Service and Maintenance

Volvo B12M/B12B

Student booklet
Preface
This course package contains 14 pictures with
associated text presenting the Volvo Bus serv-
ice and maintenance program. It is intended for
use with the B12M and B12B.
Contents
1 Introduction ......................................................... 3
2 Daily inspection .................................................. 4
3 Washing and body care ...................................... 5
4 Various types of service ...................................... 6
5 Delivery Inspection.............................................. 7
6 Vehicle documents ............................................. 8
7 Basic service/Annual service report ................... 9
8 Service intervals, basic service ........................ 10
9 Examples of basic service ............................... 11
10 Lubrication service............................................ 12
11 Oil grades, engine............................................. 13
12 Oil grades, gearbox .......................................... 15
13 Volvo Standard Times, VST .............................. 16
14 VOSP - Volvo Service Program ........................ 18
1 Introduction
This course package contains 14 pictures with associated text presenting the Volvo Bus service and
maintenance program. It is intended for use with the B12M and B12B.
It is essential to follow service instructions thoroughly so that the bus will maintain its original character-
istics during its entire service life. Good road safety, reliability and economy will be maintained with
regular preventive maintenance. From a warranty point of view, the Volvo Bus service and maintenance
program must be followed for the warranty to apply.
Maintenance service for the B12M and B12B can be adapted to each individual vehicle with the service
intervals described in the Volvo Bus service literature. Since operating conditions can vary depending on
how the vehicle is used, it is important that the servicing garage adapts the service requirements of the
bus in consultation with the customer.
Buses driven on wet road surfaces with salt and sand as well as buses washed with high-pressure jets
require more lubricating service. We recommend washing the chassis in conjunction with an annual
service in order to facilitate inspection and repair during the servicing.

Notes
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GT2100003en 3
 1
10

2
9

4
3
8

7
5
6

2 Daily inspection
It is the driver that possesses the best knowledge of the vehicle and any observations made by the driver
during the daily inspection are important for future maintenance measures. The driver inspects the
vehicle by walking around it and checking all the important points as follows:
1 Check engine oil with dipstick. Check rear of bus on B12B, check behind mid-bus inspection hatches
on B12M. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean with paper. Reinsert the dipstick and then pull it out
again to check that the oil is midway between the max and min lines. Top up with xx litres if the oil is at
the min line. Midway between the max and min lines corresponds to xx litres. Check also that the oil is
not discoloured grey or white, as this is sign of water having entered into the oil system. Top up with
oil of the same grade and viscosity as the oil already in the engine. Refer to the lubrication service
manual for oils that have been approved for use in the bus.
2 Check the coolant level. If necessary, top up with ready-mixed Volvo coolant or with a mixture of 50%
Volvo coolant and 50% water.
3 Check tyre pressures and tyre condition. Inspect between twin-mounted rear wheels to make sure
there are no stones stuck between the tyres. If the worst comes to the worst, a stone may chafe into
the tyre or be thrown back and injure another road-user.
4 Check also under the bus for any signs of leaking oil, fuel or coolant.
5 Check the condition of lamp lenses and mirror glass including direction indicators.
6 Check fluid level of hydraulic radiator fan drive and power steering. The fluid level should be between
the min and max marks on the reservoir. Top up as necessary.
7 Check that the doors open, close and lock properly.
8 Check the washer fluid level in the reservoir.
9 Inspect safety equipment such as fire extinguishers, first-aid box, emergency opener, glass hammer,
etc.
10 Check the indicator and warning lamps on the instrument panel and that no faults are stored in the
display.

Global Training
GT2100003en 4
3 Washing and body care
Wash the bus regularly, not just to maintain its appearance inside and out but also the prevent corrosion.
Wash body components and engine thoroughly at each service to prevent overheating and engine wear.
Exposed parts that are not sufficiently protected against corrosion must be rustproofed after drying.
Body care entails regular washing inside and out plus the repair of minor body damage caused by
stones, etc.

Notes
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GT2100003en 5
 al Volv o

anu
Bus
Pre-Delivery
Göte Corpo
borg,

ce M Buses
Sw eden ra tion

r v i
Service Se up
17 Ser v
Gro ion 01 ice B
30 checks Edit nce ulletin
ena ice Date
Buse
aint v Grou
s
e m ual ser 2M
3.01 p
No.
17
t iv 43 Relea

ven
se Pa
nn B1 B Oil c 01 ge

Pre and a B12

hang
es , s
1(6)

ic umm
Bas Olym
pian,
B6BL
E, B
7F/R
a ry
Oil c Supe B10B
han g es, r Oly /BLE
/L/M
summ mpia
n, B
ar y 12 (w
D12A ith
Service Manual engin
e)
Buses
Lubrication 17 Group
Service 01
Pre-Delivery Service
Edition

B7L, B7L-DD
B12M, B12B
Super Olympian

Basic Service
80 checks 389
174This se
TSP are re r vice bu
le vant lletin
T10079
07
fo r oi pr
The
in l chano vides a
ferent f or matio ges su
on Vo mmar y
oils an n in th lv o B of
d reco is ser vi uses the inter
mmen ce . vals ,
datio bulletin oil gr
ades
ns . is no and
More t
inf or entirely co capa
cities
matio
n co mprehen that
ncer
ning siv e with
diff er
ent oi regard to
ls , oi di
389 l grad f-
174 es ,
TSP

Annual Service
100 checks
TSP174389
TSP174389

4 Various types of service

The following different types of service can be performed, Delivery Service, Basic Service, Annual Serv-
ice and Lubricating Service.
- Delivery inspection is carried out before the bus is delivered to the customer.
It differs to basic service and annual service, which both have much in common.
Delivery inspection involves just over 30 points, where the main objective is to check the bus and its
functions before final delivery to the customer. No fluids or filters are changed during the delivery
inspection. It is carried out only once when the bus is new.
- Basic service is carried out at regular intervals depending on various factors such as type of driving,
oil quality, mileage, time interval. It always includes changing engine oil and filter. The interval for the
basic service is governed by the engine oil change (see fig. 8).
- Annual service is carried out at least once a year.
Basic and annual service are recurrent service programs that are performed so that the bus main-
tains its original characteristics during its entire service life. Annual service is really an extended basic
service.
Basic and annual service involve over 80 and 100 points respectively.
- Lubricating service involves changing fluid/oil and filters for components such as chassis and body
lubrication (not engine, included in basic service). Intervals vary for each component depending on
various factors such as type of driving, oil quality, mileage, time interval. Chassis and body lubrication
is always carried out every 3 months on city/intercity buses and every 6 months on coaches. Lubri-
cating intervals for the various components are described in Service Bulletin, Lubricating service and
oil changes, group 1 section 17.
Notes
.......................................................................................................................................................
Global Training
GT2100003en 6
 Group
Group 17 Delivery service 17 Deliv
Inspection form
ery servi
ce

Report
l
anua
No. Ac
tion - descrip

ice M uses
tion

Serv B
Delivery inspection form Inspecti
on form

p 17 Date Name Reg.no.

Grou 01
se Mileage Address Telephone no.
Relea
ervice
Job order no. Mail address Delivery date

ery S
Deliv ker, B7R
Executed by (signature) Chassis type/no. Engine type/no.

D e c M Gearbox Customer no.

ouble 12B, B12

B7L D
Final drive

B7L,
B pian
r Olym
Supe
X Carried out without 1 Action 2 To be recti ed - Point not
remarks recommended immediately relevant

Checks from driver's position Star ting the engine

1 Check fault codes (with PC tool) 19 Check starter element
2 Check vehicle information 20 Check sealing of service brakes

3 Check warning and control lamps 21 Check gear control and clutch pedal

4 Check fault codes, manual gearbox EGS-V/VR 22 Check pressure regulator cut-out and cut-in
pressure
5 Check fault codes, data set air suspension
ECS 23 Check compressor's function and condition

6 Check fault codes, turntable (B7L) 24 Check pressure drop on the main brake circuit

7 Self-test tachograph 25 Check the parking brake, blocking valve

8 Function check of parking heater 26 Check brake pedal and foot brake valve

9 Check engine control Road test

10 Check retarder control 27 Check after start

11 Function check of direction and warning indi- 28 Check during road test
cators
29 Check after road test
12 Function check lighting and horn
Miscellaneous
13 Function check of washer, windscreen washer
and headlamp washer 30 Removing protective sheeting

External chec ks 31 Finish

14 Adjusting headlamp beam alignment

9
7438
TSP1 15 Check battery and uid level
16 Check coolant mixture
17 Checking the air pressure in the tyres
18 Tightness check of wheel nuts

When the
form ha delivery servi
s
spectiv been lled in, ce has been
e the form comp
complai bus folder. Th should eted and the
nts at a is
later da is in order to be kept in its factory
te. In ad deal wi re- ca
dition, th
the impo any the quali n request a
ty of the copy of
rter or carried the
the out at the bus and fur the form in orde
factory. r develop r to as
the chec sess
4 ks

5 Delivery Inspection
Delivery inspection is carried out before delivery to the customer and is aimed at ensuring there are no
problems arising from coach building.
Delivery inspection covers several different points. The various points can be found in a report in the
Service Manual for Delivery Service under group 1 section 17 in the Volvo Bus service literature. The
report in the manual can be copied and the copies subsequently used at each service.
Number and text for the inspection points in the report correspond to the headings of the respective
points in the Service Manual.
At the top of the report is a number, in this case 17102-2. This number is the operation number and
refers to a time in Volvo Standard Times, which can be found under group 0, tab 07, in the service litera-
ture. (See also picture 13 on VST.)

Example of Delivery Service.

1 Check of fault codes.? See service manual heading no. 1 Check of fault codes.
This describes how to check and delete any fault codes that have been stored in the fault memory in
the display.

Notes
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Global Training
GT2100003en 7
 Warrant
y Bookl
et

Buses

Operators
Manual

B12M
B12B

ons Operating Instructions

structi
ting In 90.3G
O
Display perating In
Opera M S G structi
er
Gramm Ta
ons
Volvo 5000/7000/B7L chogra
ph

CLIMATE
TIME / DIST
FAULTS?

T0008854

T8009050

6 Vehicle documents
The following documentation must accompany the bus on delivery.
- Operator’s manual
- Operating instructions
- Warranty and service book
- Vehicle identity card (VIC) showing bus specification, i.e. the included equipment. This card must be
available so that the correct information can be quoted when contacting the garage.
It is essential these documents are in the bus.

Notes
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Global Training
GT2100003en 8
 Service and Maintenance
rt Grou
Repo p 17
Basic
and a
nnua
l serv
ice
1774
6
Annu -2
catio al servic
ice n an e
nnu al serv
rt d oil includin
Repo
sic and a Preve chan g lub
17 Ba ntive ge ri-
Group
Custo main
mer tenan
ce
rica-
g lub
ludin
Mode
4 4 - 2 i n c Milea
ge l, cha
s
177 ce Deliv sis n
servi
ery d o.
nge na- ate
Basic nd oil cha o. y (sig Date Reg.n
Reg.n ted b o.
a Execu
t i o n ce o. ture)
enan ssis n X=R Engin Milea
maint
l, cha JO no
.
drive mend ectified w e typ JO n
Mode Final e/No. o.
n t ive ed, ith
2=RRee out comm
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ox "Lubri
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ture)
ecu
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= No recom-
Custo .
r stee il and t a
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pplica Final
n" pa 9 ble. dr
Engin positio ge 21 el an e
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hang
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page
22
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in
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retard page sure i-
nd fi "Intern nd clo level er" p 22 drop
, oil a level and ing a "6. C in rea age 1 "24. C on m
cation oil open e 25 h
raulic eck oil lev r axle 3
page heck park
ain b
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powe d filte e 11 floor r fan for power and b
9 oil an " pag loor, ge 25 "7. C " pag s "25. C
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lockin
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ck oil m atic ro ofs 2 5 oir" p g uid a ot bra
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"2. C v e l in au "2 9. S te m " e 16
in the c
page
1 5 "I n e "
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heck ge 13 eating age 2lev Check co lutch l che
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page
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page
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el for ty eq ge "1 271. C servo indscree pane age 2
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heck n ar" pa r's se 27 air dri age 1 and hea "29. S ge 25
"6. C adiator fa g e ri ve "1 a
2 g e e r" 7 d - u n ro
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p . Cha
sspisaglue 27
page ofs" p
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g oil lutch assen ening brica eatin 5
heckin the c "33. P or op tion" g sys
"7. C id le vel in e n c y do"C p a g e 28 page
1 7
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page
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e c k d fl 4 . a k s 8 q u
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tectio atche "13. "p dariver' nt" pa
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"9 C e1 indsc "36 F ehteck e e

7 Basic service/Annual service report

This report can be found in the Service Manual Preventive service, Basic and Annual service B12M. The
report in the manual can be copied and the copies subsequently used at each service.
Annual service is carried out every 12 months and covers all the checks in the annual service report.
Annual service is an extended basic service.
The reports for basic and annual service include chassis and body.
Each point in the report has a page reference. The pages referred to can be found in the Service Manual
containing the report.
Many of the points in the basic and annual services are controls, e.g. 40. Check rear view mirrors and
reflectors or 41. Function check of wipers and washers.

Notes
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Global Training
GT2100003en 9
 Months
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2 3

Delivery Service

Basic Service

Annual Service

8 Service intervals, basic service

Basic service is carried out in conjunction with engine oil and filter changes that are dependent on the
following factors: Type of driving. For B12M/B12B, there are two main types of driving, long-distance or
intercity/express.
Type of engine oil. Oil can be divided (classified) into three different classes. The best quality oil is
called VDS-2, the next best VDS and the third class contains oils designated API
CF, CF-4, CG-4, CH-4 ACEA E2-E5.
Mileage. Naturally, the mileage also affects the interval between the different basic service
occasions.
Time factor. No more than six months may pass between each basic service.

Apart from the interval period of six months between occasions of basic service, the following intervals
can be used.
VDS-3 oil* VDS-2 oil VDS oil API CF- CH-4
Type of driving ACEA E2-E5 oil
Long distance/Tourist 90,000 km 60,000 km 45,000 km 15,000 km
Intercity/Express/City 60,000 km 45,000 km 30,000 km 15,000 km
Note that if the sulphur content in the fuel exceeds 0.5 weight percent, the oil change interval should be
halved. Full flow filter, longlife part no. 478736 must be used if oil change intervals exceed 30,000 km.
* The interval for VDS-3 oil is only valid for buses with DH12D engines
Notes
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Global Training
GT2100003en 10
 Group 17 Basic and annual service Grou Service directions
p 17
tions Basic
direc and
Se rvice annu
al se
Oil change intervals rvice

c
mati Oil change intervals, general
auto 1774
vel in Bas 4-2
To reduce the number of service visits to the minimum, driving, i.e. when the oil is warm and thin. Changed oil
the
i l l e ne on any additional work should be done at the same time as lters must always be scrapped.
ck o n be do al, ic se
h e eds to ice interv
basic or annual service whenever possible.
rvice
i burns. Use protective Repor
3. C io r chang ox serv 66.
e n e and Hot
miss Warning:oil c oil can
hang ncludin
cause
t
trans an oil and glt on the gin
When changing oil, it is essential that as much oil as
e earb ls" page gloves.
: If din terva e
possible is drained off and changed in the component.
Prev e g lub
Note x, depen \Oil chang Therefore, all oil changes should be carried out after
entiv ricat
o ion
gearb refer to e ma
plea s e e en- Custo
inten
ith th and mer
out w ) 17523-3 5 ance
ca rried -625 r/min ss Unscrew the oil lter housing and re-
1 k is 5 le Gearbox oil and lter , change
chec (about 57 perature
The g m ld lie move the seal and oil lter .
idlin il te hou ed
gine earbox (o oil level s rea mark For information on replacement intervals for oil and l-
DelivNote: If the gearbox is equipped with
Mod
el, c
g a ox
cold 0 C). The g for the g arb ot"
e ters, see service information on lubricating service and e d
anryoil acooler,
te the oil cooler does not
hass
is no
n 3 rk in a rm "h oil change, section 1 group 17. .
tha the m
a
stick.
W ed normally need to be separated from Date
mark .
within on the dip perature) necessary the oil lter housing. The coolant Reg
.no.
"
"cold C oil tem op up as 1. Oil changes and lter replace- X=
R hoses allow the lter housing with oil
0 T , see men ecticooler Engin
(80-9 dipstick. d e s
ment on mechanical gearboxes ded, ed wittoh be separated far enough
oil gra
e
e and 2 o u type JO n
on th n the lubricating =
fromRthe ectify t
gearboxcom to allow the lter to /N o. o .
tion o n Lubri be removed.
m
imm ents, 1
o r in forma ation o roup 17. EGS-V/VR pow cation, edia
tely, = Action Gea
F rm g
e info tion 1 p
er ste oil a { = re c rbox
servic nge, sec age ering n d Not o
1 - oil filter ch appli m-

lletin
9 6
a
oil ch Remove sound insulation under the leve ange cable
1. "C la in .
hang Install a new oilndlter fuidand aennew gineseal

B u gearbox.
2. "C
eon
engtheine oil lter housing and le
oil a on the gearbox.checks"
,
vel install the
Che
cks
from

ice Buses
heck lter housing n 19. "C drive
oil le d filt r's p

Serv
3 Ifv the oil cooler ehas been separated
heck osit
2 . "Che el in r" pa seali
page ck oil from the aoil m g e 9 2 0 . "C ng o
leve nualterl geahousing: h e f serv
Page 12 l in a rbox
p age
2
ck ge ic
ase 4. "C utom " pag 1 a r shif
Rele ) heck atic e 11 t link
1(29 trans age
No. oil le 7
Grou
p 02 5. "C
heck
vel in
Check retathat the seal rings for
miss
ion"the oil Intern
40 oil le rd r"
are enot
al c

nges
6. "C velcooler pdamaged
age and replace if heck
Date in re 26. "D s, bo
17 drau heck oil 13
il cha
ar ax
necessary. oor dy" p
lic/ra leve le " pa open age
9.01 d o M
diato
r fan
l for
pow g e 14 2 7. "Flo ing a 24

ce an 12B, B12
7. "C " pag e rs o r, flo nd c
hec k losin
8 e 15 teering
ser vi
ing o 28. "W or h g " pa
8."C il lev and a atch
es" p
t i o n 1 2 , B voir" hec king in an a thin lm of oil hon
elApply y- the seal
29. "S
ll pa
nels age
ica DD, B
page uid rings, glet the
geaseal rings and the oil " pa 25
Lubr 16 leve un ro ge 2
r" poil 5
B7L-
9. "C l in th onto the
cooler agelter housing. 3 ofs"
1 0 . "Hea p a
, leve heck co Pointe9,clu 10, 11, 12, 5 14, 15, 16 and
13, ge 2
B 7 L l" pa
ge 1 olant fro 17 apply to oil
6 st pro
tc h flu
id
lter
reschange
er- on gear- 31. "O
ther
ti n g sy
stem
" pag
5
10. "C box tecwith e 25
lamp hec k fl tion compact retarder RET-TH. equip
es a n men
u d t" pa
ng
wash id fluid
er flu levels in ge 2
l cha
Safe 6
11. id re w ty
serv 9indscre equip
d oi
"Che oirs" men
c k air 32. "D
12 dri pa en and ri t b
d

9 Examples of basic service

Point 3 in basic service.
“Check oil level in automatic transmission page 12.”
Page 12 shows how to carry out this check and what to keep in mind.
Observe that the check starts with a note on the oil change, which can be read on page 66 in the same
manual. The manual also contains information on special tools (specified with part number) that are
required for the different service tasks.
A few lines down in the paragraph is a further reference to a Service Bulletin concerning lubrication
service and oil change, which can be found in the service literature under group 17. This service bulletin
contains information on when to carry out oil change intervals and which oil to use. It is therefore very
important to note the mileage at which the oil was changed and the type of oil that was used.

Notes
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Global Training
GT2100003en 11
 Volvo
Bus
Göteb
org, S Corp
wede oratio
n n

Servi
ce Bu
lleti
Date
Buse n
Lubr
icatio Lubri
9.01
Grou
17
p
No. s Relea
This n ser cation 40 se Pa
g
servic
v i s e r v i
0 2 1(2 e
· Se
e bull
etin c
ontain
c e and o B 7 L , B7L c e a nd oi 9 )
· Oil ravnice intervals s info i l c -DD, l chan
rmati
on on h ange B 12, B g es
· Oil d fluid v : s 12B,
· Filtegrsrades andovlumes B12M
· Ch and filt iscosity
· Drivaessis lubricaetir inser ts
belts on an
Cont d gra
ents: des of gre
ase
"Serv
ice an
"Engin d ma
in
"Clutc e, lubricati tenance"
h, lub on" p p
"Gea r ic a tion age 5 age 2.
rb .
"Rear ox, lubrica " page 10
.
"Hydr axle, lubric tion" page
a a 1
"Prop ulic retard tion" pag 0.
e e e
"Chas ller shaft, r, lubricati 17.
s lu o
"Serv is, lubrica brication" n" page 2
o ti page 2.
"Body steering/H on" page 23.
" 2
"Volvo page 26. ydraulic co 6.
oil an olant
d fluid fan, lu
s" pa bricati
ge 27 on" p
. age 2
6.

10 Lubrication service
Lubricating service is very important when it comes to service and maintenance of the B12M and B12B.
This is so important because service intervals have been extended and disregarding Volvo Bus’s de-
mands on oil quality, max change intervals, etc. can have a serious impact on bus components.
Bus components such as the engine, gearbox, rear axles, etc., must be lubricated with either oil or
grease.
The quality, viscosity and service interval are very important to parts lubricated with oil. The oil used for a
specific component is determined by the oil grade and viscosity. This information can be found on the
containers or the oil product information sheet.
Synthetic oil is increasingly being used for the lubrication of vehicles. Normally, synthetic oil possesses
better temperature stability and cold properties. The frictional characteristics of synthetic oil occasionally
result in defective synchronisation and can also affect sealing materials negatively. It is therefore impor-
tant to use synthetic oil that has been approved for the specific purpose.
Lubricating service involves changing fluid/oil and filters for components such as chassis and body
lubrication (not engine, included in basic service). Intervals vary for each component depending on
various factors such as type of driving, oil quality, mileage, time interval. Chassis and body lubrication
must always be carried out every 3 months on city/intercity busses and every 6 months on coaches.
Intervals for the various components are described in Service Bulletin, Lubrication service and oil
changes, group 1 section 17.
This Service Bulletin contains information on

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GT2100003en 12
11 Oil grades, engine
Using the correct oil is a precondition for reliable operation and ensuring the service life of the engine,
gearbox and rear axle.
Lubricating oil is usually grouped according to its area of use such as engine oil or transmission fluid.
High demands are put on lubricating oils, as they must have widely different properties. They must not
only lubricate but also seal, dampen, clean and dissipate heat. There are a number of different standards
used to classify the quality and viscosity of lubricating oils. Oil change intervals are also an important
aspect to observe.
API and CCMC
Quality standards have been established by vehicle manufacturers and independent organisations. The
system most used for engine oil and transmission fluid has been established by the American Petroleum
Institute (API) The API standard specifies the suitability of an oil for specific operating conditions. Another
standard system is CCMC, issued by ACEA (an association of European vehicle manufacturers). Many
vehicle manufacturers, among them Ford and Volvo, have also made their own standards.
SAE
Viscosity, i.e. how thick the oil is, is specified according to a standard established by the Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE). A designation consists of the abbreviation SAE with a numeric extension,
e.g. SAE 50. This number is a measure of how thick the oil is and the higher the number the thicker the
oil.
Engine oil and transmission fluid have different classification standards. Engine oil is measured in the
interval SAE 5-SAE 50 and transmission fluid in the interval SAE 75-SAE 140.
Certain designations are followed by the letter W for Winter. This shows that the oil is suitable for winter
use, as it has been tested in cold conditions without becoming too thick at such low temperatures.

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GT2100003en 13
Multigrade
All oil is thin when warm and thick when cold. From the point of view of lubrication, this is a disadvantage
and manufacturers have therefore produced oils with additives that change viscosity less when the
temperature changes. These oils are called Multigrade and are suitable for all-year-round use as they
span several different SAE classes. Multigrade oil cannot be used in transmissions, however, as they
degrade due to the high contact pressure and slippage involved.
Oil change interval
Lubricating oil is exerted to hard strain in varying temperature conditions. All oil, even synthetic, ages and
gradually loses its properties. To ensure the efficiency and life expectancy of the parts included in the
power train, it is therefore essential to follow Volvo’s directions regarding oil change intervals.
The new generation special oils for transmissions and rear axles are fully synthetic. They have a supe-
rior viscosity/temperature ratio and are thinly fluid even in cold conditions. Special oils also possess
good oxidation properties, which mean they can maintain an even quality over long periods.
VDS engine oil
Volvo is one of many vehicle manufacturers that have established their own standards. Volvo Drain
Specification (VDS) is the name of the standard for oil used in diesel engines. For an oil to be approved
to VDS, it must have undergone certain field tests, after which the engine is taken apart to study its
condition.
Engine oil VDS-3
New low-emission engines complying with emission requirements from 2000 (Euro III or EC00-engines)
put high demands on engine oil.
To obtain long service life with maintained low emissions in combination with low fuel and oil consump-
tion, the VDS requirement specification has been further developed and adapted to these new engines.
This new specification is called Volvo Drain Specification-3 (VDS-3).

Notes
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GT2100003en 14
 Volvo Transmission oil 97310
Volvo Transmission oil 97312
API GL-5

ATF oil
Dexron III
Allison C4

SAE 80W
SAE 80W - 90
ATF Dextron III
SAE 80W API GL-4
3) 2) Volvo Transmission oil 97305
SAE 30 Volvo Transmission oil 97307
SAE 40 API GL-4

12 Oil grades, gearbox

Transmission oil
Transmission oils are used in manual gearboxes and rear axles. Quality standards for these oils have
been classified by API in classes GL1-GL5, where GL stands for Gear Lubricant and the number deter-
mines the area of use. Volvo also has its own quality standards for transmission oils. The most common
quality designations for transmission oils in manual gearboxes in Volvo buses are:
Volvo transmission oil 97305
Volvo transmission oil 97307
API GL-4
The most common quality designations for transmission oils in rear axles in Volvo buses are:
Volvo transmission oil 97310
Volvo transmission oil 97312
API GL-5
Oil for automatic transmissions
Automatic transmissions require lubricating oil with special properties as the oil also serves as hydraulic
oil in the control system. This oil must be thinly fluid, non-foaming and able to withstand high tempera-
tures. This puts high demands on cleanliness.
Oil used in automatic transmissions is called ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid). There are no general
quality standards that apply to ATF. Major manufacturers have established their own specifications and
the most common quality designations for automatic transmissions in Volvo Buses are General Motors
Specification Dexron III and Allison Specification Allison C4.

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GT2100003en 15
 Se ce a d a e a ce

e
nual servic
and an rt
Repo
ic
17 Bas
Group
Volvo Bus Corporation
Göteborg, Sweden
Service Bulletin
a- Buses
lubric
-2 luding
17744 service inc e Mileag
e Section Group No. Date

ch g
ic n 0 07 01 06.99
Bas a
nd oil
-
Reg.n
o. (signa
ted by
tion a nance s no.
Execu
ture)
Volvo Standard Times
mainte
si
, chas
Model JO no
.
ntive dr ive
Final
Preve ox Replaces earlier issue dated 12.98
mer Date Gearb
Custo
23
(2
o. Ser 6)
/N
e type 19 Bu vice B
Engin n" page ses ulle
positio 21
Volvo Standard Times (VST)
m dr iver's ak es " page tin
s fro ice br O p.n
\Check of serv pedal" o.

iver y date
ck se aling an d clutch
Del recom le.
- 9. Che This updateiftcovers linkagethe material found in section 1. Op
io n \1 sh era
Act ab gear 177 tion
ts, 1 = applic heck
\20. C Among the new features, a new predelivery and Ma
44
mmen ly, { = Not
out co iate 21 2 int
ec ti ed with tify immed , page warranty service has been implemented with new Ba
s
en
an
X = R d, 2 = Rec ne Inc ic ser
in engi ks" " page
24 ce
mende change level chec journals, , bodyetc.
eckstimes
24 - fu ludes: vice in Se
d lter d page rvi
io n, oil an vel and ui \In ternal ch d cl osing" - se nction clu
din ce
at l le Section 1 also an
ing includes a 25 variant code list - lu rvice al co
\Lubric eering - oi g lu Se
r op en ge p n ctio
st ge 9 Doo - ch bricati oints trol a bric n
power pa \26.specifying he s" pa 0
r"
oor ha
the tccurrent bus types and components. ang o n as p nd te atio Gro
page
9
oi l and lte pa ge 11 oo r, e e w it e r s t-
na Typ up

ng e engine l ge arbox" \27. Fl " pa ge 25 ngin h le

v
the
r
driv nd
oil
e 07 No
ls e e e e .
\1. Cha l in manua m is si on" W al l pane 177
4 2
oil
a n
l ch p o r
e t (
c ha
n 01
c
ck oil leve m at ic trans \28.
s" pa ge 25 2
d fil ks
te
exc
l.
g e
\2. C he of b B D
le ve l in auto 9. S un ro pa ge 25 Ba
s
r ody
w B
7R
B 06
ck oil \2 " Inc ic ser ork 6 7F .99
\3. Che 13 Indexeating system lu ) B1 B7 B B7L
12 rd er " page \3 0. H t" page
26 - fu des: vice e 0B 9M Tim
page re ta en n
- se ction x cl. V O B1 e
level in ge 14 uipm 2 B B10
ther eq lub B7 N
ck oil le" pa \31. O
Section rvic al
e p contr ric L 10M R
\4. Che rear ax hy- atio B1 3-A
level in g and page
27 oin
ts a ol an na 0
B1 M S xl
ck oil steerin body" s p d te nd 200
\5. Che l fo r power 0 General
ui pm ent, ....................................................................................... SM 0-07-01 er r st-d oil
ch a B
0L at8
.0 250
10L
ck oil leve page 15 ge 15 \S af ety eq
pa ge 27 epo
r t
riv
e n g 3
/10
.5
\6. Che diator fan" e ge ar" pa er 's seat" 27 1
(ex
c l.
e -Ax
l
/ra gl r- 2. DrivService and page 774
draulic l in an d rese \31 s" Maintenance .......................................................... SM 0-07-01 bod
oil leve utch ui r seat 27 6 yw B7
cking the cl ssenge g" page 2 ork B6
R
B7
\7. Che vel in openin
\323. PaEngine......................................................................................... An )
B1 B7 B B7L
F 300
uid le y door 28 chSM nu 0-07-02 350
C he cking d ui d E m ergenc m er " page a n
al s
e B
0B 9
B1 M B 400
. tion an \34. Inc ge r 7
\8
pa ge 16
pr ot ec tc he s, ham ge 28 lu
vic
e in B1
L
3 -A
2 B 10R
1
voir" st oof ha
3 5. RElectrical System and " paInstrumentation ....................................- fu SM d es: 0-07-03 clu 2 0M
ant fro stem - VO L-A xl
ck cool head- \3 arm sy ning tri - se nction din
\9. Che ge 16 n and arm, al kit, war - lu rvice al co
g lu B1 N xl
130
dscree Fire al t-aid bric
B1 L
0
level"
pa in win 17 ent, rs
4 \36. Power Transmission..................................................................
29 - ch bricSM poin ntro
atio 0-07-04
atio 160
ui d levels oirs" page et y equipm s, etc." page a ts a l an
d na B
0M
S
heck rv af - ch ge n n s nd 1 at8
\10. C her uid re
se \37. S arning sign t" pa ge 29 1 7 a n oil with per re test-d oil
0L
3 - .0/1
was 17 e, w uipmen 743
5 anglBrakes......................................................................................... ge SMin0-07-05 le
filte eng vel c port ( ive
r Ax 0.5
lamp r" page fety eq r in ine, hec excl.
l 200
air drie 17 ther sa 2
eng gea ks B7
heck page \38. O An bod R
\11. C ication" 6 Front suspension and Steering ................................................ cha nual s SM 0-07-06
ine r bo
, ge yw B6 B7
F 250
ha ss is lubr ge 29 I n g erv a r b
x, f
in
ork
) ) B1 B7 B B7L 2 0
\12. C ks" pa ge 29
nclu e ice ox, al dr 0
VO B B 9M 0
ge 19 l chec ps" paand Wheels.....................................
- fu des: exc pow ive 12 B 300
tion" pa ge 19 7 xter na Springs,k Dampers
Frame, of lam rs" - se nction SM 0-07-07 lud er s B7 N B1 10R
's posi ps" pa
\E
chec reecto ing tee L 0M
driver rol lam nction s and rvic al lub rin B1 3-A
s from d cont \39. Fu mirror e p contr ric g 0
B1 M Sa l
x
\Check an nt ro l
8 Body and rear -v
Interior iew o in
....................................................................... ts a SMo l a 0-07-0 a t ion 0 4 5 0
warning hicle co " B1 L t8.0
heck the ve heck ashers s p nd te and /10 500
\13. C des in \40. C and w 17 er r s oil
0L .5
wipers epo t-driv 3-A
fault co 20 9 page
29
Miscellaneous eck of
002 rt ( e xl
\14. C ge 19
heck " page ch............................................................................ S exc
in g heater Fu nction 30
2
F l. b B7
R
pa rk 20 1. ge ody
units" of pa ls" pa
ge \4 ws" pa
un B6 B7 600
check contro page
29
d windo acc ct3ion wo
B1 B7 B B7L
F
nction sition een an Ser ording al co
rk)
\15. Fu er's po indscr vic n 0
VO B B 9M 650
of driv ge 20 \42. W e a to Vo trol a B7 N
12 B
6. C heck nt ro ls" pa e- nd
M lvo nd L B1 10R
\1 co el 0
rder ar ter ain Bus test B1 3-A M
ck reta k of st t C d 0 xl

13 Volvo Standard Times, VST

At the top of the basic service, annual service and delivery service reports is a number, in these cases
17744-2, 17746-2 and 17102-2. These numbers are operation numbers and refer to a time in Volvo
Standard Times.
Volvo Standard Times is a time sheet in which all the most frequent work tasks/operations carried out on
Volvo buses can be found. This time sheet can be found under group 0, tab 07, in the service literature.
Volvo Standard Times (VST) for Volvo Buses
Standard times
Standard times are based on method and time studies carried out under garage conditions with the
required equipment. Relevant repair methods are prescribed by Volvo Service Manuals and Service
Bulletins. Standard times are issued for the following reasons:
1 To provide Volvo dealers and bus companies with the possibility of measuring the efficiency of their
garage.
2 To be used as a basis for charging for garage services.
3 To be used as a basis for codifying in accordance with Service Technical Information (STI) and for
compensation to authorised Volvo dealers from Volvo importers and other major Volvo fleet owners for
warranty repairs and policy undertakings.
Standard times can be adjusted whenever necessary due to revised methods, techniques, equipment,
etc.
Volvo Standard Times (VST) for buses are the times a mechanic requires to perform the tasks in ques-
tion provided the prescribed equipment, tools, spare parts and expendables are made available in the
work area. The elements included in VST and how the calculated times are grouped can be found in the
service literature.

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GT2100003en 16
Additional times
Volvo standard times do not include additional times, i.e. time for driving the bus in and out of the garage,
raising it on supports, stamping job cards, fetching spare parts, etc.
The following additional times are recommended times that may be need adjustment for local conditions
depending on garage layout and equipment, distance between garage and parking, etc. All times in VST
are specified at 100-level, i.e. 10 periods are the equivalent of 6 minutes.
(One period is the same as 60 min/100 = 60 sec).
For more information on VST, please refer to service literature, group 0, section 07.

Notes
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GT2100003en 17
14 VOSP - Volvo Service Program
The Volvo Service Program is a computer aid for establishing maintenance schedules to new and used
buses. Each schedule has been optimised for the bus type it was created for and takes into account the
bus specification, its estimated mileage and quality of oil and grease that is used for servicing.
VOSP give the opportunity to establish long-term customer relations. It takes only a few minutes to
create a customised service schedule for each vehicle.
VOSP is a Windows-based program and one of its advantages is that it is a very useful tool for service
contract acquisitions; another advantage is that there is no need to save reports on paper from com-
pleted service.
The program is logically structured and easy to use with one menu containing six different windows:
customer and vehicle data, service list, service intervals, bar chart, tables, quotes.
The VOSP software is available from Volvo Parts.

Notes
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GT2100003en 18
 Global Training

© Copyright 2002.06 Volvo Bus Corporation

GT2100003en