celestial spheres that
Appearance of constellations carried the planets and stars
b. Celestial (eternal and perfect beings) and planting season
i. Composed of 1 element, aether Eudoxus of Cnidus (410-355 bc)
Everything on earth is time-bound Balatik—Orion’s Belt, mga susing salita 76 Student of plato
• Karakter sa star wars Moon, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Mars,
TERRESTRIAL MOTION Jupiter, Saturn and fixed stars
• Patibong na panghuli sa babong damo
Alteration Homocentric model: introduced
• Talampad ng mga bituin
Ex. Leaves changing auxiliary spheres of varying (but independent)
color • Pag-aaral sa ethnoastronomiya
speeds
Natural motion 8 concentric spheres+19
Ex. Vertical motions: Even before Gregorian Calendar (1852), used the
auxiliary spheres (moon/sun (2),5planets (3)
smoke/falling rocks Balatik to plan planting of the crops in farms
Violent motion Documented by Ambrosio,
February 12, 2019 Tuesday
Ex. Horizontal and “balatik” maiuugat Austronesyano, 3000BC
projectile motions, nothing to do with salamin ngkasaysayan at ugnayan sa mga
ERATOSTHENES (273-194 BC)
earthquakes kalapit-bayan
Calculate the circumference of the earth

CELESTIAL MOTION (CHARACTERIZED AS PERFECT) The universe is a mechanism

Circular
Ex. GREEK VIEWS OF THE UNIVERSE
Constant Pythagoras
Key points about the movements of
DIURNAL MOTION celestial objects:
Apparent daily motion of stars ‘orbiting’ Planets, Sun, Moon and stars move in
around the earth perfectly circular orbits
Modern explanation: caused by earth’s Perfectly uniform speeds
location about its axis Earth is at the exact center
*interval shooting extra credit Has similarities with ‘geocentric model’
EUDOXUS OF SNIDUS (410-355 BC)
ANNUAL MOTION Plato Student of Plato: Teacher of Alexander
Apparent yearly motion of stars Celestial spheres are crystalline the Great
Caused by earth’s revolution around the (transparent) Homocentric: Added 29 counteracting
sun “save the appearances”-Plato spheres (including the prime mover)àfor
interdependent motions

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MAIN PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THE
HOMOCENTRIC MODEL
Can not account for the varying size of
the moon (not the shape)
Can not account for the varying
brightness of the planet
Did not fit with the more precise
Babylonian data (discovered during conquests
by Alexander)
Can not explain the retrograde motion
THE PROBLEM OF RETROGRADE MOTION
Planet=wanderer
At times going backwards in its path,
planets appeared to stray from perfect circular
path
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Krakow University
Notes Sought for a simpler model
1.Eccentric—a point from which the Revived the heliocentric model with
planet maintains a uniform distance rotating earth
2.Equant—a point about which a planet 1530: finished his theory but did not
has a constant angular speed. publish
3.Double Epicycles—claimed to yield 1543: published his book and died (same
more accurate predictions of the motion of the day!)
planets “On the Revolutions of the Celestial
Spheres”
Ptolemaic model was good
February 14, 2019
Preserved the appearances of circular motions
As the earth passes by a planet, the
Generally accepted
planet appears to move backward against the
However, more epicycles have to be added after background of stars
every several years
Retrogade motion is an illusion!

HIPPARCHUS (190-120) “THE DIFFERENT GREEK” Copernican Model Version 1

Introduced ‘devices’ ARISTARCHYS (310-230 BC) Heliocentric
• Eccentric Moon was much closer and smaller than Uniform circular motion
• Epicycle the sun With deferents only, no epicycle,
• Deferent Proposed sun-centered universe eccentric, equant
While still preserving the appearances -theory considered to be ridiculous, Very simple but not accurate for
ECCENTRIC impious, and dangerous predictions
Explained the varying speed, distance, 1759 years ahead of Copernicus
size and brightness of each planet
Copernican Model Version 2
ERATOSTHENES Same as v 1 except with epicycles added, no
EPICYCLE AND DEFERENT Earth’s circumference
Explained the retrograde motion of each equant
planet -using angle of elevation of the sun at Not so simple, but with higher accuracy
noon on the summer solstice in Alexandria and
CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY in Aswan, Egypt INITIAL REACTION TO COPERNICAN MODEL:
Abandoned Aristotle’s idea on Useful for calculations
counteracting spheres Alternatives to heliocentric model Not necessarily connected with reality
Added a 4th ‘device’ • Copernicus
Equant • Brahe Objections to Copernican Models:
Used double epicycles • Kepler • Scientific Objections
• Theological/Philosophical objections
EQUANT NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
Claimed to yield correct speed for each Polish astronomer, mathematician, SCIENTIFIC OBJECTION 1
planet minor church official Stellar parallax is not observed.
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Therefore, earth could not be moving GIORDANO BRUNO (1548-1600) Tetrahedron-dryness, fire
around the sun. Italian philosopher, priest, astronomer
Beliefs:
o Infinite and populated universe
Kepler’s Model Version 1
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTION 2
Six spheres alternated with platonic
Apparent sizes of stars do not vary, from o Extrasolar planets and beings
solids
observations Declared as heretic, burned at stake
If inner and outer solids are spheres,
“Martyr to free-thought and science”
there can only be 6 spheres/planets
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTION 3 To Bruno- the century predicted by him,
Spacing depends on order of solids
(based on Aristotelian Physics) here where the fire burned
Not very strong breeze -sun at the center
-thick shells to fit data
February 16,2019
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTION 4
(based on Aristotelian Physics) Kepler’s Model Version 2
Tychonic Model
Dropping motion is vertical Kepler was interested in mathematical
relations
TYCHO BRAHE (1546-1601)
Langaw Example: -derived equations from measurements
Danish; imperial astronomer in
Bat di napapadpad sa ikod ng bus? elliptical orbits
Bohemia, Czechoslovakia
Because of scale found the ‘devices’
Noted that both Ptolemaic and
Copernican models had errors
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTION 5
Believes earth does not move-geocentric
Kepler’s 3 Laws of Planetary Motion
(based on Aristotelian Physics) Law of Elliptical Orbits
*experimental scientist, did not propose
Things do not fly off A planet moves in an ellipse around the
any specific model
sun
Made a compromise model: geocentric
Scriptures: +heliocentric= Geo-heliocentric model
PSALM 103:1 Law of Equal Areas
Measurements were eventually used by
He has girded Himself in strength, Planets sweep our equal areas in equal
his student Kepler
Surely the world is established so that it cannot times
be moved
JOHANNES KEPLER (1571-1630)
German mathematician who believes Law of Harmonies
PSALM 104:5 The square of the periods of the planets
the universe is full of harmonies
Assistant of Brahe (18 months) are proportional to the cubes of their average
ECCLESIASTES 1:5 distance form sun
-used Brahe’s data
The sun also rises, and the sun goes Slow acceptance of …
-modified the heliocentric model
down and hastens to the lace where it arose
3 laws of planetary motion-empirical
and based on diagrams February 21, 2019
Theological/Philosophical Objections:
Fascinated with ‘Pythagorean
• Inconsistent with the Scripture Contributions of Galileo Galilei
Mysticism’
• Might cause sun worship again -musical harmonics are more pleasing, In Astronomy and Mechanics
• Earth is unique fractional lengths of string
• Man Is unique RECALL: BIG QUESTIONS

The five ‘perfect’ platonic solids

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How did we realize that the Earth is not
the center of the universe?
How did we adopt the view that the
universe is a mechanism?
OBJECTIVE FOR THIS MEETING
Cite developments in astronomy and
mechanics which support the weakening of the
support for the Ptolemaic model
How to solve the consilience issues?
DESTROY THE FOLLOWING!
1. Stars are near idea
2. Two Domain view
3. Earth-centered view
4. Aristotelian physics
GALILEO GALILEI (1564-1642)
Improved telescope designs
Made breakthrough observations of the
solar system
Refuted Aristotelian physics
1616—warnings and condemnation by
the Church
1632—published “Dialogue Concerning
the Two Chief World Systems”
Ptolemaic model vs Copernican
model
Salviati (modernist), Sagredo
(neutral) Simplicio (traditionalist)
1636—totally blind (cataract, bacteria)
1638—published book on strength of
materials and motion of objects
1642—died in Arcetri, Florence
1737—reburied on sacred ground at
Santa Croce
1741—Pope Benedict XIV authorized the
publication of Galileo’s complete scientific works
31 October 1992—Pope John Paul II
expressed regret for how the Galileo affair was
handled
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7
Chromatic aberrations—the problem with any
GALILEO’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO ASTRONOMY lens
Stars are pinpoints even with the use of
telescopes (8x up to 30x)
February 28, 2019
Stars are very far!
MECHANICAL SYSTEM
‘supernova’—bright explosion of a star,
Involves motion
may be due to gravitational collapse at its core
Vector is blind
RIGHT HAND RULE
GALILEO’S ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS
thumb shows angular velocity’s
Celestial objects are not perfect
direction
Craters, mountains, and valleys on the
ROTATIONAL INERTIA
Moon
distribution of mass away from the axis
SATURN’S RINGS
The greater the distance, the greater the
inertia
FOUR MOONS OF JUPITER
Stable equilibrium
Earth is not the only center!
Angular velocity
1610—Galileo identified the 4 largest of
the 67 moons of Jupiter: Ganymede, Callisto, Io
and Europa From Astronomy to Mechanics
“How do objects move?”
Research notebook/logbook
Keep it clean, neat, legible
Must be comprehensible to others According to Aristotle
FALLING MOTION
Take digital photos, backup
Heavier objects fall faster than light
Honesty is the best policy
objects
SUNSPOTS
Means ‘celestial objects’ aren’t Falling motion is uniform motion
(constant speed)
perfect!
-affect earth’s climate
HORIZONTAL MOTION
PHASES OF VENUS
A force is required to sustain motion
Venus revolves around the Sun
PROJECTILE MOTION
Earth is not the only center
Requires two mechanisms
In the Ptolemaic system, Venus always
lies between the sun and the earth and it would
always show a crescent phase, the Copernican
system predicts the full range of phases for
Venus as it passes from between the sun and
According to Galileo
FALLING MOTION
earth…
Falling is independent of mass
Falling is uniformly accelerated (speed
GALILEO VS PTOLEMY
changes at a constant rate)
From Astronomy… to Mechanics
HORIZONTAL MOTION
“How do objects move?”
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Force is required only to change the March 5, 2019
horizontal motion, no force is required to sustain RECALL BIG QUESTIONS: **Types of Motion
it How did we come to adopt the view that Pendulum regulates the release of the
PROJECTILE MOTION the universe is a mechanism? energy
Projectile motion is a superimposition of Cite Newton’s 3 laws of motion and laws Project: demonstration of gyroscope,
vertical and horizontal motions of gravitation output:gyroscope rotating for 5 seconds and a
Use Newton’s ideas to support Galileo’s demonstration in class
Representing Falling motion on a graph ideas on motion… 10mb max
Galileo found a contradiction in Aristotle’s idea of pics of gyroscope
falling motion
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) Tuesday deadline of vid during the exam
English mathematician, physicist,
ABOUT FALLING MOTION… astronomer, chemist and natural philosopher Practice test on Thursday
Galileo found that objects fall with Had ‘enemies’: Gotfried, John
constant acceleration (i.e. the speed increases at Flamsteed, and Robert Hooke Newton vs Flamsteed
a constant rate) Knighted in 1705 by Queen Anne Newston asked for Flamsteed’s data )to
ACCORDING TO GALILEO… because of being a ‘master mint’ support theory of gravitation) Flamsteed told
Projectile motion is a superposition of 2 Died due to bladder stone or mercury Newton NOT..
motions poisoning
1. Vertical motion which is an accelerated Certified bachelor Some major constributions in optics,
motion mathematics and physics
2. Horizontal motion which is a uniform ARISTOTLE NEWTON Optics
motion Heavier objects fall independent of -discovered the color compnents of
faster than light mass white light
THE MODERN SCIENTIST objects uniformly -invented the reflecting telescope
Old money: Italian Lira (Newtonian telescope), (refracting galileo
Falling motion is accelerated (speed
Our model of the Universe uniform motion changes at a telescope)—mirror-based telescope
FALLING

Tycho Brahe: Better Expt’l data Math

(constant speed) constant rate)
Johannes Kepler: refined model -invented calculus (also claimed by
Galileo Galilei: promotion of the new Leibniz—a intrgral calculus), describing
A force is required Force is required
model function using derivatives (slopes), differential
to sustain motion only to change the
Still missing: someone to put the pieces calculus
HORIZONTAL

horizontal motion,
together in the modern sense Physics (in his book Principia)
no force is required
to sustain it -theory of mechanics
Who put them together theory of gravity
This famous scientist was born on demonstrated that Kepler’s laws are
Requires two Projectile motion is
Christmas day, the exact year that Galileo died. consequences of his theory of mechanics and
mechanisms a superimposition
PROJECTILE

of vertical and gravity

NEWTON’S SYNTHESIS Most ideas were conceptualized within 2
horizontal motions
Newton’s ideas
years (1665-1667)!! 23-25 y/o
• In mechanics
• In gravitation
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Prism—white light to raindbow, rainbow
to white light
Why rainbow to white light? To show
that the rainbow came from light and not from
the prism
Decomposition—breaking
down/decomposing signal to its components
Synthesis—synthesize a product from
basic components or ingredient
“Mathematical principles of natural
philosophy” (1687)
-classical mechanics
Newtonian Mechanics
Discovering the rational universe
Three laws of motion
Universal laws of gravitation
First Law of Motion
Law of inertia
A body at rest (or in uniform
translational motion/const linear momentum p)
will remain in that state, unless acted upon by a
net external force (p=mv)
Net-not zero
External-not from the object itself
If external force is zero, momentum is
constant
Likewose.. for angular motion
L= Iw (L=angular momentum, I:
moment of inertia, w:angular velocity) and
torque,
Moment of inertia: I~mr2
Measure of the distribution of the mass
Inertia translates to mass
Truck>tricycle
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Distribution of mass from axis>moment
of axis
Greater moment of inertia the more it
resists changes to the axis
If the sum of the torque is zero, then the
angular momentum is constant
Consequences of first law
For stranslation:
A force is required to chenage motion
but not to maintain it (in agreement with
Galileo!)
Change in translation motion could
mean:
Moving faster, moving slower, changing
diection
For rotation:
External torque is needed to change
ngular momentum, but not to maintain it
Second law of motion
Law of Acceleration:
Acceleration of an object is equal to the
net force applied to it, divided by its mass
The acceleration or the change in the
motion of an object is completely determined by
the net force acting upon a mass
For rotation: Summation of torque=Ia
A=angular motion
Example 2: How can you avoid being
squashed by an elephant that is running after
you?
Answer: make zig-za g paths
Bec. Mr elephant will have difficulty
accelerating (i.e. changing direction)
Third law of motion
Law of action and reaction:
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For every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction.
Interacting bodies exert forces on each
other
Ex.
Walking
Rocket launch—particeles hitting rocket
is second law, recoil is third law
Airfoil, beroulli’s principle
Airfoil—shaped almost like a teardrop,
Mas mabagal ang hangin mas mataas
pressure, mas mabilis less pressure
Greatest speed least pressure
Lower height greater pressure
Higher height low pressure
In vacuum—how do you explain the
motion of a spacecraft in outer space?
How do spacecrafts move in the absence
of molecules to push against? How can a rocket
maneuver or change speed in a vacuum?
Submit on a ½ sheet of paper,
explaining how rockets move in outer space.
*Law—not even celestial bodies are
exempt
*Acceleration is a manifestation of force
Gravitation
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Jan Science debate? *you just need to comply,
24 pdf format, PIO Ancient
OVERVIEW Instruments
1. The Earth is not the center pfalmoro@up.edu.ph
of the universe. Assignment:
(Copernican astronomy) discuss how each of these
2. The universe is a instruments work
mechanism run by rules Exam: kung ano lang nadiscuss
(Newtonian mechanics and sa class
causality) confident we’ve read the
3. Energy is what makes it go. reference/reading
(Concept of energy)
4. Entropy tells it where to go.
(entropy and probability) INTERVAL SHOOTING,
5. The facts are relative but if you can have an interval shoot
the laws are absolute of the night sky.
(relativity) Have something in the frame, one
6. You can’t predict or know object and try to achieve the
everything. (quantum picture/startrail effect
theory) Jan
HOUSEKEEPING Fundamentally, things never 31 REMINDER:
Jan Course Outline change (conservation principles and Ask about citation method sa
17 SCIENCE symmetry) ancient
Diagnostic features of Science TAKE NOTE: instruments written report: no
Caveats about science Seven Important Ideas in Physics particular
interpretations First exam—first two chapters MOVED ON TUESDAY, Feb 5, 12
PHYSICS Spielberg and Anderson 1995 midnight
Descriptions and definitions
Seven important ideas Focus is first 3-4 chapters Science Debates: Science and Art
Frontiers Scientific—arguing based on
technical information
OBJECTIVES Next meeting—astronomy and Even if you don’t subscribe to
Apply diagnostic features of read chapters 1 and 2 of seven ideas the position you are assigned to your
science & caveats group, you still need to argue to the best
Cite examples of physics Jan ASSIGNMENT: of your ability
frontiers 29 Discuss how each instrument
State seven important ideas in works and significance (150 words 1. Validity of proofs that human
physics each, 1 page each, diagram; make own activities significantly cause climate
sketch <digital or traditional drawing, change-Leader Trei
Jan Reminders: First Activity: science artistic rendering> email by Friday, 12 a. Human activities causing global
22 debate midnight) warming-Shieri
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b. Solar activities and climatic cycles-
Athena
c. Ocean temperature and acidity
levels-Glenn
d. Climate models and their
limitations-Earl
12
Math group emails:
csaltarejos@up.edu.ph,
glennespino21@yahoo.com,
csaltarejos@up.edu.ph,
TF2BGINFOTukhachevsky@gmail.com,
shierielizabethlado@gmail.com

Feb Pre-debate, platonic solids activity

7 (group pic), notes?

NOTE FOR THE DEBATE

Technology is always going
forward

Next meeting:
Activity about platonic solids
5 platonic solids
arts and crafts

February 12, 2019 Tuesday

Eratosthenes (273-194 BC)

Activity: Calculate the

circumference of the earth

Feb No notes, actual debate, debate

14 meeting?

Feb Exam next Thursday, two meetings

28 from now
Newton is last topic
Last meeting—literally just playing with
toys

Debate Results for Debate 4

QUOTE/THOUGHT/PERSON/ASIDE

12