MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 RULES FOR BOLTED FLANGE CONNECTIONS WITH RING TYPE GASKETS GENERAL 2 SCOPE (a) The rules in Appendix 2 apply specifically to the design of bolted flange connections with gaskets that ae entirely within the cirele enclosed by the bolt holes and with no contact outside this circle, and are to be used in conjunction withthe eppicable requirements in Subsee- tions A, B, and C of this Division. These rules are not to be used for the determination of the thickness of sup- ported or unsupported tubeshees integral with bolting flange as ilustated in Fig. UW-13.2 sketches (t) through () or Fig. UW-133 sketch (6). Appendix $ provides discussion on Design Considerations for Bolted Flanged Connections. ‘These rules provide only for hydrostatic end loads and sgusket seating, The flange design methods outlined in 2- 4 through 28 are applicable to circular flanges under internal pressure. Modification ofthese methods are out- lined in2-9 and 2-10 for the design of spit and noncirco- lar flanges, See 2-11 for anges with ring type gaskets subject to extemal pressure, 2-12 for anges with nut- stops, and 2-13 for reverse flanges. Proper allowance shall be made if connections ate subject to extemal loads other than extemal pressure. (0) The design of a flange involves the selection of the gasket (material, type, and dimensions), ange facing, bolting, hub proportions, flange width, and flange thick- ness. See Note 1, 2-5(¢\(}). Flange dimensions shall be such thatthe stresses inthe flange, calculated in accor- dance with 2-7, do not exceed the allowable flange stresses specified in 2-8. All calculations shall be made ‘on dimensions in the corroded condition (c) ICs recommended that bohed flange connections conforming to the standards listed in UG-44 be usd for connections to external piping. These standards may be ‘used for other bolted flange connections within the limits of size in the standards and the pressure—temperature ratings pert in UG-44. The ratings in these standards are based onthe hub dimensions given or onthe minimum specified thickness of flanged fitings of integral construc- tion, Flanges fabricated from rings may be used in place ‘of the hub flanges in these standards provided that their strength, calculated by the rules in this Appendix, is not Jes than thet calculated forthe corresponding size of hub ‘ange. (d) Except as otherwise provided in (c) shove, bolted flange connections for unfied pressure vessels shall sat- ‘isfy the requirements in this Appendix. (€) Therules ofthis Appendix should not be construed 1 probibit the use of other types of flanged connections provided they are designed in accordance with good engi- ering practice and method of design is acceptable to the Inspector. Some examples of flanged connections ‘which might fll inthis category areas follows: (1) flanged covers as shown in Fig. 1-6; (2) boled anges using full-face gaskets; (3) langesusing means other than bolting to restrain the flange assembly against pressure and other appli Toads. 22 MATERIALS (a) Materials used inthe constrction of bolted flange connections shall comply with the requirements given in UG-4 through UG-14. (b) Flanges made from fecritic stel and designed in accordance with this Appendix shall be full-annealed, normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered when te thickness ofthe flange section exceeds 3 i, (15 mm). (c) Material on which welding i to be performed shall be proved of good weldable quality, Satisfactory quali- cation of the welding procedure under Section IX is con- sidered as proof, Welding shall not be performed on steel ‘that has acarbon content greater than 0.35%. All welding ‘on flange connections shall comply withthe requirements for postweld heat treatment given in this Division (d) Fabricated hubbed flanges shall be in accordance with the following,2 MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 23 (1) Hubbed flanges may be machined from a hot rolled or forged billet or forged bar. The axis of the finished fange shall be parallel to the long axis of the criginal billet or bar. (This is not intended to imply that the axis of the finished flange andthe original illt must be concentric.) (2) Hubbed fanges (except as permitted in (1) above] shall not be machined ftom plate or bar stock ‘material unless the material hes been formed into a ring, snd further provided that: (a) inating formed from plat, the original plate surfaces are paralle! to the axis of the finished flange. (This is not intended to imply that the original plate surface be present in the finished flange.) (6) the joints in the ring are welded bat joints thet conform to the requirements of this Division. Thickness to be used to determine postweld heat treatment end radiography requirements shall be the lesser of 2) z where these symbols are as defined in 2-3, (c) the back of the flange and the outer surface ‘of the hub are examined by either the magnetic particle ‘method as per Appendix 6 or the liguid penetrant method 1s per Appendix 8 (€) Bolts, studs, nuts, and washers shall comply with the requirements in this Division. It is recommended that bolts and studs have a nominal diameter of not less than 4% in, (13 mm) If bots or studs smaller than ¥ in. (13 mm) ae used, ferrous bolting material sball be of alloy stcel. Precautions shall be taken to avoid over-sessing small-diameter bolts 23 NOTATION ‘The symbols described below are used in the formulas for the design of flanges (see also Fig. 2-4): ‘A = outside diameter of flange or, where slotted holes extend tothe outside of the flange, the diameter to the bottom of the slots ‘Ay = cross-sectional area of the bolts using the root diameter of the thread or least diameter of unthreaded position, if less ‘Ap = total required cross-sectional area of bots, taken asthe greater of Amt and Ana ‘Aq = total cross-sectional area of bolts atroot of thread orsection of least diameter under stress, required for the operating conditions Wr /Sp ‘Ana = total cross-sectional area ofbolts atroot of thread or section of least diameter under tess, required for gasket seating = Wea lSy 1B = inside diameter of flange. When B is less than 20,1, twill be optional forthe designer to sub- stitute By for B inthe formula for loagitanal stress Sy, By = B + gy for loose type Manges and for integral type flanges that have calculated values h/t, and g,/6 which would indicate an f value of Tess than 1.0, although the minimum value of f permite is 1.0. B, = B+ g, for itegral type Ranges when fis equal to or greater than one +b = effective gasket or join-contact-suface seating, width [see Note 1, 25(€)(1)) basic gaket seating width (ftom Table 25.2) boltcircle diameter conversion factor 05 for US. Customary caleletions; 2.5 for ST calculations basic dimension used for the minimum sizing ‘of welds equal tot, orf, whichever is less d= factor = Pig tring pe tne 4 = Tho? for looee type anges = factor for intgral type anges im = For lowe ype anges {actor fr integral type flanges (from Fig. 2-72) factor fr loote type flanges (rom Fig. 2-74) ‘hub stress correction factor for integral flanges from Fig. 27.6 (When greater than one, his is the ratio ofthe sues inthe small end of hb to the sree in the large end.) (Fr values below limit of gue, use = 1.) G = diameter at location of gasket load reaction. Except as noted in sketch (1) of Fig. 2-4, G is defined as follows (se Table 2- ‘When b, < % in. (6mm), G = mean diameter of gasket contact face When b,> Yin. (6m), G = outside diame- tex of gasket contact fae less 2, 12 = thickness of hub at small end f) = thickness of hub at back of flange 2 = total hydrostatic end fore = 0.785G7P- hydrostatic end force on area inside of Bange a7eser F; wan Sts Hp23 2004 SECTION VItI — DIVISION 1 2 Hg = gasket load (difference between flange design ‘bolt load and total hydrostatic end force) WH ‘tal joint-contact surface compression load = 2b X 3.14 GmP difference between total hydrostatic end force ‘and the hydrostatic end force on area inside of Inub length ‘hp = radial distance from the bolt circle, to the circle (on which Hp acs, as prescribed in Table 2-6 ‘hg = radial distance from gasket load reaction to the ‘i = radial distance from the bolt circle to the circle ‘on which Hy acts as prescribed in Table 2-6 = ratio of outside diameter of flange to inside diam- cher of fange =A Le factor Terie 7 +4 Mp = componeit of moment due to Ho, Hho Mo = component of moment due to He, = Hike ‘Mo = total moment acting upon the flange, for the ‘operating conditions or gasket seating as may apply (see 2-6) ‘Mz = component of moment due to Hy = Hyhy ‘m = gasket factor, obtain from Table 2-5.1 [see Note 1, 2-5(@)(1)) 'N = width used to determine the basic gasket seating with B,, based upon the possible contact width of the gasket (see Table 2-5.2) P = internal design pressure (see UG-21). For fanges subject to external design pressure, see 2A. R = radial distance from bolt circle to point of inter- section of hub and back of flange. For integral allowable bolt stress at atmospheric temperature (ee UG-23) Sj, = allowable bolt stress at design temperature (se UG-23) ‘5; = allowable design stress for material of flange at design temperature (operating condition) or atmospheric temperature (gasket seating), as say apply (see UG-23) 5, = allowable design stress for material of nozzle neck, vessel or pipe wal, design temperature (operating condition) or atmospheric tempere- ture (gasket seating) as may apply (see UG-23) calculated longitudinal stress in hub calculted radial stress in lange calculated tangential stress in flange factor involving X (from Fig. 2-7.1) flange thickness ‘nomieal thickness of shell or nozzle well to which flange or lapis atached 4, = two times the thickness go, when the design is calculated as an integral flange or two times the thickness of shell nozzle wall requited for intemal pressure, when the design is calculated 1s loose flange, but not less than in. (6 mm) factor involving K (from Fig. 27.1) factor for integral type flanges (from Fig. 2-7.3) factor for loose type flanges (from Fig. 2-7.5) flange desiga bolt load, forthe operating condi- tions or gasket seating, es may apply [see 2-5(€)} Wm = minimum required bolt load for the operating conditions [see 2-5(c)]. For flange pairs used 10 contain a tubesheet for floating head for a U- tube type of heat exchangers, or for any other similar design, Wr shall be the larger of the values as individually calculated foreach flange, ‘nd that valve shall be used for both flanges. Waa = minimum required bolt load for gasket seating [see 2-5(0)] ‘Ww = width used to determine the basic gasket sealing ‘width bp, based upon the contact width between ‘the flange facing and the gasket (see Table 2-5.2) Y = factor involving K (rom Fig. 27.1) gasket or joint-contect-surface unit seating load, [see Note 1, 2-5(6] Z = factor involving K (from Fig. 27.1) 24 CIRCULAR FLANGE TYPES (a) Pos purposes of computation, there are three types: (2) Loose Type Flanges. This type covers those designs in which the flange has no direct connection to the nozzie neck, vessel, or pipe wall, nd designs where the method of attachment is not considered to give the ‘mechanical strength equivalent of integral attachment. ‘See Fig. 2-4 skeiches (1), (18), (2), (2a), G), (38), (4), ‘and (4a) for typical loose type flanges and the location ‘of the loads and moments, Welds and other details of construction shall satisfy the dimensional requirementsMANDATORY APPENDIX 2 Ful penetration weld, ingle or double. The iV penetration weld may be through {hor through the 1. wall i Hip F a ‘Tobe taken st midpoint of contact betwen flange and lap independent of gasket location 0 (1) “Tis weld may be machined to ¢ corner __(2)Serewed Flange With Hulb radius to aul standard lap joint flanges. See Note (1) See Note (1) min. = 0.76 Tite Thimeo min. =0.70 min. 20.76 mir Je: nl els ° on Pp ina velan radon [NOTES (Loose’Type Flanges (1) For hub tapers 6 dog or loss, use go oy {2) Loading and dimensions for sketches (2), (2), (2), (1, and (4a) not shown are the Loose Type Flanges FIG, 2.4 TYPES OF FLANGES2004 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1 Winer hub spe edjocent ‘0 tlange exceed tte etch (al or (6) ° (0.26% but notes than Min (6 mm) the ‘minimum for ath lg. This wold may Be ‘apchine $0» commer radu a permite ip GENERAL NOTES (Looe and nts! Type Flange: (a) Fillet radius rto be ot least 0.259 but not less than 3g in. (6 men) {) Facing thicknesses or groove depths grater then "sein, (1.6 rom) shall bo in excess of the required minimum flange thickness t those aqua to or lss than "gin. (1.8 mm) mey be Included In the ‘overall lange thickness. Aoavaral Type Flanges FIG. 24 TYPES OF FLANGES (CONT'D)MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 eS re ‘nin. = ¢ but not p5 than Mn 6 me max. = ¢ +1 in er ta (erm) o — Fut penetration snd beckchip [aoe Fig, UW-13.2 sketches (m) and (n) and UG-2210133) a ‘GENERAL NOTES: (Optional Type Flanges}: {a) Optional type flanges may be calculated as either 1ooe0 or in {) Loadings and dimensions not shown in sketches (8), (Be, (8), {5 shown i sketch (2) wh ‘ketch (7) when the flange {ct The groove and filet welds between the flange beck face and the shell given in skate (6) lao ‘apply to sketches (a), 8, (90), (10), and (10a regi = fin (10 mm) For integrally 3g. (5 mm) Feinforeed no he Erin = nut height + iin. 6mm) ‘Subtype to ‘lotr det ‘shown in skatoh (12) (12) For Flanged Nozzles 18 in. 460 mm (12) For Flanged Nozzles Over ‘Smaller Nominal Size ‘18in. (460 mem) Nominal Size tnd (Oh Goi the thickness of the hub atthe small end, For subtypes (c} and (), = 6 Flanges With Nut Stops FIG. 2-4 TYPES OF FLANGES (CONT'D) 392 2004 SECTION Vill — DIVISION 1 2s given in Fig. 2-4 sketches (1) (18), (2), (2a), (3), Ga), 4), and (4). (2) Integral Type Flanges. This type covers designs where the flange is cast or forged integrally with the nozzle neck, vessel or pipe wall, butt welded thereto, or atached by other forms of arc or gas welding of such a nature that the ange and nozzle neck, vessel or pipe wall is considered to be the equivalent of an integral structure. In welded construction, the nozzle neck, vessel, ot pipe wall is considered to act as a hub. See Fig. 2-4 sketches (5), (6), (68), (60), and (7) for typical integral type flanges and the location of the loads and moments. Welds and other details of construction shall satisfy the dimensional requirements given in Fig. 2-4 sketches (5), ©, (60), (66), and (7). (3) Optional Type Flanges. This type covers designs where the attachment of the flange to the nozzle neck, ‘vessel or pipe walls such thatthe assembly is considered 10 act a8 a unit, which shall be calculated as an integral flange, except that for simplicity the designer ray calcu- late the construction as a loose type flange provided none of the following values is exceeded: 0 = %in. (16 mm) Bigg = 300 P= 300 pei MPa) operating temperature = TO0°F (370°C) ‘See Fig. 2-4 sketches (8), (82), (9), (9a), (10), (10a), and (G11) for typical optional type flanges. Welds and other

Tren arse tel 4500.6) tone or 45-436 chrome 5,500 (38)

Scena tae S| ee ot nara el a awanaae we 3 Gomes rsa 08% cone 338 9,000 62) QS Coke Sai nna al onote rnd ta ‘of aluminum 328 $0008 hi? Sot capers Pret amanaane toneran oe 2 Meda mania, Man 1 sat tt Set aurinon 4004800 61) Qa Soto at Sas onanaaie, re a ered eiueren Tere drone te mee oe Be ae tan tS RES fi i at sso aesooaze ee es ane 2 Beas sz com Bicaece tate etc notes: (2) This Table ges a st of many cortmonty used aust mates and contact facings with suggested design values of ard y that have erally prove salstactory in atual service when using effective gasket seating width &lvn in Table 25.2. The design vals ander eal ven this Table are sugested only and are not mandatory (2) The surace of @ gasket having a lap shoe ot be 3 352 ns the run.MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 TABLE 252 EFFECTIVE GASKET WIDTH? Basie Gasket Seating Wid by Facing Sketeh (Exaggerated) Golam Column ie ww ila wT Seo Note (1) id ‘Soe Note (1) Pact 2) aed Nien “Yogi (04 men) nupbin meg @, by ‘Youn. (0.4 mm) nub Pama ell Seo Note (1) w o eee ® ‘See Note (1) iat 6 |2004 SECTION VIN — DIVISION 1 TABLE 252 EFFECTIVE GASKET WIDTH? (CONT'D) ete Gast Seating With, 6 b= by when 5% I Gr b= Caf wen 6,2 % Location of Gasket Lond Resction a 0.0. contact ce t oa ot, | <= For Dg qin. (8 mm) ores: (2) Where serrations do not exces Ye I. (0.4mm) depth ane In (0.8mm) width pacing, sketches (2) and (1) shall be ued an (2) Before tight joint can be obtained, itis neces- sary to seat the gasket or joint-contact surface properly by applying a minimum initial load (under atmospheric teruperature conditions without the presence of internal pressure), which isa function of the gasket matcrial and the effective gasket area to be seated, The minimum initial bolt load required for this purpose Wa shall be determined in secordance with Formula (2). Wa = 3.14bGy @ For flange pairs used to contin a tubeshee for 3 float ing bead for @ U-tube type of heat exchanger, oF for any other similar design, and where te anges and/or gaskets ae not the same, Wag shall be the larger ofthe values obtained from Formas (2) as individually calculated for cach flange and gasket, and that value shall be used for both flanges ‘The need for providing sufficient bolt load to seat the gasket or joit-contact surfaces in accordance with Formula (2) will prevail on meny low-pressure designs and wit facings and materials that require a high seating load, and where the bott load computed by Formula (1) for the operating conditions is insufciet to seat the joint, Accordingly, i is necessary to fumish bolting and to pretighten the bolts to provide a bolt load sufficient (o satisfy both of these requirements, each one being individually investigated. When Formula (2) govern, flange proportions wil be a function ofthe bolting instead of intermal pressure. (3) Bolt loads for flanges using gaskets ofthe sef- energizing type differ from those shown above, 356 et factors sted nly apy te flange Jolt n which te gasket is contalned entirely within he Iner edge ofthe bol oles. (a) The required bolt oad forthe operating condi- ‘ions Wy shall be sufficient to resist the hydrostatic end force H exerted by the maximum allowable working pres- sure onthe area bounded by the ouside diameter ofthe gasket. H, is to be considered a O forall self-energizing gaskets except cerain seal configurations which generate axial loads which must be considered. (0) Waa = 0. Self-energizing gaskets may be considered to require inconsequential amount of bolting fore to produce a seal. Boling, however, must be pretightened to provide a bolt load sufficient to withstand the hydrostatic end force H. (@) Total Required and Actual Bolt Areas, Ay and Ay. ‘The total cross-sectional area of bolis Ay required for ‘oth the operating conditions and gasket seating isthe greater ofthe values for A ana Whee Ay = Was /Sy and Aya = Waa/S,. A selection of bolts tobe used shall tbe made such thatthe acrual total erosssectonal area of bots Ay wil not be less than A (c) Flange Design Bolt Load W. The bolt loads used inthe design of the flange shall be the values obtsined from Formulas (3) and (4). For operating conditions, W= Wat ® For gasket seating, nt Ad Wm Gat AS ‘4 sein Forma (4) shal be not less than hat tulated in the stess tables (see UG-23).In addition to the mini- ‘mam requirements for safety, Formula (4) provides & ®25 MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 ‘margin against abuse of the flange from overbolting. Since the margin against such abuse is needed primarily forthe inital, bolting-up operation which is done at atmo- spheric temperature and before application of internal pressure, the flange design és required to satisfy this load- {ng only under such conditions (see Note 2). [NOTE 2: Where aon efty apn! abuse i deed, ce where ‘tis mcesry tthe flange be slble wo widstand the ful aval bat od AS the flge my be designed on Ue bas ft ater ‘qui. 26 FLANGE MOMENTS In the calculation of flange stress, the moment of a Toad acting on the flange isthe product of the load and its moment arm. The moment arm is determined by the relative position of the bolt circle with respect 10 that of the load producing the moment (fee Fig. 2-4). No consideration shall be given to any possible reduction in ‘moment arm due to cupping of the anges or due 10 ‘inward shifting of the Line of action of the bolts as a result thereof. For the operating conditions, the total flange moment ‘Mis the sum ofthe three individual moments Mp, Mr, ‘and Mo, as defined in 2-3 and based on the lange design load of Formula (3) with moment arms as given in Table 26. For gasket seating, the toal lange moment M, is based on the flange design bolt load of Formula (4), which is opposed only by the gasket load, in which case y= wD © 2 CALCULATION OF FLANGE STRESSES ‘The stresses in the flange shall be determined for both the operating conditions and gasket seating condition, whichever controls, in accordance with the following formulas: (a) for integral ype flanges (Fig. 2-4 sketches (5), (6), (6a), (60), and (7)]; for optional type flanges calculated as imtogral type (Fig. 2-4 sketches (8), (Ba), (9), (99), (10), (10a), and (11)}; and for loose type flanges with a hub which is considered [Fig. 2-4 sketches (1), (La), 2), (ay, G), (a), (4), and 4a): ‘Longitudinal hub stress See TABLE 26 MOMENT ARMS FOR FLANGE LOADS UNDER OPERATING CONDITIONS: to Inteyral ype anges Cee ip. 24 sketches (5), (6), (6a, (6), and (Dy; and eponal ype ‘anges enclaves as Integral type Ce Fa. 2 setces (8), (8), (9), (621, d0), Gon, and 5 + 05% Loose type, excet lap alt ages Le Fa 2-4 aetees (2), (28, (©), G2), (@, ané 4a}; aed eptoal ‘ope Ranges ealeuated 5 loose ype see Fig. 2-4 stetces (8, (88), (9), (6a), 20), Gow, and QD} Lappe Manges (se Fp 2 sets (2) and ) ® (b) for loose type flanges without hubs and loose type ‘anges wit hubs which th designer chooses to calculate without considering the hub (Fig. 2-4 sketches (1), (a), (2), 2s), 3), Ga), 4, and (48) and optional type flanges calculated as lose type (Fig. 2-4 sketches (8). (8), (9), (94), (20), (108), ane (11) nae See 0 Sn=0 28 ALLOWABLE FLANGE DESIGN STRESSES (a) The flange stresses calculated by the formulas in 2-7 shall not exceed the following values:28 2008 SECTION Vill — DIVISION 1 as , i : segl22 103108 1.30 0 1211 855206149 KI=1 eo oa720 + 1.9648 K? VK 50 121+ 8.58246 foayg X=! «| yey BerB Ok? =H) OC » » ‘ 8 ® 3 Roe 6 5 5 4 ‘ 2 3 2 2 1 1 ia 108 108 sO 120 130«180~—«200~—=OO SCO Keale FIG. 2-71 VALUES OF ‘Terms Involving 10 (1) longitudinal bub stress Snot grate than $for cast iron! and, except as otherwise limited by (1X) and (DQ) below, not greeter than 1.55 for materials other than cast iron: (a) longitudinal hub sess Sy ot greater han the smaller of 1.jor1.55yfor optional type flanges designed 48 integral (Fig, 24 sketches (8), a), (9), ©), (10); (10a), and (11), also integral type (Fig. 2-4 sketch 7] ‘where the neck materia constiites the hub ofthe ange: () longitudinal hub stress Sy not greater than the smaller of 1.55; or 2.58, for integral type flanges with hub welded to the neck, pipe or vessel wall (Fig. 2-4 sketches (6), (6), nd (60) (2) radial ange stress Sy not greater than 5; () tangential Range stress Sp not greater than $j; "We he ange materi is easton, pats care shoal be taken ‘when tgtening de bois to avoid encsave west hat may break the Tange. The longioainal bub eres at been Lied to 5 od 10 nine any ercking of anges An anemgt held be made o apy ‘oper te han inte 1 ae Upc dg te hy 356 TU, ¥, AND Z (4) also (Si + Sx)/2 not greater than 5; and (Sy + ‘S_)12 not greater than S;, (b) For hub flanges attached as shown in Fig. 2-4 sketches (2), (28) (8), (a), 4), and (4a), the nozzle neck; vessel or pipe wall shall not be considered to have any value as & hub. (@) Inthe case of lose type flanges with lps, as shown in Fig. 2-4 sketches (1) end (1a), where the gasket is so located that the lap is subjected to shear, the shearing stress shall not exceed 0.8 S, for the material of the lp, as defined in 2-3, Inthe case of welded flanges, shown in Fig. 2-4 sketches (3), (a), (4), (48), (7), (8), (8), (®), (Ga), (10), end (10a) where the nozzle neck, vessel, or pipe wall extends near to the lange face and may form the gasket contact face, he shearing stress caried by the welds shall not exceed 0.8 S,. The shearing stress shall be calculated on the basis of Wixi or Wa a6 defined in 2-3, whichever is greater. Similar cases where flange parts are subjected to shearing stress shall be governed by the same requirements29 MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 2 os| | 07 1.00 | ir | a0 | os 2.00 1 a] Tae se Tae 3. form ia” aR os ' 1s 7 35 1/00 FIG.2.72_ VALUES OF F @ CIntearal Flange Factor) 29 SPLIT LOOSE FLANGES? Loose flanges split across a diameter and designed Under the rules given in this Appendix may be used under the following provisions. (a) When the flange consists of a single spit flange fr flange ring, it shall be designed as if it were a solid fiange (without splits), using 200% of the total moment 1M, as defined in 2-6. (®) When the flange consists of two split rings each ing shall be designed as if it were a slid flange (without splits), using 75% of the total moment M, as defined in 2-6, The pair of rings shall be assembled 50 that the splits ‘none rng shall be 90 deg from the splits in the other ring, (c) The splits should preferably be midway between bolt holes, 20 NONCIRCULAR SHAPED FLANGES ‘WITH CIRCULAR BORE ‘The outside diemeter A for ¢ noncircular flange with ‘circular hore shal be taken as the diameter ofthe largest 7 Loewe Bangs ofthe type shown in Fig. 2-4 stich (1) ae of the spl eign whe Ici necessary to nll em afer ea eaten of ‘lanes steel vessel ot when for en teason I sed to have ‘hem completly removable fom the nore neck or vee circle, concentric with the bore, inscribed entirely within the outside edges of the flange. Bolt loads and moments, a well as stresses, are then calculated as for circular flanges, using a bolt circle drawn through the centers of ‘the outermost bolt holes. aan FLANGES SUBJECT TO EXTERNAL PRESSURES (a) The design of flanges for external pressure only [see UG-99(1)} shall be based on the formulas given 2-7 for internal pressure except that for operating condi- tions: My = Holho~ ho) + Hr(hr~ lig) (10) For gasket seating, Me = Who an where ae) 2 Wea internal pes occurs only ding the requ presure tex; he design maybe based on enteral prose, and allay vies ‘och clamps ay be wed daring the application of he required est press.og FROTE: Se Tee 27. fr Foals 1 15 2 25 s 35 4 45 8 180 FIG, 27.3 VALUES OF V (integral Flange Factors) Hy = 0.7858? cub Hy = HH (ney H = 07850"? cua) P, = extemal design pressure ‘See 2-3 for definitions of other symbols. S, used in For- ‘mula (11a) sball be not less than that tabulated in the sess tables (see UG-23). (b) When flanges are subject at different times during ‘operation to external or intemal pressure, the design shall satisfy the extemal pressure design requirements given jn a) above and the internal pressure design requirements sven elsewhere in this Appendix. NOTE: ‘The combined force of extemal pressure and bat leading may ‘when the ui i repressed, consideration sould be pve gxet ‘nd facing dtl otha exesive Gefarnation ofthe gasket wll not ect ots subject o presse several, sachs est etcaaper outing beads, are i ype of servi, Daz FLANGES WITH NUT-STOPS (a) When flanges are designed per this Appendix, or are fabricated to the dimensions of ASMEJANSI B16.5 ‘or other accepable standards [see UG-44(2], excep that the dimension Ris decreased to provide a nut-sop, the fillet radius relief shall be as shown in Fig. 2-4 sketches (02) and (12a) except that (1) for fanges designed to this Appendix, the dimension ¢, must be the lesser of 2¢ (from UG-27) or -4r, but in no case less than %4 in. (13 mm), where 1 = the radius ofthe undereut (2) for ASME/ANSI B16.5 or other standard flanges, the dimension of the hub g, sball be increased as necessary to provide a nut-stop. 2413 REVERSE FLANGES (a) Flanges with the configuration as indicated in Fig 2-13.1 shall be designed as integral reverse flanges and ‘those in Fig. 2-13.2 shall be designed as loose ring type reverse flanges. These flanges shall be designed in confor- ‘mance with the rules in 2-3 through 2-8, but with the ‘modifications as described in the following. Mandatory ‘use of these rules is limited to K < 2. When K > 2, results become increasingly conservative and U-2(g) may be used,MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 006! 0.06: 308. OTE: Sue Tobie 274 lr fori 1s 20 30 91/90 FIG. 2-74 VALUES OF F, (Loose Hub Flange Factors) (1) Integral Type Reverse Flange, The shell-o- flange atachment of integral type reverse anges may be attached as shown in Fig, 2-4 sketches'(S) through (11), as well as Fig. UW-13.2 sketches (a) and (2). The require- ‘ments of 2-4(2)(3) apply to Fig. 2-4 sketches (8) through. (1) as well as Fig. UW-13.2 sketches (2) and () (2) Loose Ring Type Reverse Flange. The shll-to- ‘ange attachment of loose ring type reverse flanges may be atached ab shown in Fig. 2-4 sketches Ge, (4a), (8), (9), (10), and (11) us well as Fig. UW-13.2 sketches (c) and (d). When Fig. UW-13.2 sketches (c) and (d) are ‘used, the maximum wall thickness of the shell shall not exceed % in, (10 mn), and the maximum design metal temperature shall not exceed 650°F (340°C), The symbols and definitions in this paragraph pertain specifically to reverse flanges. Except as noted in (b) ‘below, the symbols used in the equations of this paragraph are defined in 2-3. ‘The formulas for Sy, Sp, and Syy comespond, respec- tively, to Formulas (6), (7), and (8 in 2-7, in direction, ‘but are located at the flange outside diameter. The sole stress atthe ange inside diameter iso tangential stress and is given by the frmla for Sp. 180 100) 20 80 30) 0.02] nore: See Tele 22. fr fermles oot io Ts 20 36 91/80 FIG. 27.5 VALUES OF V (Loose Hub Flange Factors) (&) Notation 4d, = UphorBa IV e = Fler F = factor (use hy, for hy in Fig. 2-72) {f= factor (use hy, for hy in Fig. 27.6) (otal hydrostatic end force on attached com- ponent 7857 P Ho = hydrcstatic end force on aes inside of Sange 0.7858" P difference between hydrostatic end force on ‘attached component and hydroststic end force fon area inside of ange =H-Hp fy = radial distance from the bolt circle to the circle ‘on which Hp acts = (C+ gy ~ 245 ~ B)/2 for intogral type reverse flanges (C~ B)/2 for loose sing type reverse flanges hor =2004 SECTION Vitt~ T= imino DIVISION 1 1 4 Yor hubs of uniform thickness 94/6 =| #=1 for toe bled flanges NOTE: See Table 27-1 for formule, 0/90 FIG. 2-7.6 VALUES OF F (Hub Stress Correction Factor) K = ratio ofousde diameter of flange toside diam- eter of fnage = Are" 1, = factor ciel? T, "4, ‘My = total moment acting on the flange, for the operating conditions or gasket eating 28 may apply = algebraic sum of Mp, My, nd Ma. Values of load Hr and moment erm pare negative; value ‘of moment arm hr may be postive as in Fig, 2- 13,or negative. IM, isnegativ, use its absolute value in calculating stresses to obtain positive stresses for comparison with allowable stresses. _ (z40. n-EB)er U, = a0 V = factor (use hy, for hy in Fig. 273) Yaa? a= [12 e (c) For Integral Type Reverse Flanges (GZ) Stresses at the Outside Diameter Sy = Malye B Sq = (1.3316; + M/E 8 Sir = (UyMy 1B’) ~ Z5p(0.611e, + 1)/(1.33te, +MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 a vo pase moze (92) PUR rouy + auras + Se9v9 + SID ~ oo'zcEvT + Ooesi¥61 = "2 OASSiy0+ ster vost + Iva + Ser) ODE WIRIYIL + STAC = saris OnIys + Uren + USL + Up) + svoswrvac + ogee = "9 nou + outs + ov SEN + SC) + OC eOSUVLES + oNTTENINL = "> GO ‘scivet + 2H = %0 sumaser = 2 (1 bg Bus pos ze Su iss ‘onan ‘ozssovo = 475 = 16 wa, SUA ¥SI + UvD + U1) + ORC SomMEREE + SRNIE = "9 yves + 7D + ocseuvess + ovcourEes = 60 ‘anos 2410 FB (8 onennys + oaaigyse + $1.66 + SAWS + Uys + ‘puvste + une) cecMis + TeLUSIZ = 9 nd += sooUvs + 06 = 69 soja (2) wnouy (1) “23 Suh pajos au Supenbe axoge ay Pon Santen BAL “Lonyenbe as 91-2 Bs dy soe yo =) fa panos wag 2-2 ls sad 0104 iy paps wan 9 22 ia a Oey sone ese Waa VINWUOS NI SHOLWS SONVIS Tee av 361Sow + ours + Gani + Wika + Gs wa = fa Hoa + Ro + HKD = a Ha +9 4M OD = a a teoroHo ~ €o aM) = Foamy = 9-H EU = m8 - en = 0) = = o8ig + tt ~ 89 =" = fof00) ~9in'9 + OD! + "919 2004 SECTION VIN — DIVISION 1 199) - 69) -*08199 +5950) No@oto%o + 190 + Soto") M9899 + HE'D + DDH] = Ha fg + {9$9) "010% + IID + 791919 = "9 Gi + oe ONO — cu om = ve + 981V + OCU) OF = g- vac sa WO + c+ =F Ugh +a +H) = a SORE D2OD + *OMISO) KINDO + MISO) = He HoH + RoKOE0) - SOON + BOMDEO = Serve + Se) + oo ¥SEIVEG + 009 TERREE = 0 (GINO) WYO VINWROA NI SUOLOVS 3ONVTEMANDATORY APPENDIX 2 FIG. 2.13.1 REVERSE FLANGE23 2004 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1 243 I | mo | | qT . e srei“| i e FIG. 2132 LOOSE RING TYPE REVERSE FLANGE (2) Stress at Inside Diameter B’ (d) For Loose Ring Type Reverse Flanges IER) ine aKa 2 Spo MR = DL, Sr=0 Sy =OSTD-ASME BLb.S-ENGL 2996 MM™ O759670 OS79475 bb3 mm PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS ‘ASME 816.5-1006 [tine er ‘Seaket Welding (1/2 103 Oy) See | TABLE 12 DIMENSIONS OF CLASS 300 FLANGES** ‘T?]*]<-]* 7~]7]*]*]w[u]lep>e]>«)w ae |__teat Toes a t 5 to i . see a [he [ie (ie [oem [ae [am [tw | aw | wm | wom | wer | em | we 2 am | ioe | aos | ae | ae | ae | in | ae] Be | ae | oS | ae ” asso | 2a 16.00, 47 | 57 | 2a | sere | sei | Th) oso | seie m [mi | ik | nm | Ae) 38 | oe | ae | ae | sei | ss [emmme) oe | ie B | Be | ie | a | se | oe | is | ak | im | me | ee |" | te | ah Me seco | 27 | saz | soo | aw | oo | ese | sae | aaa | ozs [PM oso | 2a ‘COPYRIGHT 2008; American Society of Mechanical Engineer 11S Insa/Spex technology and images copyright () I 2003STD-ASME BLb-S-ENGL 199 MM O7S9b70 OS7947b STT mm ‘ASME B16.5-1996 PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS ‘TABLE 12 (CONTD} GENERAL NOTE: Dimansions ar in inches. NoTEs: (1) This dimension is fr large end of hub, which may be straight or tapered. Teper shall not exceed 7 on, socket welding, and lapped fangos. (2) For tolerances, see Section 7. (8) For facings, see para. 64 (4) For Range bolt holes, see para. 6.5 and Table 11. (5) For spot facing, soe para. 6. (6) For reducing threeded and slip-on flanges, eee Table 7. {7) Blind flanges may be made with or without hube atthe option ofthe manufacturer. {8) For reducing welding neck fangs, se0 pare. 6.3, {9} When these anges are required with ft face, ether the ful thickness or thicknass with raised face removed may be furished. Users are reminded that removing the raised face will make the langth through the hub nonstandard. See para. 6.4.1.1 for floral restrictions. (10) The flange dimensions lusrated are for regularly furiahed 0.08 in. raised face (except lapped); for requirements of ether facings, 6 Fig, 7. (11) For woiding ond and bevel, soe para. 6.7. (12) For thread of threaded flanges, eae para. 6.9, (13) Dimensions in Column 12 correspond to the naide dlametors of pipe as given in ASME B96.10M for Standard Wall Pipe. Standard Wall dimensions are the same a8 Schade 40 In alzes NPS 10 and emaler, Tolerances in pare. 7.5.2 apply. These bore elzes are furnished unless otherwise apectid by the purchaser. ‘COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers TIS lra/Spex technology and imeges copyriht () IHS 2003PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS (01) pus (9) so¥0N 00s {6) put (| s=1ph 00s {2} pus (9] spn 00g STD.ASME Blb-S-ENGL 159 MM 0759670 0579452 Obb mm © ‘ASME 816.5-1096 (S3SSV19 ONLLVY 3UNSSIud THY ‘SINIOP ONM NVHI UIHLO) -,SONIOVA 4O SNOISNEWIG _¥3TEVi (3) 81 obs, COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engincers 14 Inra/Spextechnolagy and images copyright c) IHS 2003‘ASME 816.5-1096 STD-ASNE BUb-S-ENGL 1556 MM O759670 0579453 TT2 mw PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS "soyuco ‘uojsuowsp jonueied Jo esnezeq 061 88D of qnordde ou sxe eAoasS pur enBucy 81} pus S200} suo, uD oqous OBIT (2) "sopl0 Uo paylseds esymsoiio ssa|Un pousiiny 0 AB! 806} JO UORUOS postey (6) ‘SaN) peany, yc}207 plspuns (RONEN UEEUELIY LEK PopEaNLL oom pur soy werd a pvstuny ax se en pu YL Su “saupuy uy ove euoysuoUna -310N TWYANID {a..noo) » a1aWi. ciety of Mechanical Engineers COPYRIGHT 2003 gc copyright (c) IHS 2003, i iSTD. ASME BUb-S-ENGL 1996 MM O759670 OS79445 573 mm PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS ASME 8165-1006 END FLANGE FACINGS Flange Thickness and Center-to-End Dimensions lanes 160 and 200 Ad, 85, coe. Note (i | La or oral 25rd ce — " TI ‘orga toce TT turnisconiyon ieee — — = ‘orci order 4 ra F i Sang"! al ¢ Larmor sma °°] Lara or at non I wl fot roo fece i inowon TT EL 5 ina JF Ly i edu Sed | rans Lye | = Sgt, ae, sf | ea nSecu 5 Lara or wrt ‘aac oP ( | | ice TE arate | KINot0 (8 ye vu face "| rail tare | -— erm Kiva seat ister °24 Tonandot ip) | & Note ta | FIG.7 END FLANGE FACINGS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO FLANGE THICKNESS AND CENTER- ‘TO-END AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS*? (Piguce continues on next page: Notes follow at end of Figure} 3 COPYRIGHT 200%; American Society of Mechanical Engineers 114 Ina/Spex technology and images copyright (c) IHS 2003,STD.ASME BLb-S-ENGL 1996 MM 0759670 0579450 293 mm ‘ASME B16.5-1996 PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS IND FLANGE FaciNGs Fou Tho nearest iene ios dba ger ai ten sla per ete Mc Reiss aa ea Seta ES otenindies OH | aa {ote (1) furnished t gmat fra toce Sena [fe ear cter sel I To i Cc oa eee eins 0.26 raised face os F- ‘Large or sail eeveaeeeit weal eee ae | ter” TY =o Ty 7 ae aaece Sune! ls a I ei ; taeoenen OA] 13 sarm or mat al es ime = sce ion twice eH ¥, rate | oe [eee TS | oe cnowsn | al our me sie | eee] cima Smal mate face “75-] (onend of pipe) J] 8 oH, KK, Late, === [Wows (1), (2) Nolet FIG.7_ END FLANGE FACINGS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO FLANGE THICKNESS AND CENTER- ‘TO-END AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS"? (CONT'D) COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers [NI lntra’Spex technology and images copyright) IHS 2003,STD-ASNE BLb-S-ENGL 1996 MM 0759670 057945) 127 me PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS ‘ASME B16. END FLANGE FACINGS Flange Thickness and End-to-End Dimensions Lapped Joints ot fern Maia (al | Nee (on FIG. 7 END FLANGE FACINGS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO FLANGE THICKNESS AND CENTER- ‘TO-END AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS" (CONT'D) NOTES: (1) See paras, 62 and 8.4.1. {2) See Tebles 10,13, 16, 18, 22, 25, and 26. {3) See Table 4 for dimensions of facings {other than rig joint) and Table 5 fr ring joint facing. 14) For small male and femle jolts, care should be takan in tho use of these dimensions to Insure tht the inside diameter of fiting or pipe is small enough to permit suficlant besring surface to prevent the rushing ofthe gasket (See Table 4) This, ‘pplies pariculety on tines where the joint is made on the end ofthe pipe. Threaded companion flanges for emall male and re furnished with plain face and are threaded with American National Stndard Lockni Thread (NPSL), aces and large tongue and groove are not applicable to Class 160 because of potenal dimensional i (9) See pare. 64.25 and Table 5, 35 COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Mechanical Engineers IHS InvaSpex technology and images copyright (c) IHS 2003,STD-ASME BDb-S-ENGL 2956 Ml 0759670 0579473 890 om PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS ASME CLASS 200 PIPE FLANGES, AND FLANGED FITTINGS Point neigh (Note (11) Flanged Fieting ‘Stud Bote With Nuts TABLE 11_ TEMPLATES FOR DRILLING CLASS 300 FLANGES? 8165-1096, | 7 z 3 * = ° 7 = 2 Tanah of Bok (5) Dritting 1(9)411 L 1 aching Outside Seu ott (1 Bots Diameter | Diameter | Diameter ot o ot | number | olameter | 006 in. 008 i. Fang | Bot | oot C7 at | aed | Ring | Raleed | cide | wolea_| setts | cote | "Face | soit | “Pace 375 262 0.62, 4 % 250 3.00 225 4.82 328 0.75 4 % 3.00 350 2.50 4m | 380 | os ‘ gf 90a aso a2 5 | ae | om ‘ as | a | bs er | 4s | ae ‘ ee | Be asele | canoe [taco GG 850 500 075 % 3.50, 400 | soo | th TBO 5B 0.88 % 4.00 450 325 3 a | sez | ose x | a2 | tas | 360 3% 9.00, 7.28 0.88 % 425 5.00 375 ‘ woo | 5a | ome % | 4% | so | ae 11.00 9.25 0.88 8 a 525 A256 1250} 082 | 038 2 % sso | 435 00 —} 100 —} — 1 1 7 ea | 276 veo | isa | uae 6 A er | eso zoso | t738 | ts % % 735 | 876 “ zo | 22 | 12 20 % 16 25.60 22.50 138 2 Ms 1’ 28.00 2475 1.38 co Me 2 soso | aro | te Pr ve 24 36.00 32.00 1.82 4 M4 n COPYRIGHT 2008; American Society of Mechaniel Engineers THIS Inre/Sper technology and images copyright €) IHS 2003STD-ASNE B1b-S-ENGL L996 MM O759670 0575474 727 mm ‘ASME B16.5-1008 PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS TABLE 11 (CONT'D) GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are In inches. Notes: 11) Length of stud bok does not include the height ofthe points. See pars. 6.10.2. {2) For otter dimensions, see Tables 12 end 13. (2) For fange bolt holes, see pera (4) For spot facing, see pera. 6.8. (5) Bolt lengthe nt shown In Table are determined In accordance with Annax F. S09 pare 6.10.2 ‘COPYRIGHT 2003; American Society of Meshanicel Engineers HS lnrfSpex technology and images copyright (c) HS 2003STD-ASME Bib-20-ENGL 3998 MM 0759670 Ob1b9SS Obs mm (METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES. ‘ASME B16:20-1998 ue PL San “009 S819 een) ¢ SUN UOMO. % JNU S8BU0N Oop EEE OU Ox BIeUL mip epraino Bu, Ouvaiveo 24 151g San UBnon Y, SdN 10) 800 0-0! 500s Pz SaN onan Or S3N 20 fu SoD ae SeN Woman 4, Ss Bowery ae 50,08 peunseaus ‘609 OF 81 2 “sOed snojand wo BuuurBed sone leny {Ws Aq Buy Superses yo seeweia ePIEND ‘S3ONV1d S918 SWSY HLIM G3SN S13NSVD GNNOM-TwuldS HOd SNOISNAWIC 6 3T8VL. 16 COPYRIGHT 2004; American Socity of Mechanical Engineers 114 incuSpex technology and images copyright (c) IHS 2008STD-ASME BUb-20-ENGL 1998 MM O759b70 Ob1L557 930 mi METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES ‘ASME 81620-1996 “yobsei pue 08 SAN #00URy 006 sen ou eve e0KL (5) "Ur S010 #109 San WBnauin 9¢ Sat 20} souezs}o oun pue “Ul EDO 8 ¥e SAN YBMOIKA 2 SQN 20} soUNH0}O U0 yeod “(el ei pue gZe eed 068) gy GUN WOMas Gz SaN ‘s639e8 00g BID DUE HayseD 2AL4 Ie 10) pestabas axe eBuy setuey gova ancy ssn cong anya mz San gO aN nBLAL Ya 48 ANY "ZL 01961 00s ‘svoxseB punon 3 Bujpnouy ou vexse® eu 3 UoALod 24 oy Go 6) © © @ wm smeumg mewnG seuRIG seURG sNBUIG sesuING see PIED OPIN epreUL eI. ePRUL epIEINO ‘su un Suey HO weve aupeweo i006 sesia oo or I Co sD SADNV1d V Salas C¥9LG SWSY HLIM G3SN S13xSVD GNNOM-TWuldS YOd SNOISNAWIG 01 31eVL COPYRIGHT 2004; American Society of Mechanics! Enginscrs 1S InwaSpex technology and insges copyright (c) IHS 2004STD-ASME B2b-20-ENGL 1958 MM 0759670 Ob1b9S4 12] mw METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES ‘ASME 816.20-1998 175 in. tek (CK (0.197 in.-0.191 In thiek ‘COPYRIGHT 2004; American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1H InealSpes technology and images copyright (IHS 2004STD-ASNE Blb-20-ENGL 2998 MM O75970 ObUL9S TTY am ‘ASME 816.20-1998 METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES NOWWULSNTH OF STAVE Jesup opyene Bu Buveweg sowie 1900 aa ae Nog @0UR89)) serowep opysino wys05) al ueoD J21ouleip open) 94609 eyueiddy 110 neu vena Suro Co Lgl Y: Gi SZ Al ZB uy Buvewveg — ‘COPYRIGHT 2004; American Society of Mechanicl Eagnoers 1118 incaSpex technology and images copyright (c) HS 2008MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 e@ ‘TABLE 25.1 GASKET MATERIALS AND CONTACT FACINGS? Gasket Factors m for Operating Conditions and Minimum Design Seating Stress y Gasket Min. Design Facing Stetch Factor Seating Sires», and Column Gasket Materia 7 pal (MPa Sketches In Table 25.2 Seltenerazing types (0 Hogs, ali, elastomer, eter 0 oo pasel types corslered a eealing) Eaton wit re oh pcr fee fr ow 7 sere Seren oso ow LD mannnne, JR orb Shon Coroner to wan eh ea ‘Asbestos with ual binder for eperating contin: in 3.2m thick 200 2,600.0) un (2.6 me) te 275 3,700 (26 ge Im (08 me ck . 3.50 {500 45) 9),09,00,00, (28); Column Ela th cto ae etn as me TD twanaene, (408); Column hans hate a rt oth ot q cs oly 225 2,200 5) aw) , amapa9ns, ay 280 29000) —_ “(89 Coie 1 1 as swan QS Veseabe Ser . 2,10 4) LD wawaone, (4193; Cun Th 20,000 69) Corrupted mel asbestos inserted, or cerunaed metal, Tact bests es: ‘of akin 2,500 0) Soft copper or brass 3,700 126) SED ites ors se ‘ seo on, Mone! oF 494-64 chrome 5,500 (38) ep Sinks set and ice be als 500 45) (a,b); Colamn2004 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1 TABLE 252 e@ GASKET MATERIALS AND CONTACT FACINGS? (CONT'D) ashe Fars or Open Conta ae mim Design Sey Ses Wi, Dee cote Sut Fac Sete Feet seem ot ten batt ater a seeaes we 2 Caraga ma ‘Soft ahumioure 275 3,700 (26) LP Soh coer oes re wanes ieee ee awamacae, lt ee Pret Sie car na tao ws Peet a pe a Sot copper or brass 350 650045), ss ne toner el 3s Sone awamasy Monel 350 6.00688) S eae tos tens 33 Soon SEs Suet tae se rte creo mt por — ee pe pete) dn foresee 3h teown nn) Vel ea drone edn si cela roy ee sens Soft alumina 400 sco Qa Sut cme as sees ae.ana0,39, i ae Re ioahe MEIC ame i Beas an Bolla ate eae as Raa ing joi ron o sf see 26,000 124) Monel or 4%-6% chrome 21,800 150) (6 Clan t Slanes stels and nckeLboe alloys 26,000 (80) NOTES: (2) This Table gies ast of many commonly uted gasket materials and contact facings with suggested design values of andy that have ‘generally prove satstatory in actu! service when using efectve gasket seating width Given n Table 2-52. The design vals and eter ‘etals ven inthis Table ae suggested only and are not mandatary. (2) The surtace ofa paste having a lap should ot be agai the mun‘MANDATORY APPENDIX 2 e vusue 252 EFFECTIVE GASKET WIDTH* Basie Gasket Seating With by Fac tech Cuoperte Colmer Clee in) gids ‘Widdapaaia moa me 7 * # # ? fs © aE ee ‘See Note (1) N | : te | co : | wan wet (wan wet (wen, rand Tie a er gieghin y T ‘See Note (1) Per wesw cd } hid wen wean Yaa in (044 mm} nubbin me FR wen rc) bud “Ye in. 10.4 mm nubbir u Ea ten ws eles ) —4 aw _ ® ve e@ ‘Soe Note (1) tral 5 Tggpaee 4 See Nota (th ‘ 6 . 353