TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

938 AURORA BOULEVARD CUBAO QUEZON CITY

BUILDING UTILITIES 2
AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEM, AIRCONDITIONING UNITS, COOLING TOWERS

SUBMITTED BY:
BARRION ANGELY PHEBEE L.
SUBMITTED TO:
AR. ERIN T. SUMBILLA
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

 AIRCONDITIONING 1
 TYPES OF AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEMS 1

WINDOWS AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM 1

SPLIT AIR- CONDITIONING SYSTEM 1
CENTRALISED AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM 1
PACKAGED AIR- CONDITIONING SYSTEM 1

 AIRCONDITIONING UNITS 2

 MONOBLOCK AIR CONDITIONERS 2

PORTABLE OR MOBILE AIR CONDITIONERS 2
FLOOR MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONERS 2
WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER 2
SPOT COOLERS (INDUSTRIAL MOBILES) 2
WINDOW AIR CONDITIONERS 2

 SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING 2

WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER-ENGINEER FIT 2
WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER-EASY FIT 3
CEILING CASSETTE AIR CONDITIONER 3
FLOOR MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER 3
DUCT MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER 3
PORTABLE OR MOBILE AIR CONDITIONERS 3

 MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING 3

MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER 3
 COOLING TOWER 4
 TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS 4
CROSSFLOW COOLING TOWER 4
COUNTERFLOW COOLING TOWER 4
INDUCED DRAFT 4
FORCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER 4
FACTORY ASSEMLED COOLING TOWER 4
FIELD ERECTED COOLING TOWER 4

 ACTUAL PICTURE OF A COOLING TOWER 4

AIRCONDITIONING – THE PROCESS OF ALTERING THE PROPERTIES OF AIR (PRIMARILY
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY) TO MORE FAVORABLE CONDITIONS. IT’S CONTROL MAY BE
DESIRABLE TO MAINTAIN THE HEALTH AND COMFORT OF THE OCCUPANTS OR TO MEET THE
REQUIREMENTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL PRECESSES IRRESPECTIVE OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS.
PRINCIPLE: MORE COMFORT INSIDE THE HOUSE THAN IT IS OUTSIDE.
TYPES OF AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEMS
 WINDOWS AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM
- MOST COMMONLY USED AND CHEAPEST TYPE OF AIRCON.
- FOR ITS INSTALLATION, YOU NEED SPACE TO MAKE A SLOT IN THE WALL AND AN
OPEN SPACE OUTSIDE THE WALL.
- ARE RELIABLE AND SIMPLE TO INSTALL SOLUTION TO KEEP THE ROOM COOL.
- WHEN SUMMER HEAT DIES DOWN, THESE CAN BE EASILY REMOVED FOR STORAGE
AND USE THE WINDOW SILL FOR OTHER PUROSES.

 SPLIT AIR- CONDITIONING SYSTEM

- IT COMPROMISES TWO PARTS: OUTDOOR AND INDOOR UNIT.
- THE OUTDOOR UNIT IS FITTED OUTSIDE THE ROOM, HOUSES COMPONENTS LIKE
COMPRESSOR, CONDENSER AND EXPANSION VALVE.
- THE INDOOR UNIT COMPROMISES THE EVAPORATOR OR COOLING COIL AND
THE COOLING FAN. THIS UNIT DOESN’T HAVE TO MAKE ANY SLOT IN THE WALL.
- THE PRESENT SPLIT UNITS HAS MORE AESTHETIC LOOKS TO ADD BEAUTY. AND IT
CAN BE USED TO COOL ONE OR TWO ROOMS.

 CENTRALISED AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM

- MOSTLY USED FOR LARGER BUILDINGS, HOTELS, THEATHERS, AIRPORTS,
SHOPPING MALLS, ETC. T BE AIR CONDITIONED COMPLETELY.
- IT IS ALSO USED FOR THE COOLING LOADS BEYOND 20 TONS.

 PACKAGED AIR- CONDITIONING SYSTEM

- IT IS USED FOR THE COOLING CAPACITIES IN BETWEEN TWO EXTREMES.
- THIS AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HAS AN AVAILABLE FIXED RATED CAACITIES OF 3, 5,
7, 10 AND 15.
- THESE UNITS ARE COMMONLY USED IN RESTAURANTS, TELEPHONE EXCHANGES,
HOMES, SMALL HALLS, ETC.

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AIRCONDITIONING UNITS

AIR CONDITIONER USER TYPE COOLING CAPACITY IN BTU COOLING CAPACITY IN KW

RESIDENTAIL/DOMESTIC 6000-20000 1.76-5.8
COMMERCIAL/OFFICE 12000-50000 3.5-14.65
INDUSTRIAL 30000- 8.79-
MONOBLOCK AIR CONDITIONERS
- TWO SETS OF COILS AR COMBINES IN THE SAME BODY SHELL AND MOSTLY LOCATED
INSIDE THE BUILDING BUT IT HAS ALSO AIR PIPE LINK TO THE OUTSIDE SO THE
HEATED AIR CAN BE DISPERSED OUTSIDE.
o PORTABLE OR MOBILE AIR CONDITIONERS - THE MOST FAMILIAR
AIR CONDITIONING UNIT THAT DOES NOT REQUIRE SPECIAL
MOUNTING.

o FLOOR MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONERS – ARE INSTALLED AGAINST

THE WALL IN THE SAME WAY AS STORAGE HEATER IS.

o WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER – A NEAT SOLUTION TO OLDER

BUILDING WHERE PLANNING DOES NOT PERMIT THE INSTALLATION
OF AN EXTERNAL CONDENSER UNIT.
o SPOT COOLERS (INDUSTRIAL MOBILES) – ARE HEAVILY BUILD,
DESIGNED TO BE WHEELED TO SHIPS, BOATS AND AIRCRAFT.

o WINDOW AIR CONDITIONERS – THE MOST WIDESPREAD

CONFIGURATION OF AIR CONDITIONER. IT IS ALMOST STANDARD IN
APARTMENTS, HOUSES, AND CABINS.

SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING

- IT CONSISTS OF OUTER AND INNER COMPONENTS WHICH ARE CONNECTED BY AN
ELECTRIC CABLE AND TWO COPPER PIPES ALONG WHICH THE REFRIGERANT FLOWS
TO AND FROM THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMPONENTS. THE OUTSIDE IS THE
BULKIEST AND NOISIEST WHILE THE INTERNAL IS MUCH LIGHTER AND QUIETER.

o WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER-ENGINEER FIT – WHERE THERE

IS NO INTERCONNECTING QUICK CONNECTION PIPES SUPPLIED
WITH THE AIR CONDITIONER.

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 o WALL MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER-EASY FIT – IS SUPPLIED WITH
THE INTERCONNECTING PIPEWORK AND CABLE IN PLASTIC SHEATH
OR ‘UMBLICAL CORD’ WHICH HAS A QUICK CONNECT END.

o CEILING CASSETTE AIR CONDITIONER – COMMONPLACE IN OFFICES

WITH SUSPENDED CEILINGS. USUALLY DESIGNED TO BE FITTED
WITHIN A ONE OR TWO CEILING TILE SPACES.

o FLOOR MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER – HAS TWO TYPES: THE

COLUMN AIR CONDITIONERS WHICH ARE LARGE, HIGH CAPACITY
UNITS AND SMALLER CABINET AIR CONDITIONERS WHICH IS FAR
SMALLER LIKE A DIMENSION OF A STORAGE HEATER.

o DUCT MOUNTED AIR CONDITIONER – USUALLY HIDDEN IN THE

CEILING VOIDS AND SOMETIMES KNOWN AS CHANNEL OR CENTRAL
AIR CONDITIONERS. IT HAS THE ADVANTAGE OF BEING CAPABLE OF
DELIVERING CONDITIONED AIR TO A NUMBER OF ROOMS
DEPENDING ON THE AIR DUCT LAYOUT.

o PORTABLE OR MOBILE AIR CONDITIONERS – IT OFFERS THE

POSSIBILTY OR HIGHER COOLING CAPACITY THAT SIMILAR SIZE
MONOBLOCKS AND THE RATE CAPACITIES IS AS HIGH AS 16000
BTU.

MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING

- ARE ESSENTIALLY THE SAME AS THE SPLIT SYSTEM EXCEPT THAT THERE A NUMBER
OF INDOOR UNTS LINK TO THE SAME EXTERNAL UNIT AND IT REQUIRES A LARGE
MORE POWERFUL CONDENSER UNIT.
o MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER – CAN LINK BETWEEN 2 AND 4
EXTERNAL UNITS TO A SINGLE EXTERNAL BLOCK. THE
INSTALLATION OF MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONERS ARE SELDOM
MUCH MORE COST EFFECTIVE THAN AN EQUIVALENT

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 CONFIGURATION OF STANDARD SPLITS BECAUSE THE
INSTALLATION IS DOUBLED COST THAN SINGLE SPLITS WHICH
COST ARE ALSO HIGHER.

COOLING TOWER
- A SPECIALIZED HEAT EXCHANGER IN WHICH AIR AND WATER ARE BROUGHT INTO
DIRECT CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER TO REDUACE THE WATER’S TEMPERATURE.
DURING THIS PROCESS, A SMALL VOLUME OF WATER IS EVAPORATED REDUCING THE
TEMPERATURE OF THE WATER BEING CIRCULATED THROUGH THE TOWER.
TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
o CROSSFLOW COOLING TOWER – WATER FLOWS VERTICALLY
THROUGH THE FILL WHILE THE AIR FLOWS HORZONTALLY, ACROSS
THE FLOW OF THE FALLING WATER.

o COUNTERFLOW COOLING TOWER – THE AIR FLOWS VERTICALLY

UPWARD, COUNTER TO THE FLOW OF FALLING WATER IN THE FILL.

o INDUCED DRAFT – IT HAS FANS THAT ARE TYPICALLY MOUNTED

ON TOP OF THE UNIT AND PULL AIR THROUGH THE FILL MEDIA.

o FORCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER – AIR IS PUSHED BY BLOWERS

LOCATED AT THE BASE OF THE INLET FACE.

o FACTORY ASSEMLED COOLING TOWER – CAN BE CROSSFLOW,

COUNTERFLOW, INDUCED DRAFT OR FORCED DRAFT.

o FIELD ERECTED COOLING TOWER – PRIMARILY CONSTRUCTED AT

THE SITE OF ULTIMATE USE. CAN BE CROSSFLOW OR
COUNTERFLOW DEPENDING ON APPLICATION.
ACTUAL PICTURE OF A COOLING TOWER NEAR ANONAS STATION