International Journal of Solids and Structures 1

DESIGN VERTICAL GARAGE DOOR USING WEIGHT LIFTIN

MECHANISM FOR ENERGY SAVING

5 Bandung, Indonesia

Nur Rahmat Gilang Kencana Putra Dewa a, Ratih Nusandra Dewi b, Angelina Desandra
Adventaa, Agus Kusnayatd*

10 a
South Bekasi, Bekasi
b Kebakramat, Karanganyar
c Sukmajaya, Depok
d Cileunyi, Bandung

15

Abstract
Garage is a room that can be used to store cars, motorcycles to home appliances
whose size adjusts to the dimensions of the house. The main dimensions of the garage
used are 7x3x3 m with a garage door design that adjusts to that size. The size of the
20 garage door is made measuring 3x3 m with an aluminum frame, teak main body door,
steel rope as a hook between the ballast and the garage door which is supported by a
slippery pulley. The garage door has a folding open and close mechanism
perpendicular to and pulled with a ballast which is a sandbag. The ballast pulls the
door with an acceleration of 0.6 cm2 / s perpendicularly and does not use electrical
25 energy. With this goal the door was designed with a reverse engineering method
which consists of an analysis of previous designs, inserting a design proposal,
adopting a design proposal against a previous design that aims to improve the main
function of the garage door and save on the use of electrical energy.

Keywords: Garage door, ballast, perpendicularly, reverse engineering, electrical

30 energy
2010 MSC: 00-01,99-00

1 This is a footnote associated with the title.

Preprint submitted to International Journal of Solids and Structures

 1. Main Text

Garage is a place or room to store vehicles in the form of cars, motorcycles to

35 buses. Garage is also used as a vehicle protector from hot weather and rainwater
because it can damage the vehicle if in the short and long term. Garage Door has
experienced many developments in this 20th era. The type of garage door in the scope
of housing is still simple, that is to rely on human labor to open it. Most garage doors
are operated manually with heavy door conditions so it takes a lot of energy to open
40 them. Actually, there have been many developments in the design of garage doors
using the latest technology ranging from the use of Arduino, micro-controllers,
wireless and many more, but these technologies require large electrical energy. While
the garage door is used by almost everyone ranging from people with low, medium
and high-income levels. It is necessary to design a garage door to reduce the great
45 movement of each garage door opening without using electric power in its application
but to apply Newton's law.

1.1 Reverse Engineering and Benchmarking

Reverse Engineering is to use a better paradigm starting from design instruction,

hypothesis, understanding, and execution. This method applies advanced methods
50 such as analysis of customer needs, function models, optimization, and design
experience in real products [2]. The following are the steps in applying the reverse
engineering method:
• Gathering Information
This stage is used to determine the use of materials and functions of making
55 existing garage doors.
• Product Analyzing
o Understanding the structure of the constituent materials of each
component.
o Understanding the functions of each constituent component.
60 o Understanding the dimensions of each component as a guideline for
designing the garage door design
 o Understanding the product's strengths and weaknesses.
• Measuring Dimension and Analyzing Function
Measurements were made on each component composing the garage door for
65 consideration of the size in accordance with the function, and location of
components.
• Assembling Component
The merging of components is carried out to determine the ease of loading and
unloading of construction and materials used to make garage door designs.
70 • Setting Specification for Product Development
This stage is to correct previous deficiencies, by improving user functionality,
durability, capacity, time processing, comfort, and safety.
• Improving Design Concept
Based on new product design specifications determined from previous stages
75 to improve tool performance. The product developed is adapted to the existing
conditions by considering the availability and ease of material making the tool,
if one of the components and material cannot be fulfilled, the concept can be
changed according to the alternative to be developed.
• Sketching Design Model
80 CAD Design (Computer Assisted Design) is implemented into 3D (3
Dimensions) using Solidworks software.

1.2 Forces

Force (force) is a form of push or pull on objects. The movement of objects is

caused by the force with a certain speed and to reduce or increase speed the force
85 calculation is required. Newton's Second Law is the acceleration of objects directly
proportional to the net force, and inversely proportional to mass. In SI units, mass is
expressed in kg, acceleration in m / s2, and force in N [3]. Here is the equation of
Newton II's law:
 90 (Saputra, 2017) The force is given by object one to object two, object two will
direct the force of the same magnitude to object one but in the opposite direction, the
statement is Newton III's Law, with the following equation ............................... [1]
∑F = m.a

95 Faction = - Freaction ............................... [2]

Newton III Law can be announced as follows:

a = m1g – m3g ............................... [3]
m1+m3

1.3 Pulley

100 Pulleys are simple planes consisting of grooved wheels or discs and ropes or cables
containing the grooves of the wheels or discs. Based on the arrangement of the rope
and wheels, pulleys are divided into fixed pulleys, free pulleys, and compound pulleys
[3] those three will be explain below following:
• Fixed Pulley
105 Pulleys remain a type of pulley whose position does not change when used.
The placement of the pulley is bound to a certain place with the fulcrum
located on the pulley axis.
• Pulley Free
A free pulley is a type of pulley whose position changes when used. The
110 placement of the pulley is not attached to one particular place on the rope
which can change position.
• Compound Pulleys
A compound pulley is a combination of a fixed and free pulley system. The
two pulleys are connected by a rope. Placement of the load is associated with a
115 free pulley and one end is connected to a fixed pulley cross-section. When the
other end of the rope is pulled, the load will be lifted.
 1.4 Steel Wire

Steel Rope (Steel Wire Rope) is a rope that is constructed from a group of braided
steel fibers. Steel Wire Rope is composed of steel fibers spun into a single strand, then
120 a collection of strands is woven into one core (core), thus forming several types of
rope.

The advantages of steel straps compared to chains are as follows:

• Light
125 • The load is evenly distributed
• More flexible
• Strong to voltage
• Do not have a tendency to be twisted
The following are the symbols used in string measurement:
130 d = diameter (mm)
D = sheave or drum diameter (mm)
ẟ = wire diameter (mm)
t = distance between (mm)

135 Maximum broken stress to get the weight capacity that can be lifted by steel straps
[4].
............................... [4]

............................... [5]

1.5 Method and Data Processing

140 The method used in this study is the comparison method. This method is a method
of designing and developing products that already exist or have similarities with the
previous product. The following is a flowchart of our research:
145 The first step that must be done is a problem that is solved by using a garage door.
Then a literature study was conducted on the existing garage door on the market.
Next, make a selection of the concept of making a garage door, as well as developing
the concept.

Acknowledgements

150 Garage is a much-needed space in today's housing that is used to store vehicles,
both cars and motorcycles. Of these needs, the price incurred for garage installations
that use electricity from Rp. 30,000,000.00 to Rp. 40,000,000.00 with installation
costs Rp. 1,000,000, has not been added to the cost of electricity repair. While the
garage door research expends more with aircraft load transport systems that do not
155 use electricity generation, the existence of this research is expected to optimize the
price and use of electrical energy from garage doors in general.
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