LE DANG KHU‘ONG - NGUYEN VAN HAI Ding cho hoc sinh 6n thi THPT Quéc gia Nha xuat ban Dn triwn Loi noi dau Ban doc than mén, Ki thi THPT Quéc gia dang & rat gain, don thoi diém nay c6 1é nhiéu ban dang trong tam trang hdi hép, lo ling. Digu nay that dé hiéu vi ddy la moe ky thi két tinh qué trinh hoc tép trong vong 12 nm trdi, mét déu méc len trong cudc déi, Mét hénh trinh vot qua chink minh, Hanh trink dé ctin né luc, phurong phap va muc tiéu cing nhue sw kién tri luyén tdp. Chi c6 nhitng ai tap trung vao muc tidu méi cé thé di dén dich cuéi cing. Dé gitip cdc ban tiing téc hiéu qud, cudn séch nay sé ding hanh ciing ban trong hanh trinh tuyét voi dé. N6 la swe két tinh ciia qué trinh hoc héi, chink phuc diém 10 mén Héa hoc ndm 2004 va kinh nghiém hon 10 nam ctia tic gid Lé Bang Khwong di day cdc em hoc sinh tie mat géc cho téi thi dé cdc truéng dai hoc hang déiu Viét Nam. Ding thoi cudn séch cting Ia su dtic két kinh nghiém ra d8 thi va chuyén mén sdu sdc ctia thdy Nguyén Véin Hai, gidng vién Khoa H6a hoc, trréng Bai hoc Sur pham Ha Noi. Hay lam theo nhiéng chi dén trong cuén séch nay, ban sé hodn toan tur tin truréc ki thé THPT Quéic gia sdp ti. Ban sé hiéu vi sao phdi cd qué trinh lap di ldp lai va higu qué tuyét voi ctia né trong viée nhé Iéu, tinh nhanh cing nhur hiéu ban chat cdc qud trinh héa hoc. Cuén sdch nay cing voi BO séch “LAM CHU MON HOA TRONG 30 NGAY”, “Phuong phdp 30 gidy gidi todn Héa hoc" sé gitip ban chinh phuc diém cao cia mon Héa. Mac dirda d vere dau tw va viét edn thn tuy nhién cling khdng thé trénh khéi mét s6 thiéu sét, chting t6i mong nhén duoc sw g6p y ctia ban doc dé cé co hi stra chita Xin chén thanh cém on! Cae tac gid LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 1 NGUYEN VAN HATLOI DE TANG ay 1A mot mén qua danh riéng cho ban. Hay lam theo quy trinh trong cuén sdch nay, né sé gitip ban dat dugc muc tiéu cita ban dé dang hon. LOI CAM ON cia minh dn nhimg con ngudi da danh tam huyét va né Ie cita ho dé cuén sch nay ra doi. Cam on cdc cong su Nguyén Thanh Hoa, Triin Thi Thanh Tam, Dao Thi Dung, Pham Thi Lua, Pham Thi Duyén, HO Thuc Linh, Nguyén Hodng Giang da hé tra dé cuén sch nay dugc hoan thanh, Cam on Thay Vas ~ chuyén gia NLP hang dau chau A da truy€n cam hitng cho t6i dé tdi c6 ¥ twong viét cun sach nay. Cam on Tién st AJ Hoge, chuyén gia s6 mot thé gidi vé dao tao tiéng Anh da truyén cam hing cho t6i, huéng din toi phyong phap lip di lap lai dé bién kién thitc thanh tiém thifc. Cam on nhi Toan hoc ngwoi Nhat Ban tén la Kumon da truyén cam himg vé phuong php hoc toan cha minh. Phong phap d6 da gitip t phuong phap 30 gidy trong lam dé thi tht sang tao ra Xin cdm on cdc em hoc sinh da tin tréng va hanh dong hét minh. Chinh su nd hee va thanh cOng ciia cdc em da truyén cam hing manh mé nhat dén thay. Cam on Van Anh, Son, Minh, Ha, Dat, Bach, An, Duy, Hoang Anh, Duy, Giang, va hang nghin hoc sinh online & trang ledangkhuong.com va hocmai.vn Cam on Céng ty TNHH In va Thuong mai Linh Gia va Nha Xudt ban Dén tri da gitip d& toi rt nhiéu trong qua trinhxudt ban cuén sach. Cudi cing, xin cam on ban dang doc cudn sach nay. Chic ming ban da wa chon ding! LE DANG KHU‘O'NG Trang 2 NGUYEN VAN HALMUC LUC NOI DUNG LOINOI DAU LOT DE TANG - LOI CAM ON HUONG DAN SU DUNG SACH PHU‘ONG PHAP 30 GIAY COB Ay Corina tite uC MO’ Pal cg WY ame Ue] ere ste SHAE WN BUNG PHAT Bolo 210) BUC ee ney LE DANG KHUONG Trang 3 i NGUYEN VAN HAIHUONG DAN DOC SACH HIEU QUA 1, Lam dé theo thdi gian 90 phit. * Dat dng hd dé lam bai . Hit sau tha long truéc khi lam bai. ‘© Tap trung toan bé vao vige lam ra dap s6. © Tinh diém cia lan lam d® nay. 2. Xem gidi chi tiét ¥ — Ghi lai céc phn ma ban bj sai hoc hiéu nh’m. Xem ky phan danh gid va phn “sai Kim” trong phan dap an chi tiét dé rit kinh nghiém. ¥ BGI v6i nhimng cau khng lam duoc thi ban hay doc that ky lei giai dén khi hiéu. Néu van chua hiéu thi ban lén nhém facebook dé trao adi voi ddi nga hé tro va thay. 3, Lam Iai dé cho t6i khi dat tc d6 trung binh 25 phut/ae. D6i véi cdc cau ly thuyét can doc to cdc phuong trinh phan ting hod céc chit ¥. i v6i cdc cau bai tap can bam méy lai, viét lai cAch lam. Chi § 18 hoc thudc cach Iam chér khong phai hoc thude dap s6. Ban c6 thé lam 5 lan hoac 10 fan tham chi 20 Kan mién 1a dat duge tc a6 trung binh 25 phut/dé 1a 6n. > Lam timg d@ m6t khi hoan thanh a 1 v6i t6c a6 25 phuit/d® thi hay lam sang d& s6 2. Khi sang d8 s6 2 can xem lai d 1. Khi lam xong d@ 1 va 2 thi can lim Iai cd hai dé dé trong thoi gian 50 phiit. Twong tyr thi ban sé lim 5 d® trong 125 phat. Diu nay sé gitip ban nhé toan bo nhig sai Fim truéc va khi dé tc 46 lam bai cia ban tang lén dang ké va diém s6 ciia ban sé duge cai thién ro rét. 4, Ghi lai thanh tich ciia ban trong bang méi cudi d8. Day 18 mi dénh gid nang hye cla ban. > > > > viée quan trong dé ban tw 5. Cé m6t nhém bf mat trén facebook gitip tang twong téc gitra hgc sinh va thay. Néu c6 bat key cau hoi nao ve nhimg kién thitc trong cuén sdch nay, ban hay vao nhém bi mat trén facebook. Dé tham gia nhém nay, hay truy cap vao link sau dé biét huéng din vao nhém. http://ledangkhuong.com/hdynsbd9d/ 6. Néu ban thay thiéu phn kién thie nao thi ban cé thé bé sung bing cdc chuyén dé trong b@ sach “Lam chit mén Héa trong 30 ngay” (tap 1: Hifu co, Tap 2: V6 co) 7. Hay tap trung vao muc tiéu cita ban. Khi ban cdm th4y mét méi, cng thang thi hay xem va lam theo video trong link sau: http://iedangkhuong.com/truyen-cam-hung/ 8. Lun nhé LAP LA CHIA KHOA dé thanh cing voi cudn sich nay. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 4 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHU'ONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU PHU’O'NG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ Nhigu ban mic di lam bai tap trén l6p rat tét, diém phy cao tuy nhién khi lam d@ thi thir thi diém kha thap. Lam cang nhiéu dé cang tt hay lam it d® nhung chat long, dau méi la cach luyén dé hiéu qua nhat? Thay Lé Dang Khwong (Giang vién khoa Héa hoc, DH Su Pham Ha Ni) sé dura ra loi khuyén bé ich. Thay Lé Dang Khuwong ( Gidng vién Khoa Héa hoc, DH Sw Pham Ha NOi) Nhiéu hoc sinh chia sé da lam dén vai chuc tham chf cd tram dé thi thir tinh tir dau nam dén nay, dac biét lA tir nay dén thoi diém thi vao thang 7 thi sé am dé nhiéu hon. Néu tinh thdi gian Lam 100 d@ thi, hoc sinh cin dén 150 tiéng ddi voi mén Héa hoe, chwra ké dén thdi gian lam d8 céc mon khac Voi khdi long thdi gian khdng Id nay, chi bd céng lam dé da chiém tron thdi gian biéu cia mét hoc sinh roi, sé rit kh6 dé hoc sinh nhin lai a8, diic két kinh nghiém, nhan ra 16i sai, am lai Idi sai dy. Theo loi khuyén cia thay Lé Dang Khuong (GV Giang vién Dai hoc Sw pham Ha NOi): “Gidi han kign thie thi THPT quéc gia khdng thay déi trong 2 nam gan day, méi dé thi chi khdc nhau cch tiép can dé thi, cdc dang bai khac nhau... chit khéng thay déi vé mat kién thétc. Vi vay, hoc sinh khOng cin thiét phai lam qué nhigu (Ién dén hang tram dé) ma tap trung gidi quyét khoang 10 - 20 dé cho mdi LE DANG KHUONG Trang 5 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHU'ONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ mén va lu ¥ xem di xem lai nhirng d@ thi nay, rat ra nhimg dang bai thuong gap, tim ra cach giai nhanh nhét, nhieng 16i sai throng gap va hru y nhimg 1di sai nay”. Theo thay Khuong trong mdt dé chi c6 20% 1a kién thitc la - mdi, con lai 80% 1a su lap lai clia kign thc co ban. Do dé luyén tap véi sé long dé thi vira di nhung bao quat cac dang bai va dam bao 6 sy dic két kinh nghi phan con chwa virng khi lam dé 1a diéu hoc sinh can lam. é chirng minh dé thi nhirng nam gan day khong mé réng kién thire ma chi thay ddi cdch tiép can, huéng ra dé, th’y Lé Dang Khwong dua ra nhing nhom cau hoi trich ra tir dé thi dai hgc, THPT quéc gia nhimng nam qua cing héi vé mét van dé chi khac nhau 6 cdch tiép can, hoc sinh cé thé rén luyén dé thir sire. TW 46, rat ra duoc phwong phap luyén dé hiéu qua: sau méi dé thi, bé sung cac Tuy nhién, khi lam ft dé thi khong cé nghia 1a hoc sinh chi lam 1 lan/ dé. ‘Thay Khwong khuyén hoc sinh nén lam nhiéu lan cho méi dé thi, dac biét la cac dé thi hay, chat long hoac ngay ca d@ thi minh hoa, d@ thi THPT quéc gia 2015. Viéc lam di lam lai 1 dé thi c6 thé khién ban chan nan vi da 1am quen voi dé thi a6 nhung diéu nay lai giip cac ban ndm chac va “quen thudc” véi dang bai nay, tranh bi quén kién thirc, thém ty tin vi ban than khi lim dé. ‘Thay Lé Dang Khwong chia sé kinh nghiém luyén dé clia ma c nhan thay da Ap dung va goi ¥ cho nhiéu hoc sinh ap dung: 1. Dau tién, hoc sinh lam dé lan thir nhat trong 90 phit, kiém tra dap an va xem lai cdc cau sai, lam lai cho én khi that hiéu cdc cau hoc sinh da lam sai. Lam lai dé thi cho t6i khi dat trung binh 25 phiit/d®. Hoc sinh can doc to phuong trinh phan tng, bam nhanh va viét nhanh dé tao phan xa, lap lai dé kién thitc lwu lai trong tri nho. Sau khi xong dé nay moi sang dé tiép theo. 2. Sau d6, hoc sinh lap lai voi 10 dé cé chat long cao (c6 thé lay dé ciia bé cdc nam truéc hoac tham khdo dé thi cia mét vai truéng THPT chuyén) va cé loi giai chi tiét. 3. Sau khi hoan thanh xong 10 dé dé, hoc sinh lay thém 10 dé thi thir nam gan nhat c6 chat lwong cao va cé giai chi tiét va tiép tuc lap. Nhé la ghi lai cac bay ciia dé thi do. Khi di thi ban tap trung va lam can than, Béi vi ban da lp quen nén cdc dang toan sé tré nén quen thudc. Khi dé ban dat diém cao 1a dwong nhién. Bén canh viéc tham khdo cac loi khuyén trén tir thay, hoc sinh cing can chi d6ng tim ra phwong phap hoc tét nhat cho ban than, xay dung ké hoach 6n tap phi. hop theo tirng m6n cho thdi gian cn Jai va quyét tam dat duoc muc tiéu dé ra. “Trich bai dang trén béo dién tir dantri.comvn: Link: http://bitly/1Xqci0A “ LE DANG KHUONG Trang 6 NGUYEN VAN HALPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU Do ngudn tai ligu trén mang khong day dii hodc khOng cé Idi gidi chi tiét nén ching tdi da nghién céru cdu tréc dé thi nim 2015 va dinh huéng ra d nim 2016 dé phat trién thanh “BO DE 9 DIEM" gidp cdc em hoc sinh chudn héa kién thitc, danh gia nang luc. B6 dé nay viét theo ding cau trite cla b6 nim 2016. Diém dic biét cia “BO dé 9 diém” la phan loi giai gm c6 4 phan: 1, Banh gia Day 1a phn quan trong ddi v6i qua trinh gidi bai tap vi khi nhin vao dé thi, hoc sinh can phai dinh huéng ngay cach lam. Phan nay gidip hoc sinh 6 mét céi nhin t6ng quan va ty dénh gid mirc 46 cu héi truéc khi lam bai. 2. Loi giai chi tiét @ day ching t6i chi r6 tig phan tng va ting bude, tig buée gidp hoc sinh nam chic cdc kign thitc cor ban chi tidt dén tieng phan tng. 3. Sailam Bay 1a phn cuc ky quan trong déi voi qué trinh lam dé thi thé. Ban can biét d@ nay bay & ché nao dé ln sau ban trénh. Kinh nghiém cho thay rang néu ban biét ré cac sai lam ciia minh thi ban cdng thanh céng hon. Phwong phap 30 gidy Day la phn lap lai nhanh dé dat t6c 46 25 phitt/d8. Day chinh 1a chia khéa dé ban thanh cng v6i de thi, Gid thi hay xem cém nhan cia cée ban hoc sinh ting trai nghiém thie té v6i phwong phap 30 gidy da nhé! “DEn v6i thiiy t6i khé ld ngac nhién khi dau tién thay chi cho t6i minh lam nhieng bai tdp rat co ban, lam di lam Iai, ban diiu t6i khé Id tr tin nhurng khi quy dinh thoi gian vé viéc hoa thanh bai tap d6 thi thuc sy t6i da hiéu tim quan trong ciia nhimng bai tap co ban va phuong phap lam di lam lai dé thye sur tao cho t6i mét ki nding phén xq, ma toi hay goi la phén xq thdn quen, Mét dé thi tréc nghiém Héa c6 90 cau trong 60 phiit néu ban thec sw khéng phan bé thai gian hop If thi rét kh6 cé thé lam hét, phan xq than quen gitip t6i.c6 thé lam nhézng céu co ban trong thai gian ngdn nhdt cé thé va két qua chéc chén tir d6 toi c6 thé danh thoi gian cho céc cu phitc tap hon. Dong thoi thuc chat cach gidi cdc cau khé trong dé la sw két hop cdc cach gidi cdc cdu co ban nén khi ndm chdc cdc cdch gidi co ban thi céc céu phitc tap hon sé tré-nén dé dang hon. Bang viéc luyén di luyén lai mét dé co ban va néng cao 6 khé din Ién lam cho kt nding lim bai cia t6i t6t lén rdt nhiéu. Dain dain tir nhieng diém 7 én 8 rai Ién 9 tham chi cé ca 10 trong céc dé thi thir toi da thy su thdy r6 hiéu qué tir phwong phép 30 gidy ma thay day cho toi. Vai trong ki thi dai hoc mang tinh chdt buéc ngoat cudc déi minh, voi né lee hét site v6i s6 diém Todn 9, ha 9, sinh 8,5 cong thém 1,5 diém viing Ia 28 diém t6i da dat duoc wée vong cia minh la dé vdo trirdng dai hoc ¥ Ha N6i’. Hoang Son - Sinh vién - Dai hoc ¥ Ha Ni LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 7 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHU'ONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ * Buéi hoc hom dé, thay day chting t6i phwong phép 30 gidy: bao gdm bam méy 30 gidy va trd 101 ly thuyét trong 30 gidy. Lan dau tién, véin gitt théi quen ca, toi bdm may khé cham va theo ludt cit chém 1 gidy ld phat 10.000 ding. Sau Kin day t6i “cay” ldm. Cau hoi dae ra cho t6i, lam thé ndo dé bdm nhanh? Va céu tré loi that don gidn chi cé hai tie “bdm nhieu’. Va t6i quyét tam cdi thién khé nding béim méy cia minh va chi sau mét hai buéi luyén tap & nha, thi t6i khéng bao git phai nép phat niga, hi hi. T6i thi dai hoc khéi.A véi mén H6a 8,5 diém va hién nay Ia sinh vién nam 4 Hoc Vién Tai Chinh, Van Anh - Sinh vién - Hoc Vién Tai Chinh “ Méi dau em ché tin c6 cai phwong phdp 30 gidy dau vi lam gi cé chuyén mét cau 30 gidy. Nhung thiiy dé day ching em Ia lap di lap dén bao gié nhin la biét la hiéu thi thoi di 6 méi tay méi mom van tiép tuc. Va em da nghiém tic thiec hién, cudi cing em da lam duoc. Em khéng biét phai néi cém on thay nu thé ndo niva déu. Em chi biét viét vai dong chia sé that tie ddy long em dén thiy va cdc ban dang theo hoc thiiy théi, Bat dau bu6i hoc dau tién thdt sw em cém thdy em nhw théng dién y. Mim cit néi di n6i lai tay cit bdim may tinh nhw kiéu bdm dé pha mdy. Va ngay sau budi dau tién em da hon thinh buéc dau. T6i ve nha gid Igi déra nhin cdu néo trong dau em trong tr duy cia em cé logic ciia cau ¥ lubn. Tay te déng bam mdy mét cach rat nhanh nhieng céng thitc tinh nhanh sau khi doc d® hién luén trong diiu em mét céch v6 thitc. Va bay gid em da hiéu vi sao thiiy bét bon em lap di lap lai dé chinh [a "AM ANH MUC TIEU ". That sw la tix diém 0 dén diém 5 trong thi dai hoc adi voi thliy chdc vai budi la dueoc nhung tir diém 8 dé lén la that sw ciin phai c6 mot sw dién cuding trong hoc tap. Em cm on thay vi thay da gidp em 6 thém 0,6 diém niga. 0,6 diém thdi nhung da dii dé em dé dai hoc roi thay a. Em dat 8,5 diém” Hitu Huy - Sinh vién- Hoc Vién Ngan Hang “Em tiép xtic voi phwong phap 30 gidy khodng 2 tuiin truréc khi thi dai hoc nam 2015. Litc dang hoc thém binh thudng trén treéng thi mén héa em khong duoc tét ldm. Em Jam dé cting tim 5 hodc 6 diém la cao. Sau dé em hoc phicong phdp 30 gidy, lam di lam lai nhiéu thi thdy két qué kh quan hon. Em thdy phwong phép nay gitip ren luyén tw duy ciia minh nhay bén hon khi tiép xtic nhiu dang bai tap va rén luyén kd ndm lam tréc nghiém cia minh niva, Néu két hop voi b6 dé ctia thay nita thi két qué tang len thdy ré a. Em da dat 7,5 trong kj thi dai hoc vira roi”, Quéc Khanh - Sinh vién - Dai hoc Giao théng van tai “Em thy phwong phép 30 gidy rdt manh véi hinh thitc thi tréc nghiém. Néu dp dung t6t sé lam bai thi sé rét nhanh va hiéu qué. Em la mét dita dét héa, may mén biét va dp dung phurong phap 30 gidy vdo hai tuan cudi clung va dat 8,25 trong ky thi nam 2015” Trén Minh Diing - Sinh vién - Dai hoc Bach Khoa Ha Noi “That sock khi minh Id mét hoc sink trrdng chuyén Khoa hoc tw nhién mé lam durge 2 diém. Truéc khi thi con ba tuéin, that may mén khi hic dé minh dugc biét doc phurong php 30 gidy cia thay, mét phuong phép hoc that dé dang va circ ky hiéu qua, Ban chi clin doc to va béim méy va Idp lai viéc dé nhiéu lan sao cho téc dé 30 gidy/cdu héi. Nhor phurong LE DANG KHU'ONG ‘Trang 8 NGUYEN VAN HALPHU‘ONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ phép hoc nay ma minh c6 thé nhé rat lau cdc kién thitc dé hoc. Va két qué Ia chi sau 3 tudin thuc hién chim chi va nghiém ttic, minh lam 35/50 céu dé thi dai hoc trong 20 phiit, thoi gian cén lai minh lam thém sau dé lam nét 15 cdu cdn Iai va dat 8 diém. Minh co mét bf quyét nhé muén chia sé voi cée ban la truréc khi di ngti hdy nhém lai céc kién thitc trong ngay da hoc mt Iain, néu quén thi hay day doc lai ngay dé nho nhé! Viée hém nay ché dé ngay mail Chic edc ban thanh cong trong kj thi dai hoc sdp toi” Nguyén Ha Déing - Sinh vién - Bai hoc ¥ Ha N6i K113 “Con mét_thdng niva la thi. Em van hoang mang chwa biét cdch hoc héa nhw thé nao... lam tirng a8, tieng d8 mét cach cham chap... va 66 Ié hic dé em mat phwong hwong trong mén héa thie su thi thir... két qué 4,5... that su kinh khiing. Tim nhiéu cdch ma em khdng biét phdi lam sao dé téing t6c lam mén héa. Rai mét hom search thir trén google, em doc mét vai ding chia sé cia mét anh vé thd, va hic dé em tim hiéu va biét dén théiy. Luic dé xem thiiy chia sé céch hoc 30 gidy voi mudi bé dé... em dé thurc hién ngay, mdi ngay cé gang dé lam dé, vira lam dé vira xem video vé cdc phiin thay day. Nhimg ngay dau lam con cham thiy a... cham, chm réi lam di lam lai... lin 3, rbi lin 4 bit du nhanh dan... lan thi 10 thi thurc sw cdi dé d6 chi 30 gidy/ cau... hic dau em mdt hai ngay méi lam xong mét dé... nhung nhiing dé sau... ttim dé thit 5, thir 6 rai thi lam chi mét mét_ngay. Ma lai rt nhanh nhé. Hom di hoc & lop hoc thém, thiiy gido lép em cho bai twong tw mét bai trong dé 3 va diing la em bam mdy chi 30s that, vi khi ldm di lam lai dén 10 lin roi thi cde bude da c6 sn. Minh chi cin bam may ma thor, Thue sw rat higu qua. Va khi di cht chae, em duye 7,5 hidu, ket qua tuy khéng cao Im nhwng ngodi sw mong doi voi em. Em xin cém on thiiy Khwrong da chia sé cdich hoc v6 ciing hiéu qua nay a” Nguyén Dang Viét Anh - Sinh vién - Dai hoc Xay dung “Phwong phap 30 gidy la mét phuong phép tuyét voi dé mang tdi dén v6i céng invéng dai hoc. C6 mét diéu chdc chan la phurong phap 30 gidy khéng danh cho nhing nguéi thiéu kién nhén va niém tin. Ban than tdi ciing la mt ngwéi kha vieng trong viée gidi quyét cde bat hod. Tuy nhién, ctich thoi diém thi dai hoc chirng hon mét thdng téi vn rét hoang mang, méc dit hu hét céc bai tap tdi déu c6 thé tim ra dép én ding nhwng thai gian lai qué ldu. Lam sao dé cé thé dm kip 50 cau trong 90 phuit? Va mét ngay, thay gido day hod ctia toi - thay Lé Being Khwong da day ti phirong phap 30 gidy. Bwrong nhién nhieng ngay diu dén v6i phwong phap nay khong hé dé dang. Moi thi tir viet phuong trinh, can bang, tinh todn,.tét cd trong 30 gidy. Duong nhién Ian dau tién lam thi cha ai lim duoc 30s ed (trie thay, hi hi). Va thay bat dau day t6i nhizng diéu co ban nhat nhwe khéng ding bit gidy dé viét phwong trinh ma tdp viet phuong trinh trong dau, meo hoc khéi long mol cia tieng chit... dé tét ca moi thit c6 thé chay trong diu t6i trong ving 30 gidy. Hay tuéng wong, cé hai doan baing tua nhanh trong vong 30 gidy va hai doan being dy ciing song song chay. Mét doan bang tuong trung cho cach lam bai trong dau ban, va mét doan bang twang trung cho nhting ngon tay ban nhay miia trén ban phim. Cé hai cting chay vio mét thoi diém va cing két thiic sau 30 gidy. Va diéu dé la céch t6i c6 thé lim moi thir trong vong 30 gidy. Va véi LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 9 ~~ NGUYEN VAN HAIPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ phwong phap 30 gidy viée lam 50 cau hod trong 90 phiit da tré nén dé dang hon véi toi trong ky thi Dai hoc nim 2012. Toi may mén, vi t6i gdp duoc thay Khwong-ngwoi chi cia phuong phdp 30 gidy va ld mét trong nhizng ngudi thay giip toi bude chén vao céng truong Dai hoc. DUNG CO GANG! HAY CHAY HET MINH! DUNG CACH!” Hodng Anh - Sinh vién - Dai hoc Thwong Mai “T6i la mét dita thich hoc hod, thuc sw thich hon tat cd cdc mén hoc khdc. Téi cé thé ur tin ni réng mén hod cia minh khéng té chiit ndo tham chi la khé t6t. Nhung cé 1é cham chi thich thi: gidi nhiéng bai tap don Ié hay hoc thugc nhiéng phuong trinh phan tg don thuéin la khéng dii. Khi lén cap ba va cu thé la lop 11 t6i bat dau tiép xtic véi nhitng a thi dai hoc. Thue sw t6i chodng ngop hodn todn vi ti thém chi khéng thé lam n6i qud 25 cau trong 90p thoi gian quy dinh. Téi lo Ing khéng hiéu lam sao minh cé thé duoc ndi 7 diém mén hod véi tinh trang nay . May man sao t6i gdp thy Khwong va thay da chi cho tdi phuong phép 30 gidy . Sau nhitng Iain du hodi nghi vé mét phwong php nghe cé vé khéng kha thi cho lim nay thi dain dain t6i da cé niém tin vieng chic réng diéu dé Id hodn todn cé thé. Nhieng buéi hoc ngbi bm may dién cudng, nhiing bai tap ma c6 thé nhin dé bai la biét dap dn. Dieu dé Khién t6i vui swéng kinh khiing. Cang tin twéng t6i cang say mé, 6 ngay kim dén ca tram cau ma khéng chan, ko thy ndn. Két qué da khéng phu céng stéc t6i bé ra. Dat buit két thic bai thi dai hoc mn Hod, tdi tw tin chém minh duoc 8 diém va dting la nhu vay. Thuc té phwong phép 30 gidy khong cao siéu, khong kh6 khan nhur tdi twéng . Tat cd nhieng gi tdi clin Ia NIEM TIN va CHAM CHI. Cac ban cting cé thé lam duoc dieu d6, hay tin twéng va cdc ban sé nhan duoc diéu mink muén. Dwong Trwéng An - Sinh vién - Hoc vién Ky thugt Quan Sw Doc t6i day ban sé héi 1a tai sao phuong php nay vi diéu dén thé? Ban chat ctia né Id gi? Va lam thé néo dé ding né? Vé nguén géc ra déi phurong phap 30 giay Nam 2011, minh cé mOt nhém gdm 7 hoc sinh hoc v6i toi. Bén thang 5 minh cho hoc sinh lam bai kiém tra thi hoc sinh lam bai két qua khéng cao. Minh rét dau dau tim cach dé gidp hoc sinh. Minh lang thang trén mang, tim sich vé phuong phdp hoc hiéu qua thi may man tim ra dug mot tai liéu ké rang cé mét nha todn hoc ngwoi Nhat Ban tén la Kumon da day con gai dng dy lam nhimg bai toan siéu khé bang cach chia nhé bai toan dé ra thanh cc bai ton dé hon roi “LAP BI LAP LAI” cho t6i khi téc d@ rat nhanh, Sau dé dng ghép cdc bai ton dé thanh cdc bai toan khé hon va cing yéu cau “LAP DI LAP LAI” cho that nhanh. Cuéi cling con gai dng ay lam duoc nhimg bai siéu kh6, ngay cd nhimng chuyén gia con kiéng né kha nang cia con gai Ong. LE DANG KHU'‘ONG Trang 10 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ Cau chuyén trén da truyén cam hing manh mé cho minh, Thoi diém dé minh cing biét dén AJ Hoge la chuyén gia day Tiéng Anb. Ong ay cing diing cach “LAP DI LAP LAI" dé day hang triéu ngwai néi tiéng anh trdi chay :rong thé gian ngin. Minh xem nhiéu phim va nghién cru nhiéu tai ligu khac thi thay rang ding la “LAP BI LAP LAI” la chia kha dé c6 mét ky nang nao dé hoan thién. ‘Thé lA minh bat dau 4p dung vio mén Héa cho nhém hoc sinh cla minh. Ban dau hoc sinh chwa quen va rat kh khan, Nhung cdc ban dé tin minh va hanh dong dién cudng. Minh lay dé ra cho cdc ban dy kam. CA budi dau tién chi lam duoc 5 cau. Vi Lim di fam lai ting cau, néi di néi lai timg cau, Bam di bam lai timg cau nén né mat nhidu thoi gian. Budi thir 2 kha hon duge 10 cu. Nhung téc d@ lam viéc da nhanh hen. Minh héi bat ky cau nao trong 15 cau d6 cdc ban déu tra lai vanh vach, bm may dién dao ludn, Dén budi thir 3 thi 44 hoan thanh dé s6 1. Ca lép phai lam di kim lai cho t6i téc dé dat 30 gidy/cdu tre 25 phit/d®. C6 ban da béim méy dén héng 1 cai may tinh bé tii. Va roi dé thé 2, d@ thi 3... Hét 1 thang dé c nhém chi lam duce 5 dé. Minh bat dau cho nhém thir mot dé thi thir khac va két qua that ngoan muc. Minh khdng thé tin vao mat minh duoc. gay ci cdc ban dy cing vay. Minh vui mirng roi nuéc mat. Cudi cing thi minh cing da tim ra phwong phap day hoc higu qua. Cudi cing thi “LAP BI LAP LAI” dung la chia khéa thure su. Khi nh6m di thi, minh v6 cing ty tin vi minh da cung cap day dui 10 dé day di cde dang va cung cp thém ly thuyét khi lam dé cho cdc ban bing phwong phép mindmap va hoi dap dé cae ban khdc sau. Két qua 1a ca 7 ban du dé va c6 ban cdn dé ca 2 trudng. Minh dp dung phuong phap 30 giay tir d dén nay va nhanh chéng gidp hoc sinh thay déi, Nam 2013 minh cé thiét ké ra bd 10 dé 8 diém va cho hoc sinh offline lam rat higu qua. Thang 4 nam 2015 minh dura tai liu dé 1én mang cling voi phuong phap 30 gidy thi cé rat nhiéu ban da 4p dung va thanh céng. Ky luc la ban con 6 ngay lam 5 dé thi dat 7,5 diém (true a6 ban dé chi duge 2 diém thi thir). LE DANG KHU'ONG ‘Trang 11 NGUYEN VAN HALPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU" Hoi - dap vé phwong phap 30 gidy Cu 1:66 phai bai ndo céing phai lam v6itéc 46 30 gidy khong? Trak 30 gidy 1d con sé trung binh cia mét bai tap héa hoc. Mét d8 cb 50 cau thi c6 t6i 25 cau lam V6i t6c d6 nhé hon 30 gidy con 25 cau cdn lai lam v6i téc d6 lon hon 30 gidy. Trung binh mot 8 thi lam mat 25 phiit tite 30 gidy/cdu. Cau 2:7éc dé trung binh ctia bai tap méisau khi lam theo phuwong php 30 gidy la bao nhiéu? Tra loi Téc d6 trung binh ciia la 1,2 phiit/cdu méi. Tite ld mét dé bat ky lam trung binh khodng 60 phiit/ dé. C6 thé lam nhanh hod cham hon tiy kha ndng nhung dé dat 8 diém thi ban dé sé mét chwa dén 90 phiit la dieu chic chén. Con dé dat 10 diém thi phdi hoc thém nhiéu dang khé va cting “LAP BI LAP LAI” nhiéu tin moi cé thé lam duoc. cau :Diéu kién dé dp dung phwong phdp 30 gidy la gi? Traloi Phai c6 Idi gidi chi tiét dé xem néu khéng hiéu. C6 may tinh va gidy nhAp, hit. Nén cé thay huéng dan thi tét hon. Cé nhém hoe cing cing higu qua. Cau 4: Nguyén tic cia phrong phdp 30 gidy la gi? Tra loi Gdm 2 bude: 1. Hiéu ban chat. 2. Lap di lap lai cho t6i t6c dd trung binh 30 gidy/cdu. Ludn Jap lai kién there cf truéc khi sang kién thiéc méi, bai méi. Cau 5: Phirong phép 30 gidy nay cé dp dung voi mén khéc duc khong? Traloi Hoan toan cé thé ap dung cho cc mén kiséc vi thue té nguyén ly minh ap dung no Ja te nhign ma, Cau 6: Phwong phdp 30 gidy dp dung cho cdc cau ly thuyét thi nhw thé nao? Tra loi Ly thuyét thi ndi lai cdc dap an tai sao ding, tai sao sai. Doc to phwrong trinh phan ting (nho 1a c6 hé s6 dé cdn phyc vu tinh toan). Cau 7: Phuong phap 30 gidy cé dp dung cho cdc ban mat géc khong? Tra loi Né la phwong php dé hoc ky nang nén ap dung rat tt v6i cac ban mat géc, tuy nhién mirc 6 dé can phit hyp dé c6 thé hiéu va ting 46 khé sau, LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 12 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHU'ONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU Qua trinh thay déi theo phuong phap 30 giay Day 1a sod mé ta ning lirc durgc phat trién theo phwong phap 30 gidy. Nang lye 10 8 ‘Diém thang hoa 5 Diém Bing phat Tho gian Tr Te Ts So dé 1: Qué trinh phét trién nang luc theo phurong phap 30 gidy Ban dau chiing ta hoc rat cham do ky nang chiing ta chura c6. Lic nay ching ta can phai nap dii “long” kién thie va ky nang bang cach “LAP DI LAP LAI” mét rong kién thite co’ ban, n&n tang, Sau thoi gian T; thi sé bién déi vé “chat”. Tai thoi diém Ty chinh 1a “diém bang phat” ning luc Ién. Khi dé nén tang co ban ching ta da c6, ching ta da biét bam may nhanh, xir lf bai toan c6 bai ban, cdc kién thtte tré nén “dé an” hon va chiing ta hoc rat nhanh chéng dé dat durge toi thoi diém 7). Tir diém T; lén Ts chting ta can tiép tuc “LAP DI LAP LAI” cae kién thite 6 mive a6 van dung va thém cde bai & mire d} nang cao. Qué trinh nay can mét su né lyc rat lon boi misc dd kh ting lén rat nhiéu. Tay nhién hay tuan thi nguyén tac dé a bai khé 1A két hop cla nhiéu bai dé thi ban sé lam t6t giai doan nay. Ban tiép tuc lap va toi m6t giéi han cia ban than minh. Khi d6 ban dat khoang 9 diém. Lie nay kién thite ctia ban da gan bao hda, ban 1am thudng sai 3 - 5 cau, Phan lon ban sai nhimng cau dé hay cau kho? C6 téi 90% la ban sai céu dé. Ban cé dé ¥ 1a nhitng cau dé ban chi quan hon nén ban bi mat diém rat ding tiéc phdi khéng ndo? Gidi phap cho van d& nay la ban can hit tho: sau dé binh tinh vi trong trang thi nay ban cé thé nhin duoc vin d@ mot cach ro nhat, day dit g6c canh nhat. Bi kip gdm 4 bude: 1. Hit thé: sdu vai lén. Luén git? lung thang. 2. Tap trung quan sét hoi tho, khong c6 tinh hit, cing chang cé tinh thé. Bon gidn chi lé. quan sét hoi tho. Hay st dung hoi thé te nhién nhate 3. Via lam vira quan sat hoi thé. Ban sé nhin thdy moi thi ré rang hon bao gié hét vd ban sé khong bi mac I6i ngé ngdn kia. 4, Luyén tap thuong xuyén bi kip nay dé bién nd thanh théi quen. N6 sé gitip ban khdng chi lam m6n Héa mé tat cé nhting viéc quan trong ctia ban sau nay. C6 khong 10% la ban sai céu khé hoac ban khéng tim ra giai php. Diéu nay 1a tu nhién béi ban chwa gap dang dé bao gidy hoac ban chwa tim hét céch. Giai php 6 day la hay tim Idi gidi cho né sau khi lam va lap lai cho dén khi hiéu ban chat va lam lai dé dang. LE DANG KHU'ONG ‘Trang 13 NGUYEN VAN HATPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU" Ghi chép cn than ra mét cudn s6 nhieng bai hay, kh6. Khi ban gap lai ban hoan toan ty tin vao kha niing ctia minh. Diém thang hoa 1a diém ma tai dé ban dat trang thai 6n dinh nat, ty tin nhat. D6 la Jie ma ban binh tinh nhdt, ban nhin duge moi géc canh cla van dé, ban c6 cai nhin bao quat cing nhw chi tiét nhat. Dé dat dwgc diéu nay ban cin thy hién hai buéc phia trén dé 1a quan sat hoi thé va lap lai nhieng cau khéng biét Lim. Du6i day 1a so dd ve su thay di nang hic theo s6 fan Kip. Qué trinh nay diing theo mé hinh Fibonaci. (Fibonaci) ~*~ 4500 T Nang he ‘$6 lan ip 12345 6 7 8 9 10111213 14 15 16 171819 eee Qua trinh nay mé ta rd néu ban lap lin dau tién, ning lye chwa thé tang nhanh duoc. Ban tiép tuc “LAP DI LAP LAI” thi téc 46 ban nhanh hon, thoi gian lap trén mét Kin gidm di va nang luc ting dan theo cp s6 cng Fibonaci. Khi ban lap sé Fan du lon (ft nhat 1a 15-18 lan) thi sé xudt hién “diém biing phat" vé nang luc. Tai dé ning le ciia ban sé dot ngot thay déi vé chat mét cach kinh ngac. Day la diéu ma bat ky ai theo phuong phdp nay cling sé nhan ra n6, Ban sé reo lén sung sung khi ban dat toi diém nay. Dé la phan thong danh cho nhimg ngudi hanh dong véi 100% nang lng. Khi d6 ban nhin vao bat ky bai tap nao ban cling sé nhan ra cach giai m6t cdch nhanh chong, ban sé tré nén tu:tin hon bao gid hét béi vi ban da ng ra nhiéu diéu ma trwéc day ban khong hé thy hodc ban nhi thdy nhing “diém mi hién nhién” cia minh, Ban nhan ra rang nhang thir don gian méi thurc sur c6 sttc manh, Ban sé hiéu vi sao can phai “hoc thudc lang” nhimg thir co ban dé. Ban hiéu durgc nguyén tac ra dé bai. Ban hiéu thém vé cdc “by” ma dé bai muén ban veot qua. Ban than t6i ciing da co mot liém bing phat’ nhw thé. “Toi bit diiu mén Héa voi mét sur that bai tham hai, Nam t6i hoc lép 9, I6p téi la lop chon nén hiiu nhu moi ngwéi déu durge chon vito cdc déi tuyén thi hoc sinh giéi. Ban than toi LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 14 NGUYEN VAN HAIPHUONG PHAP 30 GIAY LAM DE THI THU’ thich mén Vat ly, tuy nhién céc ban trong déi tuyén Ly da hoc hét tir hé. Ma hé thi t6i phai Jam thém phu gitip gia dinh nén khéng di hoc duoc. Vay nén khi t6i dang ky hoc di tuyén Ly thi c6 gido khéng ding va tai danh chon hoc d6i tuyén Hoa. Budi hoc dau tién la bud kiém tra chit leong. Doc dé, t6i té héa vi minh chang biét gi. Céc ban chac la hinh dung duoc khudn mét t6i thé néo khi t6i cam dé kiém tra chit? Toi cm thdy sdng leng lanh va todt ma hi, méic dis hom d6 trai rdt mat. Va két qué thi cdc ban cling dodn duoc, Mét diém “0” tron trinh, diém "0" cho mén H6a ~ mén ma tdi dang dy ddi tuyén hoc sinh gidi. Téi thuc su budn. Chua bao gid t6i bj diém 0 nhur thé nay. Nhung toi van hi vong Ia do minh chwra én nén két qué méi vay. Toi bat du doc lai sch va hi vong Ia sé kha hon, Budi hoc thié hai, c6 gido cho bai tp. T6i chwa kip doc xong dé thi gan nhwr ngay tap tite dé cé dap én ctia cdc ban xung quanh tdi, Cac ban khé c6 thé hinh dung mat téi lic a6 tréng dai dén thé nao déu. Téi nhdn ra réng minh thirc sur di mat gc mén H6a. Cac ban cling d6i tuyén lam réit nhanh, va giin nhu khong clin doc d8. Téi khéng hiéu vi sao cdc ban Iai lam duoc nhanh nhw thé. Toi cé héi mét ban ngdi canh. Ban tdi néi réng bai dang nay lam cd thang triéc khi vao d6i tuyén rai. Toi thyre su ngé ngang. Vai bwéc ngoat chinh Ia lap Toi tré vé nha va bde dau suy nghi. Canh nha t6i cé mét c6 bé khoding 16 thang tudi. C6 bé dé ce n6i chuyén cé ngay ké cd ndi ngong nhung moi nguéxi thi khéng mang ma chi vui vé n6i chuyén lai. T6i nhdn ra réng ban tdi néi ding. Chi khi chiing ta lap lai sé Kan di 16m thi ta m6i c6 thé lam viée mbt cdch nhudin nhuyéa duro. Téi Idy sdich Héa ra doc. Toi doc di doc lai dinh nghia ndng dé dung dich hang tram Rin cho dén khi t6i hiéu that rd nd, dén khi t6i nhdim mat ma van c6 thé wedng tegng minh dang nhin thay cde déng chi¢ dinh nghia v8 néng db. Ca thang dé téi chi lam ba bai tap co ban vé néng d6, tinh theo phuong trinh héa hoc va vai phan tng cia HCI va NaOH. Toi nhém lai cdc bai tap va twéng turgng minh dang viét loi gidi trong dau ra mét céch don gidn. Téi nhém trong hic di hoc, lic tam, ngay cd lic divé sinh. Sau mét thang, bai kiém tra ciia tai dat 9 diém, cao nhdt trong déi tuyén. Toi rat vui swréng con céic ban va cé6 gido thuc sw bat ng. Moi nguai khng hiéu vi sao toi lai lam duoc diéu dé, lim duo nhiéng bai cé chwa bao gid day. Nhung t6i biét, (61 lam durgc vi toi da hiéw duoc nguyén tac ctia cdc bai tocin, t6i da lam chii duoc mén H6a”. Trich sdch “Lam cht: mén Héa trong 30 ngay - Tap 1- Hiru co” Tuy nhién nhiéu ngwéi chia lim t6i diém nay thi da bé cudc. Ho kéu kho khdn va chan nén khi lap di lap lai nhiing didu dé khién ho nham chén, Bay chinh Ia diém phan biét ngueoi thanh céng va that bai v6i phwong phdp 30 gidy. Néu ban thuc sw mudn tréi nghiém cam gidc sung swéng & “diém big phat” thi ban clin tudn thi diing nguyén tée lap theo Fibonaci. Hay lip cng dan lai vai nhau va ben sé thay diéu ky diéu dién ra. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 15, NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 1: CAM KET M6t khi ban cam két, vai tru sé ing hé va tiép thém sire manh cho ban LE DANG KHUONG Trang 16 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET pet KY THI TRUNG HOC PHO THONG QUOC GIA CAM KET Mén thi: HOA HOC Mire dé Co ban Ss Cau 1: Trong hep chat ion, héa tri ciia mOt nguyén td durge xac dinh bing dién tich cita ion va duc goi ld dién héa tri ciia nguyén té dé. Trong mudi an, dién héa tri ciia nguyén td natri va clo twong tng la Adlval B.+1va-l C14 va 1. D.0vad, Cau 2: Trong sin xuat cong nghiép, qua trinh héa hoc nao sau day duge tién hanh 6 ap suat cao nhim thitc day can bing chuyén dich theo chiéu thuan? A. CaCOs (r) <= CaO (r) + COr(K). ——-B. FeO (r) + CO (k) <> Fe (r) + CO2 (A). C.No (K) + 3He (K) == 2NHs (K). C.C (r) + H20 (K) <> CO (K) + He (19, Cau 3: Trong héa hoc, nue vira 1a mdi truvdng nhung vira c6 thé truc tiép tham gia phan img voi vai tra la axit, bazo, chat oxi héa, chat khit. 6 digu kién thuong, nuéc thé hién, tinh khi khi tac dung véi chat nao sau day? A.SOs. B. CaO. C.Na D.F, Cau 4: Oxi va nito 1a hai nguyén t6 phi kim dign hinh, dng thoi cing la hai chat khi pho bign trong khi quyén. Néu gia thiét khérg khi chtra 20% 02 va 80% No vé thé tich thi khdi long riéng cia khong khi (6 dktc) gan nhat véi gid tri nao sau day? A.0,00 g/L. B. 1,30 g/L. C112 g/L. D.1,00 g/L. Cau 5: Trong phong thi nghiém, c6 thé chteag minh kha nang tan rat tt trong nude cla m6t sé chat khi theo hinh vé: Khi Nuoe Ban sé chon thi nghiém trén dé 4p dung véi khi nao sau day? A.CO2, B. NH. CN D.O. Cu 6: Tinh dn dién cia kim loai chit yéu duge gay ra boi sw chuyén dong cé hung cia cAc electron ty do trong kim loai dudi tac dung ciia dién trong. Trong sé cac kim loai, dan dign tt nhat la Ag, vi tri thir hai va thir ba Lan hot thude v8 A.Cuva Au. B. Alva Fe .NavaCa D. Mg va Zn. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 17 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 1: CAM KET Cu 7: Cho 5 gam hén hop X gom Al va Cu vao dung dich H2SO, (loaing, du) téi phan tng hoan toan, thu duoc 2,24 lit khf He (dktc). Phan tram kh6i long cita Al trong X 1a A.27%. B. 18%. C.54%. D. 36%. Cau 8: Khi phan tich thanh phn mudi sunfat ctia kim loai M (ng v6i héa tri n) thi thay nguyén t6 M chiém 20% khdi lwgng, cdn lai la oxi va lu huynh. Kim loai Mla A.Ca, B. Fe. C.Mg. D.Cu. CAu 9: Trong phong thi nghiém, tién hanh diéu ché H, bang c4ch cho Zn téc dung voi dung dich HCI loang. Khi He sé thoat ra nhanh hon néu thém vao hé phan ing vai giot dung dich nao sau day? A. CuCl. B. MgCl. C.AICK. D. NaCl Cu 10: Phong phép thy luyén diing cc kim loai manh hon dé khir ion cia kim loai yéu hon (trong dung dich mudi hoac phite chat) thanh kim loai. Dé “day” duoc Cu ra khdi dung dich CuSO; thi thong ding kim loai nao sau day? A.Na. B. Mg. Ce. DZn Cau 11: Hop chat nao sau day duge diing dé lam bot né: cho banh keo, chat tao khf trong thudc si bot va Lam thuéc gidm dau da day do thira axit? A. NaxCO3. B, NaHCOs. C. NaCl. D. NaOH. Cau 12: Cho so dd gbm hai phan éng: Al—> X——> AI(OH);. Hop chat X nao sau day Kkhng théa man so a3? A. NaAlO>, B.ALOs. AIC. D.AI(NO:)s Cau 13: Dign phan néng chay Al;03 v6i anot than chi (higu suat dign phan bang 100%) voi cudng dd dng dién 150000A trong thoi gian t gid, thu duc 252 kg Al & catot. Gid tri gan nhat voi tla AS. B.6 C8. D.10. Cau 14: Dua day sit néng dé vao binh khi oxi, day sat chay sang nhw durgc minh hoa 6 hinh du6i day: San phim tao thanh trong thi nghiém trén la A. FeO, B. Fe:03. Fes0.. D. Fe(OH). Cau 15: Crom 1a nguyén t6 thudc chu ki 4, nhém VIB trong bang tun hoan va thudng tao, ra cdc hop chat v6i s6 oxi hda +2, +3 va +6. Trong hgp chat nao sau day thi crom cé s6 oxi héa cao nhat? A.Cr0s. B. Cr(OH)s. ©. C1804. D. KxCrO., LE DANG KHUONG Trang 18 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 1: CAM KET Cu 16: Hai dung dich nao sau day khi téc dung voi dung dich NaOH (loang, dur) déu thu duge két tita khi cdc phan tng két thc? A, NaHCO va AIC. B. ZnSO, va MgSOs. C. FeCl, va Ca(HC0s)2. D.NaaCrO; va CrCls. Cau 17: O gin cdc 1d nung véi, khong khi bi 5 nhiém béi ndng dd khf CO; cao, am cay cdi, hoa mau thudng kh6ng phat trién duoc. Néu mot tun 1d nung voi san xudt durgc 4,2 in voi sng thi thé tich khi CO2 (dktc) da tao ra la A.1120 m3, B. 1344 mr, C. 1680 m>. D.1792 ms Cau 18: 0 digu kign thich hop, thi nghiém nao sau day tao ra san pham hifu co chi chita lign két xich ma (0)? A. Hidrat héa etilen. B. Thay phan canxi cacbua. €. Tring hop buta-1,3-dien. D. Hidrat héa axetilen. Cau 19: Cho cdc c§p chit sau téc dung v6i nhau 6 diéu kign thich hop, trong hop nao khong xy ra phan tng thé nguyén tir hidro trong hgp chat hiru co? A.etan va clo, B. axetilen va dung dich bac nitrat. C.etilen va dung dich brom. D. benzen va brom léng. Cu 20: G didu kién thuong, dung dich ancol nao sau day c6 kha nang héa tan Cu(OH)2 tao thanh dung dich mau xanh lam? ‘A. propan-1-ol. B. glixerol. €. ctanol. D. propan-2-ol. CAu 21: Xét so dd phan img (trong dung dich) gitra cac hop chat hitu co: CH=CH eBay XY COng thite cla Z1a A. CH;CHO. B. HO-CH2-CHO. C, CH3COONH;. D. CH,COOH. Cau 22: Etyl axetat c6 kha nang hda tan tét nhiéu chat nén dugc ding lam dung méi dé tach, chiét chat hiu co. Ban cé thé tong hyp duoc etyl axetat khi dun néng hén hop etanol va axit axetic véi chat xtic tac 1a A. niken. B. axit sunfuric dac. C. thiy ngan(Il) sunfat. D. bot sat. Cau 23: Hop chat hitu co X (chtta vong benzen) co céng thtte la CHyCOOCsH,OH. Khi dun néng, a mol X tac dung dwg v6i téi da bao nhiéu mol NaOH trong dung dich? A.a mol. B. 2a mol. C. 3a mol. D. 4a mol. cau 24: Chat béo la thie an quan trong ciia con ngwdi, 1a ngudn cung cép dinh duéng va ning lwong dang ké cho co’ thé hoat dng. Ngoai ra, mot hang lon chat béo duge ding trong cng nghiép dé sin xuat A, glucoze va glixerol. B. x2 phdng va ancol etylic. C. xa phong va glixerol. D. glucozo va ancol etylic. .E DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 19 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 1: CAM KET Cau 25: Y 1a mét polisaccarit cé trong thanh phan cita tinh bOt va c6 cu trie mach cacbon phan nhénh. Gao nép sé di déo hon va dinh hon gao té vi thanh phn cé chiva nhiéu Y hon. Tén goi cia ¥ 1a A. glucozo. B.amilozo. C. amilopectin. D.saccaroze. Cau 26: Trong cay thudc la ty nhién va khéi thudc Id ¢6 chira ham Irgng cao mot chat gay , thy té 1a mgt amin véi cu tao nhw sau: Amin nay lam tang huyét 4p va nhip tim, c6 kha nang gay so’ vira dng manh vanh va suy gidm tri nh6. Tén goi cia amin lA A. cafein. B. anilin. €. triolein, D. nicotin. Cau 27: Trong phan tir tetrapeptit Ala~Gly-Val-Glu, amino axit @au Na A. Val. B.Glu. Ala. D.Gly. CAu 28: C6 thé phan biét ba dung dich: metylamin, anilin, axit axetic bing phuong phap héa hoc khi dang thuéc thir 1a. A. natri clorua. B. quy tim. C. natri hidroxit. D. phenolphtalein. Cau 29: To nilon-6,6 cé tinh dai, mém, ong mu¢t, it tham nwéc, git mau khé, dugc ding 46 dét vii may mic, dét bit tét, dan luéi, bén day cap, day du. Polime tao thanh to nilon-6,6 c6 tén 1a A. poliacrilonitrin. B, poli(etylen terephtalat). C. poli(hexametylen adipamit).. D. xenlulozo triaxetat. Cau 30: Cho day cac chat: metyl acrylat, triolein, saccarozo, metylamin, glyxylalanin. S6 chat bj thiy phan khi dun néng trong moi trudng axit 1a AB. BS. 2. D.4. Mire a9 Van dung Cau 31: Tién hanh céc thf nghiém khi suc chét kh{ sau vao dung dich twong tg & diéu kign throng: (a) S02 vao H.S; (b) Frvao NaF; (©) O: (du) vao HS; (@) Ch vao NH; (€) $02 vao KMn04; (g) C02 vao NazSiOs. Sé6 thi nghiém cé sinh ra don chat la AS. B.4. 3. D. 6. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 20 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET Cau 32: Cho cdc hén hgp sau vao dung dich NaOH (loang, dur) & diéu kién thuong: (a) Cr205 va CrOs. (b) Al va ALO. (©) Nava Zn. (a) Siva SiO; (©) NaHCOsvaCaCh; —_—_(g) FeO va FeSO, Sau khi két thiic cac phan ing, s6 thi nghiém chi tao thanh dung dich la AL 2. B.4. C5. D. 3. CAu 33: Trong phong thi nghiém, khi dun néng NazSO; tinh thé v6i axit H2S0, dic thu dugc khi $02 (xem so dé hinh vé bén dui). H,S0, (ac) NaxSOs, Bong tam nude voi / S02 Phat biéu nao sau day Ia sai vé qué trinh trén? A. Khi tham gia phan ting, H2SO. dic la chat oxi héa, NazSO: [a chat khtt. B. Néu thay axit H.SO, dac bang axit H2S0, loang thi tc d6 phan ig giam. C. Détnéng binh ciu bing ngon lira dén cn dé 1am ting t6e dd phanieng, D. Bang tam nuée véi cé tac dung ngan khéng cho khi SO: thoat ra ngoai. Cau 34: Cho mot lrong hén hgp X gom Ba vi Na vao 200 mL dung dich Y gom HCl 0,1M va AICI; 0,1M. Két thitc cdc phan tg, thu doc 1,008 lit khi (dktc) va m gam két tha. Gia tri gin nhat voi ma A.08. B.16. C24. D.3,2. 5: Hap thu hoan toan 896 mL khi CO: (dktc) vao 200 mL dung dich gdm Ba(OH)2 0,1M va NaOH 0,3M, thu duoc dung dich X va két tlia Y. Cho tir tir dung dich HCI 0,5M vao X én khi bat dau co khi sinh ra thi hét V mL. Gid tri cla V1a A. 80. B. 40. C. 60. D. 120, Nhiét phan m gam hdn hop gom KMnO, va KCIOs, thu dug V lit khi O2 (dktc) va 5,75 gam chat ran gom K2MnO,, MnO,va KCI. Dan toan bé hong 0; tao thanh di qua cacbon néng dé, thay c6 0,36 gam cacbon da phan ing, thu dwgc hon hop khi X cé ti khdi so v6i Hz bing 18. Lay 224 mL X (dktc) suc vao nuéc véi trong (du), sinh ra 0,4 gam két tia, Gid tri gn nhat vi m 1a A. 60. B.7,2. C84. D.9.6. cau 37: Hop chat X c6 cng thite phan tir CsHoO,. Thy phan hoan toan X trong dung dich NaOH, thu duoc mét mudi cia axit cacboxylic Y va ancol Z. Biét dung dich ctia Z hoa tan durgc Cu(OH), tao thanh mau xanh lam. Céng thite cu tao cla X 1a A, HCOOCH:CH.OOCCHs, B. HCOOCH2CH2CH200CH €. CHsCOOCH:CH200CCHs. D. HCOOCH2CH(CHs)OOCH. Cau cau 3 LE DANG KHUONG Trang 21 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET Cau 38; Nhiét phan metan trong 1d hd quang & nhiét 46 1500°C thu duge hén hgp X gdm metan, axetilen va hidro. Ti khdi ciia X so v6i Hz bang S. Dan 1,792 lit X (dktc) vao dung dich brom du, khéi hrong brom t6i da taam gia phan tng 1a A3,2 gam. B8,0 gam. C64 gam. D48 gam. ‘Cau 39: Cho X, Y, Z, T la cdc chat khac nhau trong s6 bén chat sau: C7HsNHz, NHs, CcHs0H (phenol), CoHsNH2 (anilin) va cdc tinh chat dwoc ghi trong bang sau: { chat 7 x Y z(t [ Nhigt d9 si, °C 182,0 -33,4 166 | 184,0 [PH (dung dich ndng 46 0,1 mol/L) [8,8 1A 11,9 154 Nhan xét nao sau day ding? A.TIACsHsNHa.B.Z1& GHsNHe, C.X 1a NH. D.Y la CsHsOH. Cau 40; Hén hop X gom axit acrylic, metyl acrylat, axit metacrylic, metyl metacrylat. Dét chéy hoan toan m gam X, thu dwgc V lit khi CO, (dktc) va a mol HzO. Biéu thitc lién hé gitam,Vvaala Sone Soa 5,6 = Wy pem= EY 160 5,6 5.6 cm Cau 41: Cho axit cacboxylic X c6 mach cacbon khong phan nhanh, phan tir chita khéng qua 4 nguyén tir cacbon. Bét chay hoan toan a mol X, thu duoc s6 mol CO? nhiéu hon s6 mol 10 la 2a mol. Cho a mol X tac dung véi dung dich NaHCO; dur, thu duoc 2a mol khi CO2. Phat biéu nao sau day vé c4u tao phan tircda X Ia sai? A.X chtta hai nhém chite cacboxyl. B. X chira mt lién két ddi C=C. €.X khOng 6 ding phan hinh hoc. D.X chtia ba lién két x (pi). Cau 42: Hn hop X gm glyxin, alanin va axit glutamic. Trong X, nguyén t6 oxi chiém 40% vé khéi hrong. Cho m gam X tac dung hoan toan véi long vira di dung dich gm NaOH 2,0% va KOH 2,8%, thu durgc 8,8 gam mudi. Gid tri cia m 1a A5S6. B64. 4.8. D.7,2. Mike 4 Nang cao Cau 43: Hoa tan hoan toan m gam Al bang 620 mL dung dich HNO 1M (vira di) thu dugc hén hop khi X (g6m hai khi) va dung dich Y chia 8m gam mudi, Cho dung dich NaOH du vao ¥ thay c6 25,84 gam NaOH phan ing. Hai khi trong X la cap khi nao sau day? A.NO va Nz. B.NO va Ho. C.NO va N20. D.N20 va No. phan 400 mL. (khong adi) dung dich gom NaCl, HCl va CuSO, 0,02M (dién cue tro, mang ngin x6p) voi cudng do dong dién 1,93. MGi lién hé gilra thi gian dién phan va pH ciia dung dich dién phan dugc biéu dién trén dd thi dudi day. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 22 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 1: CAM KET pH 13) 7 2 5 ‘Tho? gian (giay) Gid tri cia t wrén dd thi la A, 3600. B. 1200. ©. 3000. D. 1800. Cau 45: Thue hién phan tng nhiét nhém hén hop gom Al va m gam hai oxit sat trong khi tro, thu dug hén hop X. Cho X vao dung dich NaOH du, thu dugc dung dich Y, chat khéng tan Z va 0,672 It khf Hz (dktc). Syc khi CO; dur vao Y, thu duge 7,8 gam két tia. Cho Z tan hét vao dung dich H,SO,, thu dugc dung dich chita 15,6 gam muéi sunfat va 2,464 lit khf SO2 (& dkte, la san pham Khir duy nhdt ciia HzSO.). Biét cac phan tng xay ra hoan toan. Gid tri cia m 1a A. 6,29. B, 6,48. ©. 6,96. D.5,04. Cau 46: Hon hop X gm Fez0s, FeO va Cu (trong dé nguyén té st chiém 52,5% khdi long). Cho m gam X tac dung voi 84 mL dung dich HCl 2M (du) toi phan tng hoan loan, the dugc dung dich Y va cdn lai 0,2m gam chat rén khéng tan. Cho dung dich AgNOs dur vao Y, thu duoc khf NO va 28,32 gam két tia. Gidtrichamla A.8,0. 8.64. (88. D.96. Au 47: Hén hop E gdm mét axit cacboxylic no, hai chic (c6 phn trim khéi lwong cacbon, lon hon 30%) va hai ancol X, ¥ ding ding ké tiép (Mx< Mi). Dét chay hoan toan 0,2 mol E can vira dit 8,96 lit khf 0; (dktc), thu dugc 15,4 gam CO2 va 8,1 gam H,0. Dun néng 0,2 mol E véi axit sunfuric dic, thu duoc m gam cic hop chat cé chitc este. Biét phan tram sé mol tham gia phan img este héa cia X va Y twong ting bang 30% va 20%. Gid tri lon nhat cia mia A. 6,32 B. 6,18. ©.2,78. D. 4,86. 48: Dun hén hgp glixerol va axit cacboxylic X (phan tir c6é mach cacbon khéng phan nhanh va chi chtra nhém chifc ~COOH) v6i mic tac HzS0, dac, thu duc hdn hop san phm hitu co, trong dé cé chat hiru co Y mach hé. Dét chay hoan toan 3,80 gam Y bang 02, thu dugc 6,16 gam CO, va 1,80 gam H20. Biét Y cé6 cong thie phan tir triing voi cong thirc don gian nhat, Y phan tg durgc voi NaOH theo tilé mol twong tng 1 : 2 LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 23 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 1: CAM KET Phat biéu nao sau day 1a sai? A. Téng s6 nguyén tir hidro trong hai phan tir X, Y bing 10. B. Y kh6ng c6 phan tng tréng bac. €. ¥c6 kha nang phan ting cOng voi Br. theo tilé mol 1:1. D.X cé ding phan hinh hoc. Cau 49: X, ¥ la hai axit cacboxylic don chic, mach hé, phan tir déu c6 chia hai lign két 7 21a ancol hai chitc c6 cling s6 nguyén tir cacbon véi X; T 1a este tao béi X, Y va Z. Dét chy hoan toan m gam hén hop E gim X, Y, Z va T can vira dit 28,56 lit Oo (dkte), thu duge 45,1 gam CO. va 19,8 gam H20. Mat khac, m gam E tac dung véi t6i da 16 gam Br. trong dung dich. Néu cho m gam E tac dung hét v6i dung dich NaOH (dur, dun néng) thi thu dugc bao nhiéu gam mudi? A.11,0 gam, B.12,9 gam, €.25,3 gam. D.10,1 gam. Cau 50: Hén hop E gom hai peptit mach hi X, ¥ (du dug tao thanh tir hai amino axit no, c6 chita m6t nhém chite amino va mot am chite cacboxyl, Mx< My). ‘Thily phan hoan toan 0,06 mol hén hop E bang dung dich NaOH viva di, chi thu duoc hai muéi cé s6 mol 1a 0,08 mol va 0,20 mol. Dét chy hoan toan 10,20 gam E can vira da 15,84 gam khi 02, tao thanh san pham gom Cz, H20 va No, Biét tng s6 lién két peptit trong phan tit ctia X va Y bang 8. ‘Téng s6 nguyén tir trong mét phan tir cia Y 1a AL S4. B. 66. .57. D. 63. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 24 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 1: CAM KET DANH GIA - LOT GIAI - SAI LAM - 30 GIAY cau Dién héa tri Dién tich ion (dau +, - dat sau tri s6) > Dap an C. cau 2: Tang Ap suat, can bang chuyén dich lam gidm 4p suat, tire gidm 6 phan tir khi, > Dap an C. Cau 3: Nuéc thé hién tinh khii khi tic dung v6i chat ¢6 tinh oxi héa manh, a6 1a Fy, (28, + 2H,0 —> 4HF + 0,1) + Dap and. Cau 4: Xét 22,4 lit khong khi (dkcte) gdm: N,: 0,8 (mol), O,; 0,2 (mol). 9 MGT EAE aoe) Cau 5: Khi X phai 1a khi tan tot trong nude dé lam dp suat trong binh giam nhanh chéng, tao ra hign tung nuéc phun trao vao binh > Dap an B. Cau 6: B6n kim loai dan dién tét nat la Ag > Cu > Au> Al Dap an A, cau 7: 2Al + 3H,SO, ——> AL,(SO,), + 3H, 7 ) (n>) | =| 2 | 97 = 1,8 (gam). | Mot: 2 ¢ ay : e3; (18) an Yom = | “F ;100% = 36% -» Dap an D. 5) Cau 8: Goi céng thitc mudi sunfat IA M,(SO, ),.. Theo bai ta c6 Sone ee Pee cau 9: Khicho thém mudi CuCl: Zn + CuCl, —> ZnCl, + Cu Cu sinh ra bam vao bé mat Zn, tao ra pin dién Zn-Cu, lam tang t6c dé thoat khi hidro. >Dap an A. Cau 10: Na la kim loai manh, cho vao dung dich mudi sé khiy nuéc, tao khi He: LE DANG KHUONG Trang 25 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 1: CAM KET 1 N N 7 la +H,0 ——+ NaOH + gtk? Dap in. (2NaOH + CuSO,—> Cu(OH), + + Na,SO, Cau 14: (Nalco, + Hcl —» NaCl + CO, t + 1,0) »Dap an B. Cau 12: ‘Al2Os kh6ng tac dung véi H,0 dé tao thanh AI(OH)s. (NaAlo, + CO, + 2H,0 —> ACOH), 4 + NaHCo, | |AICL, + 3NaQH ——> AI(OH), 4 + 3NaCl | Dap anB. \AlQNO,), + 3NaOH —> AI(OH), J + 3NaNO, 180013 (s 5 (h) Dap an A. cau 14: (3Fe + 20, “+ Fe,0,) pap anc, Cau 15: ‘Trong hop chat KaCrO,, s6 oxi héa cia crom bing +6 18 16n nhat. ->Dap an D. Cau 16: AI(OH);, Zn(OH);, Cr(OH); du luOng tinh va tan khi cho NaOH dur Loai A, B, D. (FeCl, + 2NaOH ——> Fe(OH), ) + 2NaCl (cacico + 2Na0H ——> CaCO, 4 + Na,CO, + 2H,0 ap an C. au 17: (Caco, "+ 680 + CO,) o,= Meo 4 oo = 0,075.10° (mol) Cau 18: (CH, =cH, + 4,0 “+ cH, ~cH, -OH \cac, + 2H,0 > ca(on), + CH=CH? nCH, = CH-CH=CH, —%->(~CH, -CH =CH~CH, -) ee + H,O —:> CH, -CH=0 ap an A. LEDANG KHUONG Trang 26 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 1: CAM KET cau 19: Phan tmg gitta etilen va brom trong dung dich la phan tmg cong Dap an C. Cau 20: Dung dich ancol da chite (cé > 2 nhém -OH lién ké) hoa tan Cu(OH)»: (2c,H,(0H), + Ca(OH), —> [C,H,(OH),0], Cu + 2H,0) —> Dap an B. Cau 21: CH=CH + H,0 YS CH, ~CHO CH, —CHO + 2AgNO, + 3NH, + H,0—"- CH, -COONH, + 2Ag + 2NH,NO, CH, -COONH, + HCl ——> CH,-COOH + NH,Cl — Dap an D. Cau 22: CH,COOH + C,H,OH “+> CH,COOL,H, + H,0 > Pap an B. Cau 2: —» Dap an C. Cau 24: Thiiy phan chat béo trong moi trudng kidm thu due xa phong va glixerol: (R-COO),CH, + 3NaQH ——> 3RCOONa + C,H,(OH), > Dap an Cau 25: Tinh bot = Amilozo (mach khéng phan nhanh) + Amilopectin (mach phan nhdnh).. Y1A amilopectin —> Dap an €. cau 2 Amin d6 18 nicotin -» Dap an D. Cau 27: Qui ue trong phan tir peptit: Amino axit dau tién con nhém chic amino (-NH2) direc goi 1 amino axit dau N, amino axit cudi cing con nhom cacboxyl (~COOH) la amino axit dau C. Nhu vay, Ala 1a amino axit dau N, Glu 1a amino axit dau C — Dap an C. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 27 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 1: CAM KET Cau 28: Dung dich metylamin lam qui tim déi sang mau xanh, axit axetic lam qui tim déi sang mau dé, con anilin kh6ng lam 46i mau > D4p an B, Cau 29: Poli(hexametylen adipamit) ding dé san xuat to nilon-6,6 dugc tao thanh tir phan tng triing nung hexametilendiamin va axit adipic. —> Dap anc. Cau 30: Cac chat bi thity phan gdm: metyl acrylat, triolein, saccarozo, glyxylalanin, Metylamin téc dung voi dung dich axit, khong bi thily phan trong méi trudng axit. > Dap an. Cau 31: (a) 2H2S + SO, 3S + 2H20 © {b) 2F2 + 2H20 ——> 4HF + 027 oO (c) 2H2S + O2—> 2S + 2H.0 © 02 tac dung v6i HS & trong dung dich thi chi tao ra luu huynh. (d) 3C+ 2NH)——> 6HCI + Ne o (ec) 5802 + 2KMnO, + 2H,0 ——> K,SO, + 2MnSO; + 2H.S0, (g) NaxSi0; + 2CO, + 21,0 + H,S10;) + 2NaHCOs > Dap an B. u 32: (a) CrO; + 2NaOH —> NasCrO, + H20 (Cr20s khong tan). (b) Al + NaOH + H20 ——> NaAlo2 + dint ALO; + 2NaQH ——» 2NaAlO2 + H20 © (c) Zn + 2NaOH ——> NazZnO2 + Het 2Na + 2HeO0 ——> 2NaOH + Hz © (d) Si + 2NaOH + HO ——+ NapSiO; + 2H27 {SiOz khéng tan ). (e) NaHCOs + NaOH ——> NarCOs + H20 CaCl, + NaxCOs——> CaCO} + 2Nacl {g) FeSO, + 2NaOH ——» Fe(OH)21 + NazSOs (FeO khdng tan) > Dap an A. Cau 33: Phan ing diéu ché SO, & trén chi la phan tng trao a6i (khdng c6 su thay déi sé oxi hoa ca cac nguyen t6) NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET Thay axit H2SO. ac bang axit 1280, loang thi te d6 phan img gidm (t6c 46 phan ting phu thudc vao néng 46). Hon nita, dung slich H2SO; loaing c6 chira nhigu nuéc hon, khi $0: lai tan tot trong nuée, cing lam am lugng khi bay ra: B ding Dun néng sé lam tng tc dd phan ieng tng (t6c 46 ting theo nhiét 6): C ding Bong tim nwéc voi c6 kha nding hap thu $02 do 6 phan tng: (cafoH), + So,—>» Caso, ) + H,0):D ding >Dap an A. Cau 34: 1. Danh gid (i) Xay ra phan ting cia Ba, Na v6i axit va véi nude, tao két tha AI(OH)s, (ii) Dé tinh m cn biét s6 mol OH- sinh ra, luu ¥ AI(OH)s lung tinh. 2. Loi gia So dd phan ing: {HCl : 0,02 (mol) + (AICI, : 0,02 (mol) —> {H, 0,045 (mol) Ba lino | Al(on),:? qui n sinh Cac qué trinh tao thanh va hoan tan mt phan két tha ri hi AD + 30H —> al(oH), + A\(OH), + OH —> AlO, + H,0) Mol: 0,02—>0,06 + 0,02 Mol: 0,01<——0,01 } M = M yoyp, = 0.01.78 = 0,78 (gam) Dap an A. 3. Sai lam (1) QUI KE Myjgq, =Myo, = 0402 (Mol) mM, y4.4) = 156 (gam): Chon B (ii) Viét phan ting Na, Ba dy Al ra khéi mudi AICh. 4.30 giay cau 35 1. anh gia n 2n, (=e 0.04 + 0.06 _ 2 5 > 2: Bazo dur, chi tao mudi cacbonat n 0,04 (ii) Thi tu phan tng voi HCl: Bazo > Mudi cacbonat > Mudi hidrocachonat. 2. Loi gidi + Hap thu CO, vao dung dich kiém LE DANG KHUONG Trang 29 ~ NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 1: CAM KET { Ba(OH), + CO,——» BaCo,/ + H,0) Mol: 0,02 0,02 0,02. } a (Mol: 0, . , J { 2NaOH + CO,—> Na,CO, + iad i \ Mol: 0,04<———0,02-—+ 0,02 + Cho tir tir HCI vao dung dich X gdm NaOH dur (0,02 mol) va NazCOs (0,02 mol) {NaOH + HCl——>NaCl + H,0) 8) | Mol: 0,02 0,02 J { Na,cO, + HCl——> NaHCO, + NaCl) @ \ Mol: 0,02— +0,02 Sau phan ting (4) méi dén phan ting tao kh CO2 (dén phan tmg nay thi divng): (Nalco, + Hcl——> NaCl + co,t + H,0 , (Mol © 02 a on i xa oy ee 3. Sai lam oa = 0,04 (L) = 40 (mL): Chon B. (ii) Tinh ca s6 mol HCl tham gia phan dng (5): V = 0,12 (L) = 120 (mL): Chon D. 4.30 giay (i) Quén phan éeng (3): V Cau 36: 1. Danh gia (i) Dan khi Odi qua cacbon néng décé thé thu dugc hén hgp gdm CO, CO: va O2 dur (ii) Can lién hé gitra mét phan thé tich cita X (224 mL) véi toan bd X 2. Loi giai (2kMno, —“ K,Mno, + MnO, + 0, ) | a | 2Kc10, > 2KCI + 30, C4c phan tng dét chay cacbon: (2c + 0,—*+ 2co c + 0,—+¢0,) LE DANG KHUONG ang 30 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET Khi cho X vao nuéc vai trong dur, chi c6 CO2 bi hap thu: CO, + Ca(OH), —> CaCo,4 + H,0 (uo 0,004< 0,004 } —sy = 0,004 (mol). Tir dé tinh duoc x = 0,002 (mol) va z = 0,004 (mol). Trong 224 ML X: n= Mog, + Mog = 0,006; ny = 2n,, + 2gg, + Ne = 0,018 (mol). ‘Theo bai, da cé 0,03 mol cacbon bi dét chay nén trong toan bé X thi: Bao toan khdi long: m = 5,75 + m, = 5,75 + 0,045.32 = 7,19 (gam) > Dap an B. 3. Sai lam (i) Xét thiéu thanh phn khi coi hdn hop X gém CO va CO. ho&c CO va (ii) Coi 224 mL X 1a toan bd X: m= 5,75 + (0,018 : 2).32 = 6,038: Chon A. 4.30 giay cau 37: 1. Banh gia (i) X este hai chite va Z c6 chita hai nhom -OH lién ké. (li) X chia 5 nguyen tir cacbon va duye (yo bi mot axit va mét ancol hai chire nén Y chira mt cacbon va Z chtta ba cacbon. 2, Loi giai A: HCOOCH:CH:00CCH; + 2NaOH ——> 2HCOONa + CHjCOONa + HOCH.CH.OH (Loai A vi tao thanh hai mudi). B: HCOOCH2CH(CH;)OOCH + 2NaOH ——> 2HCOONa + HOCH.CH:CH.OH (Loai B vi tao thanh ancol cé hai nhém -OH xa nhau) C: Loai vi c6 chia 6 nguyén tir cacbon. D: HCOOCH,CH(CH;)OOCH + 2NaQH ——> 2HCOONa + HOCH.CH(OH)CHs — (") Dap an D. Cau 38: 1. Banh gid (i) Khdi hrong X sau phan tng = Khéi long metan trude phan tng. (ii) $6 mol kh He sinh ra = S6 mol khi tng thém = $6 mol lién két pi tao than 2, Lai giai Phan img nhiét phan metan sso'c 2CH, "+ CH, + 3H, Mol: 2a———> a——> 3a LE DANG KHUONG Trang 31 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 1: CAM KET Phan ting khi cho X tac dung véi Br CH=CH + 2Br, —> CHBr, CHB Mol: 0,015» 0,03 = 0,03.160 = 4,8 (gam) -> Dap An D. 3. Sai am ( Quén ap dyng bao toan khéi Iwong cho hé khi truéc va sau phan tng, 4.30 giay Cau 39: 1. Dan gid (i) Trang thai cdc chat 6 diéu kién thuong: phenol (r4n), anilin (I6ng), etylamin (khi) va amoniac (kh, c6 phan tir khéi nhé nhat). (ii) Tinh bazo: etylamin > amoniac > anilin > phenol. 2, LOi giai Dua theo trang thai (rn, léng khf) ca cdc chat, c6 thé dy doan: Hai chat c6 nhiét 46 s6i cao la phenol va anilin; hai chat c6 nhiét d6 s6i thap 1a etylamin va amoniac. pH tile véi luc luc bazo: etylamin (11,9) > amoniac (11,1) > anilin (8,8) > phenol (5,4). Vay: X 1a CeHsNHa, Y 1a NH, Z 1a CoHsNHe va T 1a CcHsOH. Dap anB. Cau 40: 1. Banh gia (i) Phan tir mdi chat du chtta 2 lign két pi tg voi cong thite chung C,H, ,O, 2. Loi gidi Phan img d6t chay X: CH,.0, + 28=Do, aco, + (19,0 X {CHa 0, 7 Mol: fo a v 1v = | +18a>m= —" 30a “(5 sat = 56 Bao toan khéi hrong: m+ af 32 Dap An A. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 32 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 1: CAM KET 3. Sai lam (i) Khong tim thay diém chung cita cdc chatvé cong thétc phan tit. « 3n-3 (ii) Khong nhan ra méi quan hé tilé gitta hé s6 cia 02 va (n~1) cha H2O. 4.30 giay Cau 41 1. Banh gia +1] =3: Phat biéu D ding, Ney, (i) S6lién két x (tote | 0, (Me (ii) $6 nhém chite cacboxyl fa 2 = 2: Phat biéu A dung. 2. Loi giai Sé lién két d6i C=C bang sé lién két x trit s6 nhém cacboxyl = 3 ~ 2 = XA axit cacboxylic khong no, mét n6i déi C=C, hai chtte—s X chita > 4cacbon, ‘Theo bai: X chtra s6 cacbon < 4va 6 mach cacbon khng phan nhanh nén cng thir cau tao phit hop cita X 1: HOOC~ CH=CH ~COOH. Nhu vay, Xe dng phan hinh hoc, phat biéu C sai > Dap an C. Cau 42: 4. Danh gia 4.6 mol nhém chite: Ny = 2M. ggoyp (i) Méi quan hé gitta s6 mol nguyén t6 oxi v: 2. Loi giai So dé phan éng: Gly [waon: " (mot) 7 Ala + } aad > 2 + H,0: (mol) m : Gl KOH: (mol 7 I 160 40m , 56m 18m Bao toan khdi luong: m + 42 , 56M gg, 18M _, 1 375m=8,8 > m=6,4 (gam fo toan Kh Iugmg: m + T&S 307 >m (gam) —, Dap an B. 3. (i) Goi sé mol cho mai amino axit va c6 ging tim cdc An s6 nay: thiéu dit kién gia 4. 30 gidy am EN VAN HAI LE BANG KHUONG ‘Trang 33,DE SO 1: CAM KET Cau 43: 1. Danh gia (i) Loai ngay B vi kim loai tc dung voi HNO; khéng sinh ra Ha (ii) Al tac dung voi HNO: ¥ c6 thé chira mudi amoni nitrat. 2. Loi giai So dB phan teng 1: Al im Al + HNO,——> (NO), y f + HO NH,NO, [an 7 So dd phan ting 2: AI(NO, ), + 4NaQH—> NaAlO, + 3NaNO,+ 2H,0 AI(NO, ),: { (NO)38 NaOH NH,NO, :b foe NH,NO, + NaOH ——> NaNO, + NH, +H,0 Bao toan nguyén té hidro: Mhuvo, = 4nuino, * 2Pno > 0 (9%: ‘one 0.298 (mol), Bao toan nguyén t6 nito: Ayo, = 3% qo, * 2M, + By) > Ry c= 0162 ~3.0,16 — 2.0,006 = ,128 (mol). Bao toan nguyén t6 oxi: 3Myo, = Myo, + 3A yyp0, * Boor) + Moe > Ny y= 3.0,62—9.0,16 —3.0,006 — 0,298 = 0,104 (mol) = 0128 | Belt 2) NO va N20 théa man. Lap bang danh gid nhu sau: NO vaNOz NO va N20 n, << 1<—¥ <2 | Dap an C. 3. Sai lam (i) Khéng biét bai toan gidu san phdm amoni nitrat. (8) C6 gang tim sé mol méi khi va s6 mol electron trao déi tong tg. (i) Quén phan ting cita Al(OH)shodc NH4NOs v6i NaOH du. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 34 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET 4.30 giay (i) Khi pH khong d6i: CuSO, va NaCl didn phan. (ii) Khi pH cita tng tir 2 dén 7 (ndng d6 axit gidm): HCI dién phan. (iii) Khi pH tang tir 7 dén 13 (mdi truéng kiém): NaCl (dur) dién phan. 2. Loi gid + Giai doan 1:CuSO, va NaCl dién phan truéc va CuSO, hét, Naso, = 0.4.0,02 = 0,008 (mol). ee ee bal 0,016.96500 1,93 acl con dur I 9008 =0016=("| v4, 00 (5). + Giai doan 2: HC} dién phan, ndng dé ax 7 Ushi HCI hét, chi con NaCl va NaoSO;) im, pH Ging dn tir 2 (ban dau) di Do pH=2 > Cyq= 0,01 (mol/L) > n,.,= 0,01.0,4 = 0,004 (mol). (2) (It > 1, = 1.0,004 = 0,004 = (E> 200 (s). + Giai doan 3: NaCl bi dién pha aOk pH tng dan. Do pH = 13 Cy, 0,1 (mol/L) > Ny,.,= 0,1.0,4 = 0,04 (mol). aa i 1,93 > t= ty + tz + ts = 3000 (gidy) — Bap dn ¢. 3. fam (i) Xac dinh khong diing thir tu céc giai doan dién phan twong tig véi dd thi. (ii) Quén cach chuyén déi pH thanh ndng d6 cac chat axit, bazo twong tng. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 35 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 1: CAM KET 4.30 gidy Cau 45: 1. Danh gid (i) Hén hop hai oxit st luén c6 thé qui vé FeO va Fex0s (vi Fex0, = Fe0.Fe20s). 2, Loi giai So dd phan dng 1: Al Al ocx NaAlo,: x + 2y 5 AI(OH),: x + 2y FeO —“+X ALO, :y M5 Fe,0, Fe cz Fe Theo bai fo = a = 0,03 ag [ = 0,02 (mol) lec +2y=010 [Y= 0,04 (mol) So dé phan ting 2: (Kim loai + H2SO, dac thi ludn c6: ny, ©, {Fe,(S0,), {Fe + H,S0,—"+> + $0, + HO Feso, Mol: 0,22 0,11¢—0,11 0,22 Bao toan khéi lwong: m,, = 15,6 + 0,11.64 + 0,22.18-0,22.98 = 5,04 (gam). Vay: m=m,, +m, =5,04 + 3y.16 = 6,96 (gam) —> Dap an C. 3.Sai tam (i) Dat sé mol cho Al va hai oxit st ngay tir dau sé lam phitc tap khi tinh toan. Quén phan dng Fe khtr m@t phan Fe2(SO4)3 thanh FeSO. 4.30 gidy cau 46: 1. Danh gid (OX + HCI du:Chat ran khong tan 1a Cu (dur) sau khi da khi hét FeCls thanh FeCh. (ii) ¥ + AgNOs: Hai tac nhan oxi héa (NO; /H’)va Ag’ déu dua Fe(II) lén Fe(IM). 2, Loi giai So dd phan itng: LE DANG KHUONG Trang 36 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAMKET Fe,0,:x [fect Gx+y) Fe,0, + GHCl > 2FeCl, + 31,0 | Feo :y —aii ree Cs FeO + 2HCl ——> FeCl, + H,0 7 aistna | | HCI: (0,168-6x-2y) | Pees {cu :z | [Cu + 2FeCl,——> CuCl, + 2FeCl, [cu: (2x) \ c Theo bai: [m (mg, A(2-x) =0,2(160x + 72y + 642) 96x + 14,4y = 51,22 ‘Tat cd 0,168 mol nguyén td Cl ban dau déu chuyén vao két tia nén: |= 2832-0,168.143, <=" = 0,039 (mol). 108 a 6(2x + y) = 0,525(160x + 72y + 642) as + 18,2y = 33,62 > AgClL = 0,168 (mol) va Ag Ag’ + Cl al @) Mol: 0,168 —>0,168 tham gia (3) suy ra s6 mol Fez 6 (2) [a (2x+y~ | Fe™ + Ag’ —> Fe" + sh) Mol: 0,039< 0,039 Nhan chéo hé sé & (2): 3(0,168-6x-2y) = 4(2x+y-0,039) > 26x + 10y = 0,66 [2 + 18,2y = 33,62 96x + 14,4y =51,22-> {x= 0,01 (mol);y = 0,04 (mol); z = 0,03 (mol) 26x + 10y = 0,66 —> m= 0,01.160 + 0,04.72 + 0,03.64 = 6,4 (gam) Dap an B. 3. Sai fam (i)Khi Xtac dung voi HCI du thi nghi rang Cu khdng phan ting va con nguyén ven (ii) Quén phwong trinh (2), (3) hoae viétsai thir tw truée, sau. 4.30 giay Cau 47: 1. Banh gid (i) Axit oxalic (HOOC-COOH) cé 26,67%C-» Axit cacboxylic chita > 3 nguyén tir C. Reo, _ 0,35 n, 0,20 (iC = 1,75: E chita ancol CHsOH, ancol ké tiép la CsHsOH. 2. Loi gidi LE BANG KHU'ONG Trang 37 : NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 1: CAM KET Goi cong thite cia axit no, hai chtéc 1a CH2n.20. + So dd phan tng 1 (Dét chay E): CoHan 24 2 « [CO :[nx+y+2z] CHOH zy + 0, “547705 - COW ex |H,0 : [(n-1)x-+ 2y +32] Bao NG OXI: Ng gq t 2g, = 2M, * Myo > Ny «= 2.0,35 + 0,45 ~0,40.2 = 0,35 (mol) > 4x + y +z = 0,35 (mol). axty+z 0,35 {x = 0,05 (mo!) |xty+2 =0,20 "ly +z =0,15 (mo) Ngo, = HX + + 2z = 0,35 0,05n + 0,15 + z= 0,35 > 0,05n+2=0,.2>n<4, Mat khac:n>3 > va axit cacboxylic hai chttc 1a HOOC-CH2-COOH. + So do phan tng 2(Thuc hién phan ting este hda) Khdi long este lon nhat khi legng axit phan ting nhiéu nat, diéu nay xay ra khi chi mot nh6m chite axit tham gia phan ng. jogs CH, ~COOH : 0,05 {HOOC —CH, ~ COOCH, : 0,10.30% {CH,OH 1 +H,0 C,H,OH :0,05 |Hooc—CH, ~COOC,H, :0,05.20% M,,.,= 0,03.118 + 0,01.132 = 4,86 (gam) —> Dap an D. 3. Sai lam (i) Thue hién este héa 6 ca hai nhém chite cia axit thi m = 2,78 (gam): Chon C. 4.30 giay Cau 48: 1. Danh gia (i) Axit X co mach cacbon khong phan nhanh sé chita t6i da hai nhom chic (ii) Tim céng thitc phan tir Y rdi dwa vio s6 nguyén tir oxi dé suy luan s6 chitc este, 2. Loi gia + Tim cng thite phan tir cita Y & dang C.H,0:. 20 (mol); n, =n, = 0,14 (mol); n,= 2% Ty= 2M ,12 (mol). LE DANG KHUONG Trang 38 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 1: CAM KET + Kha nding 1 (¥ chéra mot chiic este): Y tac dung voi NaOH theo ti lé mol twong ng 1a 1: 2 nén ngoai chitc este thi Y con phai chira mt nhém cacboxyl ~COOH. Cng thite cau tao tia Y cé dang: HOOC-R-COO-CH2-CH(OH)-CH20H. Ti cOng thire phan ti cia Y suy ra R 1a ~CH = CH~ ‘Téng sé nguyén tir hidro cia X va Y bing 14 nén phat biéu A la sai + Kha nang 2 (Y chia hai chitc este} Y mach hé nén axit cacboxylic X don chitc, khi dé glixerol con mét nhém -OH chura bi este héa nén Y phai chia 5 nguyén tr oxi: Loai (Y tac dung véi NaOH theo ti 1é mol 1 : 2 nén khdng xét kha nang chita 3 chitc este). Dap an A 3. Sai fam (i) Thay rang Y chita 6 nguyén tit oxi thi gan cho Y [a este ba chite, tao béi glixerol va axit cachoxylic dam chive. Cau 49: 1. Banh gia Gn, = ve =1,100 (mol) > 0, ee = 4,025 (mol): 214 ancol no, hai chive. {ii) Z.cé cing s6 nguyen tir cacbon v6i X (1a mot axit khong no) nén Z chita 23 cacbon 2. Lai gidi Goi cOng thitc: X, ¥ = CoHon-1COOH (n > 2); Z=CHzn(OH)2 va T = (ColH29-1C00)2CnH2m. + So dé phan ting 1 (Dot chay E); (C,H, ,COOH x CO, : [(n+1)x + my + (2n+m+2)z] C,H,,,(OH), ty + 0, —> en 1CO0),C,,Hop, ? 2 H,0 : [nx + (m+A)y + (2n¢m—1)2 | Theo bait 1,100 1,025 = 0,075 (mol) > -x + y ~ 37 = 0,075 (mol). Bao toan nguyén t6 oxi: ng )+ 21, = 2g, + Myo LE DANG KHUONG Trang 39 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 1: CAM KET > 600 — 2x + 2y + 4z. = 0,600 (mol). No a= 21,025 + 1.1,100-2, + So dd phan img 2 (E téc dung v6i Brz): Chi X,Y va T phan eng C,H, ,COOH + Br, —> C,H, _,Br,COOH (C,H,, ,CO0),C,H,,, + 2Br, —> (C,H, ,Br,CO0),C,H,,, La ‘Theo bait ny, = = = 0,100 (mol) > x+ 2z=0,100 (mol). No, = (+ 1).0,05 + m.0,2 + (2n +m + 2).0,025 = 1,025 4n + 9m = 37. Do Z.cé chira s6 nguyén tir cacbon 23nénm>3. 4n+9m=37 [m=3 — {X:CH,=CH-COOH m>3 > > n>2 2: C,H,(OH), + So do phan img 3 dung voi NaOH) 14n + 66).(x+2z) = (14.2,5 + 66).0,1 = 10,1 (gam) Dap an D. 3, Sai lam (i)B6i r6i khi E chita nhiéu chat tig v6i cac loai hop chat khac nhau. (ii) Khong lap duoc cong thitc cau tao tng quat ctia mai chat. 4.30 giay C,H, ;COOH ix [Muo—Meo,= -X+¥-32= 0,075 [x= 0,050 C,H,,, (OH), LY. {Mga 2x+2y +42 =0,600 > 4y=0,200 (C,H,,.,C00),C,H,,, 2 [ny 100 z= 0,025 Cau 5t 1. anh gid (@) Amino axit no, phan tircé hai nhém chitc, tg véi cong thite chung CaHzas102N. (Gi) Céng thie ciia géc amino axit trong peptit = (C,H,,.,0,N)—(H,0) = C,H,, ,ON. LE DANG KHU‘ONG Trang 40 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 1: CAM KET 2. Loi giai + So dd phan ing 1 (Thy phan £): E + NaQH——> AminoaxitA + Amino axitB + H,0 Mol: 0,06 — 0,28e—-0,08 0,20 0,06 Trong phan tir peptit, chi cé amino axit du tién (cdn nhém -NH,) va amino axit cudi cing (con nhém -COOH) [a chua bién déi hoan toan thanh géc amino axit: Néu tach nguyén tir H ( nh6m -NH2) va nhém OH (trong nhém -COOH) sé gidi phong ra H20 (c6 s6 mol bang sé mol peptit), khi dé peptit chi chia cac g6c amino axit. + Sod} phan ting 2 (Bat chay B): ON : 0,28k (mol [CxHow 1 (mol) 9, : 0,495 (mol) ||H,0 :0,06k (mol) cH, on + 28-159", aco, + + | | Mot: 0,2k-——> *®—*5 28% | : 7 (ke=08 eres 0,28k + 18.0,06K=10.2 (3 gon 49,2k = {eros 7 > > 30=15 979K = 1554 - 9,495 04nk 042k =0.99” Jn= i 2 32 7 20 3. ws , oa n= 22 3» Moramino axi 8 alyxin (chia 2 nguyén tr cacbon) Bao toan khdi lwong: Téng khéi long mudi = 10,20.2 + 0,28.40 - 0,06.18 = 30,52. H,N—CH, ~ COONa : 0,08 _ 30,52 -0,08.97 «| 9 gn DRE ~ (16467) = 30,8: Loa. |H,N=R=COONa = 0,20 0,20 — Amino axit con Jai la valin: H,N~C,H, ~COOH + Lap cng thie chung ct cac peptit: {x = (Gly), (Val), : a (mol) a fn,=a+b=0,06 [y= (Gly), (Val), :b (mol) [n,.o,= 4+ 6b = 0,28 Theo bai: aston : 0,04 (mol) 7 (p+q)+(h+k)=8+2=10 _,iptan4 Y= (Gly),(Ala), :0,02 (mol) ” |(p + 4).0,04 + (h+b).0,02= 0,28” |h+k=6 — [a = 0,04 (mol); b = 0,02 (mol) LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 41 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 1: CAM KET. Mat khae: jee 0,04p + 0,02h = 0,20 a fe +h=10 | fr 3.q=1 >| (Gly),(Ala), ny, = 0,04q+0,02k=0,08 ” |2q+k=4 ” |h=4,k=2 Gly), (Ala), 3. Sai lam (i) Goi cong thite phan tir riéng cho timng peptit dé dét chay: nhiéu an s6, thigu dit kién. (ii) Gan cho Gly (do xuat hién truéc) 1a 0,08 mol: khéng tim dugc amino axit con lai. (iii) Tim duoc n = 20/7 thi suy ra ngay hai amino axit 1a Gly va Ala, 30 giay i e aN sON: x >f! =0,28 Eons Y:b- |H,0 rath latb=0,06 HO :0,06k + 0,: 0,495 LE DANG KHUONG Trang 42 NGUYEN VAN HAI1, Cam nh4n cua ban sau khi lam dé thi nay vé diém sé va mire d@ cdc cau hoi? 2. Ban chira ding 6 cau nao (If thuyét hay tinh todn) va ban sé khac phuc ra sao? 3. Ban hoc thém dugc kién thitc, KI nang nao méi va cé dn tong nhat? BANG THOI GIAN LAP CAC CAU TRONG DE NAY 1 ay 2 12 3 “18 4 14 5 15-| é : 7 8 9 16 17 18 19 10 20 Hay chia sé thanh tich cia ban vao nhém sdch B6 dé 9 diém dé truyén cém hikng cho cdc ban ciing nhw hoc héi cdc thanh vin khdc nhé! Hay LAP BI LAP LAI cho téi khi kién thir tré thanh mét phan trong con ngwéi ban. Ban sé cam nhan duoc kién thire nh mét mén an ngon va hay tdn hwéng n6! LE DANG KHUONG Trang 43 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC DE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Chinh phuc thir thach 1A co hdi gidp ta trwéng thanh LE DANG KHUONG Trang 44 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Dez KY THI TRUNG HQC PHO THONG QUOC GIA CHINH PHUC Mén thi: HOA HOC Ce Mire dd cin = Cau 1: S4t 1a kim loai phé bién thét hai (sau nhém) trén v6 Trai Dat do nguyén tir sat thude loai nguyén tir bén. $6 proton va sé notron trong nguyén tir “Fe lan lwot la A. 26 va 30. B. 26 va 56. C.30 va 56. D. 26 va 28. Cu 2: Phan ing nao sau day thudc loai phan tng hoa hop? A.Mg + Ckh——> MgCh. B.Mg + 2HC] ——> MgCl: + Ha. C.KOH + HCl —> KCI + H,0. D.2KCIO;—> 2KCl + 302. 3: Hién nay, trong cong nghiép san xuat axit sunfuric bang phuong phap tiép xtic, giai doan oxi héa SO, thanh SO; bang oxi kadng khi dugc tién hanh & khodng 450°C véi chat xtic tae La A.V20s. B.Ni CPt. D. Fe. Cau 4: Truéng hgp nao xay ra phan tmg oxi héa-khir khi cho cac chat va dung dich tuong tg du6i day tac dung véi nhau? ACO; va Ca(OH). B. NazSOs va H2SO« dc. C. SiO? va HF D. Si va NaOH loang. Cau 5: Hinh vé duéi day mé ta thi nghiém digu ché khi hidro halogenua: _- HpS0; dic Hai hidro halogenua (HX) cé thé diéu ché theo sod trén a A. HBr va HI. B. HCl va HBr. C.HF va HCl. D. HF va HI. Cau 6: Phuong phap chung dé diéu ché cdc kim loai kiém trong cng nghiép la B. dign phan néng chay. C. nhiét nhom. D. thy luyén. CAu 7: Khi dién phan dung dich CuSO, (véi dién ey tro) thi 6 anot xay ra qua trinh A. oxi hod H.0. B. khirion Cu2*. C.oxi hoa ion Cu’. —_D. kh H20. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 45 NGUYEN VAN HATDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC C4u 8: Kim loai R tac dung véi dung dich axit sunfuric (lodng, néng) khi khong c6 khong khi, tao thanh mudi R(I1). Hai kim loai déu théa man tinh chat trén la A. Alva Fe, B, Nava Mg. Fe va Cr. D.Zn va Cu. Cau 9: Khir hoan toan 7,2 gam mot oxit kim loai & nhiét 46 cao cn vira dui 3,024 lit khi CO (dktc). Cong thite ciia oxit kim loai la A.Fe0. B. Fe0s. .Cu0. D. Mgo. Cau 10: Hén hop X gm Al va Fe20s, trong dé Al chiém 36% khdi hrong. Nung néng 10 gam X (khOng c6 khong kh) t6i phan ng hoan toan thu duge chat rin Y. Phan tram khéi lugng céc kim loai trong Y 1a A.36,8%. B, 59,2%. C.44,8%. D, 66,4%. Cu 14: Hai kim loai cé cu hinh electron lép ngoai cing va tinh chat hoa hoc tuong wr nhau 1a. A.Na va kK. B.Na va Al. cK va Mg. D.Cava Al. Au 12: Nung néng hn hop nao sau day & nhiét 46 cao (khéng c6 khong khi) thi khong xy ra phan ting nhiét nhém? A. Alva Fe202. B. Alva Cr203. c.alvas. D. Alva Cu. Cau 13: Cho dung dich HCl vao dung dich Ca(HC0s): ta thay hién trong ‘A. tao thanh dung dich trong suét. B. c6 bot khi thodt ra. C. c6 két tia trang. D. v6 két Lita Uaing va bgt khi. CAu 14: Hop chat nao sau day c6 mau trang xanh, dé trong kh6ng khi thi chuyén dn sang mau nau d6? A. Fe(OH)2. B. Fe(OH)s. C. Fed. D. Fe20s. Cau 15: Phat bigu nao sau day 18 sai? A. Crom(IID) hidroxit c6 tinh chat lwong tinh. B, Crom(VI) oxit cé tinh oxi héa manh. C. Hop chat crom{III) khéng thé hién tinh khir. D. Crom khéng tac dung voi axit nitric dc, ngudi, Cu 16: Thi nghiém nao sau day kh6ng xay ra phan tg 6 diéu kién thudng? A. Cho dung dich HCI vao dung dich Fe(NOs)» B. Cho FeS vao dung dich HSO, lodng, dw. C. Cho dung dich AgNOsvaodung dich NaF. D. Cho Na vao dung dich K.SO, loang. Cau 17: Hign nay, lgng thuéc trir su, chdt kich thch sinh truéng tin dur trén cdc loai rau qua dang gay nhiéu anh huéng dén sire khée con ngudi. Sau khi phun thuéc trir sau, thudc kich thich sinh truéng cho rau qua, thdi han t6i thiéu thu hoach dé dim bao an toan thirdng 1A A. 2 gies B. 2 phit. ¢, 2 tuan. D. 2 ngay. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 46 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Au 18: Khi chiéu sng, 2-metylbutan téc dung v6i Cle (ti 16 mol 1 : 1) tao thanh sn phim chinh khi nguyén tir clo thé nguyén tir hidro 6 vi tr cacbon sé may trong mach chinh ciia ankan? ALA. B.1. c.3. D.2. Cau 19: Chat nao sau day khong tac dung véi bac nitrat trong dung dich amoniac? A. CH=CH. B. CH, ~C=CH. ©. CH, -C=C-CH,. D. CH, -CH, -C=CH. Cau 20: O trang thai long hop chat (chia vong benzen) nao duéi day khong cé kha nang tac dung v6i natri giai phong khi hidro? A.CHs-CeHs-OH. —_B. CsHs-COOH, C. CoHs-CH2-OH. D. CoHs-O-CHs. cau 21: @ digu kién thich hop, khi tham gia phan ig véi chat nao sau day thi xay ra phan (ng thé nhém -OHeiia phan tir axit axetic? A. NaOH. B.2n, ©. NaHCOs. D. CHsOH. Au 22: Chat nao sau day chi tac dung voi NaOH dur trong dung dich theo ti lé s6 mol 1 : 1? A.phenylaxetat, 8. triolein. C. tristearin, D. metyl acrylat. Cu 23: Thiy phan hon toan 0,1 mol este don chite X trong 135 mL dung dich NaOH 1M. Cé can dung dich sau phan img thu duge ancol etylic va 9,6 gam chat ran khan, Cong thire cfu tao ctia X1a A. CH3COOC2Hs. B. CzH3COOC2Hs. €. CHsCOOCHs. D. HCOOCHs. Cau 24: Thiy phan hoan toan m gam chat béo X bang dung dich KOH, thu dugc (m + 3,8) gam mudi va a gam glixerol. Gid tri cla ala A.9,2. B.2,3. C46. D.13,8. Cau 25: Trén thé giéi, mia 1a loai cay dug trong v6i dién tich rat lon. Mia chiém hon 80% nguyén ligu dau vao cho sn xuat dung (cdn lai tir cti cai dwng). Cacbohidrat trong duong mia cé tén goi la A. glucozo. 8. fructozo. ©. xenluluzo. D. saccarozo. Cau 26: Amino axit X no, mach hé, phan tir chi chiva mét nhém amino va mét nhém cacboxyl. Cong thitc phan tir cia X cé dang la A. CoHanesO2N. B. CoHaps02N. C. CaHans202N. D. CyHesO2N. Au 27: Cho ba dung dich: amoniac, anilin, etylamin (c6 cling ndng 46 0,1 mol/L) dugc ki higu ngdu nhién la X, Y, Z voi cdc gid tri pH do duoc nhu sau: Pease Y Zz L 88 11,1 11,9 Cac dung dich: amoniac, anilin, etylamin fan wot 1a A.Z,X,Y. BLY, X,Z. OXY, 2. D.X,Z,Y. LE BANG KHUONG Trang 47 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Au 28: Protein 1a co’ sé tao nén sur sOng vi hai thanh phan chinh cita té bao 1a nhan va nguyén sinh chat déu duoc hinh thanh ti protein, Protein cing la hgp phan chinh trong thite an cla con ngwoi. Trong phan tir protein, céc géc a-amino axit durgc gin véi nhau bing lién két A. glicozit. B. hidro. C.amit, D. peptit. Cau 29; Polime nao sau day Khong thudc loai chat déo? A. Poli(phenol-fomandehit). B, Poli(metyl metacrylat). C.Polietilen. D. Poli(butadien). CAu 30: Cho day cdc chat: benzen, axetilen, o-crezol, axit acrylic, anilin. $6 chat cé kha nding tic dung voi nuée brom digu kién thuong la A3. BA. cs. D.2 Merc d6 Van dung Cau 31: O digu kién thuong, tién hanh thi nghiém cho chat rn vao dung dich twong img sau day: (a) SivaoNaOH loang; — (b) Cuvao HNOs dic; _(c) FeS vao H2S0, loang; (d) CaCO; vao HCl loang; (e) KMn0, vao HCI dc; (g) NazSO3 vao H,S0, dic. S6 thi nghiém tao thanh chat khi la A.5. B. 4. c.3. D,6. Cau 32: O diéu kién thuong, cho cac chat sau tac dung voi dung dich tong tmg (khOng c6 kh6ng khi): (a) AlCl va NaOH (loang, du). (b) Fes0, va HC! loang (du). (©) Cu (dw) va FeCl. (d) Zn (du) va Cr.(S0,); (mdi trudng axit). (e) Fe va HNO; (long, du). (g) NaHCO; va Ca(OH); (dw), Sau phan ting, s6 thi nghiém tao ra hai mudi la AS. B.4. C6. D.3. CAu 33: Dét chay hoan toan hén hop gdm Al va Mg cin vira di 1,12 Ift khi 02 (dktc). BE hda tan hét san phdm thu duoc can ft nht m gam dung dich gdm HCI 7,3% va HoS0, 9,8%. Gid tri ma A.25. B.50. 095: D. 100. Cau 34: Hoa tan hoan toan 4,2 gam hén hgp gom Al va kim loai X bing dung dich HCI, thu durge 2,688 lit khi He (dktc). Dét chdy hoan toan 4,2 gam hdn hop trén trong khi Cl: du, thu dugc 14,85 gam mudi clorua. Kimloai X 1a A.Fe, B. Zn. ccr. D. Mg. Cau 35: Héa tan hoan toan 5 gam hén hop gdm CuO va Alz0s trong 75 gam dung dich H2S04 19,6% (diing du 25% so voi lweng cin phan tng), thu durge dung dich X. Cho dung dich Ba(OH), du vao X, tao thanh m gam két tia. Gia tri gin nhat véi m 1a A323. B. 39,5. €.369. D.42,1, LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 48 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 36: Hén hop X gm Na, Ba va Al. Cho 5 gam X vao nuéc du, thu dugc 2,688 lit khf He (dktc). Cho 5 gam X vao dung dich NaOH dur, thu durgc 2,912 lit khi H, (dtc) va dung dich Y. Suc khi CO2 dw vao Y, tao thanh m gam két tia. Gia tri ctia m 1a A.5,20, B.9,14 €.7,80. D.6,54, Cau 37: Hop chat hitu co X mach hé, c6 cing thite phan tir a CiHo02N. Cho X tée dung hoan toan véi dung dich NaOH thu dugc sin phim gom hai chat hitu co, trong dé c6 mudi ciia mot amino axit. S6 cng thtte cdu tao théa man cita X 1a AL B.3. C2. D4, Cau 38: Hén hop khi X (dktc) gdm mt anken va mét ankin (du mach hé). Bét chay hoan toan 2,24 lit X can vira di 12,8 gam 02, thu duc CO» va 4,5 gam H,0. Néu din 2,28 gam X vao dung dich brom (dw), khéi long brom ti da tham gia phan tng la A. 20 gam. B. 16 gam. C8 gam. D. 12 gam. Cau 39: Dun néng etanol véi axit sunfurie dc dé thu dwgc khi etilen (san phdm chinh) theo so dd hinh vé dui day. Etanol va axit sunfuric dc Etilen Phat biéu nao sau day 1a sai? A. Thi nghiém trén ching minh kha nang tach nuéc ndi phan tir cia etanol. B. Trong thi nghiém trén cé thé thay nwéc bing dung dich brom. C. Qua trinh diéu ché etilen nhw trén thudng sinh ra hong nhé diety! ete. D, Axit sunfuric dic d6ng vai tra la chat xtic tic va chat hit nude. cau 40: Cho X, Y, Z, Tl cdc chat khae nhaw trong s6 bon chat sau: CHeNHy (T), CoHOH (X), CHsCOOH (2), CHsCHO (¥) va cde tinh chat durgc ghi trong bang sau: [Chat am to T — Y | Nhigt 49 s0i,°C [2 pH (dung dich ndngd6 0,1 mol/L) | 7,0 7,0 11,9 Nhan xét nao sau day ding? ALYIaGHsNHz, —B. X18 CoHsOH. C.TIACH;COOH. —_—D.Z1a CHsCHO. Cau 44: Hn hop X gm hai ancol no (cé cing s6 nhém chic va hon kém nhau mét nguyén tit cacbon). Dét chay hoan toan m gam X, thu duoc 14,3 gam CO» va 8,1 gam H.0. Mat khac, dung dich chira m gam X hoa tan vira dit 2,45 gam Cu(OH)2. Hén hop X cé chtta ancol nao sau day? A. propan-1-ol. —_B. propan-1,3-diol. C. propan-1,2-diol. _D. glixerol. = DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 49 NGUYEN VAN HATDE S6 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 42: Hén hop X gom hai chat hiru cor ding phan. Cho 3,64 gam X tac dung vita dit véi dung dich NaOH (dun néng), thu durgc dung dich Y chtva m gam muéi va 1,66 gam hai chat hivu co cling bac (du Lim xanh giéy quy 4m). Dét chay hoan toan 3,64 gam X bing khi 02, thu duoc 2,688 lit kh CO2 (dktc); 3,24 gam H20 va 0,56 gam No. Biét cac chat trong X c6 cong thitc phan tir tring véi cong thie don gian nhat. Gid tri cia ma A, 3,00. B. 3,14 €.2,86. D. 2,93, a Cau 43: Cho m gam hén hop gém Al va Mg tac dung voi V lit dung dich gdm AgNO;0,1M va Cu(NO5);0,2M, thu duoc dung dich X va 11,2 gam chat rin Y. Cho Y tac dung véi dung dich HSO,dac, nong (du), thu duoc 1,792 lit khi SO, (6 dkte, 18 sin phdm khi duy nhat). Cho dung dich NaOH dw vao X thi cé 17,2 gam NaOH phan ting. Biét cdc phan eng xy ra hoan toan. Gid tri cla ma A174, B. 1,56. C165. D.1,47. Cau 44; Hoa tan hoan toan 5 gam hdn hgp X gdm Fe, FeO, FeO, va Fe20s trong 28 gam dung dich H2S0, 70% (dac, néng, du), thu duge V Iit khi SO; (san phdm khir duy nhdt, & dktc) va dung dich Y. Cho tir tir 100 mL dung dich NaOH 2M vao Y, thu duge 5,35 gam két tia. Gia tri cia VIA A.2,80. B.1,40 C112, D.2,24. Cau 45: 0 mét nha may san xudt nhém, ngudi ta tién hanh dién phan néng chay AlOsv6i anot than chi (gia thiét hiéu suat dign phan dat 100%). Cir trong 0,18 giay, 6 anot thodt ra 2,24 lit hén hop khi X (dktc) c6 ti khdi so voi Hz bang 16. Dan lwong khf nay vao nuéc voi trong (du), tao thanh 2 gam két tia, Khéi long Al ma nha may san xudt duge trong mot ngay (24 gid) 1a 11664 kg. B. 10368 kg, €.777,6 kg, D.1209,6 kg, Cau 46: Nung néng (Ikhéng cé khong khi) m gam hén hgp X gom Al, FeO va Fe20s, thu dure chat ran Y. Cho Y vao dung dich NaOH du, thu duoc a mol khi H2 va 0,5m gam chat ran. Néu cho Y vao dung dich HNO; (loang du), thay c6 0,425 mol HNOsda phan img, tao thanh 2a mol khi NO (san phdm khir duy nhat cita N+). Biét cdc phan ing déu xay ra hoan toan. Gia tri eita m 1a AA42. B84. C28. D.56. Cau 47: Hén hop X gom hai axit cacboxylic (du don chic, mach hé, phan tir mdi chat chira khéng qua 2 lién két pi va khéng c6 phan img trang bac). Trong hn hgp X, nguyén t6 oxi chiém 50% khéi long. Dét chay hoan toan m gam X bang khf O2, thu dure 3,92 lit khi CO; (dktc) va 2,7 gam H20. Phin tram khdi long cia axit (c6 phan tir kh6i nhé hon) trong X 1a A.62,5%. B.37,5%. €.75,0%. D.25,0%. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 50 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 48: Hén hop X gdm mt axit cacboxylic (no, don chttc) va mét ancol (don chitc, c6 kha nang téch nude tao thanh olefin). Dét chay hoan toan 3,00 gam X bang O2, thu duge 2,912 lit khi CO2(akte) va 2,88 gam H20. Dun néng m gam X (cé mat HaS0, dac), thu duwgc hn hop cdc chat hitu co’ Y gdm: axit, ancol dur va 0,02 mol este. Cho Y téc dung v6i Na (dw), thu duoc 952 mL khi Ho (dktc). Higu suat phan tg este héa bang A. 26,67%. B. 40,00%. ©. 60,00%. D. 66,67%. Cau 49: Hén hop X gdm hai hgp chat hitu co don chirc. Cho m gam X tac dung voi 100 gam dung dich NaOH 4,6% (ding dw mét luong bang 2 so v6i long can phan img) toi phan ting hoan toan. C6 can dung dich sau phan tng, thu duoc mét ancol ¥ va chat rén khan Z (c6 chita mudi cita mot axit hiu co). Cho Y vao binh dung Na (dur), tao thanh 448 mL khi He (dktc) va khdi long binh tang 1,24 gam, Nung néng Z v6i Cad (dur), thu duoc 1,20 gam mot chat khi. Gia tri cita m la A611, B.5,06. C716 D.9,56, ‘rong phan tir peptit X (mach hé) c6 ti 1é kKhdi long m,:m,= 4:3. Thiy phan hoan toan m gam X can vira di 200 gam dung dich gm NaOH 2% va KOH 1,4%, chi thu duoc dung dich chita 17,45 gam hin hop muéi ctia glyxin, alanin va valin. Dét chay hoan toan m gam X bang Oz, thu duoc Nz va a gam téng khéi long CO2 va H20. Gia trictia ala A.30,1. B. 27,0. 255. D.31,7. DANG KHU'ONG Trang 51 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC DANH GIA - LOT GIAI - SAI LAM - 30 GIAY cau eo a cau 2: Phan tmng héa hop la su’ két hop hai hay nhiéu chat thanh mot chat. > Dap ana. Cau 3: (280, + 0, & 2s0,) Dap nA. cau (Si + 2NaOH + H,0 —+ Na,SiO, + 2H, 7) Dap an D. cau Cac hidro halogenua (HF, HCl) kh6ng bj oxi héa béi axit sunfuric dic dugc diu ché theo phong phap nay. fe + H,SO,—*-> NaHS, + HFt ) (NaCl + H,S0,—"> NaHSO, + HCI | cau 6: Kim loai kiém cé tinh kh manh, thong duge diéu ché bang phyong phap dién phan n6ng chay mudi clorua tong tg. Dap An B. cau 7: Catot: Cu?" 1a chat oxi héa > bi kh. Anot: H.0 1a chat khir —> bi oxi héa. Dap an A. cau 8: (Fe + H,S0,—> Feso, + H, Cr + H,SO,—> crso, + H,) —>Dap dn C. caus: 3, M= 56 (Fe) > Dap an B. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 52 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 1 64 1); = = = 0,04 (mol); {imo}, = Fey = 2.04 (OD rAl du. 2Al + Fe “ Al \ (, Fe,0,—"> Al,O, + ni iny=m,= 10 (gam) ,08< —0,04-____40,08 n= AE si OE AORET ONES soe nas Tt Cau 11: Cac kim loai thuéc cing mét nhém cé c4u hinh electron lép ngoai cling va tinh chat ha hoc tong ty nhau —> Dap dn A. cau 12: Phan tng nhiét nhém = Phan tng ding nhOm khit oxit kim loai thanh kim loai Phan ttng giita Al va S khOng thudc loai phan ting trén > Dap an C. u 13: (ca(lico,), + 2HCl —> CaCl, + 2¢0,T + 2H,0) > Bap an B. Cau 14: (4Fe(OH), + 0, + 2H,0 —> 4Fe(OH),) > Dap an A cau 15: Hop chat crom(II1) c6 kha nang thé hién tinh khit tao thanh hop chat crom(V1): > Dap nC. Ccaul6: (a 3Fe* + NO, + 4H'——> 3Fe" + NOT + 2H, |B: Fes + H,SO, ——> FeSO, + HST ic AgNO, + NaF —> (AgF tan) | > Pap anc |D: Na + H,O ——» NaOH + sit | Cau 17: it nhat sau 2 tuan ké tir khi phun thudc trir s4u, thudc kich thich tang truéng thi ngudi trong trot méi nén thu hoach rau qua dé ban cho ngudi tiéu ding. > Dap an C. cau 18: Sn pham chinh wu tién theo huréng thé nguyén tr hidro gan vao cacbon sé 2 (c6 bac cacbon bing ba, cao nhat) > Dap an D. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 53 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 19: Chi nguyén tir hidro dinh vao cacbon mang néi ba méi c6 phan img thé béi ion bac. But-2-in (CH, ~ CH,) khéng cé nguyén tir hidro nao nhw vay > Dap an C. Cau 20: Cac chat tac dung véi Na giai phong H, khi chtta nhom chire -OH hoc -COOH. — Dap An D. Cau 21: Khi tham gia phan ting este héa, nhém -OH (trong chit axit) tach ra cing voi nguyén tir-H (trong chtéc ancol) tao thanh Ha —>Dap dn D. cau 22: A: CH,COO-C,H, + 2NaOH —> CH,COONa + C,H.ONa + H,0 B,C: (RCOO),C,H, + 3NAOH ——> 3RCOONa + C,H,(OH), D : CH,=CH-COO-CH, + NaOH —+ CH,=CH~COONa + CH,OH } > Dap an D. cau 23: { RCOO-C,H, + NaOH —> RCOONa + “) fre (Mol: 0,1 \ 1 (mol) NaOH — : 0,035 (mol) 0,101 Cau 24: | ( (RCOO),C,H, + 3KOH ——> 3RCOOK + C.H,(OH), (Mol: 3x——-___—>x Bao toan khdi luon; Dap anc. Cau 25: Duong mia la durdng saccarozo > Dap an D. Cau 26: (er H,N—CH, ~COOH C,H,0,N | Ala: H,N—CH(CH,)~COOH : C,H,0,N Cau 27: Gia tr] pH tng dan theo lye bazo: anilin (8,8) < amoniac (11,1) < etylamin (11,9). X= anilin, Y = amoniac, Z = etylamin, Dap an B. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 54 NGUYEN VAN HAI | > X: C,H,,,,0,N > Dap an A.DE $6 2: CHINH PHUC cau 28: Trong phan tir protein, cdc géc «—amino axit gan vGi nhau qua nhém nguyén tir cau néi-NH~CO-, goi la lién két peptit > Dap an D. Cau 29: Poli(butadien) la polime diing dé ché tao cao su téng hyp > Bap an D. Cau 30: Cac chét tac dung véi nuéc brom: axetilen, ocr’ rol, axit acrylic, anilin > Dap An B. Cau 31: {a)Si_ + 2NaQH + H,0——» NapSiOs + 2Hot oO (b) Cu. + 4HNOs (dic) Cu(NOs)2 + 2NO2? +2H20 fa) (c) FeS + H2SO; (lozing) ——> FeSO, + H2S* (a) (d)CaCOs + 2HCl —> CaCh + CO2t + H20 “ (e) 2KMn0, + 16HCl —> 2KCl + 2MnCh + 5SCht + 810 © (g) NaoSO; (ran) + H2S05 (dic) "> NavSO, + S02 + H20 o ~ bap An D. cau (a) AIC, + 4NaOH ——> NaAlO,+ 3NaCl + 2H20 0“ (b) FesO, + 8HC] ——> 2FeCl; + FeCl, + 4420 © (c)Cu + 2FeCl;—> CuCh + 2FeCh 0 (d) Zn + Cro(SO,)s—> ZnSOx + 2CrSOs oO {e) Fe + 4HNO; ——» Fe(NOs)s +NO7+ 2H20 (g) NaHCO; + Ca(OH), CaCO: + NaOH + H20 > Dap an B. Cau 33: 1. Danh gid . bla Et 1,12 ($6 mol nguyén t6 oxi trong cAc oxit=2n,,= = = 0.10 (mol). (ii) Nguyén t6 oxi (trong oxit) két hop véi nguyén t6 hidro (trong axit) tao thanh nuéc. 2. Loi gia + So d3 phan tng 1 (Kim loai tac dung voi oxi) Al (4al + 30, —> 2A, | iA so, | : 8 | oa et? = 0,10 (mo). \Mg > lomg + 0, —> 2Mg0 22,4 + So dé phan img 2 (Oxit tac dung voi axit) LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 55 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC m.7,3% m.9,8% +2) 28% 36,5 98 ,004m = 0,2 > m = 50 (gam) > Dap an B. +2n, 80, n (0 Viét day dii cae phuong trinh héa hoc va dat s6 mol dé giai. 4, 30 giay 002m + 0,002m = 0,004m (mol). Cau 34: 1. Banh gia (i) Kim loai X c6 héa tri n duy nhat (Zn, Mg) hoc cé hai hoa tri (Fe, Cr). (ii) C6 thé giai theo phwong trinh héa hgc hoc bao toan electron. 2. Lei gidi + Xc6 m6t hoa tri (n, khOng d6i): 3 Al + 3HC1—> Alcl, + 3H, Al: n+ 5H fk & ~ + HCl 2 mol) X + nHcl—> xcl, +h BOBS 9 12 (nl) 4 Rea HHH O24 Gl. 2,4 a 2Al + 3Cl, —> 2AlCl, ” 2X + nC, ——> 2Xxcl, Fy OS (mel) > 3x + ny = 0,30 (mol). Tir (1) va (2) > V6 nghiém. +X 06 hai hod tri (Il va IID): 4,2-0,04.27 O06 752 (61) > Dap anc. 3. Sai lam (0 Chi xét Icha nang kim loai X cé héa tri n khong d6i. 4.30 giay @) (2) LE BANG KHUONG Trang 56 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Cau 35: 1. Danh gid (i) Két tia gom Cu(OH), va BaSO«; AI(OH)s lwéng tinh, tan trong kiém du. 2. Loi giai $6 mol axit ban dus. = 22125% =0,15 (mol). 98 + H6n hop ban dau tac dung voi H2S0,4 du: ( CuO + H,S0,——> Cuso, + Ho i Mol: x——>x x ALO, + 3H,S0,—> Al,(SO,), + 3H,0 7 Mol: y——»3y ———>y +Y tac dung v6i Ba(OH)2 due ( Cuso, + Ba(OH),—> Cu(OH), + + tat 002002 AL,{SO,), + 4Ba(OH), —> BafAlO,), + 3BaSO, ‘ | Mot O_o H,SO, + Ba(OH),——» BaSO, 4 + 2H,0 \ Mol: 0,03 0,03 > M= Maou, Maso, = 0.02.98 + 0,15.233 3. Sai (i) Tinh cd AI(OH); trong thanh phan két ta; m = 42,14 (gam) va chon D. 6,91 (gam) > Dap an C. 1. Banh gid (i) X + H0 (dur): Na, Ba tan hét sinh ra kiém, Al tan mot phn béi long kiém tao ra. (ii) X + NaOH (du): Na, Ba tan hét trong née, Al tan hét trong kim, (iii) Suc CO» dur vao Y chi thu durgc két tia 18 Al(OH); (BaCOs tan trong CO2 du). 2. Loi gidi So’ dé phan tng 1 LE BANG KHU'ONG Trang 57 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Na + H,O—+> NaOH + ; . 7 a) Mol: x +x 95 {Ba + 2H,0 —~> Ba(oH), + H,T @ (moky Sie: age gy (3) ny, = pxtys Soe 2y)=2x+4y=022 So dé phan tmg 2: Giéng sod 1, chi khac vé 6 mol phan tng 6 (3): ug Al + OH + HO —> alo; + 3H, s ‘a =Xey+ 20,13, 32 2 2 Mol: 2% : 23x + 137y + 272=5-—> x= y= 0,02 (mol); z= (mol). So dd phan img (3): oH 02 Na‘, Ba”, HCO; Yj Al0;: > (mol) + CO,—> Na‘, Ba” > m="5-.78 = 5,2 (gam) > Dap an A, 3. Sai am (i) Khi cho X + H20 (du) thi nghi ring chi cé Na va Ba tac dung; con Kkhi cho X + NaOH (du) lai chi viét phan img hoa tan Al. (i) Tinh m= Mooi, + Mayo, = 78 +0,02.197 = 9,14 (gam): Chon B. 4.30 gidy LE DANG KHUONG Trang 58 NGUYEN VAN HAL‘DE SO 2: CHINH PHUC cau 37: 1. Danh gid (i) X chi chira mét nguyén ti nito, thay phan X thu dwg mudi cia mét amino axit va mét hgp chat hiru ci este ciia amino axit. 2. Livi giai (1) H,N-CH, ~COOC,H, + NaQH-—+H,N—CH, ~COONa + C,H,OH (3) H,N-CH, —CH, ~COOCH, + NaQH——>H,N~CH, ~CH, ~COONa + CH,OH ~ pap an B. 3. Sai fam (i) Chi quan tam dén Gly va Ala, quén dng phan (3) 1a mét B—amino axit: Chon C. Cau 38: 1. Danh gid (i) Anken va ankin déu 6 trang thai khi nén cé s6 nguyén tir cacbon €[2; 4]. 2. Loi giai Bao toan nguyén t6 oxi: 2No, —Nyo _ 2.0,4-0,25 2 2 Khi d6t chay anken thi sé mol COz bang s6 mol H20, con véi ankin thi s6 mol CO2 nhidu ,275 ~ 0,250 = 0,025 (mol). = 0,275 (mol). 2g, = 20, * Myo > Meo hom s6 mol H2O mot don vi nén: ny,.,= Nyy, TAO: Magen = My ~Myyuy = 0,100 —0,025 = 0,075 (mol). kin CH, + 20, —> no, + nH,0 Mol: 0,075: > 0,075n CH, , + @=bo, 4 meo, + (m-1)H,0 | | [aor: 0,025 > 0,025m Bao toan khdi long: m, = m,., + m,,. —M,, = 0,275.44 + 4,5 ~12,8 = 3,8 (gam). = 20 gam, Chon A. (i) Lay ludn s6 mol cdc chat tir phan tg chy dé tinh lwong Bro: LE BANG KHUONG ‘Trang 59 NGUYEN VAN HATDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC 4.30 giay Cau 39: 1. Banh gia (i) Khietilen duge diéu ché va dugc thu theo phuong phap dii nuéc nham haa tan cdc khi tao chat (Ikhi sunfuro, dietyl ete). 2. Loi giai C,H,OH —29_5 CH,=CH, + H,0: Phan tng tach nuéc tir etanol: A ding, B sai: Dung dich nréc brom sé gift lai khf etilen, khong thu duoc khi nay: CH,=CH, + Br, —» CH,Br—CH,Br C ding: Nhiét do dn cn thuéng kh6ng thé 6n dinh, thong sinh ra dietyl ete: > Dip dn B. cau 40; 1. Danh gid (i) Phan loai cac hop chat xudt hién trong cau héi: [ Andehit _ | Axit cacboxylic VAndehit axetic Axit axetic Axit axetic c6 méi trurong axit, pH thap nhat: Z la CHsCOOH. Etylamin c6 méi trwng bazo, pH cao nhat: T 1a CzHsNH2. Btanol cé lién két hidro nén s6i 6 nhiét d6 cao hon andehit axetic: X 1a C:Hs0H. > Dap an B. iu 41: 1. Danh gid (i) Dung dich X cé kha nang héa tan Cu(OH)2: X chtta hai ancol no, da chite. (ii) Téng s6 mol hai ancol = n, = 0,450—0,325 = 0,125 (mol). 2. Loi giai Phan tng dét chay X: Goi cong thie chung tia X 1a C,H, 1,0 ~ co, (OH), : a (mol) aaa C\Hy2.(0H), + 24=™o, + nco, + (o+1)H,0) (Mol: a————________——>na—>(n+1)a j LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 60 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC Mot ancol la C2H.(OH). chita 3 nguyén tir cacbon va cing cé hai nhém chite: C:| JC,H, (OH), : x (mol) fxey= 0,125 {x= 0,050 (mol) |C,H,(OH), :y (mol) |2x+ 3y ly = 0,075 (mol) u(OH). o(OH)2 tng hoa t 2,45 'cufOHt), 8 {C,H,(OHD, :0,050 (2C,H,(OH), + Cu(OH), —> [C,H,(OH)O],cu + H,0 C,H,(OH), : 0,075 | 7 n,= 0,125 (mol) > 2n 05 (mol) : Chi mét ancol trong X phan tng 5 6 J Ancol con lai cé hai nhém -OH xa nhau; HO-CH, ~CH, ~CH, - OH:propan-1,3-diol Dap an B. 3. Sai am (i) Cho rng ca hai ancol da chitc déu tac dung voi ddng(I1) hidroxit. 4.30 giay 0,125 2M, coy, = 0,05: CHo(OH): khong tac dung véi Cu(OH},(propan- 1,3-diol) Cau 42 1. Banh gid (i) X + NaOH tao thanh hai khf 1am xanh qui 4m (hai amin): X chtra mudi ankylamoni. 2. Loi giai + Tim cong thie phan tir dang C.H,O.N Poo.= Gog 7 Ot? (modi Myo= 0,18 (mol); n, 2,688 3,24 0,56 2i = 0,02 (mol). 4 (mol). 3,64—m, —m, = 0,08 (mol) X gdm hai hop chat dng phan la CH,COONH,CH, va HCOO-NHG:H X véi dung dich NaOH + Cae p | CH,COO-NH,CH, + NaOH —> CH,COONa + CH,NH, 7 + H,0) | ng c Mol: x, HCOO-NH,C,H, +NaOH——> HCOONa + C,H.NH, * + H,0 (a | | \ Mol: y— sy oy } LE DANG KHUONG Trang 61 NGUYEN VAN HATDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC m = 82x + 68y = 82.0,01 + 68.0,03 = 2,85 (gam) —> Dap an C. 3.Sai am (i) Nham mot chat kl 4. 30 giay ESAEOUNOS SO UATO RACER) Cau 43: 1, Danh gia (i) ¥ chac chan chtra Ag, tiép dén 1a cac kha ndng chita them kim loai Cu, Al va Mg. (ii) S6 mol electron ma ¥ nhuiyng dugexac dinh tty sé mol $02 theo cong thitc: 1,792 a= 25g = O16 (mod) moniac, xay dung khong ding cong thitc 2.Loi + Truong hop 1: X chi chtra Ag: x (mol), (Khi 46 AgNOs chi phan tng mét phan, Cu(NOs)2 chwa tham gia phan tg). {., {Ma(NO,),, AI(NO,), AgNO,, Cu(NO,), Y {Agi x 10-184 gam) n= 12 a) oon FE NaAlO, + 3NaNO,+ 2H,0 d- +NaOH | Mg(NO,),+ 2Na0H > Mg(OH), 4 + 2NaNO, 0,12 | Cu(NO,), + 2NaQH—> Cu(OH), 4 + 2NaNO, LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 62 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE S6 2: CHINH PHUC 17.2 _ ‘Theo baiz|Puon® 46+ 2d + 2.0,12 = of n, =3c+ 2d=0,16 ¢ = 0,030 (mol) d= 0,035 (mol) om ,03.27 + 0,035.24 = 1,65 (gam) Dap dn C. 3. Sai fam (i) ¥ chdc chan chita Ag, tiép dén Ia cdc kha nang chita thém kim loai Cu, Al va Mg. 4.30 gidy Cau 44: 1, Banh gia (i) Gidi bai toan sat va hdn hop oxit theo so dB hoac bang qui déi. )) Khi cho NaOH vao Y: axit (dtr) phan tng truéc, muéi sit phan ting sau. 2. Li giai Ny.so,= (28.70%) : 98 = 0,2 (mol). So dd phan tng 1: Bao toan nguyén td luru huynh: ny, = 0.2~3N. 0, ~ Myso,oy = 9.2 —3a~b (mol). Bao toan nguyén t6 hidro: My, = 0,2~My yo,q = 0,2—b (mol). Bio toan khéi luong: 5,0 + 0,2.98=400a + 98b + 64{0,2-3a-b) +18(0,2-b) + 208a + 16b = 8.2. Cac phan trg Khi cho NaOH vio Y: H,S0, + 2NaOH —> Na,SO, + 2H,0 Mol: bh-———>2b ( Fe,(SO,), + 6NaOH ——> 2Fe(OH), 4 + 3Na,SO, ) @) \ Mok: 0,15« —0,05 Theo bai: yey = 2b + 0,15 = 0,20 (mol) +b = 0,025 (mol). 0375 (mol) V = (0,2~3.0,0375 -0,025).22,4 = 1,40 (L) > Dap an B. 3. Sai am (i) Quén xét phan tng (1) khi cho NaOH vao Y. (ii) Cho rang lwong sat trong két tia cing chinh bang lwong st ban dau, LE DANG KHU'ONG ‘Trang 63 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC 4.30 giay 1. Damh gia (i) Hén hop khé thoat ra 6 anot c6 thé gom ba khi: 02, CO va CO2. (ii) Can tinh téng s6 mol nguyén td 0 trong hén hep khi, tir d6 tinh duoc Al. 2. Loi giai Phan tng din phan: 2Al0;—2> 4Al (ey + 302 ono Cae phan tng chay dign ce anot than chi (2c + 0,—"+ 2co c + 0,—"+¢0,) 0, :x (mol) xét 2,241 XHCO 2y(moy 12 2 Ot teen 2 32x + 28y + 442 = 16.2. CO, :z (mol) Khi cho X vao nu6c voi trong dur, chi cé CO. bi hap thu: CO, + Ca(OH), —> Caco, + H,0 (stot 0,02—________0,02 z= 0,02 (mol). Tir dé tinh dure x = 0,02 (mol) va y = 0,06 (mol). Trong 2,2 lit Xen, = 2n,, + 2M, + Mgp = O14 (mol) > n4, = a, = 0,07 (mol) 3. Sai lam (i) Xét thiéu thanh phan trong hén hgp khé thoat ra 6 anot. (Ji) Khong qui déi wong nguyén t6 oxi wrong X vé lugng Kkhi 02 tao thanh ban dau, 4.30 giay LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 64 NGUYEN VAN HAICau 46: 1. Danh gia (OY + NaOH sinh ra kh He nén Y chita Al dur (FeO va Fe20s da bi khit hét thanh Fe). (ii) Hén hep Y gom Al dur, Al.Os va Fe. 2. Loi giai So dé phan tng 1 {al ° ce) {Al | 2Al + Fe,0, “> Al,0, + 2Fe X J FeO | > Y (Fe |re0, L2Al + 3Fe0 "> Al,0, + 3Fe Alo, So dé phan tng 2: Le Naalo, {Al +NaOH +H,0 —> NaAlo, + 3H + a = Y |Fe sy enon — > [™ 2 “ 2 alo, + oh AlO,:2 ia ALO, + 2NaOH —> 2Nadl0, + H,0 So dé phan Gnj ( AL cx AMINO, ), : 0+ 22 | ¥fFe ay + HNO, — (ne 1072 ng + H0 | ALO: eNO.) ¥ (Mol: 0,425 (x+y) =xty I. Theo bai: 7 > xty=3x > y= 2x. In = 2as 22 3x 2 Bao toan nguyén t6 nito: Myo, = 3M.yjso,, + 3Mequo,, * Pro > 3x42) + 3y +x+y = 0,425 > 4x + 4y + 6x = 0,425. 27x-Sby + 1022=0 [x y=2x ->/y=0,05 +m = 0,025.27+0,05.56 + 102, 4x + dy + 62= 0,425 = 5,6 (gam) 48 Dap an D. 3. Sai am (Goi sé mol cho céc chat tir hin hgp ban du sé gay phitc tap khi tinh toan. (ii) Ap dung céng théte Mayo, = 4M (ding cho hdn hap chi chita kim loa). LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 65 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 2: CHINH PHUC 4.30 gidy Cau 47: 1. Danh gia (m= 2. 0,15 (mol) m = 2(m,+ m,)= 4,8 (gam). (Oxi chiém 50% khdi long nén t6ng cacbon va hidro ciing chiém 50% khdi lwgng) 9 = Fg 7015 (mol) >n,= “3 ,075 (mol). 11+2,7-48 Bao toan khdi lwong: my = mo, + My, ~My > N, 0,175 (mol). = Me, F My “My Py, = (mob. + Truong hop 1 (X gdm hat axit khong no) 8. CH,,,0, + 32 X{C,H,, 0,1 0,075 (mol) 0. neO, cone Mol: 0,075 0,175 015 Loai vi theo phuong trinh: n,, = $0 = Sos = 0,225 (mol) # 0,175 (mol). + Truong hyp 2 (X gdm mét axit no va mot axit khong no) C,H,,0, aS 25, 5 nco, + nH,0 | xf :a(mol) | Mol:a CaHan-202' b (mol) Cy Hoy 20, + smaBo, mCO, +(m~1)H,0 | (Mok: b | {a+b=0075 a=0,050 Theo bai: {na+mb=0,175 >{b=0,025 = >2n+m=7 na+(m-1)b=0,15 [nat mb=0,175 LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 66 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC 0,05.60 hei 48 100% = 62,5% — Bap an D. 00 3. Sai am (i) Lap phuong trinh dai sé vé phn trim khéi hrong nguyén t6 oxi gay ra sw phite tap khi tinh todn, 4.30 giay u 48: 1. Banh gid (@n, or Be 0,16 (mol) > n,,, = 2242 0,13 (mol): Ancol thuge day no, don chitc. 18 22,4 GH) Boo = 0,16 -0,13 = 0,03 (mol). 2. Loi giai + Phan ting dot chay X C,H,,0, —"5nco, + nH,0 an {itee. a(mol) | Mol: a———————____> na ——>na C,H,,,.,0:b (mol) ae Mo, —" 4 mco, + (m+1)H,0 | Mot: b> mb (m+) na + mb = 0,13 a= 0,02 oy 7 +3m= = na + (m+1)b = 0,16 b= 0,03 af Sh {ne |(14n+32)a+(44me18)b=3 [nasmb=013 ia {cH,cooH : 0,02 (mol) ox |C,H,OH : 0,03 (mol) + Phan tng este hoa + Y tac dung voi Na CH,COOH + Na ——>CH,COONa + oh 2x -0,02 ee ee 2 Mol: (2x —0,02) LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 67 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC CHO + Na —> CH,ONa + hu, Mol: (3x—0,02) 3x=0,02 0,02 0,02 100% = ———.100% = 40% — Dap An B. o.07g 100% = 40% — Dap Pan 3. Sai am (i) 0 phan teng este héa: str dung luén s6 mol & phan ing chay hodc kh6ng ding hé s6 1116 ma goi hai sé mol méi. (li) Tinh higu suat theo ancot: H = 292. 190% = 2°. 190% = 26,67%:Chon A. 3x 0,075 4.30 gidy na+mb=0,13 a= 0,02 C,H,,0, + 3 {es ie na +(m+1)b = 0,16 {b = 0,03 oa o eae n,=2a+b=0,07 |na+mb=0,13 = 2x4 3x=2n,, + 2n,,,= 0,125 (mol) > x= 0,025 (mol) > H = cau 49: 1. Danh gia (i) X tac dung v6i NaOH sinh ra ancol nén X cé chira mot este, hop chat con lai c6 thé la: este, axit hoc ancol. 2.Loi +Y tac dung voi Na: M,,.)= 1,24 + 0,02.2 = 1,28 (gam). 1,28 = “= 32> Y=CH,OH. no O04 | +X tic dung voi NaOH: $6 mol NaOH ban da (100-88) :40= 0,115 (mol). 100 } 86 mol NaOH phan tg = 0,115: (3) = 0,075 (mol) > n,,..,= 0,04 (mol). Vay X c6 chita mot este va mét axit cacboxylic. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 68 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC { RICOOCH, + NaOH ——> R'COONa + CH,OH {RcoocH, | Mol: 0,04<—0,04« ———0,04c ——0,04 x + NaOH (OOH R'COOH = + NaOH —>+ R'COONa + H,0 Mol: 0,035<——-0,035 0,035. ) + Nui JR'COONa 0,075 (mol) ( R'COONa + NaOH —“S> R'H + Na,CO, | [NaOH — :0,040(mol) | Mol: 0,04« 0,04 0,04 ) 88.0,04 + 74.0,035 = 6,11 (gam) > Dap an A. véi CaO (phan ting voi t6i xit): 3. m (i) Dat s6 mol trong phan éeng voi t6i xitt theo s6 mol mudi: CH,COOCH, : 0,040 y= ee = 16-9 RH = CH, 9X” : —>m = 5,06: Chon B. 0,075 CH,COOH : 0,035 4.30 giay Cau 50: 1. Danh gid (i) Trong phan tir peptit duoc tao thank tir céc amino axit chi chia hai nh6m chite thi s6 nguyén tir oxi nhiéu hon sé nguyén ti: nito mét don vi. 2. Loi gidi Goi céng thie peptit X la CcHyOyeNz 226 >X la hexapeptit. + Phan tng thily phan X Y Y Theo bai: Moy t Myon = oom + aoe = 0,10 + 0,05 = 0,15 (mol), sont Peon ay Bao toan khéi long: m + My,o,+ M,o,= 1745 +m, >m +4 + 2,8= 17,45 + 0,025.18 7 0,025 dang: (Gly)(Ala),(Val), > m= 11,1 (gam) > My LE DANG KHUO'NG ‘Trang 69 NGUYEN VAN HALDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC 75m +89n+117p-18.5=444 — (75(m+n +p) + 14(n+3p) = 534 (eens > > mtn+p=6 |m+n+p=6 m+n+p=6 >{p=1; pm=2 Cong thie phan tir ciiaX: (C:Hs0,N)o( + Phan itng dét chay X: 12N)s(CsH1102N)- 5(H20) = Crelsx07Ne, a= 0,45.44 + 0,4.18 = 27,0 (gam) > Dap an B. 3. Sai im (i) Khong sir dung dit kign ve ti 1¢ khdi long oxi va niro dé xac dinh sé mat xich. 4.30 gidy LE DANG KHUONG Trang 70 NGUYEN VAN HAIDE SO 2: CHINH PHUC 1, Cam nhan cda ban sau khi lam dé thi nay vé diém sé va mite d@ cdc cau hoi? 2. Ban chwa diing & cau nao (Ii thuyét hay tinh todn) va ban sé khc phuc ra sao? 3. Ban hoc thém durgc kién thirc, ki nang nao méi va cé an twong nhat? BANG THOT GIAN LAP CAC CAU TRONG DE NAY _Thoi gian (phit) 11 12 13 14 7 15 7 a: 17 18 19 20 Hay chia sé thanh tich ctia ban vao nhém séch BG dé 9 diém dé truyén cam hing cho cdc ban cing nhw hoc héi cdc thanh vién khdéc nhé! Hay LAP BI LAP LAI cho t6i khi kién thitc tro: thanh mét phiin trong con ngwoi ban. Ban sé cém nhén duoc kién thirc nhw m6t mén dn ngon va hay tén huéng nd! LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 71 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 3: UOC MO DE SO 3: VOC MO’ Thanh céng chi giéi han béi tam voc cita woe mo LE DANG KHU'ONG ‘Trang 72 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 3: UOC MO" pes KY THI TRUNG HOC PHO THONG QUOC GIA udécMo Mén thi: HOA HOC Cau 4: Cu hinh electron cia nguyén tir X va Y (6 trang thai co ban) fan lwot la [Ne]3s*3p* va [Ar]4s!. Nguyén t6 X va Y tuong tng la A. khf hiém va kim loai B. phi kim va phi kim. C. phi kim va kim loai D. kim loai va kim loai. (Cau 2: Axit clohidric thé hién tinh khit trong phan tmg héa hoc nao sau day? A.Mn0z + 4HCl—> MnCl, + Cl: + 2H20. B.CaCOs + 2HCl —+ CaCl + CO2 + 120. C.2Al + GHC] —> 2AICl + 3H2. D. Fe(OH); + 3HCl —> FeCl; + 3H20. (Cau 3: Hai chat nao sau day du bi oxi héa khi tac dung voi dung dich H2SOs (dc, néng)? A.S va Na2SOs. B.Al va AlO3. C. Fe va FeSO.. D. NaCl va Cal Cau 4: Cho hinh vé mé ta thi nghiém di8u ché va thu khi X (theo diing nguyén tac) khi cho dung dich axit tac dung vi hoa chat ran (kim loai hoac musi) axit {J UKhiX Chat rn | Hinh vé trén ding voi khi X tao thanh tir phan tng nao sau day? A.Zn + HSO;-—> ZnSO, + He. B.CaCO; + 2HCl —> CaCl, + CO: + H20. €.2KMnO, + 16HCL —> 2KCl + 2MnCh +5Ch + 8H20, D.Cu + 4HNOs——» Cu(NOs)2 + 2NOz+ 2H: Cau hinh electron 16p ngoai cling ctia nguyén tir X va Y (6 trang thai co ban) lan lot 1a 2s?2p? va 3823p". Phat biéu nao sau day 1a sai? A.XHs va HY déu tan tét trong née. B. HXO; va HY, déu [a axit manh trong nwéc. C.X2 va Ye du la chat oxi hod manh 6 diéu kién thuong, D. KXOs va KYOs du bi phan hiy béi niet LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 73 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 3: UOC MO. Cau 6; Canxi 1a duéng chat rat cin thiét déi voi sive khoe con nguéi, 1a thanh phan co ban trong cu tao cia xtrong, ring. Trong bang tun hoan cac nguyén td héa hoc, nguyén t6 canxi thudc nhom ALTA. B.IA. CUB. D. IMA. Cau 7; Héa tan hoan toan 3 gam hén hop X gdm Al va Fe vao dung dich HS0, (loang), thu duge 1,96 lit khi Hz (dktc). Phan tram kh6i long ciia Al trong X 1a A, 90%. B. 30%. €. 45%, D. 60%. Cau 8: Tién hanh cc thi nghiém sau ¢ digu kién thudng (a) Cho canxi tac dung vai nuéc; (b) Nhiing Ié kém vao dung dich bac nitrat; (©) Cho ld dng vao dung dich s4t(1I1) sanfat; (d) Rac bot lu huynh lén thiy ngan. $6 thi nghiém cé tao thanh don chat la AA, B.3. C2 D4, Cau 9: Cho phan tng trong méi trudng axit: Zn + 2Cr* —> Zne + 2Cr%, Phat biéu nao sau day vé phan tng trén 1a sai? A. Zn bi Cr oxi hoa thanh Zn?*. B, Zn? c6 tinh oxi hoa manh hon Cr+. C. Cr bj Zn khir thanh Cr+, D. Zn la chat khir, Cr* 1A chit oxi hoa. CAu 10; Dét chay hoan toan m gam kim loai R (héa tri n) trong kh O> du. thu duoc = gam oxit. Kim loai R12 AMg. B.Cu. CAL D.Ca. C4u 11: Khi phan tich thanh phn mt miu nue tw nhién chi thay chita cdc ion: K+, Na’, HCO;, Cl va SO}. Mau nude & trén thudc loai A. nude cing tam thoi. B, nuéc cing todn phan. ¢.nuéc mém. D. nuée cing vinh cou. Cau 12; Hai kim loai déu tac dung manh liét voi nuéc & diéu kién thuong 1a A.Liva Mg. B. Kva Ca. C.Na va Al. 'D. Mg va Na. Cau 13; Nu6c ta cé ngudn quang boxit trir hrong lon & Tay Nguyén dang dugc tién hanh hai thc, hita hen dem lai hiéu qua kinh té cao, Ngudn quang trén 1 nguyén ligu ding san xudt kim loai nao? A. ding. B, natri. €.nhém. D. chi. Cau 14: Cho dung dich NaOH du vao dung dich FeSO,, loc két tita va dem nung trong khong khi dén khéi long khong d6i thu durgc chat ran 1a A. Fe(OH). B. FeO. ©. Fe(OH); D. Fe.0s. Cau 15: 0 diéu kién thuong, hop chat nao sau day khong tac dung vi dung dich NaOH (loang, dw)? A.Cr(OH)s. B. NaCrO:. C.CrCls, D.CrOs. LE DANG KHU'ONG Trang 74 NGUYEN VAN HAIDESO 3: UOC MO" Cau 16: Cho ting hén hop (chia hai chat c6 cing s6 mol) sau day vao nuéc du: (a) Nava Al; (b) Nava AlCl; (c) AgNOs va Fe(NO3)2; (@) Ba va KHSOs. Khi két thiic phan tng, hdn hop tan hoan toan chi tao thanh dung dich la Ao) B.(d). ©. fa). D. (b). Cau 17; Héa hoc 18 mot mén khoa hoc thc nghiém. Théng qua cdc bai thyc hanh dé cing 6, khic sau kién thite va gn Ii thuyét voi thc t6 Trong gid’ thuc hanh, dé tiét kiém héa chat va bao vé moi trudmg, chting ta khong nén lam viée nao sau day? A, Sir dung long héa chat nhd. B. D6 héa chat vo ngudn nude. C. Thu chat thai vao binh chia. D. Xir If chat thai phi hop. cau 18: Hidrocacbon X 6 cong thite cfu tao: CH, ~ CH(CH,) ~CH, —CH,. Tén thay thé cia X theo IUPAC Ia A.2-metylbutan. _B. isopentan. C, 3-metylbutan. D. pentan, Cau 19: 6 digu kign thich hop, tién hanh céc thi nghiém sau (a) Hidrat héa etilen; (b) Hidro héa axetilen; (c) Triing hop vinyl clorua; (d) Suc khi etilen vao dung dich brom. S6 thi nghiém cé xay ra phan tng cong la A.4, B. 2. ci. D. 3. Cau 20: Dét chay hoan toan ancol X bang khi 02, thu duoc CO. va H20 theo ti 1é s6 mol tuong ting [a 2 : 3. Biét dung dich X c6 thé hda tan Cu(OH). tao thanh dung dich mau xanh lam. Téng sO nguyén tir trong mét phan tir X 1a 9. B10. cu. D.13. 1: Andehit X no, mach hé, phan tir c6 chia hai lién két x. Céng thie phan tir cla X cé dang la A. CaHlan0, B. CoH2s02. C. CHa. 20. D.CyHan-202. Cau 22: Cho sod chuyén héa gitra cac hop chat hiru coz CH,COOCH=CH, —"""> X “AN 5 y HL 7, Céng thie cdu tao cita Za A. CHsCOOH. B, CH;COONH4. C.CH3CHO. D. HO-CH2-CHO. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 75 NGUYEN VAN HALDESO 3: UOC MO. Cau 23: Xa phong héa hoan toan 4,4 gam CH;COOC2Hs bing dung dich NaOH (ding dur 25% so véi long can phan tg). C6 can dung dich sau phan (rng, thu dugc m gam chat rn khan. Gié tri cda m 1a A.41. B46. 6.48. D.5,1. ‘Cau 24: XA phong héa hoan toan a mol triolein trong dung dich NaOH (vira dii), thu dugc a mol glixerol va A.a mol natri oleat. B, a mol axit oleic. C. 3a mol axit oleic. D. 3a mol natri oleat. Cau 25: Cay xanh a la phéi ctia Trdi Dat, giir vai tro diéu hoa Khi hau, lam sach bau khi quyén. Trong qué trinh quang hop, cay xanh hp thy khi COz, gidi phong khi 02, dng thdi tao ra mét loai hgp chat hiru co’ thiét yéu cho con ngudi, 46 la Avetse. B. cacbohidrat. €. chat béo. D.amin, Cau 26: Mai tanh cia cé (dc biét la cA ma) cha yéu la do hén hop mot sé amin (nhiu nhat 1a trimetylamin) gay nén. Dé khir mii tanh ca c4 tréc khi ché bién ngudi ta thurdng ding A.gidm an, B. ancol etylic. C.nuéc musi. D, nuréc voi. Au 27: Trong méi trurdng kiém, cdc peptit (cé tir 3 géc amino axit tré Ién) va cdc protein €6 thé téc dung v6i Cu(OH)2 cho hgp chét mau A.xanh. B. vang. C.tim. D. 46, Cu 28: Amino axit X (no, mach hé, phan tir chi chita hai nhém chite) cé thanh phan khdi long my: m,=2: 1. Téng s6 nguyén tir trong mét phan tir X 1A A.12. B.10. C14, D.13, Au 29: Cay cao su la loai cay cong nghiép cé gid tri kinh té lon, dugc dua vao trong & nuéc ta tir cudi thé ki 19. Chat long thu dugc tir cay cao su gidng nhu nhya cay (goi la mii cao su) ld nguyen ligu 46 sn xuat cao su ty nhién, Polime tao ra cao su ty nhién c6 tén goila A. Polistiren. B. Poliisopren. C. Polietilen. D. Poli(butadien). Cau 30: Hai chat déu kh6ng tac dung v6i dung dich NaOH (loang, néng) la A. axit axetic va etyl axetat. B. phenylamoni clorua va alanin. C. anilin va metylamin. D. axit stearic va tristearin. Mire a9 Van dung Cau 31: Tién hanh céc thi nghiém cho tig muéi sau tac dung v6i dung dich H:S0, (dc, néng, du): {a) NaCl; (b) CaF2; (c) KBr; (4) Cas(PO,)x; (e) NazSOs; (g) FeSOs. C6 bao nhiéu trudmg hop xay ra phan tng oxi héa-Ihit? A.3. B.2. C5. D.4. LE DANG KHUONG Trang 76 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 3: UOC MO" Cau 32: 6 di8u kign thudng, tién hanh thi nghiém cho céc chat rén sau day vao dung dich tuong ting: {a) Na vao CuSO,; (b) Al vao NaOH; (c) Cu vao HNO: dic; (d) NaHCO; vao NaHSOx; (e) Fe(NOs)2 vao HCl; (g) AlsCs vao HCI du. C6 bao nhiéu trudng hop tao thanh chat xhi? A.3. B. 4. c.5. D. 6. (Cau 33: Dung dich X gm céc ion: Fe?* (0,02 mol), Al (0,02 mol), Cl (0,06 mol) va SO; - Cho dung dich Ba(OH): dw vao X, thu duoc két tia Y. Nung Y 6 nhiét d6 cao trong khong khi thu duoc m gam chat ran. Biét cac phan img déu xy ra hoan toan. Gia tri cia mia A.7,28. B. 6,10. C.4,66. D. 6,26. Cau 34: Cho m gam hén hop X gdm Zn va Fe vao dung dich CuSO,, Sau m6t thai gian, thu durgc chat ran Y cé khéi long tng thém 1% so véi ban dau. Cho Y vao dung dich H,S0, (loging, du), tao thanh khi H2 va cdn lai 0,8m gam chat ran. Higu suat phan ting cia Fe khi tham gia khtr A, 60%. B. 40%. ©, 80%. D. 20%. cut 1a Cau 35: Trén 100 mL dung dich X gom Na;COs 0,2M va (NH.)2COs 0,2M voi dung dich Y chita 4,3 gam hén hop BaCl va CaCh, thu dugc 3,97 gam két tiia va dung dich Z. C6 can Z roi nung chat rn con lai toi khdi Leng khOng d6i, thu duoc m gam chat ran. Gid tri lén nhat cua m 1a A. 2,23 B. 2,34. 437. D.3,41, Cau 36: Hén hop X gdm Na, Naz0, Al va AlOs. Cho 2,8 gam X vao 180 mL dung dich HCl 1M (du), thu duoc 672 mL khi Hz (aktc) va dung dich Y. Thém tir tir dung dich NaQH 2M vao Y, khi thu dugc lwgng két tiia lon nhit la m gam thi hét 70 mL. Gid tri ctia m 1a A, 3,12. B. 2,34. C. 4,68. D. 5,46. Cu 37: X 1a @—amino axit chita mot nhém -NH} va mdt nhém -COOH trong phan tir; ¥ 1a ancol no, hai chite; Z la este tao boi X va Y, phan tir khéi cita Z bang 133. COng thite cu tao nao sau day khéng phi hop voi Z? A, HoN-CH2-COO-CH2-CH.-CHz-OH. B. HoN-[CH?| C, HoN-CH(CH;)-COO-CH.-CH,-OH. D. H2N-CH: CO0-CH2~CH2-OH. (00-CH~CH(OH)-CHa. Au 38: Thuc hién phan ting este héa di8u ché etyl axetat theo so dé hinh vé dui day. Etanol, axit axetic, axit sunfuric dic Etyl axetat LE BANG KHUONG Trang 77 NGUYEN VAN HATDESO 3: UOC MO" Phat biéu nao sau day la sai? A. Trong thi nghiém trén c6 sinh ra lwong nhé etilen va dietyl ete. B. Phan ting tong hop etyl axetat xay ra mét chiéu. C. Axit sunfuric dic dong vai trd Ia chat xtic tac va cht huit nue, D. Thi nghiém trén c6 thé thay nwéc lanh bing nuée a4, Cau 39: Hén hop X gom hidro va vinylaxetilen c6 ti khéi so v6i Hz bing 6. Nung nong X (véi xc tac Ni) mot théi gian, thu duoc hn hop khi Y c6 ti khéi so voi Hz bing 7,5. Phan tram H, da tham gia phan ting la A.20%. B.80%, 25%. D.75%, Cau 40: Cac chat: etanol, andehit axetic, glucozo, glixerol va anilin durgc kf hiéu ngau nhién 1X, Y, Z, T va Q Khi cho tig chat trén tac dung véi cdc tac nhan phan img, cdc chat co hién twong déu dug ghi lai é bang duéi day. ‘Tac nhan phan tng Chat tham gia phan mg | Hién trong ‘AgNOs/ NH; (dun néng) | ¥,Q Két ta trang bac eet ‘Cu(OH): (lic nhe) XY Dung dich xanh lam Nwéc brom [Zz Két tia tring Cac chat X, Y, Z, T va Q Jan lugt la A.Glucozo, etanol, glixerol, anilin, andehit axetic. B. Glixerol, glucozo, anilin, etanol, andehit axetic. C. Andehit axetic, etanol, glucozo, glixerol, anilin. D. Anilin, andehit axetic, etanol, glixerol, glucozo. Cau 41: Hn hop E gdm chat X (CsHioN20,) va chat ¥ (CsHi2N203); trong d6, X 1 mudi cia axit hitu co da chitc, Y 1a mudi ciia mét axit v6 co. Cho 4,00 gam E tac dung voi dung dich NaOH du, dun néng, thu durgc 0,06 mol hai khi va dung dich chita m gam mudi, Gia tricia m la A640. B.3,74, 65,32. D.3,46. Cau 42: Hén hop X gdm hai ancol (no, da chitc, cing s6 nhém -OH). Dét chay hoan toan m gam X, thu durgc 11 gam Khi CO; va 6,3 gam H20. Thyc hién phan img este hod m gam X rong du CHsCOOH, thu duoc a gam este (biét rang cé 40% mdi ancol tham gia phan (tng). Gid tri lon nhat ciia a 1a A612, B.7,56. €.5,16 D.4,44, Mire 4@ Nang cao (Cau 43: Hoa tan hoan toan m gam Fe trong 39,2 gam dung dich H:S05 70% (dic, néng), thu duoc khf $02 (san pham khir duy nat cia $*6) va dung dich X chita 3m gam mui. Néu cho dung dich NaOH du vao X, tao thanh a gam két tila, Gia tri gn nhat voi ala A.10,8. B.115. D.12,9. LE DANG KHUONG ‘Trang 78 NGUYEN VAN HAT