Local Literature

1. Last year, the total physical album sales dropped by 16.5 percent from the sales in the year of 2016.
(Arceo-Dumlao, 2018)

Reference: Arceo-Dumlao, T.(2018). For the record: Vinyl volume rising. Retrieved September 22, 2018,
from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer/20180420/282016147922926

2. Music piracy is a double-edged sword for the music industry. On the one hand, it hurts record sales.
On the other hand, it increases sales of its complements. To quantify the effect of music piracy, I
construct a unique survey data set and use a Bayesian method to estimate the demand for music and
iPods, and find three things. First, music piracy decreases music sales by 24% to 42%. Second, music
piracy contributes 12% to iPod sales. Finally, counterfactual experiments show that, if music were free,
the increase in Apple's profits from iPod can more than compensate the loss of musicians (Leung, 2013)
Reference: Leung, T.C. (2013). Music Piracy: Bad for Record Sales But Good for the iPod. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256056200_Music_Piracy_Bad_for_Record_Sales_But_Good
_for_the_iPod, accessed 2018, September 23.

3. A wide range of psychological approaches have been used to explore musical preferences, yet few
studies have focused on people's own preferred music. This article reports the results of a qualitative
study into the breadth, content, and rationale of musical preferences. In-depth interviews were
conducted with adults (age range 18–73 years) at home with their music collections, which acted as an
aide memoire to their preferred styles. Results show that people typically prefer a wide range of styles,
providing support for the increasing trend towards omnivorous musical tastes; that there are
considerable differences in the extent to which musical characteristics (e.g., lyrics, instrumentation) and
responses to music (e.g., cognitive, affective) shape preferences; and that musical preferences play a key
role in shaping self-identity. Findings highlight the merit of using qualitative interviewing, with its
emphasis on subjective perceptions, interpretations, and evaluations for exploring musical likes and
dislikes, and have implications for future studies in the field. In particular, the research underlines the
need for a shift away from approaches that explore musical preferences by presenting listeners with a
list of predetermined style categories, as these are likely to be interpreted in different ways (Greasley,
2014)

Reference: Greasley, A. (2014). Exploring Musical Preferences: An In-Depth Qualitative Study of Adults'
Liking for Music in Their Personal Collection. Retrieved January 2, 2013, from
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14780887.2011.647259?src=recsys&journalCode=uqrp
20

4. In this regime, music piracy would be legal, and music from all sources would be free. The idea of
legalizing music piracy is not new. A copyright regime in which it is legal to share music files, but firms
such as Apple, which would benefit from the boost in iPod sales, would have to pay royalties to the
music industry. Such royalties are similar to the private copying levy, a government-mandated scheme in
which a levy is charged on transactions involving recordable media. In the U.S., the levy applies to stand-
alone CD recorders and portable satellite radio recording devices. Analyzing the demand for music and
the demand for iPods can shed light on the range of possible royalties to be imposed on iPods and other
MP3 players (Netanel, 2003).
Reference: Netanel, N. (2003). Impose a Noncommercial Use Levy to Allow Free Peer-to-Peer File
Sharing. The University of Texas School of Law, (009), Law and Economics Working Paper.
5. Regine Velasquez-Alcasid’s album, “Hulog Ka Ng Langit” under Universal Records Corp., was certified
Platinum by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (Pari) in December 2013 for having sold
15,000 copies. On the other hand, Gary Valenciano’s “Gary V Sings … Just For You”, also released by
Universal Records, was awarded a Gold certification in January 2013 for selling 7,500 units. So did
Bamboo Mañalac’s “No Water No Moon” album under Polyeast Records that was certified Gold in
February 2013.

Had Asia’s Songbird come up with the album between October 1989 and July 2002, she would have
needed to sell at least 40,000 units to accomplish the same feat; 30,000 units if from August 2002 to
October 2007; 25,000 units if from November 2007 to March 2009 and 20,000 units if from April 2009 to
April 2011.

Valenciano and Mañalac, meanwhile, would have needed to sell at least 20,000 units, 15,000 units,
12,500 copies and 10,000 units for the same periods.

But these days, as many music lovers continue to shift away from buying compact discs given
technological changes that have made it possible to get entire albums from the Internet for free, to sell
even just 7,500 copies to earn a Gold certificate and 15,000 for a Platinum is an accomplishment worthy
of much celebration (Dumlao, 2014).

Reference:

Dumlao, T.A. (2014, March 18). Piracy, changing preferences challenge PH music industry. Philippine
Daily Inquirer. Retrieved from https://m.inquirer.net/business/166393

6. "What defines the Filipino internet consumer is the fact that we are mobile-first. Most new Filipino
users access the internet via mobile phones. In fact that’s really where they spent much of their time,
Filipinos look at their phones 150 times in a day, study said. People are very engaged on their phones
and it is affecting every aspect of our lives" -Kenneth Lingan.

Reference:

Limpag, M. (2017, September 1). Tap digital to boost business growth in a mobile-first Philippine market,
Google official tells Cebu SMEs. MyCebu.Ph: Cebu News & Features. Retrieved from
https://mycebu.ph/article/digitize-cebu-google-tells-smes/
7. Lifestyle and Personality – Character and way of living vary from person to person, which can
therefore affect a consumer’s preference and buying behavior. Personality is not about what a person
wears per se but how he/she acts and carries himself/herself on a particular circumstance. Lifestyle, on
the other hand, encompasses a person’s choice of living and interaction based from his/her interests
and opinions.

Reference:

Rank, A. (2014). The factor's affecting consumer's behavior. Retrieved from

https://www.ecomparemo.com/info/factors-influencing-a-consumers-buying-behavior/

8. Last year, the total physical album sales dropped by 16.5 percent from the sales in the year of
2016. (Arceo-Dumlao, 2018)
Reference: Arceo-Dumlao, T.(2018). For the record: Vinyl volume rising. Retrieved September 22,
2018, from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-
inquirer/20180420/282016147922926

9. The experience of listening to vinyl is just different and we want the music of our artists to be
available in the best possible. We also want the output of the label to stand the test time. While we still
really believe in digital distribution, we wanted something material, something people could and would
want to hang onto- a collector's item of sorts. Plus we've also had an interest in the visual elements of
music distribution, and the record gave us a chance to play around more with packaging design
(Mendoza 2013).

Reference:

Schoop, M.( 2017). Independent music and digital technology in the philippines. Routledge studies in
popular music.