15-01-2016

THEVENIN'S CIRCUIT THEVENIN'S CIRCUIT

• Statement:
An active network having two terminals A and B
can be replaced by a constant-voltage source having
an e.m.f. ‘Vth’ and an resistance ‘Rth’. A

RTH
The value of Vth is equal to the open circuit p.d. between
A and B, +
_ VTH
‘Rth’ is the resistance of the network measured between
A and B with the load disconnected and the source emf B
replaced by their internal resistance. 
The Thevenin equivalent structure.
• Internal resistance
• Voltage Source -> Short circuit
• Current source -> Open circuit

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SOLVING CIRCUIT USING THEVENINS THEOREM

• Find VX using Thevenin’s Theorem

Remove 12  4 A
Put Find 
RL if Find Find Thevenin’s back Req. +
any Vth Rth Eqv Ckt RL Quanity
30 V +
_ 6 2 VX
Use Replace all A _
the sources 

Nodal/Mes
h/Superpos by Int
Resistance
RTH B
ition to find
Vth +
_ VTH
RL
Find finding VTH and RTH to the left of A-B.
equivalent B
resistance 

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Find Vth Find Rth

1. Remove RL to the right of A-B. 3. Replace each sources by its internal resistance

12  4 12  4 A

A

RTH
30 V +
_ 6 6

 
B B

2. Calculate voltage across the terminals A and B (Vth = VAB) 4. Calculate Thevenin's equivalent resistance (Rth)

(30)(6) RTH = ( 12 || 6 ) + 4 = 8 
VAB   10V
6  12

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1
 15-01-2016

find VAB using the Thevenin's Theorem

5. Connect the removed circuit / load to the Thevenin’s 1.5 A

equivalent circuit
RTH A 5
  A
8 + 10 
+
VTH _ 10 V 2 VX
20 V _+ 20  17 
_
B B



6. Find Vx using voltage divider rule • Remove 17  resistor removed
• Find VTH
(10)( 2)
VX   2V • Find RTH by looking into terminals A-B with the sources
28 deactivated.

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THEVENIN'S CIRCUIT THEVENIN'S CIRCUIT

1.5 A RTH A
5 
5  A
 A 10  14  +
10 
20  +
20 V _+ 20  VTH _ 31 V 17  VAB
B B _



B
20(20) 
VOS  VAB  VTH  (1.5)(10)  5(20)
(20  5) RTH  10   14 
 VTH  31V (5  20) VAB  17V

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• If Vth = -50 V and Rth = 40 Ω find the value of unknowns R and MAXIMUM POWER TRANSFER THEOREM
V.
• A resistive load will abstract maximum power from a
network when the load resistance is equal to the
resistance of the network as viewed from the output
Autumn 2015
terminals, with all energy sources removed leaving
behind their internal resistances.

• To find Rth replace the sources by their internal resistances. RL = Rth

R = 20 Ω
𝐕𝐭𝐡𝟐
• To find V, apply KVL in the outer loop • Maximum power drawn = Pmax =
-20 * 5 – 0 + V – Vth = 0
𝟒 𝐑 𝐭𝐡
V = 50V
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