Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Chapter 8
1 a more 8 a work done = force × distance moved [1]
= 250 × 12.0 [1]
b more
= 3000 J [1]
2 a energy
b gain in g.p.e. = weight × increase in height [1]
b work = 700 × 2.5 [1]
3 work done = energy transferred = 1750 J [1]

4 a work done = force × distance moved (in the 9 a weight = mass × g [1]
direction of the force) = 45 × 10
= 450 N [1]
b
Quantity Unit
b gain in g.p.e. = weight × increase in height [1]
ΔW joule, J = 450 × 0.20 × 36 [1]
F newton, N = 3240 J [1]

x metre, m work done

c power = [1]
time taken
3240
c ΔE = energy transferred = [1]
4.2
5 a power = work done = 770 W [1]
time taken
= 0.77 kW [1]
b
Quantity Unit 10 a work done = force × distance moved [1]
P watt, W = 780 × 100 [1]
= 78 000 J [1]
ΔW joule, J
t second, s b work done = force × distance moved [1]
= 240 × 100 [1]
= 24 000 J [1]
6 Ahmed [1]
He lifts them to a greater height. [1] c k.e. = 12 × 750 × 122 [1]

25 = 54 000 J [1]
7 a Millie: speed = = 0.50 m/s [1]
50 d work done by engine = work done against
100 friction + k.e. [1]
Lily: speed = = 0.40 m/s [1]
250 78 000 = 24 000 + 54 000 [1]
b Millie [1] so energy is conserved [1]
Because they are identical, the one with the
greater speed has the greater power. [1]

© Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions: Chapter 8 1
11 a i gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) [1] 12 a M = V × D = 103 × 10−3 [1]
= 1.0 kg [1]
ii force/mass/weight of (basket of) rocks [1]
and height of cliff [1] b mgh = 1 × 10 × 0.8 [1]
= 8.0 J (or 8.0 N m) [1]
b chemical energy [1]
c time taken [1] c P = E = 8 × 90 [1]
t 60
to raise basket up cliff [1]
= 12 W (or 12 J/s or 12 N m/s) [1]
d P = ρgh [1]
8000 Pa (or 8000 N/m2) [1]

© Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions: Chapter 8 2