PARASITE DISEASE MODE OF INFECTION

INTESTINAL CESTODES:
Taenia Saginata (Beef Ingestion of raw or improperly cook beef
Taeniasis
Tapeworm) containing the infective larva (cystecircus)
Ingestion of raw or improperly cook pork
Taenia Solium (Pork Taeniasis &
containing the infective larva (cystecircus
Tapeworm) Cysticercosis
cellulose)
Ingestion of raw or improperly cook fish
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Diphyllobothriasis containing the infective larva
(Fish Tapeworm)
(plerocercoid or sparganum)
Hymenolepis Nana (Dwarf
Hymenolepiasis Ingested by rice or flour beetles
Tapeworm)
EXTRA-INTESTINAL CESTODE:
Echinococcus Granulosus Ingestion of food and water that is
Hydatid Cyst Disease
(Dog Tapeworm) contaminated by dog feces
TREMATODES:
Schistosoma Spp.
Schistosoma Mansoni,
Schistosomiasis Free swimming fork-tailed cercariae
Schistosoma Japonicum
(Bilharziasis) penetrate the skin
(Oriental blood fluke), &
Schistosoma Haematobium
Ingestion of undercooked or raw
Clonorchis Sinensis (Asian
Clonorchiasis freshwater fish containing the encysted
Liver Fluke)
larvae (metacercariae)
After ingestion of metacercariae (infective
stage) encysted on edible aquatic plants
Fasciola Hepatica (Sheep
Fascioliasis such as kangkong and watercess (2nd
Liver Fluke)
intermediate host) or by drinking water
with floating metacirciae
Paragonimiasis
Ingestion of undercooked or raw crab
Paragonimus Westermani (pulmonary distomiasis,
meat (or cray fish) that encysted larva
(Lung Fluke) endemic hemoptysis,
(metacercaria)
parasitic hemoptysis)
Fasciolopsis Buski Eating raw or inadequately cooked
Fascioliopsiasis
(Intestinal Fluke) aquatic vegetation
INTESTINAL NEMATODES:
Ascaris Lumbricoides (Giant Ingestion of food & water contaminated
Ascariasis
Roundworm) with human feces
Enterobius Vermicularis Enterobiasis
Ingestion of the eggs of the worm
(Pinworm) (Oxyuriasis)
Ingestion of the embryonated eggs in
Trichuris trichiura
Trichuriasis food or water contaminated by human
(whipworm)
feces
After penetration of the skin by the
Ancylostoma Duodenale
Hookworm Infection filariform larvae found in moist soil
(Old Wolrd hookworm) &
Feet or legs
 Necator Americanus (New
World hookworm)
Strongyloides Stercoralis Strongyloidiasis Free-living in soil
(threadwoem) (Cochin-china diarrhea) Skin penetration
Ingestion of undercooked or raw
Capillaria Philippinensis Intestinal Capillariasis
freshwater fish called bagsit
BLOOD AND TISSUE NEMATODES:
Wuchereria Bancrofti
Female mosquito, especially the
(Bancroft’s filarial worm) &
Filariasis (Elephantiasis) Anopheles and culex species, deposits
Brugia malayi (Malayan
the larvae on the skin while biting
filarial worm)
Ingestion of raw or undercooked meat
Trichinella Spiralis Trichinosis
containing larvae encysted in the muscle.