Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. Lamp Standards
A1. General Quality Standards
A2. Parts Diagrams
A3. QC Lighting Standards
B. Body Materials
B1. Crystal
B2. Glass
B3. Acrylic
B4. Polyresin
B5. Metal
B6. Ceramic
B7. Mirrors
C. Lamp Shades
C1. General quality
C2. General parts diagram
C3. Visual sizing of shades
C4. Measurements
C5. Heat Ventilation
C6. Shade Shapes
C7. Lampshade materials
C8. Lamp fitting types
D. Bulbs and Sockets
D1. Socket types
D2. Base types
D3. Bulb types
E. Switches
E1. Switch types
F. Outlets and ports
F1. Outlet and Port types
A. Lamp Standards
A1. General quality standards:
‐UL Approval & Label: Provide UL approved and labeled products for U.S. or equivalent governing certification.
‐Codes: Comply with governing electrical codes for lighting.
‐Lamps: To maintain guest satisfaction, comply with color quality performance, instant on, silent, and flicker free
operation equivalent to incandescent lamps.
‐Color: 2700 degrees Kelvin minimum, 85 CRI . Per individual specification.
‐Metal Components: Seal with clear powder coating to withstand 1000 hour salt spray test.
‐Cord: Provide electric cord of sufficient length to reach electrical outlet.
‐Bases: Provide table lamps and floor lamps with weighted bases to prevent tipping. Include power outlet in table lamp
base.
‐Desk lamp cords to have sufficient insulating construction to prevent interference and have a minimum wire thickness
of 18 gauge
A2. Parts Diagrams:
A3. QC Lighting Standards:
Category A: Raw materials and finished components
‐Tubing, plates, ballast, outlets, usb, wires pass QC.
‐Dimension of cut metal components must match approved shop drawings.
‐Metal work welding and polishing of good quality, no rough spots.
‐Salt test at plating factory passed (48 hour 1 year, 72 hour 2 year)
‐Checking for plating quality, welding, polishing.
Category B: Finishes
*REQUIRE photos of master sample next to pre production sample approved by designer by email.
‐Metal finish matches shop and master sample.
‐Lamp shade material and color match shop and master sample.
‐Confirm dimensions of the shade/quality of the shade.
‐Glass or acrylic material matches shop and master sample
‐Color of paint matches the voice of color sample, and shop drawing
‐Wood or stone finish matches the shop and sample
Category C: Assembly and UL testing of mass production
‐Confirmation of all components (metal, electrical, shade, hardware)
‐Neg positive test
‐Temperature test
‐High voltage test
‐Wiring flow test‐does it illuminate with specified bulb
‐LED aging test 48 hrs completed
‐Tilt test
Category D: Packaging and Qty
‐Final clean and application of UL sticker with approved number.
‐Packaging materials and methods follow Standards
B. Body Materials
B1. Crystal (leaded glass)
‐Crystal is a type of glass. Normal glass is a mixture of silicate (sand), lime, and soda. Crystal glass differs from normal
glass as it contains high levels of lead oxide (leading to its more correct name: leaded glass).
‐The most important aspect of crystal glass (especially in the lighting industry) is the refraction index and clarity. Crystal,
unlike glass, will fragment light beams into a rainbow of colors sparking through the facets. Greater workability also
allows for crystal glass to be formed into thinner and more delicate shapes.
B2. Glass
‐Regular soda‐lime glass has several attributes that make it a good choice for many applications. The harder, but not
denser, composition of glass makes it less likely to scratch.
‐When utilized for forms that are rounded and not faceted (such as rounded body lamp bases ), regular glass is more
than suitable.
‐Blown glass is best used in pendants, or areas that are not in constant contact with users. For bedside lamps, however,
in high use areas, the more durable choice is Acrylic.
‐Glass can be frosted, or clear.
‐Frosted glass will make the shade appear white, and will diffuse the light. The light will still be brighter near the source.
This example shows a dual shade. The outside is clear, the inside shade is frosted.
B3. Acrylic
‐Acrylic shades or bases offer a most cost effective, lighter weight, and less breakable solution for a glass look base or
shade.
‐Acrylic can be clear, frosted, or colored to match any color, externally or internally.
‐The finish on the acrylic can be matte or gloss.
‐Shades made of acrylic are also good for sconces in wet or high traffic areas where linen would not be suitable.
‐Acrylic sheets are readily available and when formed into shapes do not require a mold.
‐Acrylic is a common material used for diffusers as well
B4. Polyresin
‐Polyresin is not as clear as acrylic, and not as hard as acrylic, so It should be used in situations where solid colors are
needed for a molded base.
‐It can be painted or colored to imitate stone, or metal , or textured surfaces like wood or ceramic.
‐Each shape requires a mold to be created.
B5. Metal
‐Metal lamp bases can be round or square tube or sheet metal, welded into a variety of designs.
‐Metal can be powder coated or plated.
‐See standard metal finishes for options.
‐ All stainless should be of a gauge appropriate to piece and have no objectionable weld joints.
‐Polishing must be done to a satisfactory finish, to allow for proper plating adhesion.
‐Plated and powder coated components must pass the salt test.
‐ Metal finishes must have clear enamel matte coating, clear rust inhibitor, baked enamel, or powder coated finish for
humidity protection to prevent rust and corrosion. Manufacturer to ensure materials are non‐corrosive and suitable for
use in high humidity and salt air locations as required.
Electroplating‐ Electroplating is a process that uses electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a
coherent metal coating on an electrode. Electroplating changes the actual surface properties of the metal.
Powdercoating‐ Powder coating is a type of coating that is applied as a free‐flowing, dry powder. The coating is applied
electrostatically and is then cured under heat to allow it to flow and form a "skin". It creates a hard finish that is tougher
than conventional paint. Powder coating can be non metallic, or contain metallic particles.
Standard metal codes are specified using the following designations:
1. Each “color” is represented by a Letter.
2. Each “finish” is represented by a Letter. (P‐Polished, B‐Brushed, X‐Powdercoated)
B6. Ceramic
‐Ceramic is a heavy, breakable material, made from clay
‐Glazes can create unique patterns only available with clay
‐Voids can be removed from the clay to create a lattice effect
‐Clay can be sculpted into a variety of artistic forms, using a potter’s wheel or sculpting tools
C.Lamp Shades
C1. General quality:
‐Rust preventing coating on frame
‐Well seamed trimming on top ring and bottom ring
‐Color coated ribs to match shade, vertical piping as specified
‐Tight knit weave fabric with complementary Hardback lining
‐High craftsmanship ensuring a long‐lasting shade
‐Adequate spacing between bulb and shade for wattage as specified
C2. General parts diagram:
C3. Visual sizing of shades:
Typically, the shade size should be 1/3 of the overall lamp,
leaving 2/3 of the height for the base, and large enough to
cover the bulb and socket. The Typical width of the shade is 2
times the width of the base. However, an over or undersized
shade can create artistic effect.
C4. Measurements:
To measure a lampshade list the:
Top Dia x Bottom Dia X Height or Slant
Measure the height of the lampshade through the
center. If there is a drop for the washer, it is measured
from the top of the shade to the top of the washer.
Note also the fitting type. (UNO or Spider with harp)
C5. Heat Ventilation:
The crucial information you need to obtain in order to determine if the shade is large enough for the bulb strength you
are going to use is the “critical radius” or measurement taken from the middle of the light bulb to the inside edge of the
lamp shade (see diagram). For example, for a 60‐watt bulb, there must be at least 2‐7/8″ of space between the filament
and inside edge of the lamp shade in order to operate safely.
The Underwriters Laboratories rating (UL rating) listed on the socket will indicate the highest wattage bulb allowed for
that shade and this rating should be strictly adhered to. Through extensive testing they have determined the following
safe critical radius ratios:
C6. Shade Shapes:
Shades are available in Any one of our
standard shade fabrics.
Some styles available in acrylic, or glass
(frosted or clear).
Custom shapes and sizes available.
C7. Lampshade Fabrics:
C8. Lamp fitting types:
A Fitter is the component that a lamp shade uses to attach to the base. The two that are used commonly in the
hospitality industry are:
Slip UNO Fiting/Drop UNO
The spider holds a metal ring, which sits on the socket, and is
held in place by the lightbulb. This style requires no harp, and
no finial.
Spider with Harp
A spider fitter has a small metal ring in the center on the top of the
shade. This sits on top of the harp, which is a metal component, that fits
into the harp saddle, which is connected to the socket. You secure the
components by screwing on a decorative metal top piece, called a finial.
The harp is usually 1‐2” shorter than the shade height
D.Bulbs and Sockets
D1. Socket types:
Socket standard Medium base CFL Socket‐GU 24 bulb Circulene Fluorescent bulb and ballast
Socket back to back twin Socket S‐body twin
D2. Base types:
D3. Bulb types:
E.Switches
E1. Switch types:
Push through‐ ADA Push button at base‐ ADA
Rotary Switch‐ Non ADA Dimmer Switch‐ Non ADA
F.Outlets and Ports
F1. Outlet/Port types:
Single convenience outlet (Can use more than 1 per lamp)
USB Port RJ45 Port