San Antonio - Wikipedia

2/22/2020 San Antonio - Wikipedia
Coordinates: 29°25′N 98°30′W
San Antonio
San Antonio (/ˌsæn ænˈtoʊnioʊ/; from Spanish, "Saint
Anthony," Spanish pronunciation: [sa.n‿anˈto.njo]), officially the
San Antonio, Texas
City of San Antonio, is the seventh-most populous city in the City
United States, and the second-most populous city in both Texas City of San Antonio
and the Southern United States, with more than 1.5 million
residents.[9] Founded as a Spanish mission and colonial outpost
in 1718, the city became the first chartered civil settlement in
present-day Texas in 1731. The area was still part of the Spanish
Empire, and later of the Mexican Republic. It is the state's oldest
municipality, having celebrated its 300th anniversary on May 1,
2018.[10][11][12]
The city's deep history is contrasted with its rapid growth over
the past few decades. It was the fastest-growing of the top ten
largest cities in the United States from 2000 to 2010, and the
second from 1990 to 2000.[13][14] Straddling the regional divide
between South and Central Texas, San Antonio anchors the
southwestern corner of an urban megaregion colloquially known
as the "Texas Triangle". The Greater San Antonio and Greater
Austin areas are separated from each other by 80 miles along
Interstate 35 between which lie the city of New Braunfels,Texas.
San Antonio serves as the seat of Bexar County; San Antonio is

the center of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan
statistical area. Commonly called Greater San Antonio, the metro
area has a population of 2,473,974 based on the 2017 U.S. census
estimate, making it the 24th-largest metropolitan area in the
United States and third-largest in Texas.[15]
San Antonio was named by a 1691 Spanish expedition for Saint

Anthony of Padua, whose feast day is June 13. The city contains
five 18th-century Spanish frontier missions, including The Alamo
and San Antonio Missions National Historical Park, which
together were designated UNESCO World Heritage sites in
2015.[16] Other notable attractions include the River Walk, the
Tower of the Americas, SeaWorld, the Alamo Bowl, and Marriage From top to bottom, left to right: Downtown
San Antonio, The Alamo, the Riverwalk, The
Island. Commercial entertainment includes Six Flags Fiesta
Pearl, Six Flags Fiesta Texas, SeaWorld
Texas and Morgan's Wonderland amusement parks. According San Antonio, and the Torch of Friendship.
to the San Antonio Convention and Visitors Bureau, the city is
visited by about 32 million tourists a year. It is home to the five-
time NBA champion San Antonio Spurs, and hosts the annual
San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo, one of the largest such events
in the U.S.
Flag
Seal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Antonio 1/31
The U.S. Armed Forces have numerous facilities in and around

San Antonio; Fort Sam Houston is the only one within the city
limits. Lackland Air Force Base, Randolph Air Force Base,
Lackland AFB/Kelly Field Annex, Camp Bullis, and Camp
Stanley are outside the city limits. Kelly Air Force Base operated
out of San Antonio until 2001, when the airfield was transferred
to Lackland AFB. The remaining parts of the base were
developed as Port San Antonio, an industrial/business park and Coat of arms
aerospace complex. San Antonio is home to six Fortune 500 Nickname(s): San Antone,[1][2][3][4] Alamo
companies and the South Texas Medical Center, the only medical City, Military City USA, River City, The 210,
research and care provider in the South Texas region. S.A., Countdown City, Something to
Remember
Motto(s): Latin: Libertatis cunabula ("Cradle
of Freedom")
Contents
History
Geography
Neighborhoods
Downtown
North Central
Northwest Side
South Side
East Side
West Side
Vegetation Location within Bexar County
Climate
Demographics
Religion
Economy
Military installations
Relocation losses
Culture San Antonio
Attractions
Sports
Professional sports
College sports Location within Texas
Crime Show map of Texas
Show map of the United States
Government
Show map of North America
Growth policy
Show all
State and federal representation
Coordinates: 29°25′N 98°30′W
Education
Country United States
Higher Education
State Texas
Secondary and Primary Education Counties Bexar, Medina, Comal
Military
Foundation May 1, 1718[6]
Media and entertainment Incorporated June 5, 1837[7]
Print Named for Saint Anthony of Padua
Radio
Television Government
Annual events • Type Council-Manager
• Body San Antonio City
Transportation Council
Air • Mayor Ron Nirenberg (I)
Mass transit • City Manager Erik Walsh
Rail • City Council List
Road Area
Bicycle paths • City 465.4 sq mi
Bicycle sharing (1,205.4 km2)
Walkability • Land 460.93[8] sq mi
(1,193.7 km2)
In popular culture • Water 4.5 sq mi (11.7 km2)
International relations Elevation 650 ft (198 m)
Sister cities
Population (2018)
Friendship cities
• City 1,532,233[5] (7th)
See also • Density 3,241.76/sq mi
(1,238.2/km2)
Notes
• Metro 2,518,036 (24th)
References • Demonym San Antonian
External links Time zone UTC−6 (CST)
• Summer (DST) UTC−5 (CDT)
Zip Codes 78201-66, 78268-70,
History 78275, 78278-80,
78283-89, 78291-99
Area codes 210 (majority), 830
Historical affiliations (portions), 726
Spanish Empire 1769–1821 Primary Airport San Antonio
Mexican Empire 1821–1823 International Airport
United Mexican States 1823–1836 SAT
Republic of Texas 1836–1846 (Major/International)
United States of America 1846–1861 Interstates
Confederate States of America 1861–
U.S. Routes
1865
United States of America 1865– Website www.SanAntonio.gov (h
present ttp://www.sanantonio.go
v/)
At the time of European
encounter, Payaya Indians lived near the San Antonio River Valley in the
San Pedro Springs area. They called the vicinity Yanaguana, meaning
"refreshing waters". In 1691, a group of Spanish explorers and
missionaries came upon the river and Payaya settlement on June 13, the
feast day of St. Anthony of Padua. They named the place and river "San
Antonio" in his honor.[17]
It was years before any Spanish settlement took place. Father Antonio de
Olivares visited the site in 1709, and he was determined to found a
Lithograph of San Antonio in 1886
mission and civilian settlement there. The viceroy gave formal approval
for a combined mission and presidio in late 1716, as he wanted to forestall
any French expansion into the area from their colony of La Louisiane to the east, as well as prevent illegal
trading with the Payaya. He directed Martín de Alarcón, the governor of Coahuila y Tejas, to establish the
mission complex. Differences between Alarcón and Olivares resulted in delays, and construction did not start
until 1718.[18]
Olivares built, with the help of the Payaya Indians, the Misión de San Antonio de Valero (The
Alamo), the Presidio San Antonio de Bexar, the bridge that connected both, and the Acequia Madre de
Valero.[6]
The families who clustered around the presidio and mission were the start of Villa de Béjar, destined to
become the most important town in Spanish Texas.[19] On May 1, the governor transferred ownership of the
Mission San Antonio de Valero (later famous as The Alamo) to Fray Antonio de Olivares.[6] On May 5, 1718 he
commissioned the Presidio San Antonio de Béxar ("Béjar" in modern Spanish orthography) on the west side of
the San Antonio River, one-fourth league from the mission.[18]
On February 14, 1719, the Marquis of San Miguel de Aguayo proposed to the king of Spain that 400 families be
transported from the Canary Islands, Galicia, or Havana to populate the province of Texas. His plan was
approved, and notice was given the Canary Islanders (isleños) to furnish 200 families; the Council of the
Indies suggested that 400 families should be sent from the Canaries to Texas by way of Havana and Veracruz.
By June 1730, 25 families had reached Cuba, and 10 families had been sent to Veracruz before orders from
Spain came to stop the re-settlement.[20]
Under the leadership of Juan Leal Goraz, the group marched overland from Veracruz to the Presidio San
Antonio de Béxar, where they arrived on March 9, 1731. Due to marriages along the way, the party now
included 15 families, a total of 56 persons. They joined the military community established in 1718. The
immigrants formed the nucleus of the villa of San Fernando de Béxar, the first regularly organized civil
government in Texas. Several older families of San Antonio trace their descent from the Canary Island
colonists. María Rosa Padrón was the first baby born of Canary Islander descent in San Antonio.[20]
During the Spanish-Mexican settlement of Southwestern lands, which took place over the following century,
Juan Leal Goraz Jr. was a prominent figure. He claimed nearly 100,000 sq miles (153,766 acres) as Spanish
territory and held some control for nearly three decades; this area stretched across six present-day states. San
Antonio was designated as Leal Goraz's capital. It represented Mexican expansion into the area. With his
robust military forces, he led exploration and establishing Spanish colonial bases as far as San Francisco,
California. Widespread bankruptcy forced Leal Goraz Jr.'s army back into the current boundaries of Mexico;
they fell into internal conflict and turmoil with neighboring entities.
San Antonio grew to become the largest Spanish settlement in Texas; it was designated as the capital of the
Spanish, later Mexican, province of Tejas. From San Antonio, the Camino Real (today Nacogdoches Road),
was built to the small frontier town of Nacogdoches. Mexico allowed European-American settlers from the
United States into the territory; they mostly occupied land in the eastern part. When Antonio López de Santa
Anna unilaterally abolished the Mexican Constitution of 1824, violence ensued in many states of Mexico.[21]
In a series of battles, the Texian Army succeeded in forcing Mexican soldiers out of the settlement areas east of
San Antonio, which were dominated by Americans. Under the leadership of Ben Milam, in the Battle of Bexar,
December 1835, Texian forces captured San Antonio from forces commanded by General Martin Perfecto de
Cos, Santa Anna's brother-in-law. In the spring of 1836, Santa Anna marched on San Antonio. A volunteer
force under the command of James C. Neill occupied and fortified the deserted mission.[22]
Upon his departure, the joint command of William Barrett Travis and James Bowie were left in charge of
defending the old mission. The Battle of the Alamo took place from February 23 to March 6, 1836. The
outnumbered Texian force was ultimately defeated, with all of the Alamo defenders killed. These men were
seen as "martyrs" for the cause of Texas freedom and "Remember the Alamo" became a rallying cry in the
Texian Army's eventual success at defeating Santa Anna's army.[22]
Juan Seguín, who organized the company of Tejano patriots, who fought for Texas independence, fought at
the Battle of Concepción, the Siege of Bexar, and the Battle of San Jacinto, and served as mayor of San
Antonio. He was forced out of office due to threats on his life by sectarian newcomers and political opponents
in 1842, becoming the last Tejano mayor for nearly 150 years.[23]
In 1845, the United States finally decided to annex Texas and include it as a state in the Union. This led to the
Mexican–American War. Though the U.S. ultimately won, the war was devastating to San Antonio. By its end,
the population of the city had been reduced by almost two-thirds, to 800 inhabitants.[24] Bolstered by
migrants and immigrants, by 1860 at the start of the American Civil War, San Antonio had grown to a city of
15,000 people.
Following the Civil War, San Antonio prospered as a center of the cattle industry. During this period, it
remained a frontier city, with a mixture of cultures that was different from other U.S. cities. In the 1850s
Frederick Law Olmsted, the landscape architect who designed Central Park in New York City, traveled
throughout the South and Southwest, and published accounts of his observations. In his 1859 book about
Texas, Olmsted described San Antonio as having a "jumble of races, costumes, languages, and buildings",
which gave it a quality that only New Orleans could rival in what he described as "odd and antiquated
foreignness."[25][26]
One profound impact on the city that has been almost forgotten was the German immigrants who settled in
the region. The German immigrants settled in smaller towns such as New Braunfels and Fredericksburg and
many more town off of present-day interstate 10. The Germans were then drawn to San Antonio for work, and
many buildings and streets can still be seen with German names such as Wurzbach, Huebner, and Jones
Maltsberger. The German impact on San Antonio may not seem profound nowadays, but it was. In the early
1900s it is estimated that at least 1/2 of San Antonio was ethnically German. Many ancestors of German
immigrants in Texas spoke Texas German up to the 5th generation, Texas German is a dialect of German
common in Texas when the German language was separated from Germany. Texas German is best described
as anglicized-German dialect with a Texas accent.
In 1877, following the Reconstruction Era, developers constructed the first

railroad to San Antonio, connecting it to major markets and port cities.
Texas was the first state to have major cities develop by railroads rather
than waterways. In Texas, the railroads supported a markedly different
pattern of development of major interior cities, such as San Antonio,
Dallas and Fort Worth, compared to the historical development of coastal
port cities in the established eastern states.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the streets of the city's downtown
Aerial view of San Antonio in 1939 were widened to accommodate street cars and modern traffic. At that
time, many of the older historic buildings were demolished in the process
of this modernization.[27]
Since the late twentieth century, San Antonio has had steady population growth. The city's population has
nearly doubled in 35 years, from just over 650,000 in the 1970 census to an estimated 1.2 million in 2005,
through both population growth and land annexation (the latter has considerably enlarged the physical area of
the city).[28] In 1990, the United States Census Bureau reported San Antonio's population as 55.6% Hispanic
or Latino, 7.0% black, and 36.2% non-Hispanic white.[29]
The San Antonio Missions National Historical Park and The Alamo became UNESCO World Heritage sites in
2015 and the city was designated a UNESCO "City of Creativity for Gastronomy" in 2017, one of only 26
gastronomy creative cities in the world.[16]
Over 31,000 migrants who requested asylum have been released by the Border Patrol into the city in 2019
during the National Emergency Concerning the Southern Border of the United States.[30]
Geography
San Antonio is approximately 75 miles (121 km) to the southwest of its neighboring city, Austin, the state
capital, about 190 miles (310 km) west of Houston, and about 250 miles (400 km) south of the Dallas–Fort
Worth area. The city has a total area of 465.4 square miles (1,205.4 km2)—460.93 square miles (1,193.8 km2)
of which is land and 4.5 square miles (11.7 km2) of which is water.[8] The city's gently rolling terrain is dotted
with oak trees, forested land, mesquite, and cacti. The Texas Hill Country reaches into the far northern
portions of the city. San Antonio sits on the Balcones Escarpment. Its altitude is 650 feet (198 m) above sea
level.
The city's primary source of drinking water is the Edwards Aquifer. Impounded in 1962 and 1969,
respectively, Victor Braunig Lake and Calaveras Lake were among the first reservoirs in the country built to
use recycled treated wastewater for power plant cooling, reducing the amount of groundwater needed for
electrical generation.
Neighborhoods
Downtown
Downtown San Antonio, the city and metro area's
urban core, encompasses many of the city's famous
structures, attractions, and businesses. The central Downtown San Antonio in 2012
business district is generally understood to cover
the northern half of the "Downtown Loop"— the
area bordered by Cesar Chavez to the south. Due to the size of the city and its
horizontal development, downtown accounts for less than one half of one percent
of San Antonio's geographic area.
North Central
North Central is home to several enclaves and upscale neighborhoods including
Castle Hills, Hollywood Park, Elm Creek, Inwood, and Rogers Ranch. The area is
also the location of upper-middle-class neighborhoods (Deerfield, Churchill
Estates, Hunter's Creek, Oak Meadow, and Summerfield).
Northwest Side
Northwest Side is the location of the main campus of the University of Texas at Memorial to the Alamo
San Antonio, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and defenders in Downtown
the Northwest Campus of the University of the Incarnate Word, which includes
the Rosenberg School of Optometry. The Medical Center District is also located in
Northwest Side. Companies with headquarters in the area include Valero and NuStar Energy.
South Side
The South Side area of San Antonio is characterized for its predominantly Latino and Hispanic
neighborhoods, an average above 81 percent. Large growth came to South Side when Toyota constructed a
manufacturing plant. Palo Alto College and the Texas A&M University-San Antonio are located in the area.
East Side
The East Side of San Antonio is home to the San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo, the AT&T Center, and the
Freeman Coliseum. The area has the largest concentration of black residents.
West Side
The West Side is predominantly Hispanic and working class, with pockets of wealth in the northwest and far
west. It includes the diverse neighborhoods of Avenida Guadalupe, Collins Garden, Las Palmas, Prospect Hill,
San Juan Gardens, Loma Park, Loma Vista, Memorial Heights, and Westwood. It is also home to the historic
Our Lady of the Lake University and St. Mary's University.
Vegetation
Natural vegetation in the San Antonio area (where undisturbed by development) includes oak-cedar
woodland, oak grassland savanna, chaparral brush, and riparian (stream) woodland. San Antonio is at the
westernmost limit for both Cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) and Spanish moss.
Climate
San Antonio has a transitional humid subtropical climate San Antonio
that borders a semi-arid climate towards the west of the Climate chart (explanation)
city (Köppen: Cfa) and (Köppen climate classification:
J F M A M J J A S O N D
BSk) [31][32][33] featuring very hot, long, and humid
summers and mild to cool winters. The area is subject to 91 95 95
90
86
descending northern cold fronts in the winter with cool 80 82
74 71
to cold nights, typically seeing night lows at or near 62
67 64
72 74 74
freezing and is warm and rainy in the spring and fall. San 66 69
57 59
Antonio falls in USDA hardiness zones 8b (15 °F to 50 49
42
20 °F) and 9a (20 °F to 25 °F).[34] 39 41
San Antonio receives about a dozen subfreezing nights

each year, typically seeing snow, sleet, or freezing rain
about once every two or three winters, but accumulation 1.8 1.8 2.3 2.1 4 4.1 2.7 2.1 3 4.1 2.3 1.9
and snow itself are very rare. Winters may pass without
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
any frozen precipitation at all, and up to a decade has
Precipitation totals in inches
passed between snowfalls. According to the National
Weather Service, there have been 32 instances of Source: NOAA
snowfall (a trace or more) in the city in the past 122 Metric conversion
years, about once every four years. Snow was most J F M A M J J A S O N D
recently seen on December 7, 2017, when 1.9 inches
(5 cm) of snow coated the city.[35] On January 13, 1985, 30
33 35 35
32
27 28
San Antonio received a record snowfall of 16 inches 24 22
(41 cm).[36][37] 17
20
22 23 23
20
18
19
14 15
San Antonio and New Braunfels, 40 miles (64 km) to the 10 9
4 6 5
northeast, are some of the most flood-prone regions in
North America.[38] The October 1998 Central Texas
floods were among the costliest floods in United States
history, resulting in $750 million in damage and 32
45 45 59 53 102 105 70 53 77 104 58 49
deaths. In 2002, from June 30 to July 7, 35 in (890 mm) Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
of rain fell in the San Antonio area, resulting in Precipitation totals in mm
widespread flooding and 12 fatalities.[39]
Tornadoes within the city limits have been reported as recently as February 2017, although they seldom
occur.[40] An F2 tornado lands within 50 mi (80 km) of the city on average once every five years. San Antonio
has experienced two F4 tornadoes, one in 1953 and another in 1973. The 1953 tornado resulted in two deaths
and 15 injuries.[41]
In San Antonio, July and August tie for the average warmest months, with an average high of 95 °F (35 °C).
The highest temperature ever recorded was 111 °F (44 °C) on September 5, 2000.[42] The average coolest
month is January. The lowest recorded temperature ever was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1949.[42] May,
June, and October have quite a bit of precipitation. Since recording began in 1871, the average annual
precipitation has been 29.03 inches (737 mm), with a maximum of 52.28 inches (1,328 mm) and a minimum
of 10.11 inches (256.8 mm) in one year.[43]
Climate data for San Antonio (San Antonio Int'l), 1981–2010 normals,[a] extremes 1885–present[b]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high 89 100 100 101 104 108 106 110 111 99 94 90 111
°F (°C) (32) (38) (38) (38) (40) (42) (41) (43) (44) (37) (34) (32) (44)
Mean
79.8 84.3 88.1 92.5 95.9 98.4 99.7 101.5 98.2 92.9 85.4 80.2 102.9
maximum °F
(26.6) (29.1) (31.2) (33.6) (35.5) (36.9) (37.6) (38.6) (36.8) (33.8) (29.7) (26.8) (39.4)
(°C)
Average 62.9 66.9 73.5 80.5 87.0 92.3 94.6 96.0 90.3 82.2 72.2 64.0 80.3
high °F (°C) (17.2) (19.4) (23.1) (26.9) (30.6) (33.5) (34.8) (35.6) (32.4) (27.9) (22.3) (17.8) (26.8)
Daily mean 51.8 55.6 62.2 69.3 76.9 82.5 84.6 85.4 79.7 71.2 61.2 52.9 69.5
°F (°C) (11.0) (13.1) (16.8) (20.7) (24.9) (28.1) (29.2) (29.7) (26.5) (21.8) (16.2) (11.6) (20.8)
Average low 40.7 44.2 50.8 58.1 66.8 72.6 74.6 74.7 69.1 60.1 50.1 41.7 58.7
°F (°C) (4.8) (6.8) (10.4) (14.5) (19.3) (22.6) (23.7) (23.7) (20.6) (15.6) (10.1) (5.4) (14.8)
Mean
25.1 27.1 32.3 40.9 53.0 63.9 69.1 68.5 55.0 41.8 32.5 25.0 20.8
minimum °F
(−3.8) (−2.7) (0.2) (4.9) (11.7) (17.7) (20.6) (20.3) (12.8) (5.4) (0.3) (−3.9) (−6.2)
(°C)
Record low 0 4 19 31 42 48 60 57 41 27 21 6 0
°F (°C) (−18) (−16) (−7) (−1) (6) (9) (16) (14) (5) (−3) (−6) (−14) (−18)
Average
1.76 1.79 2.31 2.10 4.01 4.14 2.74 2.09 3.03 4.11 2.28 1.91 32.27
precipitation
(45) (45) (59) (53) (102) (105) (70) (53) (77) (104) (58) (49) (820)
inches (mm)
Average
0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7
snowfall trace
(1.8) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (1.8)
inches (cm)
Average
precipitation
7.0 7.2 8.8 6.4 8.5 7.5 5.2 4.7 6.6 6.9 6.7 7.5 83.0
days
(≥ 0.01 in)
Average
snowy days 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4
(≥ 0.1 in)
Average
relative 67.1 65.2 63.2 66.3 70.5 68.8 65.0 64.7 68.0 67.2 68.3 68.0 66.9
humidity (%)
Mean
monthly
159.4 169.7 215.5 209.7 221.8 275.9 308.8 293.9 234.9 218.0 171.9 149.7 2,629.2
sunshine
hours
Percent
possible 49 54 58 54 52 66 72 72 63 61 54 47 59
sunshine
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)[44][45][46], The Weather Channel[47]
Climate data for San Antonio
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily daylight hours 11.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 13.0 12.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 12.2
Average Ultraviolet index 4 6 8 10 11 11 11 11 10 7 5 4 8.2
Source: Weather Atlas[48]
Demographics
Racial composition 2010[51] 1990[29] 1970[29] 1950[29] Historical population
White 72.6% 72.2% 91.4% 92.8% Census Pop. %±
1850 3,488 —
—Non-Hispanic whites 26.6% 36.2% 47.7% n/a
1860 8,235 136.1%
Black or African American 6.9% 7.0% 7.6% 7.0% 1870 12,256 48.8%
Asian 2.4% 1.1% 0.3% 0.2% 1880 20,550 67.7%
Hispanic or Latino (of any 1890 37,673 83.3%
63.2% 55.6% 44.9% n/a 1900 53,321 41.5%
race)
1910 96,614 81.2%
According to the 2010 U.S. Census, 1,327,407 people resided in San 1920 161,379 67.0%
Antonio city proper, an increase of 16.0% since 2000. The racial 1930 231,542 43.5%
composition of the city based on the 2010 U.S. Census is as follows: 1940 253,854 9.6%
72.6% White (non-Hispanic whites: 26.6%), 6.9% Black or African 1950 408,442 60.9%
American, 0.9% Native American, 2.4% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian or 1960 587,718 43.9%
Pacific Islander, 3.4% two or more races, and 13.7% other races. In 1970 654,153 11.3%
addition, 63.2% of the city's population was of Hispanic or Latino origin, 1980 785,940 20.1%
of any race.[51] 1990 935,933 19.1%
2000 1,144,646 22.3%
According to the 2000 U.S. Census, the city proper had a population of 2010 1,327,407 16.0%
1,144,646,[52] ranking it the ninth-most populated city in the country. Est. 2018 1,532,233 [49] 15.4%
historical data sources:[50]
Due to San Antonio's low density rate and lack of significant metropolitan
population outside the city limits, the metropolitan area ranked just 30th
in the U.S. with a population of 1,592,383 in 2000.[53] San Antonio has a large Hispanic population with a
significant African American population.[53]
Subsequent population counts indicate continued rapid growth in the area.

As stated above, the 2010 U.S. Census showed the city's population at
1,327,407,[54] making it the second-most-populous city in Texas (after
Houston), as well as the seventh-most-populous city in the United States.
The 2011 U.S. census estimate for the eight-county

San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan area placed its population at
2,194,927.[55] The 2017 estimate for Greater San Antonio was 2,473,974,
making it the third-most populous metro area in Texas (after the Dallas-
Fort Worth metroplex and Greater Houston) and the 24th-most populous
metro area in the U.S.[15] The metropolitan area is bordered to the
northeast by Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos, and the two metropolitan Map of racial distribution in San
Antonio, 2010 U.S. Census. Each
areas together combine to form a region of over 4.7 million people known
dot is 25 people: White, Black,
as the "Austin-San Antonio Corridor" or "Austintonio".[56][57] Asian Hispanic of any race, or
other (yellow)
About 405,474 households, and 280,993 families reside in San Antonio.
The population density is 2,808.5 people per square mile (1,084.4 km2).
There are 433,122 housing units at an average density of 1,062.7 per square mile (410.3 km2).
The age of the city's population is distributed as 28.5% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from
25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. In San
Antonio, 48% of the population are males, and 52% of the population are females. For every 100 females,
there are 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 89.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $36,214, and the median income for a family is $53,100.
Males have a median income of $30,061 versus $24,444 for females. The per capita income for the city is
$17,487. About 17.3% of the population and 14.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total
population, 24.3% of those under the age of 18 and 13.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty
line.[58]
Religion
According to information gathered by Sperling's BestPlaces, Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the
San Antonio area.[59] Its prevalence is due to San Antonio's Spanish and Mexican Catholic heritage. As a
result, the largest Christian church in the city is the Catholic Church (32.1%). San Antonio's Catholic
community is served by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Antonio which was established on August 28,
1784 under the then Diocese of Galveston.[60] It was elevated to archdiocese status in 1926.[60] In 2014 the
San Antonio Archdiocese claimed 2,458,351 members.
Baptists make up San Antonio's second largest Christian group (8.1%). The largest Baptist bodies in the city
and metro area are the Baptist General Convention of Texas and Southern Baptist Convention.[59] Other
Christian bodies in San Antonio and the metro area include Methodists (2.8%), Lutherans (1.7%), Pentecostals
(1.5%), Latter-Day Saints (1.5%), Presbyterians (0.8%), and Episcopalians (0.7%). Per Sperling's BestPlaces,
Christians including the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, United Church of Christ, Jehovah's Witnesses,
and others make up 8.1% of San Antonio's "Other Christian" populace.[59] Outside of Christianity, Islam is the
second largest religion practiced in San Antonio (1.2%). Eastern religions such as Buddhism, Sikhism, and
Hinduism also have a significant presence in San Antonio.[59][61] 0.3% of the area identifies with Judaism.
Economy
San Antonio has a diversified economy with a gross domestic product
(GDP) of approximately $96.8 billion. This ranks the city fourth in Texas SAT Corporation US
and 38th in the United States.[62] San Antonio's economy focuses 1 Valero Energy Corp. 31
primarily on military, health care, government-civil service, financial 2 Andeavor 90
services, oil and gas, and tourism. Within the past twenty years, the city 3 USAA 100
has become a significant location for American-based call centers and has 4 iHeartMedia 452
added a sizable manufacturing sector centered around automobiles.
Located about 10 miles northwest of Downtown is South Texas Medical Center, a conglomerate of various
hospitals, clinics, and research (see Southwest Research Institute and Texas Biomedical Research Institute)
and higher educational institutions.
Over twenty million tourists visit the city and its attractions every year, contributing substantially to its
economy, primarily due to The Alamo and the River Walk.[63] The Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center
alone hosts over 300 events annually with more than 750,000 convention delegates from around the world.
Tourism provided over 130,000 jobs, and it had an economic impact of $13.6 billion in the local economy.[64]
The city of San Antonio received $195 million in the same year from the hospitality industry, with revenues
from hotel occupancy tax, sales taxes and others.
San Antonio is the headquarters of six Fortune 500 companies: Valero Energy, Andeavor (formerly Tesoro
Corp), USAA, iHeartMedia, NuStar Energy, and CST Brands, Inc..[65] H-E-B, the 13th-largest private company
in the U.S.[66] is also based in San Antonio.
Other companies headquartered in the city include Bill Miller Bar-B-Q

Enterprises, Carenet Health, Security Service Federal Credit Union,
Visionworks of America, Frost Bank, Harte-Hanks, Kinetic Concepts,
SWBC, NewTek, Rackspace, Taco Cabana, Broadway Bank, Zachry
Holdings/Zachry Construction Company, Randolph-Brooks Federal
Credit Union, SAS, and Whataburger. The North American Development
Bank, a development institution jointly held by the governments of the
U.S. and Mexico, is headquartered in San Antonio as well. Other notable Headquarters of Valero Energy
Corporation
companies that maintain sizable presences in the city include Hulu, OCI,
Kaco New Energy, Silver Spring Networks, Toyota, Argo Group, EOG
Resources, Microsoft, Cogeco Peer1, and Boeing.
In 2015, San Antonio was ranked at No. 50 by Forbes magazine on their list of the "Best Places for Business
and Careers", while being listed as the 15th best market for job growth.[67]
Military installations
The city is home to one of the largest concentrations of military bases in the U.S., and has been nicknamed
Military City, USA. The city is home to several active military installations: Lackland Air Force Base, Brooke
Army Medical Center, Randolph Air Force Base, and Fort Sam Houston. The defense industry in San Antonio
employs over 89,000 and provides a $5.25 billion impact to the city's economy.[68]
Relocation losses
San Antonio has lost several major company headquarters, the largest being the 2008 move of AT&T Inc. to
Dallas "to better serve customers and expand business in the future."[69] In 1997, Titan Holdings and USLD
Communications had sold their operations to larger companies. After a Los Angeles buyout specialist
purchased Builders Square, the company's operations were moved out of San Antonio.[70]
Culture
Attractions
San Antonio is a popular tourist destination. The Alamo Mission in San
Antonio ("The Alamo"), located in Downtown, is Texas' top tourist
attraction. Because of the mission, San Antonio is often called "Alamo
City".[71]
The River Walk, which meanders through the Downtown area, is the city's
second-most-visited attraction, giving it the additional nickname of "River
City". Extended an additional 13 miles between 2009–2013, the
landscaped walking and bike path line the San Antonio River from the
"Museum Reach" beginning in Brackenridge Park through downtown,
"Downtown Reach", past the Blue Star's "Eagleland" to the "Mission
Cathedral of San Fernando
Reach" ending near Loop 410 South past Mission Espada.[72] Lined with
numerous shops, bars, and restaurants, as well as the Arneson River
Theater, this attraction is transformed into an impressive festival of lights during the Christmas and New Year
holiday period (except for the Mission Reach), and is suffused with the local sounds of folklorico and flamenco
music during the summer, particularly during celebrations such as the Fiesta Noche del Rio.
The Downtown area also features San Fernando Cathedral, The Majestic Theatre, Hemisfair (home of the
Tower of the Americas, and UTSA's Institute of Texan Cultures), La Villita, Market Square, the Spanish
Governor's Palace, and the historic Menger Hotel. The Fairmount Hotel, built in 1906 and San Antonio's
second oldest hotel, is in the Guinness World Records as one of the heaviest buildings ever moved intact. It
was placed in its new location, three blocks south of the Alamo, over four days in 1985, and cost $650,000 to
move.
The city is home to three animal attractions. SeaWorld, 16 miles (26 km)
west of Downtown in the city's Westover Hills district, is the number 3
attraction and one of the largest marine life parks in the world. The very
popular and historic San Antonio Zoo is in the city's Brackenridge Park. A
third animal attraction was developed by British company Merlin
Entertainments to accompany SeaWorld as a second aquarium attraction
and indoor counterpart. The new attraction is inside the Shops at
Rivercenter in Downtown San Antonio and is one of Merlin's Sea Life
Aquariums. The San Antonio Aquarium is the third and final attraction.
San Antonio is also home to several commercial amusement parks,

including Six Flags Fiesta Texas, Splashtown and Morgan's Wonderland, a
theme park for children with special needs.[73] Kiddie Park, featuring old-
fashioned amusement rides for children, was established in 1925, and is
the oldest children's amusement park in the U.S.
San Antonio is home to the first museum of modern art in Texas, the
McNay Art Museum. Other art institutions and museums include ArtPace, Tower of the Americas
Blue Star Contemporary Art Center, the Briscoe Western Art Museum,
Buckhorn Saloon & Museum (where visitors can experience something of
cowboy culture year round), San Antonio Museum of Art, formerly the Lonestar Brewery, Say Sí (mentoring
San Antonio artistic youth), the Southwest School of Art, Texas Rangers Museum, Texas Transportation
Museum, the Witte Museum and the DoSeum. An outdoor display at North Star Mall features 40-foot
(12 meters)-tall cowboy boots.
The city's five missions, the four in the San Antonio Missions National Historical Park plus The Alamo, were
named UNESCO World Heritage sites on July 5, 2015.[16] The San Antonio Missions became the 23rd U.S. site
on the World Heritage list, which includes the Grand Canyon and the Statue of Liberty; it is the first site in
Texas. The new Mission Reach of the River Walk was completed in 2013, and created over 15 miles of biking,
hiking, and paddling trails that connect the Missions to Downtown and the Broadway Corridor.[74]
Other places of interest include the San Antonio Botanical Garden, Brackenridge Park, the Japanese Tea
Gardens, the Sunken Garden Theater, The Woodlawn Theatre and the Majik Theatre, a children's educational
theater.
In 2015 work was authorized to begin on the restoration of the former Hot Wells hotel, spa, and bathhouses
on the San Antonio River on the city's south side.[75]
Sports
Professional and major NCAA D1 sports teams (ranked by attendance)

Venue Championship
Club Sport League Founded Attendance Titles
(capacity) years
UTSA American NCAA Division Alamodome
2011 27,576 0
Roadrunners football I (65,000)
San Antonio AT&T Center [o 1]
Basketball NBA 1967 18,418 5
Spurs (18,580)
Wolff
San Antonio Pacific Coast [o 2]
Baseball 1888 Stadium 8,500 13
Missions League
(9,200)
San Antonio AT&T Center
Ice hockey AHL 2002 7,001 0
Rampage (16,151)
USL Toyota Field
San Antonio FC Soccer 2016 6,765 0
Championship (8,300)
Crossmen
Drum Drum Corps
Drum and 1975 Varies Varies 0
Corps International
Bugle Corps
San Antonio Major League
Quidditch 2019 Varies Varies 0
Soldados Quidditch
1. 1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2014

2. 1897, 1908, 1933, 1950, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2013
Professional sports
The city's only top-level professional sports team, and consequently
the team most San Antonians follow, is the San Antonio Spurs of the
National Basketball Association. Previously, the Spurs played at the
Alamodome (which was speculatively built in an attempt to lure a
professional football team to the region), and before that the
HemisFair Arena. They moved into the SBC Center in 2002 (since
renamed the AT&T Center), built with public funds.
The AT&T Center is also home to the San Antonio Rampage of the
American Hockey League, who are owned by the Spurs organization.
The AT&T Center, home of the NBA's
San Antonio is home to the Triple-A San Antonio Missions who play
Spurs
at Nelson Wolff Stadium and are the minor league affiliate of the
Milwaukee Brewers.
San Antonio had a professional soccer franchise when the San Antonio Thunder played two seasons in the
original NASL during the 1975–1976 seasons. Professional soccer returned with the birth of the San Antonio
Scorpions of the modern NASL in 2012. The Scorpions won the 2014 Soccer Bowl, the first soccer
championship in city history. On December 22, 2015, it was announced that Toyota Field and S.T.A.R. Soccer
Complex were sold to the City of San Antonio and Bexar County, a deal which was accompanied by an
agreement for Spurs Sports and Entertainment to operate the facilities and field a team that plays in the
United Soccer League. San Antonio FC began play in the soccer-specific stadium, Toyota Field, in 2016. As a
result, the San Antonio Scorpions franchise of the NASL was shut down. San Antonio has two rugby union
teams, the Alamo City Rugby Football Club, and San Antonio Rugby Football Club.
The San Antonio metropolitan area's smaller population has so far contributed to its lack of an NFL, MLB,
NHL, or MLS team. City officials are said to be attempting to lure the National Football League permanently
to San Antonio. Former NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue stated San Antonio was successful in temporarily
hosting the New Orleans Saints following Hurricane Katrina, and that the city would be on the short list for
any future NFL expansions. The city has also hosted the Dallas Cowboys and Houston Oilers preseason camps
in the past, and the Cowboys practiced in San Antonio through 2011.[76] Cowboys owner Jerry Jones
acknowledged his support for the city to become home to an NFL franchise.[77]
The city has played host to a number of major and minor league football teams, primarily at Alamo Stadium
and the Alamodome. The San Antonio Gunslingers of the United States Football League and the San Antonio
Riders of the World League of American Football played for two seasons each in the 1980s and 1990s,
respectively; while the San Antonio Wings of the World Football League and the San Antonio Texans of the
Canadian Football League each played a single season. In 2018, the Alliance of American Football announced
that the San Antonio Commanders would play in the city beginning in 2019.[78] The Commanders opened play
at the Alamodome in February 2019. San Antonio was also home to the minor-league Toros of the Texas
Football League (later the Continental Football League, then Trans-American Football League) from 1966-
1971; and the minor-league Charros of the American Football Association from 1978-1981.
The Valero Texas Open is a professional golf tournament on the PGA Tour held at San Antonio since 1922. It
has been played at TPC San Antonio since 2010. Previous venues include the Brackenridge Park Golf Course,
La Cantera Golf Club and Pecan Valley Golf Club; the latter also hosted the 1968 PGA Championship. The
Alamo Ladies Classic was an LPGA Tour event held from 1960 to 1973.
The first Rising Phoenix World Championships was held at Grand Hyatt, San Antonio in 2015.
San Antonio is home to the Crossmen Drum and Bugle Corps, a world class competitor in Drum Corps
International. The Crossmen are consistent finalists in the DCI World Championships, having placed in the
elite top 12, 29 times with their most recent finals appearance being in 2019.
San Antonio received an expansion team in 2019 for Major League Quidditch. The team would be called the
San Antonio Soldados. This creates local rivalry with the Austin Outlaws.
College sports
The University of Texas at San Antonio fields San Antonio's main NCAA Division I athletic teams, known as
the UTSA Roadrunners. The teams play in Conference USA. The university added football in 2011, hiring
former University of Miami coach Larry Coker as its initial head coach. Roadrunner football began play in
2011, with a record of 4-6. UTSA set attendance records for both highest attendance at an inaugural game
(56,743) and highest average attendance for a first year program (35,521). The Roadrunners moved to the
Western Athletic Conference in 2012, and to Conference USA in 2013. University of the Incarnate Word also
fields a full slate of NCAA Division I athletic teams, known as the Incarnate Word Cardinals; however, their
football team competes in the football championship subdivision in the Southland Conference.
Trinity University fields all the typical collegiate sports, but at the NCAA Division III level. Trinity competes in
the Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference (SCAC). The Trinity baseball team won the 2016 Division III
College World Series, one of six national team and 21 national individual championships won by the school's
athletic program in the Division III era[79]. Prior to moving to Division III, Trinity was a national power in
tennis, winning five USTA women's championships and one NCAA men's title between 1968 and 1976[80].
Chuck McKinley won the men's championship at Wimbledon and was a member of the winning Davis Cup
team as a student at Trinity in 1963.[81]
San Antonio hosts the NCAA football Alamo Bowl each December, played among the Big XII and Pac-12 each
December in the Alamodome. The city is also home of the U.S. Army All-American Bowl,[82] played annually
in the Alamodome and televised live on NBC. The Bowl is an East versus West showdown featuring the
nation's top 90 high school football senior players. The game has featured NFL stars Reggie Bush, Vince
Young, Adrian Peterson, and many other college and NFL stars.
The University of Texas at San Antonio fields the only collegiate men's rugby team in the city. UTSA competes
in Division III Texas Rugby Union.
Crime
Crime in San Antonio began to rise in the early 1980s. In 1983 San Antonio had the 10th highest homicide rate
in Texas with 18.5 homicides per 100,000 residents.[83] The number of juveniles arrested in San Antonio for
violent crimes tripled between 1987 and 1994, according to the Texas Law Enforcement Management and
Administration Statistics Program. The number of youths arrested for unlawfully carrying firearms doubled
over the same period.
In 1993 San Antonio was nicknamed the "Drive-By City" after San Antonio Police Department recorded over
1,200 drive-by shootings or nearly 3.5 per day. That figure overshadowed the number in other Texas cities,
and it unofficially marked San Antonio as the state's drive-by capital. Although no part of the city was
immune, the vast majority of the violence occurred on the East and West Sides, particularly where poverty was
prevalent. Gang members killed each other and innocent bystanders to protect their home turf and drug-
selling interests. Housing projects such as Alazan-Apache Courts, Cassiano Homes, East Terrace and
Wheatley Courts served as hubs for different groups, sometimes housing multiple rival gangs.[84] By the end
of 1993 the city hit a peak in homicides with 230 killings, the highest since 1991 when 211 were killed.[85]
In 2016, the number of murders hit 151, the highest toll in 20 years. A majority of the San Antonio homicide
victims were Hispanic and African American men between ages 18 and 29. 40% of the killings were either
drug-related or domestic incidents.[86][87]
Government
The City of San Antonio runs under the council-manager system of
government. The city is divided into 10 council districts designed to
be of equal population. Each district elects one person to the city
council, with the mayor elected on a citywide basis. All members of
the San Antonio City Council, including the mayor, are elected to two-
year terms and are limited to four terms (except for those who were in
office in November 2008 and are limited to a total of two terms).
Houston and Laredo have similar term limits to San Antonio. All
positions are elected on nonpartisan ballots, as required by Texas law. City Hall, San Antonio, Texas (postcard,
Council members are paid $45,722 and the mayor earns $61,725 a circa 1906)
year. The current mayor is Ron Nirenberg, who was elected in 2017
with 54.59% of the vote.[88] Nirenberg was narrowly reelected in 2019
against conservative challenger Greg Brockhouse.[89][90]
The council hires a city manager to handle day-to-day operations. The council effectively functions as the city's
legislative body with the city manager acting as its chief executive, responsible for the management of day-to-
day operations and execution of council legislation. The current city manager is Erik Walsh.
The city operates its own electric and gas utility service, CPS Energy. The San Antonio Police Department
(SAPD) is the city's municipal body of law enforcement. The San Antonio Fire Department (SAFD) provides
the city with fire protection and EMS service.
The city stretches into several national congressional districts and is represented in Congress by:[91]
Senate
Ted Cruz (R)
John Cornyn (R)
House of Representatives
Texas District 20: Joaquin Castro (D)
Texas District 21: Charles E. "Chip" Roy (R)
Texas District 23: Will Hurd (R)
Texas District 28: Henry Cuellar (D)
Texas District 35: Lloyd Doggett (D)
State Governor
Greg Abbott (R)
Growth policy
Unlike most large cities in the U.S., San Antonio is not completely surrounded by independent suburban
cities, and under Texas state law[92] it exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) over much of the
surrounding unincorporated land,[93] including planning major thoroughfares and enforcing rules for platting
and subdivision. It pursues an aggressive annexation policy and opposes the creation of other municipalities
within its ETJ.[94] Nearly three-fourths of its land area has been annexed since 1960.[95]
In the 2000s the city annexed several long narrow corridors along major thoroughfares in outlying areas to
facilitate eventual annexation of growth developing along the routes. The city planned to annex nearly 40
additional square miles by 2009.[96] In May 2010, the City of San Antonio agreed to release thousands of acres
of land in its extraterritorial jurisdiction along Interstate 10 to Schertz. The agreement releases a total of 3,486
acres (14.11 km2) of San Antonio's ETJ lands north of I-10 to Schertz. The ETJ lands are in an area bordered
by FM 1518 to the west, Lower Seguin Road to the north, Cibolo Creek to the east and I-10 to the south.[97]
Involuntary annexation is a controversial issue in those parts of unincorporated Bexar County affected by it.
Residents attracted to the outlying areas by lower taxes and affordable real estate values often see annexation
as a mechanism to increase property tax rates (which are primarily driven by school district taxes, not city
taxes) without a corresponding improvement in services such as police and fire protection, while the city
regards its annexation policy as essential to its overall prosperity.[98]
Since the city has annexed a large amount of land over time, San Antonio surrounds several independent
enclave cities, including Alamo Heights, Terrell Hills, Olmos Park, Hollywood Park, Hill Country Village,
Castle Hills, Windcrest, Kirby, Balcones Heights, and Shavano Park. These are not districts of the City of San
Antonio like Lincoln Heights and Brackenridge Park but independent cities in the San Antonio region
completely surrounded, but not directly controlled, by the City of San Antonio.
State and federal representation

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) operates the Parole Division Region IV headquarters in the
San Antonio Metro Parole Complex. San Antonio district parole offices I and III are in the parole complex,
while office II is in another location.[99]
The Texas Department of Transportation operates the San Antonio District Office in San Antonio.[100]
The United States Postal Service operates San Antonio's Main Post Office.[101] Other post offices are located
throughout San Antonio.
Education
Higher Education
San Antonio hosts over 100,000 students in its 31 higher-education
institutions. Publicly supported schools include UT Health San
Antonio, the University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), Texas A&M
University–San Antonio, and the Alamo Community College District.
UTSA is San Antonio's largest university.
San Antonio Main Post Office
Private universities include Trinity University, St. Mary's University,
Our Lady of the Lake University, University of the Incarnate Word,
Webster University, Baptist University of the Américas, Hallmark
University, Oblate School of Theology, and the Southwest School of
Art, which enrolled its first BFA class in 2014. The San Antonio Public
Library serves all of these institutions along with the 19 independent
school districts within the Bexar County/San Antonio metropolitan
area.[102]
The University of Texas at San Antonio
San Antonio is also home to a campus of The Culinary Institute of
America[103]
Secondary and Primary Education

The city is home to more than 30 private schools and charter schools.
These schools include: Keystone School, St. Gerard Catholic High
School, Central Catholic Marianist High School, Incarnate Word High
School, Saint Mary's Hall, The Atonement Academy, Antonian College
Preparatory High School, San Antonio Academy, Holy Cross High
School, Providence High School, The Carver Academy, Keystone
School, TMI – The Episcopal School of Texas, St. Anthony Catholic Trinity University
High School, Lutheran High School of San Antonio, and Harmony
Science Academy(School of Science and Technology).
The City of San Antonio and Bexar County are also served by the following 17 separate independent school
districts (ISDs) which each encompass elementary, middle, and high schools:
Alamo Heights
East Central
Edgewood
Fort Sam Houston
Harlandale
Judson
Lackland
Medina Valley
North East
Northside
Randolph Field
San Antonio
Schertz-Cibolo-Universal City
South San Antonio

Southside
Southwest
Somerset
Military
San Antonio is home to U.S. Air Force Basic Military Training (AFBMT). The Air Force only has one location
for enlisted basic training: the 737th Training Group, at Lackland Air Force Base. All new Air Force recruits go
through the same basic training at Lackland. Each year, over 35,000 new recruits go through AFBMT. In
addition, METC (the Military Education and Training Campus), which provides the medical training for the
U.S. military at Fort Sam Houston, hosts 30 programs and over 24,000 annual graduates. It is the largest
medical education center in the world.
Media and entertainment
Print
San Antonio has one major newspaper, the San Antonio Express-News, which has served the area since 1865.
The Express-News circulates as the largest newspaper service in South Texas. The Hearst Corporation, which
owned a second newspaper, the San Antonio Light, purchased the Express-News from News Corp. in 1992
and shut down the Light after failing to find a buyer.
Hearst, using the Express-News brand, also produces Conexión, a weekly magazine written by an entirely
Hispanic staff with a Hispanic spin on weekly events. The San Antonio Current is the free "alternative" paper
published weekly with local political issues, art and music news, restaurant listings and reviews, and listings of
events and nightlife around town. The San Antonio Business Journal covers general business news. La
Prensa, a bilingual publication, also has a long history in San Antonio. They closed their doors in June
2018.[104] Edible San Antonio, San Antonio's bimonthly food magazine, is published every eight weeks. The
64-page full-color magazine, distributed free across the city, is printed in soy ink on recycled paper and covers
the city's food scene with an emphasis on local food and sustainability. The San Antonio River Walk Current
covers general San Antonio news. The San Antonio Observer is the only African-American Newspaper in San
Antonio since 1995 and the largest in all of South Texas.
Radio
About 50 radio stations can be heard in the San Antonio area—30 of them are in the city proper. San Antonio
is home to iHeartMedia, the largest operator of radio stations in the U.S. Its flagship, WOAI AM-1200, is
known for its local news operation, considered among the best in the country. It is a 50,000-watt clear
channel station that reaches most of North America at night. The first radio station to broadcast in south
Texas was KTSA AM-550 in 1922.
The region's National Public Radio member is Texas Public Radio, a group of three stations; KSTX 89.1 FM is
NPR news/talk, KPAC 88.3 is a 24-hour classical music station, and KTXI 90.1 is a mix of NPR news/talk and
classical music broadcast for the West Central Texas Hill Country. KSTX also broadcasts "Riverwalk Jazz",
featuring Jim Cullum Jazz Band at The Landing, a fixture on the River Walk since 1963.
KRTU 91.7 is a non-commercial radio station based at Trinity University. Unlike most other college radio
stations in the US, the station plays jazz 17 hours a day and college rock/indie rock at night. College alternative
station KSYM, 90.1 FM, is owned by the Alamo Community College District and operated by San Antonio
College students; like KRTU, it plays the Third Coast music network during the day and alternative music at
night.
Most Latin stations in the area play regional Mexican, Tejano or contemporary pop. On January 12, 2006,
Univision-owned KCOR-FM "La Kalle 95.1" changed its format from Hispanic-Rhythmic Contemporary Hits
to Spanish Oldies, then named "Recuerdo 95.1". On November 10, 2006, Univision flipped KLTO Tejano
97.7's format to reggaeton in an attempt to reintroduce the format to San Antonio. Then 97.7 was flipped again
to feature a rock format. The station no longer broadcasts anything in English. While still owned by Univision,
it broadcast music by artists such as Linkin Park, before being sold to the Educational Media Foundation and
flipping once again to Air1.
95.1 was then flipped back to the "La Kalle" format again after being flipped to feature a "95X" format. KLTO
was acquired and is operated as a simulcast of KXTN-FM Tejano 107.5. San Antonio radio is diversified, due
to an influx of non-Tejano Latinos, mostly from the East Coast, who serve in the city's various military bases,
as well as immigrants from Mexico. Therefore, just like in the rest of the country, radio station conglomerates
have been changing formats in San Antonio to reflect shifting demographics.
Television
Despite the relatively large size of both the city proper and the
metropolitan area, San Antonio has always been a medium-sized
market. It presently ranks 33rd in the United States, according to
marketing research firm ACNielsen.[105] By comparison, the other
two Texas cities with populations of over a million people, Houston
and Dallas, are among the 10 largest markets. This is mainly because
the nearby suburban and rural areas are not much larger than the city
itself. Additionally, the close proximity of Austin truncates the
potential market area.
WOAI-TV is San Antonio's NBC affiliate.
San Antonio-based TV stations are WOAI channel 4 (NBC), KSAT
channel 12 (ABC), KENS channel 5 (CBS), KABB channel 29 (FOX),
KCWX channel 2 (myNetworkTV), KMYS channel 35 (The CW) and KLRN channel 9 (PBS). The market is
also home to six Spanish-language stations, three religious stations, three independent stations and one
Internet-based station (210 TV[106]). As of 2010, the San Antonio market has 65% cable TV penetration.
Annual events
Yearly events, such as Fiesta San Antonio (the city's signature event), Luminaria (a contemporary arts festival)
and Fiesta Noche del Rio, add a variety of entertainment options to the area, as well as strengthening the
economy. Fiesta San Antonio alone carries an annual economic impact of $340 million.[107] The city also plays
host to SAFILM-San Antonio Film Festival every summer in August.[108] About to celebrate 25 years, the film
festival is the largest in South Texas.
Transportation
Air
The San Antonio International Airport (SAT) is located in uptown San Antonio, about eight miles north of
Downtown. San Antonio International Airport is the 6th busiest airport based on passenger boardings in
Texas and 44th in the United States.[109] It has two terminals and is served by 11 airlines serving 42
destinations. In May 2017 Air Canada opened its reach to Texas creating a non-stop flight between San
Antonio and Toronto. Stinson Municipal Airport is a reliever airport located six miles (10 km) south of
Downtown San Antonio. The airport has three runways and is also home to the Texas Air Museum.
Mass transit
A bus and rubber tired streetcar (bus) system is provided by the city's
metropolitan transit authority, VIA Metropolitan Transit. VIA's full
fare monthly unlimited Big Pass is $38 per month. VIA began
operating a Bus Rapid Transit line known as VIA Primo[110] in
December 2012, which connects Downtown San Antonio to the South
Texas Medical Center, the main campus of the University of Texas at
San Antonio, and the independent enclave city of Leon Valley.
In August 2010, VIA Metropolitan Transit unveiled buses that are

powered by diesel-electric hybrid technology.[111] The 30 hybrid buses
A VIA bus stopped at a Downtown San
were put into service on VIA's express routes to serve daily
Antonio intersection
commuters across the city. This set of buses follows the introduction
of new vehicles powered by compressed natural gas, which were
unveiled in May 2010. In the fall of 2010, VIA took delivery of three new buses that are powered by electricity
from on-board batteries. These buses serve the Downtown core area, and are the first revenue vehicles VIA
operates which have zero emissions.[111]
VIA offers 89 regular bus routes and two Downtown streetcar routes. This includes express service from
Downtown to park and ride locations in the south, west, northwest, north central and northeast sides of the
city, with service to major locations such as UTSA, Six Flags Fiesta Texas and SeaWorld. VIA also offers a
special service to city events including Spurs games and city parades from its park and ride locations. VIA has,
among its many routes, one of the longest local transit routes in America. Routes 550 (clockwise) and 551
(counterclockwise) travel 48 miles (77 km) one way as they loop around the city.[112]
Rail
San Antonio is served by two Amtrak routes - the daily Chicago to San Antonio Texas Eagle and the thrice-
weekly New Orleans to Los Angeles Sunset Limited.[113] On the days that the Sunset Limited operates, a
section of the Texas Eagle continues west with it, offering Chicago to Los Angeles through service. The old
Sunset Station is now an entertainment venue owned by VIA and neighbored by the current station and the
Alamodome.[114]
Freight service from San Antonio to Corpus Christi is provided by the Union Pacific Railroad. The predecessor
route, including passenger service, from 1913 to 1956 was provided by the San Antonio, Uvalde and Gulf
Railroad, or "The Sausage", as it was commonly termed. The SAU&G was merged into the Missouri Pacific
Railroad in 1956 and subsequently subsumed by the Union Pacific.[115][116]
San Antonio became the largest American city without an intra-city rail system when Phoenix, the former
largest city without such a system, procured one in 2008. A proposed passenger rail line, Lone Star Rail,
would have linked San Antonio to Austin, but was cancelled in 2016 after 19 years of planning.[117]
Road
San Antonio is served by these major freeways:
Interstate 10: McDermott Freeway (Northwest) runs west toward

El Paso, Phoenix and Los Angeles. Jose Lopez Freeway (East)
runs east toward Seguin, Houston, New Orleans and Jacksonville
Interstate 35: Pan Am Expressway (Northeast/Southwest)—runs
south toward Laredo and runs north toward Austin, Dallas–Fort
Worth, Oklahoma City, Kansas City, Des Moines, and
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Interstate 37: Lucian Adams Freeway (Southeast)—runs from San
Antonio through its junction with US Highway 281 south (Edinburg
and McAllen) near Three Rivers and into Corpus Christi through
US 281 southbound towards Downtown
its junction with Interstate 69E/US Highway 77 south (Kingsville,
San Antonio
Harlingen and Brownsville) to its southern terminus at Corpus
Christi Bay.
Interstate 410: Connally Loop—simply called Loop 410 (four-ten) by locals is a 53-mile (85 km) inner
beltway around the city.
US 90: Cleto Rodriguez Freeway (West) through Uvalde and Del Rio to its western terminus at I-10 in Van
Horn. Prior to I-10 East and US 90 West expressway being built US 90 traveled through the west side via
West Commerce St. (westbound) and Buena Vista St. (eastbound) and Enrique M. Barrera Pkwy. On the
east side it traveled along East Commerce St. to its current alignment which runs concurrent with I-10 East
to Seguin.
US 281: McAllister Freeway (North) to Johnson City and Wichita Falls. Southbound, it runs concurrent with
I-37, then I-410 for 4 miles (6 km), then heads south to Pleasanton. Prior to I-37 and McAllister Fwy. being
built US 281 traveled through the north side via San Pedro Ave. and the south side via Roosevelt Ave.
State Highway 151: Stotzer Freeway runs from US Hwy 90 West through Westover Hills which includes
SeaWorld to its western terminus at State Loop 1604.
State Loop 1604: Charles W. Anderson Loop—simply called 1604 (sixteen-oh-four) by locals—is a 96-mile
(154 km) outer beltway around San Antonio.
Other highways include:
US 87: Southbound to Victoria along Roland Avenue then Rigsby Avenue. It runs concurrent with I-10 for
52 miles (84 km) where it goes to San Angelo northbound.
US 181: Starts 0.5 miles (0.8 km) south of I-410/I-37/US 281 interchange and heads toward Corpus Christi
via Beeville. Prior to I-37 being built, US 181 traveled along Presa St. from Downtown to its current
alignment.
State Highway 16: From Freer, it runs concurrent with I-410 for 17 miles (27 km) along southwest San
Antonio, over to Bandera Road to Bandera
State Highway 130: Starting at its southern terminus at I-35 South, it travels along East S Loop 410 until I-
10/US-90, where it runs concurrently with the interstate until outside of Seguin, turning into a state toll
road.
State Highway Spur 421: Also known more commonly as "Culebra Rd." and "Bandera Rd." inside Loop
410.
State Highway Spur 422: Known as the Poteet Jourdanton Freeway. It was originally planned to have a
high speed direct connection to I-35.
State Loop 345: Fredericksburg Road by locals; is the business loop for I-10 West/US-87 North.[118]
State Loop 368: Broadway and Austin Highway by locals; is the business loop for I-35 North.[119]
State PA 1502 (Wurzbach Parkway): Limited-access, high speed road parallel to north IH-410. It has
connections to I-35 (via O'Connor Rd.) and I-10 (via Wurzbach Rd.) across the north side of town.
State Loop 353: Nogalitos Street and New Laredo Highway is the business loop for I-35 South.[120]
State Loop 13: Is the city's inner loop on the south side serving Lackland AFB, Port San Antonio, South
Park Mall and Brooks CityBase traveling along Military Dr. on the south side and WW White Rd. on the
east side to its junction with I-35/I-410. The northern arc of the loop is now I-410.
Along with FM 471, FM 1957, and State Highway 211
Also, the city has multiple streets with the same (or similar) names. As examples:
"Military Dr.", "Military Hwy.", and "Military Dr. West"—Military Drive loops around the western and
southern parts of the city. Military Highway, also called "Northwest Military Drive" by the locals, serves the
northwestern part of the city. Military Drive West serves the far western portion of the city. None intersect
each other.
"Wurzbach Rd.", "Wurzbach Pkwy.", and "Harry Wurzbach Rd."—Wurzbach Rd. serves the northwestern
part of the city. Wurzbach Pkwy., an expressway, is an east–west road serving the northwestern and
northeastern parts of the city (and can be considered an extension of Wurzbach Rd.). Harry Wurzbach Rd.
runs past Fort Sam Houston and Terrell Hills on the city's northeast side, and it does not intersect
Wurzbach Rd. or Wurzbach Pkwy.
"Hausman Rd." and "S. Hausman Rd." are two roads serving Helotes and the far northwest side of the
city. Hausman is a major road, and a route used by locals of Helotes and NW San Antonio as an
alternative to Loop 1604 connecting to I-10. S. Hausman is a suburban road that does not connect with
Hausman (despite its name).
Of the five largest cities in Texas, San Antonio is the only one without toll roads. (Houston, Dallas, Austin, and
Fort Worth have toll roads.)
Bicycle paths
San Antonio has about 136 miles (219 km) of bike lanes, routes or off-road paths.[121] Off-road trails travel
along the San Antonio River, linear greenways, or city parks. Although largely disconnected, the progress to
create a bicycle-friendly environment was recognized when San Antonio was designated a bronze-level
"Bicycle Friendly Community" in 2015 by the League of American Bicyclists.[122]
Bicycle sharing
A bike sharing service was approved by the city council on June 17, 2010.[123] The initial program consisted of
140 bikes at 14 locations supported by a "central hub". It is expected to serve both residents and visitors. San
Antonio Bike Share, a non-profit, was formed to oversee the operation, locally operated and maintained by
Bike World. B-Cycle, the same system used in Denver, supplies the bike share system. It began operation in
March 2011.[124]
Walkability
A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked San Antonio the 40th-most walkable of the fifty largest cities in the United
States. With an average Walk Score of 33, San Antonio is one of the most car-dependent major cities in
America.[125]
In popular culture
Movies predominantly filmed in San Antonio include Wings (1927), I Wanted Wings (1941), Viva Max!
(1969), Sugarland Express (1974), Piranha (1978), Cloak and Dagger (1984), Pee Wee's Big Adventure
(1985) and Selena (1997).[126] The 2014–2017 NBC television series The Night Shift took place in San Antonio,
with its themes focusing on the city's medical and military presence.[127]
International relations
Sister cities
San Antonio is twinned with:
– Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico (1953)[128]

– Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (1974)[128][129]
– Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain (1975)[128]
– Gwangju, South Korea (1981)[128][130]
– Kaohsiung, Taiwan (1981)[128]
– Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain (1983)[128] A train in Darmstadt, Germany
showcasing the Sister City
– Kumamoto, Japan (1987)[128]
relationship with San Antonio
– Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (2008)[128][131]
– Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (2012)[128]
– Windhoek, Namibia (2016)[132]
– Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany (2017)[133]
Friendship cities
– Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China (2010 friendship city)[128][134]
– Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel (2011 friendship city)[135]
See also
List of people from San Antonio
National Register of Historic Places listings in Bexar County, Texas
San Antonio Area Foundation
Notes
a. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire
month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1981 to 2010.
b. Official records for San Antonio were kept at downtown from March 1885 to December 1940, at Stinson
Municipal Airport from January 1941 to June 1942, and at San Antonio Int'l since July 1942. For more
information, see Threadex (http://threadex.rcc-acis.org)
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External links
City of San Antonio (http://www.sanantonio.gov/)
Visit San Antonio (http://www.visitsanantonio.com/)
San Antonio Missions: Spanish Influence in Texas, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places
(TwHP) lesson plan (http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/2sanantonio/2sanantonio.htm)
San Antonio City Data (http://www.city-data.com/city/San-Antonio-Texas.html)
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Coordinates: 29°25′N 98°30′W

San Antonio serves as the seat of Bexar County; San Antonio is

San Antonio was named by a 1691 Spanish expedition for Saint

The U.S. Armed Forces have numerous facilities in and around

In 1877, following the Reconstruction Era, developers constructed the first

San Antonio receives about a dozen subfreezing nights

Climate data for San Antonio

Average Ultraviolet index 4 6 8 10 11 11 11 11 10 7 5 4 8.2

Source: Weather Atlas[48]

Subsequent population counts indicate continued rapid growth in the area.

The 2011 U.S. census estimate for the eight-county

Other companies headquartered in the city include Bill Miller Bar-B-Q

San Antonio is also home to several commercial amusement parks,

Professional and major NCAA D1 sports teams (ranked by attendance)

1. 1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2014

State and federal representation

Secondary and Primary Education

South San Antonio

Media and entertainment

In August 2010, VIA Metropolitan Transit unveiled buses that are

Interstate 10: McDermott Freeway (Northwest) runs west toward

– Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico (1953)[128]

5. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results" (https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sana

72. "Destination SA Update 2011" (http://www.sanantoniotourism.com/downloads/research/DestinationSARep

92. Texas Local Government Code section 212.003 (http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/LG/htm/LG.21

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Antonio&oldid=941975332"

This page was last edited on 21 February 2020, at 20:06 (UTC).

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