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Grade 5 Math Unit 5
Study Guide

Define the vocabulary words:

polygon: a closed plane figure made up of line segments that do not cross

regular polygon: a polygon with equal sides and equal angles

congruent lines: lines of equal length

congruent angles: angles of equal measure

hierarchy: a way to classify something (e.g. polygons) based on its characteristics

attributes: characteristics (e.g. the attributes of a triangle are its 3 sides, 3 angles)

distinguish: tell apart

Name each polygon based on its number of sides and angles:

triangle quadrilateral pentagon hexagon octagon decagon

List the attributes of the triangles:

acute triangle: a triangle with three acute angles

right triangle: a triangle with two acute angles and one right angle

obtuse triangle: a triangle with two acute angles and one obtuse angle

scalene triangle: a triangle with three sides of unequal length

isosceles triangle: a triangle with at least two congruent sides

equilateral triangle: a triangle with all congruent sides

Define the attributes of the quadrilaterals:

trapezoid: a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides

(***We DO NOT use the definition that says a trapezoid has exactly one pair of parallel sides.***)

parallelogram: a quadrilateral with two pair of parallel sides, two pair of congruent sides, two pair of opposite
congruent angles

rhombus: a quadrilateral with two pair of parallel sides, four congruent sides, two pair of opposite congruent
angles

rectangle: a quadrilateral with two pair of parallel sides, two pair of congruent sides, four right angles

square: a quadrilateral with two pair of parallel sides, four congruent sides, four right angles

kite: a quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent congruent sides and at least one pair of opposite congruent
angles
Use the word bank to complete the polygon hierarchy:
Word Bank
*parallelogram *quadrilateral *polygon
*kite *triangle *rhombus
*square *rectangle *isosceles
*equilateral *scalene triangle
triangle triangle
polygon

triangle quadrilateral

isosceles triangle scalene triangle kite trapezoid

equilateral triangle parallelogram

rhombus rectangle

square
Use the hierarchy to determine all of the labels:

equilateral triangle: equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, triangle, polygon (also an acute
triangle—but that is not shown on the above hierarchy)
scalene triangle: scalene triangle, triangle, polygon

isosceles triangle: isosceles triangle, triangle, polygon

square: square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, kite, trapezoid, quadrilateral, polygon

kite: kite, quadrilateral, polygon

trapezoid: trapezoid, quadrilateral, polygon

parallelogram: parallelogram, trapezoid, quadrilateral, polygon

rectangle: rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, quadrilateral, polygon

rhombus: rhombus, parallelogram, kite, trapezoid, quadrilateral, polygon

True/False—Why?
A square is a rectangle with no equal sides.

False—A square is a rectangle that has four equal sides.

A triangle cannot be both isosceles and equilateral.

False—An equilateral triangle is an isosceles triangle because it has three equal sides which means at least
two of its sides are equal.

A rectangle is not a polygon.

False—A rectangle is a polygon because it is a closed figure made up of line segments.

A parallelogram is always a trapezoid.

True—A parallelogram has two pairs of parallel sides which means it is a trapezoid because it has at least
one pair of parallel sides.

A square is a kite.

True—A square is a kite because all of its sides are congruent, and all of its angles are right angles, which
means that is has two pairs of adjacent congruent sides and at least one pair of opposite congruent
angles.

A four-sided figure with four congruent sides is always a rhombus.

True—Though some may say a square also has four congruent sides. This is true, but since a square is a
rhombus, any four-sided figure with four congruent sides is a rhombus. The same logic can be used to say
that any four-sided figure with four right angles is a rectangle.

A parallelogram with four right angles is always called a rectangle.

True—Like the parallelogram, a rectangle has two pairs of parallel sides and two pairs of congruent sides,
but unlike the parallelogram, it must have four right angles.

Parallelograms always have four congruent sides.

False—A parallelogram must have two pairs of congruent sides. If it has four congruent sides, it is also
called a rhombus.

An equilateral triangle can also be called a right triangle.

False—An equilateral triangle has three 60° angles. Since all three angles are acute, it can also be called an
acute triangle.

A scalene triangle can also be a right triangle.

True—A scalene triangle could be an acute triangle, an obtuse triangle, or a right triangle, depending on
its angle measures.