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TJIABA 9 METOJbI CAHTESA 3BYKA VU NPOFPAMMHBIE UHCTPYMEHTbI Bam neo6xomuMo oBnaneTs MporpaMMibiMu UHeTpyMertamn, éc711 TOKO PEI He orpartH= xupactech HeKHOUTeMbHO BByKOZAICbI, Mbl HaXtieM Co ailakoMeTBa ¢ cymlecrByIoULHM MetolaMu ciiiTesa aByka — KkaK C TeMHl, KoTOpHe Gasupyl0rest Ha HCTIOMSOBAKEH OU(ypO- BaltHDIx sanHceit OOpaation peadmbribIx 3BYKOB, TAK 1 ¢ TeMul, KOTOSIe COsaIOT 110-HacrosmMeMy “uckycernenubiii” yk. Barem Mbi OcHOBaTeNBHO pasGepeMes, Kakoe 3HaTeHMe 3TH MeTOABI cunresa uMeIoT 114 UMhpoBO! MySbIKH Ha MpaKTHKe — GysIs TO Bcero MHI) HeHOmbIOBAHHe M peslakTHpopasine ycraHOBOK GuOmMOTeK O6pasioB SByKOB WIM COsAAHHe COGCTHEHEBIX Ca- Knovespie Bonpocp! Meron! cunresa ssyka 4 nporpaMMible HHCTpyMeHTBI Mul pacomorpvm Teopitio cuiTesa sayka n ee NpHMeHeHHe Ha NpaKTUKe. @ Kak c nomoubio cnHTesatopos cosqanats 4 HacTpaieats sByuaHve ™ Pagnntitbie meTombl cuHTesa: YTo OHM Cool npemcTaBnsioT, KaKe No xa- pakrepy aByaHina SByKn OHM COSAAIOT M KaKMe HS HUX NYYUIe BCerO NODXO- AAT 218 peuleHMa pasHeIx MysbiKANbHbIX 3ana4 Pa6ora c rorosbiMn BapvaHTamn sayyanns (GuOAnoTeKH 38yKOB) Mm Kak caenare packnanky no knasvatype Camnsios 4 HaGopos yAapHbIx MHCT- PyMeHTOs AIA BbIPAsMTeNbHOrO, peanncTM4ecKOro UcnOnHeHNA ™ Tunbi KoneGanuii, vcnonbsyemble Aaa MwmTauWn sBy¥aHNA aHanoroBLix cniTesatopor, M xapakTep SByYaHNs CoafaBaeMOrO MMM 3ByKa ™ Vcnonusosanve oruGaiounx, Monynsunn W adKitbIe TAPMOHMUHBIe CFPYKTYPEI. Camresatop — 910 sn06oii mysuicabubtit mcrpymeH, artiaparaprit vam mporpassenbtii, cosmaiomuik seyx suexrpominana cpenctRamu no KoManvia, HOCTyMarontAM OF HCTOAIHHTe:E. Bxogune Komanyist Moryr nocrytiats Ha BXOs clstTesaTopa B BU;e ToTOKa MIDI-coo6mennii, 418 THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTE3A 3BYKA Mf IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMENTSI cbopmmpyewnrx MIDI-Konrpommepom kranniarypot B mponecce ueriomiexHs, uum cexsencepom B Mpottecce Bocnporanerenua nopoxku MIDI-sanucu, vs rexeparopom puTMop, HIM s10- ObiM HHbIM ynpABIAIONUUM MexaltHisMoM, CHHTesHpOBaHHbII ayHOCHTHaN MOxkeT CosqaBaTs Kak cORepIIeHHO HeecTeCTBeHHOe SByYaHKe, TAK M NOTpAMMiTyIO HMAETALUHIO SByYaRMA Ha- crosnuero opxectpa. (Tepmu “ciitesarop”, kak mpapiuio, notpasyMenaer, 410 HosbgoBaTeTE HMeeT BOSMOXKHOCTS PeaKTHPORATH CHHTESHDORAHHDIE SBYKM B ITMPOKIX MpEsLesAX, HIMEHSIA Hacrpollk MHOxeCTBa NapaMeTpos cHiTeaa, OuexrporHbtik HHCTPyMeHT, RocTporsRonsUT ‘TONDKO bUKCUpOBAHHbIe SBYKM, OOBITHO He CUNTAeTCA CHHTesATOPOM.) ‘Mexannam cuniresa anya, peammayembtii CHiTesaTOpoM, SABHCHT OT MeTOxA MOjesIMpOBA- His 9BYKa, 9a102eHHOTO B-Hero. SBYK MOXET OBIT CHHTESHPOBAH TyTeM KOMOMHALUK SamtA- caHHDX aymMoo6pasiiop SByYAHIA PeaTbHbIX HHCTPyMeHTOB (90, 1O-BHUMOMY, B Goubutedi Mepe OTHOCHTCA K YSKOCHEMNAAUSMpORAMIIEIM MHCTPyMeHTaM, MMUTHpYIONUM. snysaHHe TIMaHHHO MH OPKECTPOBHX MHCTPYMeHTOR) HH MYTeM TeHepMpORAHHs 1 OOpAGOTKH au1eMeH- ‘TapHBIX KosIe6aHMii, HIM C TOMOUTEIO Hd)POBBIX MeTONOB. Cuntresavopbi HasbiBal0T eMule BUPTYA/MbEBIMH MHICTpYMerTaMH (9TO HasBaHHe acto He~ nlombsyetes it CHHTesATODOB, HMATHPYIOMUX sByYaHMe akYCTUCKUX HHCTPYMeHTOB, HTH crenmamMsupoBanHprx uajesuil, TAKUX, HalIpHMep, kak av1eKTpoHHoe finan1H0). Coser. Jly4e ecero uayyaTb TexHonoriio cuHTesa sayka Ha npaKtiike ¢ moMo- Uybio Kakoro-n160 MIDI-nicTpymeHra, NOSBONMOUIeTO MOMONHETS MySbIKy Ha CHH- Tesarope, Cambiii pacnpocTpaeHHbii MIDI-nHeTpyMeHT — 9T0, noHaTHOe Jeno, MIDI-knasvarypa, nostomy & JaHHOM rnaBe, May4aa BONPOCH CHHTesa SBYKA, MbI B kavecTee mHcTpymeHTa Beona MIDI-aaHHbix Oyfem UcronbaoBaT» MMeHHO ee. Ho, Kak Mbi yKe FOBOPUAN B raze B, Bb MOXETe MCONbIOBaTe MOO! UHCTPYMeHT, ocHalleHHEi MIDI-korTponnepom. Mostomy, ecnn abt urpaere Ha MIDI-rurape, MIDI-tpyGe nu MIDI-axkopaeoue, uenonnaytire ux eMecTo MIDI-Knasvatypil. B kakux BapwaHtax UCNONb3yIOTCA CUHTeSAaTOpbI Tiporpamatre cHeTesaropsr ucnompayioTcs 21160 B BapHaltte ABTOHOMEBIX IpHIOKeHni, aun6o b BapuanTe noAKMOYAeMDIX Monenei (MHOrHe NPorpaMMubie uAcTpyMeHTEI MoryT pa6o- Tatb R OGonx Bapuiaitrax). [Ip HerlomSoBaNMM nporpamnsioro crnTesATopa B haputalite aBTo- HOMHOTO TIpHsOxKeHNs Ha ero BxOy HoctynaiotT MIDL-aambie, a BErXoMHOH aynMocHTHaN no- crynaer B aysuomnrepdetic Komiotepa, B pexume romciovaemory Mody UporpaMMeDitt cunresatop paGoraer B cocTape HenomssyeMoit paSoueli crantum tu>powoit ssyxosanucn (DAW). Bee MIDI-curwams, kak BHeULIHe, Tak SamACAHEbIe B LOPOXKe, HasHaveHHotl cmHTesaTopy, mepe- Aalores pabouelt crarnueii p cumtesarop. Botxouoll ayauocurHan cumvesaTopa HampaBaneTcst Yepes Mukinep paouelt craHIMH, re ero MoxHO OOpaGoTarb pasHbiMu adbeKTaMHt H axKe sallicarb, peobpasovap B UMdpoByio opMy, B BHe HOBO! NOpOARKH ayAMOBATUCH. Tlocsre “saxnara” — coajanust samen ayqHOCHTHalta, HOCTyMaOMtero ¢ BHIXOAA CHETeZATO- pa, paGoraiomero B BapHaitre TojICHOAeMOrO MOmyAK — CHETesATO MOxHO BBIBeCTH 13 cO- crana pa6oxeli cram, rockoaIBKy nocme STOTO-B HEM Yoke HeT HeOOXOLMMOCTH. Muorne paGowe cramp uuposoii seykosanucn (DAW) koauuiextyores HaGopaMit uporpanamubtx cinrresaropon. Kpome Toro, MoxHO AO6aBHTs HOBKIe CHHTeSaTOpHI CTOpOHHUX paspaSorunxos B BapHalre noqKMOuAeMEIX Mogyzeil. Conpaxxerme c paGowuMn cranuMaMn uucposoit spyxosanucn (DAW) apyrux npwioxenuii, n cocrape KoToppIx mpexycMorpentt cunresaroppt (warmpumep, Propeller-head Reason, www.propellerheads.se), xora oHm WHE sIRISIOTCA TOTKMOWEMBIMH MOAY IMM, JULI HCHOMSORAHHA HX B_KaYecTBe Mporpamnprx Tapa 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA HM IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 419 HHCTPYMeHTOB, Moxer 6uIT peamH3oBaHO ¢ HOMOIIDIO TexHonorHM Re Wire. Bit Moxere TaK- 2Ke cosTAnATH COBCTREHABIE TPOrpaMMHBIe MHCTPYMeHTE, MCTOMAys MORY.BHBIE MPOTpaMMter quna Max/MSP xowmanma Cycling '74 (www.cycling74 .com), Native Instruments Reak- tor (www. native-mstruments .com) u Synthedit (www. synthedit .com). B aol rane mor A714 ynpomlenuia saaun OrparuyEMca, TaBHBIM o6pasoM, paccMoTperH- ‘eM MporpaMMunix peulenmli, xora GoABMINHCTRO US OGeyaMAeMEIX Jasee HPHNHHNOB cipaBeyt- ‘{1MBO B paBHoit Mepe M JUIs anTapaTuBtx cpeycrs. OcHoBHoe passIMuHe gakcmOYaeTes B NOsIL3O- BATeIDCKOM WNTepdelice, XOTA HEKOTOPHIe KAABMaTypHI MpodeccroriawHoro ypoBAA ye ‘ocHamarores KpymodopMarHsma JKK-okpavamn, 1 HaoGopor, mporpaMMubie CHHTesaTopst oGnervalor ucnombs0BaHHe almapaTHux opraxos ynpasieHuia, TaK “70 zwKe 9TO pasauNe noctenento crapaeres. OnemeuTbi natTua CuHTesaTopa Bonmane or akycraseckx mictpymertos, Hampamep muaxmno uni kaay (kaz0o), Korvta Bt HamkuMaere onHY TY 2ke ABUIMNY, SBYK, KOTOPDIli CosslaeT CHIHTesaTOp, MOxXeT OBIT COBepIIEHHO pasnnin: 910 sasiicirr o7 HacrpoeK — sHaveHtiti naopa satamaeMbix apamerpos cutmesatopa. Jlo- Gusimnic nyrem Koppextm aHaveHHii pasHooSpasiiErx napaMerpos onpeerenHoro xapakrepa SBYYaHMA, STH HacrpoliKM MOXHO COXPaHNTb B BHZIe crpyrmponanHoro HaGopa Hactpoex. Ta- ‘oii na6op HasbiBaeTca nporpaMMoil (program), ycTaHoBkaMu (preset) WH aT4em (patch). B raaze 8 Mbt OGbsICHHJH, Kak KOHUEMIA mporpamMel Tpaxtyetca B MIDI-rexnoxormu. ‘Tepmanst “nporpamma” (program), “yeraionxu” (preset) u “nar” (patch) 8 oGmem cnyyae paaumogamensemni, Host bees STHMH TepMITHaMt MOHHMAeTCs 3anMcb ompenenenHOro HaGopa HHCTpyMeHTasIbHBIX HacTpoeK, KoTOpHIe OGecnerMBaIOT ompentesteHHBIE xapaKTep say yaHHs Me- SIOMMH, cHumTesupyeMoit B Mpotiecce urpBI Ha MIDI-usicrpymente (puc. 9.1). B mporpamnnom cunTesatope 9TH Hacrpoiixn xpansires B Bue chaiita Ha 2%ecTKOM ;UCKe Balle KOMMIbIOTEpa. Eco naran 6asupyiores 11a ucriomaonarnn ayqMooOpasiiog, TO B HX XpaHATCs U ayzMostaltiibte WIM ykasaTenb Ha Onpenenenubtii aymmodaiin, TakcKe xpanauutiica Ha 7KecTKOM UCKe. B cnyyae cumiTesaTopa, He ucrOmayiontero santcarHble aysiuooOpaste!, Nar mpes{cTananer coGoli upocTo GailHch acTpoeK, KOTOPEIE ObecrleuMMBAIOT oMpeLeeHHBIH XapakTep sByYaHHA HNeTpyMeHTa. Tlanee no rexcty nom TepMuHoM “nara” Mii Gyslem noHMaT® HaGop onpetexemmsrx sttaveruit 1a- crpanmaeMerx riapaMerpos, a craivapTiiie, sajtanHbte no ymomaammo (factory), Narn, wHcTas “uipyeMnie B cocrave l1porpaMMusix CHitresaTOpOB, Mbt GysteM 1asitBar> YcrastoBKaMut (preset). ‘Onna ua “naiomunok” HcTIOmBgORAHUA CulTesaTOpa saKIOYaeTCH B-BOSMOxHOCTH BEIGOpA aria 111 nporpamMBt 3BYKa B COOTBETCTENN C TEM, KaKOit XapaxTep 3BY'aHUT HEOOXOTEMO oGecnesurs, [pontece coamatins aBTopcKux mporpaMM Yacto HasbIBalOT porpaMMHpOBAHHeM cumresatopa (3a HCKONeHHeM O4eHD peIKHX cTyYaes MPOrpaMMupowaHue CHHTesaTopa O3- pavaer He coctansenne KaKoii=To mporpaMMst, a MpOcTo peakTHpoBatine lapaMerpos B Tlar4e). Camonenbubie naTan Cymteersyior pasiinie naparirst ucrossonaHHa TextOuOrHK cHuTesa sBykKa Ha mpakTuKe. (Ogu sapmanrr — venoxssonarb crariiapTHbte YeTaHOBKH M3 KOMILIeKTa CUltTegaTopa, POCTO 3a- IpyKasT HX Ma CHHICKa W He sa6oTACH O HagHANeHHM KHONOK H perysstTopoR. B jelicrsrres1bHOCTH 510 cammii TyuMIMTt crioco$ OcBoeHHA BOsMOxHOCTeli CHHTesaTOpa, a ECM BAM BCErO~TO i HYKHO, 4TO HTpaTb Ha BUPTYAIbHOM MHAHHO, TO y BAC, BOIMOKHO, H 2KeNAHHIA He BOSHUK- HeT MaMeHATS eTo CTaHMapTHble Hacrpoitic. 420 TiaBa 9. METOAbl CHHTESA 3BYKA MH I1POPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTBI mr Puc. 9.1. flpunoxerve SoundSchool Analog “konupyer” annaparHeit WHCTPYMeHT B TOM, “TO naT4M xpaHsirca B OUKCKPOBAHHbIX sYeviKaX NamaTy. B npnnoxennn SoundSchool nary HasbisaeToa cimmKom (snapshot), nosToMy Ha rnasHo# marenn MHCTpymeHToa umeeTcs nukrorpamma doroKamepe! (He noxasaya). Eon sanac cB0G0AHbIx seek (slot) 8 akTusHor rpynne (active bank) ucuepnaH, Bbl MOxeTe NepeliTu B Apyryio rpynmy, NOsTO- ‘MY Bal BO3MOXHOCTH He orpaHuyexs! 128-10 s4eriKaMH, nokasaHHemn Ha @ororpadun. Tonbko nocne sasepilie- Hua paGoTb! He sa6yqbTe BbINONHMTs KOMaHAY FilesSave All Banks. Mockonbky pa6owve AanHble cuHTesaTopa xpansiTca 8 OfepaTHBHOA naman KoMNeIOTepa, eC He aT KOMAHAY COXPaHiTb vx Ha XECTKOM AMCKE, TO BCE BHECEHHBIe BAMN USMeHeHNA OyAYT NOTeDAHEI Ho, kak mpabusio, y nombsoBaTeselk paxio Himit NosmHO RosHitKaer »xestaHHe OTKOppeKTHpO- Barb CraHmapruble Haran — uyTb-YyTs HIM Gonee panmkamHo. Hanpumep, yeraronkn o6ec- Te4MBAIOT CAMIKOM COWHOE SBYYaLHe, HB 9TOM CyTYYae KOPPeKUMHA Mapaverpon ¢usteTpa Tlosnoaser peur npoGsieMy. BOSMOAHO, BbI SaXOTHTe He IIPOCTO HAMCHHTD Te HUH HEbIe Ha- CTPOHiKH, a NOGABUTh KaKHe-To appexTHI, B peaysATaTe Nero XapakTep SByYaHMA MCTpyMeHTa cranler conepuiento apyriin. TAABA 9. METO[bI CHHTESA 3BYKA M 1POLPAMMHBIE AHCTPYMEHTDI 421 Bo muornx cziyuasx npoute cosa nary “c Hyan”, KoMHoHYs HeOOxoqUMOe sBy¥aHHe 13 Gagonbix 91eMeN1TOB, 1M KOPpeKTHPOBATb CrasLlapTHEIe YCTAHOBKH, B KOTOpHIx CoGpaxia Macca omit. B atom carysiae ysuie omHocTbI0 3a6bITb 0 CrartapTHEIX yeTAHOBKAN. Hesasncuno or toro, Kakoit Bapuartr Bat RbiGepere, paspaGoralnitbte naMm BapHartTbt SBysa~ HMA 1 COOTBETCTEYIOMUNe HM HACTpOHKH HeOHXOAIMMO COxpaHKIT, HTOGHI HET BOSMORKHOCTH HeroxE30Rar» UX B jambHelieM. Jia sTOML eM B IporpaMaDIx cuisTesaTOpAX, KAK TIPABHLIO, ipeayemorperiby, Kak MUHHMyM, Hexorophie 3 yHKui ynpanserius cbaivrancr maT @ Load (sarpyaurs). Mpa sarpyske narsa sce aynvoo6pasit H HacTpoiiKu, paHee 3a- rpyxeunnie B porpasory (vutH, B cy'iae MyzbTITeMOponoTO CHATesaTOpa, Te, KOTOPEIE uchombayiores B naprii HHCTpyMenta, BSIOpaHHolk 1x sarpy3KH aHHOTO TaT¥a), 3a- MeHMOTCA HOBBIMH, XPAHAMTMMHCA B 3arpyxkaeMoM marae. Jlo Tex Hop, HoKa HH OAH Tava He sarpyxxeH, cuiresatop He cHlocoGeHt CosaBATD 9BYK, XOTA B Dale cHIITesATOPOB TIpM sanycKe TpoHsRONTCH aBTOMaTHMeckas SarpysKa CraHmapTHoro narwa. @ Saye (coxpaii). [lo stoit Kowarire Bee akTHBHBIe aByKIC H_HacTpOlikH aHHOHt Nap ‘THM COXpansnores! B 3arpy>KeRHOM Marie (T.e. MATH TlepesalIHcBIBAeTCs) HIM B HOBOM aT- ue. (Oneparimpinie slamiiie w HeKoTOpsIx MHCTPyMeHTax, B TOM wuicze B SoundSchool, xpa- nea » O3Y, a ve wa 2xecTKoM mucKe. B 9TOM cayyae Moxker GxrT> rIpenyemorpeHa oma coxpanenua dbaiivia narua Ha %KeCTKOM HCKe.) ™ Create basic/empty patch (cosnatp aarorosky naria/smetbii nary). Bo mHornx cumTesaropax npesyeMotpenia Mycrast aaroTOBKa Tara CO BCeMH OGHY.[eHHBINH. Ha- Crpoiixama wan BosMoxtocrs cosnanis TaKoll “MHCTOH saroTOBKH. 310 ocoGenso YyqOOHO AAs COs;ALLUA SByIANTAA Ha CraHLIApTHBIX SMeMeHTOB, TAK KaK H3GaBsLAeT OT HE- ObxouMMOCTH pasOupaThcA B MHOKEcTBE BCTDOeHHBIX aXbbexToB u dutsrpow. Same~ THM, 4TO B HENOTODHIX cHHTesATOpAX ¢ HestbIO sPKOHK AeMONICTPANHMM Hx BOBMOxHOCTEH i paapaboravcn saaiot B KaveCTBe CTaHApTUbIX KAKHE-HHOYMb MpWIyATHBLIe YCTAHOB- it, Hampimep, b npustoxerti SoundSchool Analog, Koropoe mbt vichostbayeM B kae~ crne npmuepa & jarnoit riape, Toxke ecrb Taxoii nary, “45 — My Default”, sanaiouiii 10 ; YMoNWaHMO 3Ha4eHHA MHOTHX WacTpoeyHEIX MapaMeTpoR, HovTOMy ave HO TeKcTy Mui, IpHCTyTIAs K Coswaiio BapHiarrra anysant “c Hy.1a”, OysIeM HeMONssOBAT ynpO- lenHbIe YCTaHOBKH. Duplicate (coajars komo). Io atoll komane cosmaercs HoBaA KOrIIIA uareromterocs aria, sro ael BOIMOKHOCTS, PEAKTHPYA TAT, COXPaHHTh HEHSMEHHbIM CTO OPHTH- nansubit aii. 310 yx06H10 B TOM cmyae, ECM RAM MOCTOAHHO NPUXOAMTCA peHaKTH- popars uMewoulees Tarun. ECs n MCHOmpsyeMOM BaMH CHHTesaTOpe TaKast OTIS OT- cyToTByeT, BAI MOXKETe HpOCTo OTKpEITs UMeIOUUMicA MATE HM coxpalHTS ero MocE penaicrHpoRaHtti 110j{ APYTHM UMEHEM. Organize (ynopayowrts). Bo Muorux cmresaTopax mpeayeMorpena HosmoxtocTs karastornaaiun naTseii no nankast wm rpyrniam (mpumep TaKoit ¢alinonoit crpysrypEt moxasaut Ha pue. 9.2). Ho cpanrtertito c xpaniennem Beit mHdopMauiin B oAHOM THTaHT- KOM crluicKe maruell, B KOTOpoM He Tax mpocto HaliTH HeoGxoquMBili BapHanT sByda- nu, 9T0 Gou1bilIOe AOCTOMHETHO.. 422 Taapa 9. METOMbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMEBIE MHCTPYMEHTHI > [2% imports y GF Lounge Lizard >» [Haas y (Fl Experimental @ A Mouse In My He @ Galapagos Bass @ Turte Bells y GF Misc y @cto @ Banana Piano @ Cantaloupe Pit @ Coconut Pianc @ Patatoe Piano @ Pinapple Piand @ Plain Piano @ Popcorn Piano @ ThinPiano | @ organic 2a @ Piing Pling @ Rmi2a @ Soft Sound @ Sustain Kling Puc. 9.2. Mounoxexne Lounge Lizard Komnanun Applied Acoustics npeanasHaveHo, no cyuwiecray, ANA peamusaynn BCerO OfHOTO MHCTpY- Menta — anexrpoHHoro nvannHo. Ho BOSMOXHOCTS ynOpaHOYeHHOrO XpaHeHns CTaHAaPTHEIX M NONbSOBATEMbCKHX YCTAHOBOK 8 KaTanorax MMopKaTanorax NOSBONAeT COXPAHATS UM BbIsbIBATS MaccHBb! Palinos, B KOTOpLIX xpaHitTon nio6oe Marielle USMeHEHHe HACTPOEK, He 3any- ‘TbIBaAC B OFPOMHOM CriicKe YoTaHOBOK Towemy natan HasbiBaioT naT¥aMn Tepsbie atanorosbie cnHTeaaTopsl HacTpaleanuc Ha anaHHbili xapakTep sBy4a- HUA NYTEM MexKGOYHON KOMMYTALIAM MHOxeCTBA YHKLMOHANbHbIX Mossel CHH- TegaTopa C NOMOUIbIO MeXGNONHbIX KaGeneli— Tak HaabIeZeMbIX naT4-KOpoB (patch cord). Mockonsky 8 To Bpema He Obi0 nporpamMHbix cpeacTe ANA xpaHe- HMA Pa3HbIX BaPMAHTOB KOHGurypaumu, y My3bIkaHTOB He Gbino Apyroro Bbixoga, KpoMe Kak SarlOMMHaTS WM SanncbisaTe anpecalinio XuTpocnneTeHnA KaSeneli, KOTOPLIMM OHM COeAMHSINH GrioKn. TaKas “KOHCTpyKuNA sayKa” Gtina B OyKBANSHOM ‘cmbicne sToro cnoBa naT¥eM — nayTMHOM NpoBONOS, KoTOpas OGecne4MBana on- PeneneHHbiit Xapakrep sBy4aHina cuiTesaTopa. TaaBA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA HM I1POFPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTDI 423 Morne 13 HactpoeHHbnx napamerpop, ¢ nloMomtbio KOTOpEIX BbI ByseTe KoppeKrupowars Deak pa6oTbt CHHTesaTOpA, ABMIAIOTCA JOKAMBITBIMH TaT1aMM, MpeMHasHaveHHBIMM 231s pea~ JNsANMK OTieTBHOH MporpaMMbl sByKa, B MysbTHTeMOpOBHIX HHCTpyMeNTax HecKOsTEKO OT ACNbHBIX TpoTpaMM sByKa OObeMMHAIOTCA B Goee KpynHyIO enmHMMy, B TAK HaspiBaeMbtii MYIGTHATS WI KOMOMMUPOBARKBIA NaTY— Mari, B KOTOPOM XpaxATeA, HanpyMep, mpo- TpaMMBI JByKa NHANHO u Gac-rHTApH WK HOAUdoUNA pasiLL sByKoB. Penaxruponarue KOMGHEMDOBAHHOTO HATHA OcyMIeCTANSICTCA, KAK HPABILIO, B OTAEMDHO! GOHE HapaMeTpoB, He saTparneas nacrpolik mimmBMyambibIX MporpaMat sByKa. B Gosumnicrse cutresatopoB VMeIOTCs 1 TaK HasbIRAeMBIe LIOGAMBHEIe HACTpoiiKM, PAcTIpOCTparisOMHeCs Ha Bee tars, 3a- Tpyrkaewsre B cmerresarop. Tpaxtnueckn po Bcex cmmesaropax mpenyemorpensi, Kak MIMUMYM, (byHInUMH SarpyaKnt H COXpaHens JarHbtx, OnTHMambifast CTpaTernia SKcrlepuMeHTuponaHa c Hactpotikasm cuTe- gaTOpa — Kak MOXkHO Yallle SANlOMHHATS BapHaHTSI HACTPOeK SBYKa, COXPaHAA UX B OTAEMBHOM Karatore, WTOOsI MOZKHO OSUIO B LAMBHEHLIMEM BepHYTHCA K HM H BEIOPATd OHPaBMBMHeCs. Tenepatopst B axyctueckoM MHCTpyMeHTe HCTOUHMKOM 3BYKa ABIACTCH, KaK MpaBHZ10, KaKoli-To OM penenenubrit sneer konicrpyxumm. Y nmanno, rurapsi 4 ckpumku 9To crpysia. Y kaapHera ix caKcodowa aro asbrioK. Y 6apa6asia 9T0 Mem6pania. Dror auemeut BuOpupyer, cosmapad snyK, KorOpsili nom RosnelicrBeM pesoHaHcHBIX cbolicre Kopmyca wxicrpyMertra mperpatttaeT¢s B TOT 3BYx, KOTOPHIfi Mt C:IbIITIN Lexrpansxoif vacroio mo6oro saeKrportoro MyabikamsHoro HNICTpyMexTa sapsiaeres rene parop. Taxux reiepatopos Moxer ObITb HecKombKO (pH. 9.3). B CTO axfazloronoM cHHTe3a- ‘rope renepanop revepypyer Henpeppisubti seKrpuyeckuit cura, KoTopsiii mpeoOpasyercs HeriocpexicrBemio B aByK (7.e. ¢ TOMOMtbI0 aeKTpOAKYeTHTMeCKOrO MpEobpasoBAresia MpeoSpasy- eres B Mexanimeckne Kos1eGarsi). B nu>poBoM citTesatope reHepaTop TenepupyeT uxdposoit curnaz. Y anaioropbix cmurresatopon Ha6op opm reHepupyenbix cHTHasIOB orparmtuett Bos- MORHOCTAMH ssleKTpOHNO! cxeyr. B ruspowbIx CHHTesATOPAX HCTOMAyIOTeH Hove’ COREE HCTpyMenTDt MoxesMponarin ¢bopMbt CHEHaMTa, B TOM UH{cz1e BOSMOXKHOCTH KOMIOKOBKH SBy.Ka M3 sancanHbix ayauooOpasnos. (BuptyambHBte avanorosbie cuTesaTopsl — 910 yMdbpownIe cunresatopsl, KOMApyIomme @opMy cHrHaa, CHHTesHpYeMoro aHANOTORBIMH CHHTesaTOpaMH, Mapyrue mx cbymrnnoniansiste cobeHHOCTH: STY TeMY MbI PACCMOTPHM Za:tee B ATO! T7IaBe.) Sror curnat, 6ygb oF avtanoroBbIM HM M>poRBIM, MOKHO KOMOMHMDOBATS C CHTHaLTANN ApYUx revieparopos, tbustsTpoBaTb, ycuuMBaTD n O6pabarEIBATs Mpoeccopanm adbexToB. Tonoca u mHororonocue Fonocom o6sruno cxmraerca OTAeMbHBIH KaHaI SBYKa B HUCTPyMeHTe; HanpuMep, 4epTaI- pexrosociili cusresarop cui TesHpyer OnHospeMenHo WeTBIpe OTHeNBHBIX SBYKa; ecs1H OnHOli HOTO COOTHETCTBYeT OAUH 3BYK, TO TAKO!i CUIITeSATOp crlOocoGeH HCHONHATS OAKOBPEMeHHO Ye bipe HOT. ViucrpyMentis, cHoco6ipie icons onHOBpeMeHHO HeCKONbKO HOT, HASBIBAIOTCA MHO- TOFONOCHBIMM WIM TowUoHMYecKHMM uHcTpyMenTamu. Ileppbie cHHTesaTopHL, HaMpuMep opurnnastpupiii Minimoog, 6m cnocoOHbI HCHOAHAT TOABKO OnHY HOTY OHOBpeMeHHO; Ta- Kile WCTPYMeHTHI HaspIBAIOTCA OMMOTONOCHBIN ITH MOHO*ONHYECKHMMH HHCTPyMeHTaMH. Xora na MonocbornucckoM MHCTpyMenTe HeBOaMORHO UcTIONHST AKKOPABI, OH BTOMHE TON XOjMT jist nerlomHeNna Benyuteli naprun 6ac- Hm cos0-THTAppr. Miroriie conpemeHtible 110 amibonmveckue mictpyMenTsr MoryT paoTar B MOHOIPOHMECKOM PEKEMe, I BBI MOreTe 424 THaBA 9. METOAbI CMHTESA 3BYKA M IPOTPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTHI Puc. 9.3. eHeparopti — 370 ucTOUHMKM sByKOBOrO\cHr- Hana 8 1000M CHHTesaTOpe, HESABVIGMMO OT TOFO, KaKUM 06pa30m on opMupyior curHan — ucranbsyn ANA 9T0- TO MpeaBApHTeNbHO SanucaHHBe aynnoobpasusl usin curvansi Kakoi-To onpeneneHHolt pope. Ha pororpa- bmn nokasaHa natens cvHTesaTopa MX4 KomnaHHn MOTU: nyrem MuKuuposaHua cHrHanos Tpex BupTyanb- Hex avanoroBkX reHepaTopos curHanos pasniiyHon opel opmupyerca ayavocnrHan, KONMpyOWWAi 3By- yarne, xapakTepHoe ANA annapathex cmHTesaTopoe TpvauatanerHel nasnocta HMMTHpORATS Ha HX parine MoHOdoHUNECKHe HHCrpyMerttHl, HonysLApHDIe B ADKAZOBOIt H POK-MYSbike; YMeHBIIeRHe KONIMecTRa AKTHBHDIX Tox1OcoB MiOroroocHOrO HHICTpyMentra He TOMGSYETCA TAICKE JLIA OMTHMMSALIHM MCHONIOBAHIS BLTMCIMTENBHBIX PecyPCOB KOMTBIOTepa, Tlovemy xe Mbi MpOBONM TpaHUIY Mexay ronocaM 1 TlomMpoHHel, BERD OF, NOXOTKe, menor Gauskuit eMbica? Takoe nonaTHe, Kak “rosioca”, oTHOCHTes K 3BYKAM, aTaKOe TOKAI, 1K “HOMM(OHMA”, OTHOCHTCA K HOTAM — KOMMECTRY KABHILI, HaKHMAeMEIx OAHOBPEMeHHO. Ec kaxxaoit Hore coornererayer oxHH rovl0¢, To 3TH 1Ba TepMuHa osHayaloT o”HO Hi To 2Ke. Ho 001M Kaxk0H4 HoTe CoOTBETCTRYET He OME, a HECKOABKO TOx10COB, TO -HaMIAsOH TomMpOHKH Gy- det Mexbitie Komm4ecraa ronocos. Hanpiep, écaM B YcraHOBKaX satarta KOMMOHODKA KaxOit HOTEL 13 YETDIPEX TOTOCOB, TO BOCHMHTONOCHBITI CHIITeSATOP B PEXUME, 3ATaHHOM STHMH yora- HopkaMn, oGecrexUT TosbKO ABYxHOTHYIO MOmM>oHINO. B GombumcTBe (xOTA Ht He BO BceX) MpOrpaMMUbIX HHCTPYMeHTOR MpenYeMorpexa HosMOXHOCTs satauHA O6uerO — GoxBMTeTO WIM MeHbulero — KosiMYecTEa TosIOCOB. Y@eHbieHHe KOMYECTBA TOLOCOB MORET OKasaTHCA HeoGXO/MMBIM B CIY4Ae HEXBATKH BBICHCTIITEMBHBIX pecypcon Helrpaatbtioro potleccopa. Hactpoiixu BbicoTs! ToHa Kax mpi yoxe ormevazm p raze 8, » MIDI-rexnioaormi oreyrerpyer TaKoe nonaTHe, Kak Bb cora ToHa; Hors npexcrastmoT coGoii mpocto “Nesta, KoTOpEIe cHttTesatop mpeospasyer Baysuukanbunit Tor. Cpe wactpoex, mpenycMorpenibix b tare, Bot waljleve KOMIDIEKCHIe Ha- crpoiincy, saytionne wexarmisM npeo6pasozasiin MIDL-uor » ors onpenetenioli Buicorbt (pac. 9.4). THABA 9. METO{bI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOFPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTSI 425 voices @B) used @ (eunizon! | Puc. 9.4. Tunosele napamerpb! Tova, NokasaHHele Ha Npumepe camnmepa EXS|24 u3 co- craba npanoxerua Apple Logic Pro (www. apple .com/logicpro). Perynaropamn Transpose (tpaxcrioxyposatine), Tune (rpy6as nacTporika) 4 Fine (To4as HacTpolika) 2aaI0T BbICO- Ty Tona, a perynstopom Glide (ckomsxeHNe) — niaBHOe Y3MEHEHHe BbICOTSI TOHA NPM. nepexoe c HoT Ha HOTY. OOpaTHMTe BHUMAHIIe Ha PaCnONOKeHHsIe Ha NaHeNM BBEDXY ne- PeKmouarem legato/mono/poly (nerato/moHo/nonu) 4 HacTpoviKu voice (ronoc), wcnone- SyeMbIe fI8 SaqaHis NOMMOHMYECKOFO PEXMMa H KONMYECTBA VICOMbGYEMbIx FOOCOB Tipocteiimeii us ormx nactpoex simiaetcs Hacrpolika transposition, nosnonsomas 3a- HAT WITepBAT MepeHoca BCEX TOHOB BREPX HII BHMS € LlAFOM B O:TOHA. ITO MoxKeT MpHTO- HUTSCH, HANPHMep, ecsIM HeBell MPOCTYAHICA M He MOKET BBITAHYT BBICOKMe HOTEL, ViHOra 9ToT Hacrpocunbtit napamerp oGostavaeTca Hasbannan “pitch” u “coarse”. Hactpojixa c otctynnenmem or HoTHoro craHa. Cambim ny4luMM pelieHiem NpoGneMbl HACTPOESHEX TAGANY ABNAeTCA ViCrONbsoBAHNe ¢alinos Scala (sByKo- PAA), CTaHAapTHoro @alinosoro opmara, NOMAePkNBAeMorO MHOXKECTEOM Npo- TpaMMHbIX CuHTesaTopos uv fA~@xKe annapaTHbIMu yctpovicTaamy. Jina mMuKpoTO- HanbHOl HacTpolikn ChHTesaTOpoB, B KOTOPBIx OTOYTCTEYIOT HACTPOe4HEIe TAOAN- UbI VB KOTOpHIe HEBOSMOXHO UMNOpTUpORATS chaiinei Scala 8 VHTepHeTe UMeIOTCA, pasHoo6pasHbie GecnnaTHble 4 ycslOBHO-GecnmaTHble yruANTE! AIA MuKpOTOHANb- HOM HaCTPONKH; OHM OGBI4HO BBINONHAIOT MUKPOTOHANbHyIo HacTpoliKy, “nogcTpan- Basch" non KONeco 4aCcTOTHO MonynsuMA — oTcbiaa oT ero MMeHM MIDI- cooGyeHHs C MHcopmauinel 06 MaMeHEHMN BICOTSI TOHA. Uncpopmayns o dainax Scala www.xs4all.nl/~huygens£/scala Ana Mac (LE-sepcus ans OC Windows) Max Magic Microtuner (http: //launch. groups . yahoo. com/group/16tone) ToneKo ana Mac Open Tuning (www. open-tuning. com) Little Miss Scale Oven (www. nonoctave .com/tuning/LilMissScaledven) Ana Windows Algorithmic Arts MicroTone (www.algoart .com/microtone.htm) 426 TaaBa 9. METOMbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M NPOTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTDI Jl1a TouKolt wacrpoliKn B TOW c Apyrum UHeTpyMeHTOM Moxer OBrT MpenycmorpeHa Ha- crpolixa, o6osnaventas Kax “fine” (rounas Hm atatoniaa Hacrpoiixa (master tuning). Dra- aioniHas| Hacrpofixa nelicTByeT, Kak LM>>posoll KaMeproH, HO KOTOpOMY HacTpaMBaeTcA TOHATb- HOCTb HHCrpyNeHTa. (Sta Hacrpolixa HeoOxomuMa He TOKO mpodbecconastam, NOTOMY yTO 1B pagHIbIX CrpaHAX qu01 HACTpOHIKH UCHOMbsyTOTCA pasHble aTaOHHBIe TORE. B CIA, Hampunep, B OpKecrpax HacTpolixy HHCTpyMeHTOB B YHHCOH BbINOMAIOT 10 ToHY Hacroroit 440 Tu (nora “na’),a bo Dpariim, Hammpumep, ateaMOsin HacrpanBaior suicrpyMerTEl 10 Tol xe HoTe “AA”, HO yr Gouiee Bbicoxoro Tora (444 Tu). Tapamerp global tuning (r106anbHas Hacrpoiixa To- nabHocri) peryupyeres, Kak npanuso, 160 no mikane +/— B HeirTax, 10460 To urKae wacToTHt p repiax. Miiora Moxer ObtTb sazlak ake cayvatinotii (random) cABHT BbICOTEI TOHA, KaK B 110- KagaHHoM Ha pute. 9.4 npuMepe, npeqtasHauennetit jit BHeceHua ayKTyanMit B TOHATbHOCTS. Tio gambiciy OH UMMTHpyeT HeCTaGHSHOCTS YACTOTbI, MP'CYILYIO HETOYHEIM H HeHALOKHDIM crappiM aHarloronbin rexeparopaM wactorbi. Hoayvaioumuiics B jelicrsurembHocrH 3ByK copep- UICHHO He HOXO%K Ha TO, KAKUM OH JOIKCH ObITb, HO. IPO MO2KIIO HcTOMBsOBATS JIA crrer~adeheKTOR. Tipu picnowennoii onc portamento (nopramenro) wn glide (ckosnxeHne) cuHtesaTop He HepeckakubaeT, KaK IMaHHHO, a ILIABHO TepeXONHT C OsHOTO TOHA Ha Apyrolt (ero MOXoXKE ia sBysanine TpomGoHa). Taxoii shbexr cKomKeHHA BBICOTHI TOHA aKBUBAIEHTEH TOMY, TO b MySbIkazbHOft TepMUMOZOTHH HasbIBAeTes rauiccaHo. Tonyaspusamnt adipexta cKoBKe- HMA cimreapopantioro avyxa cnoco6crBoBan Poxep Keiir Saepcon — ocoGertto sarloMHH- aloe ero costo ria cHtregarope Moog B mec “Lucky Man” mepcorta (Emerson), JTaiixa (Lake) 1 Hlammepa (Palmer) (0 Tom, Kak camoctosTesHo Hcnoms30BaTD aTOT adbdercr, surTaiire MHKe, B pastene “IIpakrika: cKosmKeHKe ¢ HOTDI Ha HOTY B cuHTesatope Sample Tank FREE”). B o6ilem calystae B ciiTesaTOpe HACTpaHRAeTCA NaparTesTbHaA TOHATHHOCTH HOT B COOT- BeTCTBHM ¢ MPHHATHIM AA COBPEMEHHBIX NHAHHHO CTPOeM, KoTOpbIii HasbiBaeTcA ABeHa- AUATHTOHOBLIM pabHOMepHO-TemmepupoBannsim, EciM Bac MuTepecyior APyrve BapHaHTEI CTpos, HanpHMep McTopmyecKHe ws sapyGexHbIe, PAA CHHTesaTopoB MoARepxUBAeT HC- MOMbIOBAHHE HACTpoeyHDIX Tabsuy (tuning table). Ivo cBoero posa noAcTaHoBOUHBIe Tab- AINUBI, HO KOTOPBIM CHHTesaTOp OMpesesseT, KAKOMY TOHY COOTBeTCrByeT TOT HIM HHO MIDI-romep Horst. (Sty onmmo noalepsxueaior, HanpuMep, mucrpymeHtst OASYS Kom- nanun Korg u nexoropbie cuntesatopsr Kommanuu Native Instruments.) A ayxxno 1M ato HaM, Be/[b MbI He [:peBune nudaropelilEl, UsyYaBIIHe 3aKOHBI rapMOHHH, H He WHTOHESHii- ckne naternku? AnptepHaTHBHBIe MySbiKaibHbIe CrPOH, BHOCH HeOXHMaHHbIe TOUBI, MOryT IIpusars CHHTesupoBaHHOMY sByKy cBoeobpasHe. OcHoBHbIe MeTOAbI CUHTeSa SByKa_ Tipexae vem npucrynam x paGore ¢ HHCTpyMeHTaMit H CosmaHitio co6cTReHEDIx BapuarTon SBy'iaHMAL, HONeSHO pasoOparses B isiaccuIPUKAWNK 9AeKTPOMHIX UACTpyMeHTOR. Pagii006- PasHble cHHtesatopsi rpynitpytores Mo KaTerOpHsIM B 3aBHICHMOCTHL OT TOTO, KAKUM OOpA3OM OHM CosTaIOT SBYKH H KAKHM O6pas0M OH uicHOABSyIoTeR. Tony:npHOCTs pasmiTtHrx MeTO- JOB cHiTesa snyka MeHAeTes CO RPeMeHteM, HO 6s1aronApA NporpanibiM CHirTesaTOpaM BCE OHH Moryr ObiT® peastHa0RAK C HOMOIIESIO KOMIBIOTepHEIX TexHOMIOrH H Y HAC CCT BOBMOTK- HOCTb CPaBHUBATb UX Lpyr ¢ ApyroM. a Mpaktuka: ckonbxeHve C HOTbI Ha HOTY B CHHTeSaTOpe SampleTank FREE CkonbxeHMe ¢ HOT! Ha HOTY — 9TO NpveM HCnONHeHMA, HENPHBBMHBI ANA Kna- BHATYPHI, BEM’ Ha NMAHMHO adexra “uckpueneHMA” (pitch bend) BbICOTbI THA’ TaABA 9. METOABl CHHTE3A 3BYKA M I1POIPAMMHDBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 427 RoGuTECA HeBOsMOxHO. cnontsya onuimo glide nnn portamento 8 cuTesarope, axe Ha TaKOM MHCTPYMeHTe, Kak KNaBMaTYpA, MOKHO peanusoBaTh acdexr CKONbXEHUA TOHa C HOT Ha HoTy. YTOGbI nocnywatb, Kak STO 3By4VT, BOCNONb- aylirece GecnnarHtim npismAoxenvem SampleTank FREE komnaxnn IK Multimedia, ganvcaHiom Ha DVD (Ho ana sToro cHaYana Hano sarpyauiTe SampleTank FREE 8 Gasoade npwnoxeHve, KoTOpOE Ebi UCronbayeTe). Perynsropsi ckonbxkenms Tona 8 SampleTank FREE. B npunoxermn Sample- Tank FREE onuna ckontxexna oTmeNeHa Kak portamento, ostomy nocMoTpuTe B NpaBoi YacTU NaHeNM CMHTesaTOpa CeKLMI0 NOW HasBaHvem Port (puc. 9.5). Pe- Tynntop Port.Time saaer 8 cutTesaTope BPEMA CKOMILXCHMA C HOTbI Ha HOTY. He- 06xo¥Mo BLIGpare 8 sbinanaioUleM MeN, KOTOPOe HAXOANTCA cpasy Now STHM PerynsaTopom, crpoxy Legato; 8 pexnme Mono u Poly acbcbext noprameHTo OTKsI0- 4ex (3To cnpaBenyimso He ANA Box cMlTesaTOpOR; BO MHOTMNx CHHTesaTOpAX npe- AYOMOTPeHa BOSMOKHOCTE OAHOBpeMeHHOTO BkMIOYeHHA pexnMoe glide (ckonb- >xenie) 1 poly (nonuounn)) Puc. 9.5. Onuia portamento, . npeayemorpeHHan 8 nporpaMme 5 SampleTank,— He TaKaa yx MpenkocTs, Ha mMeeTcA BO MHOrux chHTesaTopax. BbiGepi- Te pexvns Legato, sagatire c no- moujsio Port.Time nponom«n- TeMbHOCT CKOMXEHMA C HOTB! Wa HOTY, M Bb! yonbiwiTe 970r opbext Cuirpaitre sTo-HnGyns 8 pexume portamento c ycTaxosKoi, npuaaiomen SByKy OCOGeHHOCTM ronoca conpano. SarpysiTe HMeioMMMiicA 8 CocTaBe NpO- rpammei nara Soprano Ahh, Aeaxkpbl WeNkHys Ha HeM MbiLubIO. Eon sbi Gynere ur- PaTb HOTbI NO-OTHeNHOCTH, TO TIPM BBEAeHHLX yoraHOBKAX OHM GyayT sByaTD >XCHCKMM rONOCOM, Kak TUNHYHAA ayAMosannice nesnubt. Ho NonpOGyitTe coenN- 428 ° THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTHL HATS HOTbI: H@KMMAS HOBYIO KNaBMLY, He OTnyckaifre Ty, KoTOpas| Obina HaxaTa pakbue (oTnyckaltre npenbinyulyio Kiaenly Nocne HaxkaTHA Chenyioulen KnaBn- lun; wen sakniovaeTca 8 TOM, YTO6bI AOSHTECA MCrONHEHINA NeraTo, oTCIOAA M Ha- aeanine onunn — Legato). Bi yonbiuimte cnaGoe “saBbizakne” ronoca npu nepe- XOAE C HOTHI Ha HOTY. “TOOL! CHeniaTs oTOT addext Gonee ABHLIM, yBenMuETe sHaveHne Hactpolikn Port.Time npumepxo ao 500 Mc win Gonbuve. Mocne eToro TOMOC HAYHET MNABHO CKOsILSUTb C OAHON HOTEI Ha Apyrylo. Yunmes CKonbsnTb ¢ HOTbI Ha HOTY. SarpysuiTe UMeloulMiicn B CocTase Npo- Tpammei naru L.A. Dreams 2pac. Mo ymon4aHuio stor nary sarpyxaercs B peExvMe Poly, nosTomy npv yAepxnBaHAM HaxKATBIMA ORHOBPEMCHHO HECKONLKUX KaBMLL BbI YONBILUMTE He CKOMIXeHMe TOH, a akkopA.. MepeKnlo4nTe CAHTesaTOp B PEKUM Legato, sbidpae cooTReTCTayIOUIyIO CTPOky 8 BbINANAIOUIeM MeHIO nog perynsTo- pom Port.Time n ycraHosnre perynstopom Port Tire spemm, pasHoe npuMepHo 2 c. Haxumaa o4epenHyio KnaBuly, He OTNYCKaliTe NpeAbIAYLyIO, Kak B Mpumepe, ONVCaHHOM BILE. Bb yCMbILIUTe MNaBHOe CKONbxKeHUEe SByKAa C OAHOM HOTbI Ha APyryi0, STO, BOsMOXHO, HarOMHIMT BaM VicnONHeHHyIoHa CHHTesaTOpe MapTHlo Vangelis us ¢nbMa “Blade Runner” ¢ Avanorozbii MeTon cy6tpakTHBHoro cMHTesa sByKa Tleppaie cnirresatopnt HasniRasIch aiaTozoaoLMt unCMpyMenMmaNl, TOTOMY ¥TO HX reHepa- ‘opbI ComabailH HenpepHIBHBIe TepHOMMIeCKMe KoTeGARM, araATOTHYNbIe KOAeGAHHAM, CO3- jakaeMBIM peaiTbHBIMM HICTOUHNKAMM SBYKa, TAKUMI KAK CTPYHBI MECTPYMeHTOB, a TaKAKe KOvebaHHAMM aBNeHHs, NOCpeRCTBOM KOTOPBIX 3ByK PacnpOcTpaHsIeTcs B HOIyxe. Ix ye~ TOHMMBast LOMYIPHOCTS OObsCHIETCA OTFACTH HeMOBTOPUMOCTHIO HX sRyTaKus. TockomBKy AKYCTIMIeCKHe MHCTPYMeHTBI He CTIOCOGHBI COS/aTb HETETO TOXOXETO Ha IIILTOOODASHYIO BOL- ny, nepanie mucrpyMenrar koMnanun Moog sanoenasn 1Mpoxylo Hlonly.1ApHoers sa Hx XApak- ‘TepHioe anysarne, TOWHO TaK 2Ke KaK TlepRbIe CaKcodoHI C HX HMPUBBUIKbIM ABYKOM, B KONIC KoUIIOB, NpOTOpHLIH ceGe AOpory B opxecTpBr (110 Kpaiiteli mepe, B Esporte), aHamoroppre cHmH- ‘resaTOpbl CTaM YaCTbIO MYSbIKATSHOM KY-ABTYpBL. Tlon tepmutiom “arratoropotit Mevo,, cunitesa” nomuMaerca, Kak npaButo, KouKperituli Me- Ton cuntesa, HaBecTHBI Ton HaaHanMens “meron cySmparmuenoz0 cuumesa sByKa”. Taxoe 1a- SBAHHe OGDACHAETCH Tem, YTO B CHHTESATOAX, PeaITHSYIOIILAX 9TOT METOX, rexepaTopsr cosmTa~ 1OT CHrHamt Mpocroi opMst c WIMpoKUM crleKTpOM rapMoNMuecKUxX cocTaRMOUUEX. Koppexina ¢opmot currara ocymectaaserca ¢rarstpaMit ciirTesaTopa, TOABALAOTLEMM On pejlevtetinie rapMonmic, atfa0rH4HO TOMY, Kak KOPIIYC akyCTHMeCKOrO HNCTPYMeHTa KOppeK- ‘Tupyer CneKrp 3PyKa, CosaBaeMOTO HHICTPYMeHTOM, IpujtawAN emy Onpenesenttbtit KOMOpHT. Avanoropiii meToR cyOTpakTueHoro cunTesa sByKa Apyrve naspanns: “Analog” (akanorosbiit); “modular” (MonynbHbi”) Bocrouncrea XapakrepHoe “sneKTpoHHOe” sByaHve, BEIPASHTeNbHOCTS MCHONHeHNA C WMpO- KMAMM BO3MOXHOCTAMM M3MeHeHMa TemMOpa; Mysbika B CTWie street cred Hepoctaren HeBosMoxHOCTS MMMMTAaLIMH SByHaHMIA akyCTHMECKMX MHCTPYMeHTOB Mpumepsi annapatneix custesaropoa Moog Minimoog (8 Tom 4ncne cozpemeran monen’ Minimoog Voyager); Buchla cepun 100- 4 200-; Dave Smith Evolver TAABA 9. METOABI CHHTE3A 3BYKA HM MPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTEL 429 Npvmepst nporpammnbix cnHtesatopos Reason SubTractor; smynstopbi cuHTesatopa Moog, Bbinyckaembie KoMnaHMeli Arturia (puc. 9.6) Npwnoxerms, sanucarnete Ha npunaraemom k KHure DVD. Native Instruments SoundSchool; Green Oak Crystal Puc. 9.6. Suynatop komnaxun Arturia Konpyer cutresarop Moog Modular srioxn 1960-x TogOB AO Menbuatiuimx rlogpOOHOCTeM, BINT Ao KnyOKa NaT4-KOPAOB, KOTOPbIMH HeOGXO- AMO CoeAMHsTs mony cnHTesaTopa Mexay COOH. BoT oTKyna MpOKsoUWTO HazeaHHe “modular synthesis” (MoAYNbHbIM npMHUN CHHTesa) Canpie nepsise axiaxoropnie cutitesaropss, paapaGoranste Pobeptom Myrom (Robert Moog) Ha Bocrouom noGepexbe Coennnennry Itatos 1 Zoro Bawioit (Don Buchla) wa Samaj HOM noGepexke, nosy HasbaHMe “MonymBHBIe cittesaropl”, HOTOMY WTO HO KOHCTPYK- Lu ou npexctanzsm co6oi HaGop Mony.ieli, eMONTUpOBALIUDIX B KacceTHOM Kopryyce. Ta- Kaa KONICTpyKuns OGecriewHBama ROSMOXHOCTS HSMCHEMMs| XApaKTepa SBy Wana MECTPYMeHTa yrem sacrpotixa ero KorcbHrypanwt ¢ HloMOMLbi0 11aT4-KOpjoB, CoesLMHSBIUX MORY IN May co6oii. Dror 2ke pHEMT MPoOZPKAeT HMCTIOMDZORATECH B TIporpaMndTsTx cpertcTBAX 1uapoBoit MysbikH MonystbHolt apxntextypbl, Hanpumep Csound, Max/MSP 1 Reaktor. Ananoronpie MHCTPYMeHTEI B GONBULAHCTBE CHOEM He sTBISIOTCA T10-HACTOSIEMY MOMYJIBIBIMH 110 KOHCT- PYKINH, HO, KAK U npeXTLe, CocrosTT 3 yas10B pasHoro YHKNUOHATbHOTO HasHavertHia — reric- ‘patopos SByKOROTO curHama, TeHepatopos orniGalouLux, dbuweTpoB, HU-reweparopos (LFO) M TOMY MOWOGHETX yas10B, XOTA H LOCTATOMHO KECTKO CBASANMLIX PYT € APYTOM. Tlepssie ananoropste HHCTpyMeHTbI Oui rpoMOSAKHME, TSUKETDIMH, HBTOTABIMBAIHCb DpyHyIo Ha saKas 1 CTOULM CTO.IDKO 2Ke, CKOTPKO HOM. COBPEME}IHBIe “Aza TOrOBbIe” HH CTPYMCHTDI— 910, KaK paBHazo, NMKpoRBIe MNCTPyMeHTHL, peamuaylomMe TexHosOTHH *KOHCTpyHponanua” sByka M TeMOPOBHIe KAYCCTBA, YHACHMeLOBAHHBIe OT CBOUX YHCTO aHa1o- 430 TaABA 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IPOTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTI ropsix mpeauiectsenuuxos. Hockoasky nucpponbie cunresaTopit He cosaior Hacrosuutx AHANOTOBBIX CHTHANOB, ¢ POPMasIbHO TOUKH SpeHHs OH sHALTIOTOsE BUDTYATBBINN araTo- TOBHINIT CHHTeSATOpaMM, KOMMPYIOMUMA CHritaiTs! AHATOTORBIX CHHTEsATOPOR ¢ TOMOIILEIO uneppobbix meronon. Cospemenibie 1porpasanibie cutesaropsi oGecuesuBaior mupoxitli nsiGop Bapuanron uNuTanMH aratoroBlix cyGrpakriHnntx cuTesaTopoR, ® Qmyasnua aaroronbix cHresatopos. Hexotopple HCTPYMeHTBI BO BCeM 20 MeO veik — m To suemmemy Buty, 1 no SYHKIMONATHHBIM ROAMOKHOCTAM, HHO XapAXTePY anydartiia — KOMMpyior crappie akfa/lOronste CHTesATOpEL ™ Miwaranua axanorosoro Merona carresa. HockomKy cy6rpaktupabili Meron cumresa cto nonyssipen, MHorve cHHTesaTopH HoccoasaIor aty GasoByIO TexHOxOrM0 cHTe- 3a, He Kormipysi BHEMAM BHA uHTepipelica crapbIx HBCTPYMeHTOB. ® Mosyavuas xonerpyxuus. Jlaxe ve uncrpymentst, KOTOpBIe HH B WeM He Mompaxkaror aHaNOroRKIM CHHTesaTOpaM, HacmemyiOT OMIperLesIeHHbIe IIEMEHTD, NApANTepHDIe At TepBHIX CHHTesaTOpOB MoysIDHOH crpyKTypbL UpaktHecku B moGom cHHTesaTope HiMetores Taxue yskusionatpte “apxansMal”, Kak renepatopst orHOaromelt, dpHtbT- I, MOLysITOpHI H Apyrue by HKIMOHANbEBLe MHCTPYMCHTEL Metonp! YM-cuntesa u anantusHoro cuitesa sByKa Meron cy6rpakrusuioro cmrresa — He emuticrBeHbuit MeTON cosaanIKA aByKa Hg OTAENBABIX KomHoHenToB llyreM KOMOunupowasina cursiatoe redeparopon. B 970i LaBe Mbt NosHAKOMHMCS aby apyriiMa MevOuaMH CunTesa guykca. Teppbsti 13 1x 3akmouaerest B NacrorHoit Monysi- UMM CHTHALIa SByKa, ILIA ero HcmOrBByIOTCA HECKONBKO TellepaTOPOB CHLHANOB SBYKOBOTO lika- agora uactor. B peayabrare nojywaetest anyk C02RHOTO, HalloMHFAIOUero KONOKOMbHT BOM, revi6pa, Merox aurienioro cuirresa aakmiowaeTcA B clOKeHMM OTAeMBHBIX O6epToHOR (ALI co3zalina KOTODBIX B psi CAY'4aeB MOTYT HeMIOMIBBOBATHCA H OTAeNbItbLe FextepaTops!). B pesystb- ‘rate aByic npuoOperaer Hopbti, xapaxrepanili TenOp. Itor Metou cusmtesa B epsom upuGsKe- Hi aatorimien npuniny paors1 Opratia, Byk KOTOPOTO coaaeTeH NYTEM KOMOIHALIAH te- ckombkmx coctapamiomx. Pa6ora oprara Hammond 6aaupyetes Ha arom mpm. Metog 4M-cuntesa Aocrovnctea 3Byk ¢ COMHBIM, HANOMMHAIOIMM aBy¥akve KoNOKONa, TeMGPOM im HeNOBTOpHMEIE. sayKoatie acbcbextsi; iumpoxas nannTpa sByko8 Hegocrarkn HesosMoxHocT MMMMTaUIMN peanvicTA4eCKOro SByYaHWA CTPYH; CNOKHOCTS Oc- BOCHMIA TEM, KTO TONbKO HaiMHaeT OCBAMBATb TexHOsIOFMl CHHTesAa SByKA Npumepet annaparneix cuntesaropos Yamaha DX7 ( aca cepa DX) Tpumepti nporpammueix cnHTesaTopos. FMT komnaxnu Native Instruments (pwc. 9.7); cnHtesatop Oxe FM (GecrarHiit NopKnowembiA Moayst opmarta VSTi TonbKO ANA Windows; www.oxesoft .com); EFM1, exonauuniie cocrae Logic Pro Npwnoxexua, sanucanneie Ha npunaraemom K KHure DVD. Ableton Operator (8 cocrase Aemosepcun Ableton Live); Green Oak Crystal; ocHos- Hole @yHKUMOHaNbHbIe MHCTPyMeHTsI B SoundSchool komnatnu Native Instruments TaABA 9. METOADI CHHTESA 3BYKA M I1POrPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 431 re MI Puc. 9.7. B cunTesaTope FM7 onan Native Instruments, Koropeivi npeacrasnaer coGor cospemexsyo nHTepnpeTaumo cnHTesaTopa Yamaha DX7, Ana peannsauan meToga “WM-CHHTe3a UCTONb3yeTCA WeCTb reHepaTopoB. MHCTPyMeHTb! PunbTpayHn vnpeanamepenHoro ucKaxeHna seyca (distortion), npeaycmorpennsie 8 FM, o6ec- Me4nsaioT BOAMOXHOCTs NOMYYEHHA TYCTEIX, [UIABHO MEHRIOUWIXGH TOHOB, & MHOFOCer- MeHTHbIe orMOaloulve — CoaqaHue puTMM4ecKux appexTos Meron anautuenoro cuntesa Apyrve Hassanua: “Fourier synthesis” (Dypse-cunites) Aocrouncrea Counbili, “opraHHbii” sByk Hegoctarkn To wupore HcnonbsoeaHns HamHoro yctynaer MeTopy cyOTpaKT/BHOrO cuHTesa; ‘oGnanaet Gonee CKPOMHBIM BOSMOXHOCTAMA B pasHooGpashn sByYaHis; UWnd- posoli sapalit pearusaunn TpeOyer sHaunTenbHbx BbINNCTMTeNHEIX PecypcoB mpoueccopa Tipwmepet annapatHex cuntesaropos Kawai KS 1 K5000 Tpumepei nporpamMHbix CuHTeSaTOpOB ‘Camel Audio Cameleon 5000 (www. camelaudio.com, pmc. 9.8); White Noise Ad- ditive (ToneKo ans Windows, www. whi tenoiseaudio.com/additive) 432 TAABA 9. METOABI CHHTE3A 3BYKA HM M1POrPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI | eer Fy | | a ei ee — Puc. 9.8. OaHnM 43 JOCTOMHCTE MeTORA aAAUTHBHOFO CHHTeSA ABIAETCA TO, TO OH oGecnewsaeT BOSMOXHOCTS peamnsaunh MopHHra — nnaBHoro nepexona Mexay SBYKAM 1 UHAUBUAYANHOM KOPPEKYM rapMOHMK. OGe 3TH DYHKLIMA UCNONL3YIOTCs 8 Cameleon 5000 Komnanun Camel Audio. @ynkuna morph square oGecnewneaeT MnaBHeli Nepexon MexAY sByKaMH, a nporpamMMa nosBoNseT KOppEKTHpOBATE OT- emusic rapMoHiKu ¢ NoMoulsio rpabaseckoro nHTeppeiica (noKasaHHoro Ha @oTo- Tpadun) nnn faxe C noMoubio uMnopra patina oOpasa Texnonorma UM- 1 anquTHnHoro cHHTesa anyKa ObLIH peamTHaORAHEI YiKE B AHAIOTORDIX cumirresatopax, XOTs OHH TOMYYHIH Kya MeHbIIee pacnpoctpaneHue 110 cpaBHeHilo C MeTO- Jom cyGrpakrusHioro cutiresa, FM-cuHTes He Hallie IIMpOKOTO BHEAPEHHA B MepBbIX alta10- TOBBIX CHUTeSaTOpax US-3a TPYMOCTelt, CBASAHHEIX C HEOOXOMMMOCTDIO TlO;LIepKAHNA TOAHOI Hacrpoiiku reveparopon Ais noyyeMHa OMTHMamBHEIX pesyTaToR. HectaubHOcTs, xa~ PakrepHas 14 pannux rexeparopos, Memlasa Hanexuoii paGore UM-cursresatopon. Tony- siapHocrs meron UM-cmuresa u aiyluTuBHoro CuiTesa Havas pactH ¢ HOABAeHHeM WHpO- BDIX reHepaTopos M MOBBIeHHeM MPOMSBOAUTENBHOCTH KOMUBbIOTepUBLX UpoLeccopoB ¥ mponteccopos 1mppoxo#i oGpa6orkn curHaston (DSP). Xora nsysenMe MeTORUKH MporpaMMMponatina al/HTHBHDIX CutiTesaropos BAIXOANT 3a Mpenenst temarcn zannoit KHHTH, ¢ Meroxom UM-cuiresa Mbl nositaKoMuMes B OGULUX Hep- Tax B PAMKAX HSYYEHHA Metona cyGrpakTHBHOTO CHHKTesa, HOCKOUBKY B MpustoKeHH Sound- School npenyemorpexsr ocHopibie (byrknnoraibibie micrpyseirro: UM-cirresa. Comnnepst u npourpeiearenn camnnog Ananoropnie mevoabr eyGrpaxrupuoro, UM- 1 azurrupioro cynrtesa BexuKostentio HoAxo- AAT 1214 cosiianua cBOEOOpAsHOrO sBYYAKHA, HO KOTAA 610 AOXOAUT 10 MOApADKANMA SBYKAM PeaBHOTO Mupa, TO oH cHocoOHDI chpaBHETbcst ToABKO c Mpoctedituscst spy Kann, BMecTo TO- To YTOGHI IBITATECH ¢ MOMOUILIO BvIeKTPOILILIX U NKGPOBLIX MeTONIO CosdaT» cypporaTDt pe- AIbUBIX SBYKOB, MOKHO JOGHTDCH eCTeCTRENHOCTHL 3BYANUA oMeKTPOUNDIX HHICTPYMeHTOB Tr ABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA H MPOLPAMMHBIE UHCTPYMEHTBI 433 OMeBHAHDIM HyTeM — HCHOABSYa SanuicaHHbLe OOpasitbl aByKa PeambHEIX McTpyMeHton, Tipit VCHORHEHAM HOTS KHCTpyMeHT — npourpsibaTedb coNAWIOB BOCIIPOHABOAMT Banc aByyaRHEA anoit HOTB!, KOTOPyIO MOZKHO OGpaGaTsINATs, KAK M CHI'LesMpOBALHGIl CUTHa, MpomycKas ye- Pes mponteccops ornGarometi, drmrpanmi 1 adyperron. |; age 7 Cuavana mockoHanbHo pasGepemcs 8 Tom, 4To Takoe comnnepsl. Muorine VHCTPYMeHTHI, NPennaraeMbIe Ha PbiKe Kak COMMEDEI, Ha CAMOM ZIEN8 TaKOBBIMIA He siansiorca. DopanbHo HACTPyMeHT ABNseTCA COMMTEpOM TONLKO B TOM cry- 4ae, ECM OH CnocoGex SannicbiBaTb aHanoroBbili ayAvocurHan. B npoTHBHOM cry- 4ae sTo He camiep, a “cuHTesaTop — npowrpelbatenb comnnos”. B HalUM BHM sbi MoxeTe saniicar> ayAnocurHan a Cao! pabosyio CTaHUM UMcbpoBOH sByKosaNH- cu (DAW) v nepeHectn ayavosanuce & cHHTesaTOp WN MMTOPTHpOBATE ee OAHU v3 MMelouyxca cnocoGos. C stax nosmunit roa HasBaHhem “comnnep” OGbIHHO NoppasyMesaerca cunTesarop — npourpbigarens comnnos, 8 KOTOpBIN nONb30Ba- Teflb MOXET SarPYKATS MOGLIe COMNZILI NO CBOEMy YCMOTPEHMNIO, Camnauur/npourpeisatent comnnos: @octounctsa Vimurrauns sBy¥annn akycTHHeckHx MHCTPyMeHTOR; BKTIONGHMe B COCTa KOMmOsH- UM SBYKOB peasibHoro Mupa Henocrarxn He cTonb BbicoKas BbIPaSVTEMbHOCT sBy4aHuA; TpeGoBaTeNeH K OObeMy Onepa- TWBHOM naMaTH Npumepei annaparHeix comnnepos Camnneps: Akai cep $; knaearypa Korg Triton (nponrpbisarenb csmnnos) Tpumeptt nporpammutix comnnepos Kontakt xomnanin Native Instruments; MachFive xomnannn MOTU (puc. 9.9); HALion xomnannn Steinberg; Giga-Studio konarinn TASCAM; Audio Key Rig (poc- oli npowrpbiearent comme) Npunoxenusa, sanucanneie Ha npunaraemom k KHure DVD ‘SampleTank FREE (npourppisatenb camnnos) Orpansvermocrs Textiostorni HeriomsonaHis sarlHcaHHbIx O6pasion SByKa saKUuoYAeTCs Bp TOM, 470 pH 9TOM B XepTRY MpIHocsITCs ROSNOARHOCTH YMIpAIeHHAA cHirHaloM — craTHe- CKyIO 3aMch HeROSMOxkKHO peyaKTHDORATS TAK, Kak HacruMAyIO (PopMy Kos1eGaHHii, Paspa- Gorsuin ayauorexnonornit mrraioTes KOMIeHCHpOBATb 9TOT KeMOCTATOK pacumupenHeM 6116 SmoTerH sarMeanMérx aymHOOSpasloR, LOGAHIIA B Hee MILWBHAYANSHBIe SBYKH UIA HOT pasts yeacrkoB KaaBuaTypHI H pastMIx eKopocreli HaKaTHa Kanmmn, Ho MpH aTOM Bospac- TAIOT PAIMEpH TATA H, COOTBETCTBeHHO, TpeGoBATA K OGbEMY TaMAITH, 3 KOTOpOlL CHHTEI- palotest ay,quoo6pasns1 saya. Kpome Toro, mcTpyMeHThl, GasupyioMimecs Ha TexxonorHi BOCTIPOHISBeeHHA CaMIUIOB, YCTYTIAIOT TIO BHpAsMTeNbHOCTH SByYAHHAA MHCTPYMEHTAM, B KO- ‘TOpbIx HicHioMsylorca APyrHe TexHonOTHM crHTesa, Ho HeeMOTpA Ha HeKOTOpyio HeAOCTATOY- HOCT MMpasHTeNbHOCTH SBYYAHIIA TAKHe MMCTPYMeHTHL JRYaT ecrecTREHHO, TocKOADKY 1 HUX vcrIomayiorcs 2amHcH peamtbHbIX SBYKOB. 434 TaABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMHDIE HHCTPYMEHTHI OGzact, upumenenms nHerpymeHTox, GasnpyioMUXca Ha TexHororMH BocnpoNaRETeHHs COMILIOB, He OrpaHMYHBAeTCA TOKO MMUTHOBAHMeM SByUAHTIA aKyoTHMECKTX wCTpyMeH- Ton. TexHOuOrHa coMMHra MoXxeT Outri UCHOs9ORAHIa U1 TBOPYeCKOIl epepaGOTKH BaILi- ceit (ipumep Tomy — To myabukanTet erin xun-xon (hip-hop) Aenaiot ¢ BuENIOBDIM Ta CTHHKaMIt) 1 COs/IaHNsL HOBBIX HiCTpyMeHTo (HalpuMep, HaGopoR yalapubix HiLeTpyMeltoD (drum kit) us xyxoimoit yrsapx), Textiosioriis BocnpouspeneHiia coMmIOB HcHOmBayeTCs| BO BCeBOSMONKILIX BUIPTYAIBIIIX Hal- crpymeutax. Campili spectiptii mprmep — muptyasbime ucrpy Mental, npemastavettinie suis KOUMDOMALIA SUeKIPOHHDIX H AKYCTUMECKUX HHCTPYMEHTOR, HaYHHaA ¢ UMUTATOpOR FirTap H 3a KaIMUMBasE MMTATOPAMH EAI OpKeCTPOB, TeXHOMIOTHA BOCTIPOHSBENCHHA COMIMIOB HeHOmbay- eT¢s TAKKe B HeKOTOPHIX NPOrpaMMHbIX yjlapHLIX UuCTpyMeHTax, HampuMmep B Native Instru- ments Battery, up apromarax Mysbikabiisix puttwop (groove-box), Hanpumep Spectrasonics Stylus RMX (www. spect rasonics .net). 910 tobKo HeKoTOpbie 3 MMO>KecTBa TIpPUMepoB. Vineeres raioke umpoxuii nsiGop Kommepueckux GuGauoteK sammiceli o6pasuoB sBykoR Kak B cbopMate ay7IHo, Tak HB CIlenMaNbHBIX (opMarax, UpesHAgHaVeHHEIx 71st KOMKpeTHLIX coumzepon. Takue Kosiiexivin abyKon naapipaiores “soundware” (abykouoe oGectleyeHite) WL “sound library” (6uGmmoreKa sayKon), noTomy 470 BOI HoKynaeTe 1u1H aarpy>xaete 1ia HrepHiera ne cnenuaitsituli nporpanncustii mcTpyMent, a vseHto KovteKINHO O6pasiion sBykoR Puc. 9.9. B comnnepax u cuTesaTopax — npourpbisarenax camnos (bait) o6pas- YOR 3BYKOB “sakpenveHbI” 32 KOHKDETHLIMM KNABHUIAMM KNaBHaTYpbI HW rIpM HaKAaTHin knapnuiM caMrnep BocnpovssoquT sannck cooTBeTcrayioulero obpaaia sayKa. B ZaHHoM npumepe nokasaH commnep MachFive komnatiun MOTU Alpyrve mertogpi cuntesa Paspadorauku ay;uorextoaorni 8 noncke Hopsix saysaninti mporomxator paSorarb 1a) HORI: MH RapHalTTaMi pewusailhlt Meto0R crirTesa SByKa, OMVICAHHBIX B MpeNBUTYILUX paamenax, a TaK- 2ke PaspaGarbibars HORbIe MeToRBI. TeM, KTO UMeer MIpescrawICHe 0 CHHTTese Ha OCHORE TexHOLIO- THH BOcHporsRenenus O6pasuoB SBYKOB Ht BUPTYATbHBIX AHAIOTOBBIX CHHTESATOPAX, B YACTHOCTH, TaABA 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IIPOIPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 435 hie cocranur-tpysia pasrasiter oOuNe 4eprbi, Xapakcrepiibie frst GourbLUEICTBA CUHTeSaropoB, BTOM unicne ataiorisibie mprewer nenomsonannst ¢brtbTpon, adbexToR M MOsIYZIIIUAM, XOTSE UIT HC~ Tlombsonattua pyrix textomoruii Morker orpeSowarica RONOMTTeNbHIOe OOYYerTe H TIpaAKTITKA. Merompi cuntesa spyyanua rurapbl Tpanyaaprnith cures (granular synthesis) — rexnonornsi, npexiorkeinias KoMmosHTopom- okenepuMestaTopom fimcom Keeriaxncom (Iannis Xenakis) — 6aampyerest 1a nocryaarax ¢bi~ AkHt avleMentapHbix Yacruu. B ocHOBY aToro MeToga CHHTEesa NOsO2XKeHO NpeACTABJIEHHe 0 SBYKe KAK O KOMIOSHUIHH KDOLIeYHBIX SBYKOBHIX TpaHlya, a He KOMMOSHIUEH rapMoHETIecKHX KOMe6A- uti, TpaqummionHom npexcrapseni, koTOpoe MBI HcTIObsyeM B aTepHane JaHHOH KHUTH. Bura- rosapa necnexosanusas Keprica Poyaca (Curtis Roads) 1 apyrux saTysHactor, a TakoKe ocTH- 2kEHHAM WMchpOBBIX TeXHOTOTITE CTATIE BOSMOXKHEIMIL COSTAHMe THICK H MIEATHOHOR COOKITHt, Hecymmx unbopsatuno o KpomiesHBrx rpaHysiax aBykKa, U ROTLIOMEHMe STO! TeOpHH'R KUSH. Tipexpackol Hy a toxxy or atoii textonormu? Xors Hemaa ckasars, 4TO OHA HyeATTbHO TOAXOANT, HANPUMep, JLIt UMUTALUH sByNAKH TPoMGoHA, TexHOAOT TpaHYs1spHOro CHItTe- ga clioco6tia cossiasath Heonrantoe snysanite, Oxfa noaBoaseT coaaparh CiIOrKHBIe OpraHye- kite BOTH KPONIeUHBIX WaCTHU 9ByKa Ht IyTeM ciitTe3a BOCCTanraRMBATh PeaTbHstit SBYK. B neiiCTBUNTeHOCTH TexHOAOTNs TpaHy-APHOTO CHHITeIa NeXMT B OCHORE MHOTHX azTTOPHTMOR DACKTKeHUs M CABHTa BO BpeMeHH ayNMOCHTHaZIOB, McMOMBsyIONXCs B KOMMepYeCKAX TIPO TpaMMubix TpoxyKrax. ‘ Ocnoenne metoxa rpanynapHoro cumtesa— Henerkoe saHiatHe, Hayarh MoxHO co c1e- IyIOMNX TpOrpaMMHBIX MIpoAYKTOR. Native Instruments Reaktor. B stom upuoxenmH umeiorea nerpoemiste cpejtcra rpaniyslapHoro cumrega; sarpysute » Reaktor 5 nara GrainStates SP us Karatora En- sembles Classics Sample Transformer. Csound (6ecnaatian). Kpoccrinanbopmetias Monyibsat cpesia upusiorkestia Csound (www..csounds .com), OcHamleHHoro TeKCTOBbIM uATepelicoM, NpocTo cosjiaHa Ai Tpanyaspuoro cuirresa Gnaroqaps OTHOCHTeNIbIO! Mpocrore clicreMbl KOMari rpaHy- JIspHOTO cutittesa; yuebrIOe PYKoROACTRO NO aTOH Teme BHI HaiizeTe MO ampecy wwesounds.com/mastermg/em_04.htmil. H Max/MSP. as storo mpunoxkeria paspaGoraner pasmmanble pacliMpeHHa 1 pe gain Texsios1OTHNH rparly.sIpHoro cumTesa; aye Bcero HavaT ¢ Kpocentardop- MeHuoro pacuipenusi ~mdegranular (www.michael-edwards.org/software/ mdegranular). Than yrayOaennoro mayyenus. B xunre The Computer Music Tutorial Keptuca Poynca (Curtis Roads) (uazanmoii MIT Press) ecr» npenocxogiiaa rapa, B KoTopoil OOpaCHALOTCA OcHoROnomararommne PHELAN, Ha KOTOpEIX GasMpyeTest TeXHONOTHIA TpaHlysApHOr CHirTesa, B o6uurs weprax rpatyaapunili cunres B ‘microM Bue OasHpyeTCs Ha HpeucrabslenitH 3:te~ MenrapHoii waervitbl 3ByKa Kak KpouedHO!i orMGaiomelt sByKOBO!t BOsHBI Ht aaaMM rapa- Merpos “oGz1aKa” TaKHX YaCTIM, HCXORA HS MpemToOReHA o cayuaiiom pactrpenesreriH 9THX waCTHN B MpocTpanctse snyka. B ApyrHx BapuanTax TexHlosmOrHM rparyspHoro custresa (Hanpumep, peassyembix HeKoToppiMM ancaMGnamH B mporpamme Reaktor 1 oGpexTom -mdegranular 714 mporpanewut Max/MSP) 1pe6yercs apa BxonHbIxX ayaMocurHasa — mMe~ €1c4B BULY, 410 OMHHM Hs BUX Gyzer Bam cobcracHtIli aysmHo¢patis. 436 TAABA 9. METOABI CHHTE3A 3BYKA M TIPOTPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTDI ususeckoe mofenupozanue B mporusononoxnocrs rpary.ispiomy cmtresy, peanmsattws KoToporo Ha MpakTHKe 110 Gomsutelt vactn coomtres i apastrapanioli My3bIKe, MeTOR (puaMecKOrO MONesIMpOBAHTIA OMyyaeT ee Goubutee pacripoctparenue B npoYKILaN, MpemaatiaenHott 10 MaccoBOTO TloTpeGMTe Ns. Dror Merom cmrresa rie Hos, HO Mpexte U1 ero peanmsanmHH TpeGoRaTOce OveH C7IORKHOe OGOPY- onarme 1 peaysmbTars MosiesMmpORAH GouTH HenperTcKasyents Flocstenme paspa6oTKH B O6ACTH KOMMBIOTEPHBIX TEXHOTOTHIt MOSBOMITH TOBECTH STOT MeTOR M0 TipakTHYeCKO peaMsallMy. Meron dbuseckoro Moxenuposarina daxcuoyaeres B OmMCaHAH dusHecKHX cHOHCTE HCY PYMEHTOB ¢ TOMOIIbIO MaTeMaTHYecKHX Mosenel. Sim Moses ONCbIBAIOT XapakTepHcTHKH BHOpupyroMeli expysii, saKoKIOMeprocTi pacrIpocTpaHIeHHs1 3BYKOBHIX BOM 10 KOPMYCY HHCT- pyMerrra, pesorauicuste cBoiicrea jepensmtioro Kopryca 1 Tt. 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Mix npumeppi npipenenst TiKe. @ Amapanmae cuuresaropsi— kaannarypst Korg OASYS (www.korg.com) m Alesis Fusion (www. fusionsynth .com) ™ Cuutesatop Sculpture » naxere Apple Logic Pro (ami OC Mac) @ Becnaariiii noxkmovaemuiii VST-wonya» String Theory (Windows, www.cor- tidesign.com/ugo) ™ Cunresarop String Studio Komnanwn Applied Acoustics (ana Windows/Mac, www. applied-acoustics.com),a rajxe cryjiMsi cnmtesa Tasman sroit 2ke KOMTTAHTH Dru mueTpyMeHT6 oTMMaoTeR cHouMH HOsMOxKHOCTIMM. CuxTesarop Sculpture, xora H crlocoGex TeHepxponar part TpamuNNOHHEIX sByyaiHit, pacesHTaHl, B HepayIO ONepeND, 1a cosmaime dbanractineckHx apyKoR 1 o6stataet mpoKuM HaGopom adybeKtos uncrpymertos Koppektti TemGpa. Cnitesatop String Theory mpentaatiasient creniambHo suis curTesa sBy- AHMA peaitbHlbIX HHCTPYMelITOB, TaKHX Kak Kanner (Clavinet), rurapa Masts; HcuepmD BAIOMINe YCTAHOBKH HM MYSbIKAMBABIe OOosHaTEHUS THA “string” u “damper” ynpomaior B on- penetenHiolt creer pabory ¢ uuM. Cosnapast m perakrmpys arin, npemiasHaieHubie xin cumTesatopon, basupyiomuxes 1a Meroe (bHSHecKOrO MoslesINpORAKML, Crapalirece CoGzlOLATD CHeylOULNe HpABlLTA. @ Brocure waMeneuna HeGossummn mopman. [pupora dusiueckoro Monemupopa- HMA TaKopa, TO MaseiiIHe HaMeHeHNA OAHOTO HB TapaMeTpoR, HaTIpHMep MOTHOCTH CTPYHL, MOET OKagATH HEOXKULLANLHO CHuubUBIi adxbeKT, HOBTOMY KoppeKTupytire na- PAMeTpbr HoOYepenHO H MastbIMH HOPLULANH, @ PaGoraiire ¢ Kommonentamm. Konewrio, mpaxriecku nceraa aysue Bcero HawMHar> CKOppexiyi napamerpon MozeuH CrpYH HIM pesontaTopa, Ho 97a Mone cama to cee HeOCTaTOUNA JUL MOMEIMPORAHHG HHAUBHiLyarHOTO XapaKrepa spyyanus. Dro cnpa- TAABA 9, METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA H MPOTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 437 nemytno Jp14 suOGoro Mero cuELTesa, 10 OcobeHHO Zu ciuITega Ha ocHOBE dpUBLECKOrO Moyenupovaitust, Hostomy, Hanpunep, » euirresaropax Sculpture u String Studio upeny- eworpénn o6umpuiie KaGopn Hactpoek okpasiaiigepa, ripeuasnaueMubie Jui mstutranusn IMSL KOPHYCa MHCTPyMeHTa Ha TeMOp 3pyKa, U HHCTPYMeHTHI BHeceHHs HeKAKeHUii JUIA JoMloMmHTenbHoro oTTaLHBaHT Kapaicrepa sBysaHIDA. He repaiire mpencrapaesis 0 peaabiom micrpymente, Jlaxe 8 TOM caysae, eco BBL Mogempyere SBysanMe CreKusiHHOTO (arora, Ha KOTOPOM HHOIUIAHeTAUN HrpaeT TOM Bogoit, He saGbiBaitre 0 (puSHUECKHX NapaMerpax, KOTOPHIe ONCLIBAIOT Hrpy Ha peastb4OM. aucrpymenre, Hanpumep, Take napaMetpsi, Kak acca TepMuwaropa wu neMmepa, TmMeIoT mecha abeTpaxrii copies 10 Tex Hop, Moxa Bua We TIpesicranrTe ceGe, KaK BAIT aMblIbI MpIKUMAIOT eTpyHx Ha THtTape, Tacs Hx BHOpamo. & Moamymupyiire napamerpst. Eca ncrombsyemtit nana ctesatop, Gasmpyronyit- Ca Ha MeTOse bUsHeCKOTO MojemUPORAHHs, HOSROAIeT CHeNaATb 910, ONpobyiire u3- MeHHTh bUSHYECKYIO IPHPOLY Mavepualta, 3ao2KeNHOTO B MojeTh aRYKA, HanpuMep MeTIOABSYsI UI STOO MOYO TapaMeTpoR c HoMOMtb10 a¢xpexra orAGaiomteit. Ito JaeT ROSMOKHOCTS COanaRATS acypEKTH aRYAHHs!, KOTOpHIe APyTHMH cnocobamn Co3- JlaTb HeBOSMOXKO, Hanpumep, tama npouerypa cosas sbysaiina B cumresarope Sculpture (pac. 9.10) cocTour u3 estexyiominx onepanuik: criava.ra ppiOupaem HcxomubIii MaTepHadt, HacTpaHBaeM 112- PaMerpsl Mepporo OGsekra, HCKOAS H3 KOHKDETHEIX YenOBUI ero BoIYAAEMNA (HaMpHMep, 9TO CMBIYOK), L0GaBu1em BTOpOHi H-TpeTHlk OGbeXTE, BHOCALILME AONOMUUTENIbIBIe YepTBI B XA- paictep sByKa (iiamIpuMep, Xapaxrepuibte IIlyMBI H Xapakrep AeMtIdupoRans B (ase saTyxanns 3a cer BbiGopa 3Hayela NapaMerpa KeyOf£), OTMMIMdoBHIBAeM MOE 3BYKa THIaTeMbHO!t Roppexuseii rapanerpon Haaren joGanisew adcbexret H MOYLAN. Jv Toro yroGs1 MporeccHonasmHO OCRONT MeTON CHHTesa Ha OcHORe (psHHecKOTO MO- nenupoparil, BMpowem, Kak M mO60H Apyrolk uNCTpyMeHT, HeOGXOmMMO YnopHO paGorare. B 1994 rony, koraa rotpucica neppetit KOMMep"ecKni cHHTesaTOp Ha OCHOBE MeTomta CbUSHYC cxoro Moxenuponarmia (VL1 xomnanm Yamaha), pun Paiizayr (Ernie Rideout) 8 cpoem o6sope, ony6anKonannom p xypHane Keyboard, nonsepkuyst, ¥70 970 OMI Ha TeX HHCTpY- MetiToB, OcBOLITL, KOTOPEIe MOKHO TODKO TIYTEM YHOPHEIX TpeHMpOBOK (9TO KaCAeTCA KAK Ha~ crpoiticn, Tak 1 HcHiomHeHHa wa Hest). i Comnneppi wv BOcnpousBeAeHMe COMNNOB Hsyverme kouxpermix nonpocos, kacaionuixca “KOHCTpyHpoBaHia” saya supryamy~ HBIX MHCTpyMenTOD, HaHeM c Toro, C Yero HamiNaer cerosuia GoubUIMNICTBO MySKIKANTOB: c cuittesatopos — npomrpspateseli sanucaniibix O6pasii0B SBYKOB. Cyutectnyior rp ocHoBHerx yposist UcHlomsoBaKHA uucTpymeHTon, Gasmpyiomuxca Ha ‘exHOnOrii BOCHPOUSReAeHUA COMILIOB, — HCHIOABIOBAT TOTOUDIe COMILIBI, HITETO He MCHA, BSATb TOTOBDIe COMILAL It CKOPPeKTHPOBAT HX 11O CBOeMY YeMOTpeHiINO 1UIH cOsmIATs CObCTBEN- me commant “c nya”. Jaa navana M1 nosHaKoMinica ¢ 6uGamoTeKaMH commTOB. Ho axKe BTOM cilysae, ECM BEI He COGUPAeTecb aaNUMATHCA CORAHTMEM COOCTREHEIX COMILIOB, BAM OGssarexbHo NeoOXoRUMO pasGupaTbeA B puaunTe paorbt HiIcTpyMeHToB — mpostrpsisaTe- reli CaMILIOB Kak jU1a TOTO, WTOGbI YMeTS HACTpAHBATb UX, TaK H All TOTO, 4OObI LOGMTECA MAKCHMaJIbHOii BHIpasHTeTBHOCTH HCTIOAHEHMs HPH HEpe Ha HX. 438 THABA 9. METOMbI CHHTE3A 3BYKA MH IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMENTL @ Perynstopom Material sanaercs xapakrep svOpnposanis Kopnyca MHcTpyMeHTa 8 oTser Ha elicreus wyssaxarTa npw urpe Ha Hem (xecTKOCTE Kopriyca) m ero pesokaHcHie xapakTepACTHkh (aHyTDeHHINe NloTepH KOHCTPYKuIMinw NOTepM 8 MaTepvane KopNyCa). @ Bisyanveayiia mopenn xoneSaHnih crpynLl nossonReT yeHeTS, Kak PesoHpYeT KOPHYC NM beKTOB, KAKHE TOMEKO MOXHO ObiNO ‘nprAymatt!). Opratis| HacTpohnn 8 HxHel YacTH Maven OTHOCATCR K MORYMAUMM M oruBarouyn Puc. 9.10. CurTesaTopel Ha ocHoBe MeTOAa Pusu4ecKoro MomenupOBaHuR, HaNpu- wep Sculpture komma Apple, OTKpbIBaIOT HOBLIC BOSMOXHOCTH B TEXHKE CUHTE2a ‘8BYKa, NOSBONAIOUINE KaK MMMTHDOBATE AKYCTHYECKHE MHCTPYMEHTEI, TAK U MOAENU- Posars Hobie WHcTpyMeNTs). [axens nporpamMe! Sculpture NpOnSBOAUT Bnevarne- lane py6xu Kocmmyeckoro KopaGina. CaM BepHBI GrOCOO OcaOMTs aTy TeXHONOrMIO, “NPOYYECTBOBATE" 6€ CyTb — NepecTpoNTs cBoe NpeACTABseHMe Ha YPOBEH’ KOMNO- HeHTOR Monem (B Apyrix cuHTeseTopax, HanpuMep B String Studio, eam moryr SCTPETHTLCA aHANormMyHble rpynibl HACTPOGK, XOTA HB Gonee ynpoljeHHod dopme) Bu6nvoteku comnnos BuGupar, xaxne GnGmorex common upuo6pectit m1 cROeTO coMmunepa, o6pantaiire BHHMAHMe, B TepBylo Ouepenb, Ha ABE BEML COCTaB OHGamoTeKH HU opMat common. Bapwan- TI OuGsMOTeK COMMIOB BapEpyloTeA 10 Cocrasy oT GuOsMOTeK aymMooGpaation (loop) 10 TAABA 9. METOAbI CHHTE3A 3BYKA H MPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTDI 439 HomHOcrsio ocHameHtis1x WHcrpyMento, HosToMy BuIGUpaitte Tor RapuattT, KoTopEIit Hy>KeH Ju Bantieli nes. to Moryr 6srTb npocto oumdpowaribte O6pasis sBy YaHHst HHCTPYMeHTOR, roronnie ayzuoo6paanet (loop) vant purstseckue cermerrrsr (slice), oTebHBIe HOTBI Tun ne bie MyabrkasibHTe cbpaanr, runt mo6sIe apyrMe BapHanTEl. Toso toro, «0 HaGop sByKoR TOmKeH ObITb KaveCTREHHBIM it NOCTATOUHbIM Ja MYSHI~ OBAHNA, HaNGOUee BAKHBIM MOMCHTOM ABAeTCA (bopMar, KoTOpbIli MOMHeH NOIXOMATD JU Balliero chiTesaTopa, Ecru y Bac HeT COMIIepa, NloWepKUBaioMero HMMLOpT GUOaHOTeK coMm- OB, TO BaM TloHaMOGUTCs, 110-BHAUMOMY, GHOTHOTeKA C9MILIOB, YKOMIUTeKTOBAHIIA COGCTREH- HbIM TOKMOWeMbIM MotyzeM. Muorne 61GnuoTeK coMIUIOR, HaNpHMep, KOMIUIESTyIOTCs KpoceriianopMeniibi mpourpsipareniem comnutos Kontakt kommasmu Native Instruments wns pestarcropom Intakt (puc. 9.11) (nponepste, noszoaser m1 bopmat nomKOvaeMorO MomTy:s1 De- JaKTHpORATH MAT OHM MONY.TIT OG€CHEMMBAIOT ROSMOXHOCTS TOTBKO BOCTIPONSReNCHTIA COMTT- {1OB, B TO BpeMsA Kak JIPYTHe OCHAMLeHEI OCHOBHTBIMTE MHCTPYMeHTAMH DesIaKTHPOBAHHA COMILTOB).. sap ee sar eas earned Puc. 9.11. Patbie OuO:OTeKN CoMninOB COCTOANH 13 KONNEKUIMH OOPASYOB SBYKOB, HO 8 MOXy NpOrpAMMHbX CHHTEaTOPOB MHOrNe HoBLIe CAGnHOTeKH NpeATara\oTCA BKOMMNeKTe C BUPTYA/bHEIMM NPOMIPEIEATENAMM, MMMTHPYIOLIUMA MHCTPYMeHTE, ingaxe nonopynKuonarbHbimn pepakropamn comnos. Hanpamep, NoAKmoyaeMbilt Moayne Spectrasonics Atmosphere xomnsextyerca 3-rarabaliruoM GuOmMoTeKoH 2a- nuceii SBYKOB, @ TAKKE OCHALEH PasHOOOPASHEIMA HHCTPYMeHTAMN PesakTHPOBaHHs naruef u coaaHia MHororonocoro sByka eau pac yerpannaer TombKo OM BapHaHT — uMMOpT O6pasiton aByKOB B BbIOpaHtbl BAM COMILIEp, — BAM IpUeTCA pas6UpaTsCA B MHOmeCTHE HeTIOmBAyeMBIX ¢bopMaroB. Oc- HOBHbIe BapuiaHtTor chopmator crestyioUUNe. 1 “Cuipoit” bopmat ayguo. Bu6anorexn common » cbopware audio CD, WAV 1 AIFF co- [BMCCTUMBI C IOGBIMIT COMILIepAMII, HO B STOM cilysiae BaM, CKOPEE BCETO, MpHeTCA Ha~ sxavaTs coMrutbl korapuitam apysityio, “Coxpoit” (opMat ayaHo No COBMECTHMOCTH Bie KOHKYpenmum, Ho 3a 9 NPUXoTHTeH T-IATHTS 6OTBITEM OOBEMOM Py¥HO! paGort (Xora ator RapmaiT — oJ{HH a MOMy.IApHBIX BapHAHTOR GecrATHBIX C9MILLOB, KOTO~ pate Moxeio sarpyanirh sta Web). 440 TAABA 9. METOADI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTDL @ Dopmarsi armapatuerx commuepon. Jlaxke 8 apy TporpamMatbrx uicrpyMenttos uMee! cst MHoxkecTRO ONGAMOTeK coMI.IOB B (bopMate, HetloabayemoM B annaparHbIx Caste pax Akai, E-mu 1 Kurzweil. [porpasamtsie cosaiiepot nenymnx nponssomtrreneli, Kax TpaBH.10, HowepsxUBaIOT, HO Kpalineli Mepe, OME 13 9THX dopMaToB, HeTIOcpeACTBCH- Ho HAH c HloMoniLio cneiuatb1IO4i yrHsIHTSI — KoHRepTepa (popMaroB. opmarsi nporpammamix commtepor. lo Mepe paciimpertia BiGopa mporpamanietx coMMAepoR SalOxeHHBIe B HX upMeHHDIe opMarb! Mpespallaiores B cBoero Porta “cranaapria”. K cokasienuio, yuuBepcambioro cbopmara Her. DopMaret, ucnomayeMbte 5 Tascam GigaStudio (www. tascamgiga.com), EXS124 (commaep s cocrane Ap- ple Logic), Native Instruments Kontakt 1 Stemberg HALion (www. stemberg.de), SBISIOTCH IIMPOKO HCHOAyeMbIMH (opMaTaMHt, HI BAM TIOTTAeTCA elite MHODKeCTRO npyriix saralownsix naprarton, Yacro nerpeyaerest Aaxke /laBHO BouMenMNi Hs yuOT- peGaenus opmar Digidesign SampleCell. BH @opmarsi nporpanonix cryquit anykoaannen, Bo miornx BHpryambHBrx mporpay- HDIX CTYAMSX SBYKOGATIMCH TIpexYCMOTpeHbI BOSMOKHOCTH MCTIOMBOBAHIA MYABTH commi05, apxuBHDIX naTueli u apyroii nomaoRaTembcKoti mud>Spwanin. HaxGozpmiee pacnpocrpanrenue, sto oveBHAHO, osyutista crynHs Propellerhead Reason, Koropas canoro Haviana Tomtepxxirpaita cbopmar ReFill. B Web por nafinere urmpoxnit siGop GuGqHOTeK, Kak FecHIaTHIbIx TAK KOMMEPYECKIX, B KOTOPHIe BKAMONEHBE MYJIbTHCIM- Tait gia urraritsix cosmuepop cryaun Propellerhead Reason. Kosmanna TrackTeam Audio (www. trackteamaudio .com) peammaonama aTy KoHTeMHHIO 11a cryaMH Able- ton Live, cogian crenuansinii meraxirtop aa ee common. B LiveFills nxmoverst Mymbriicoumuror (on sarticari ria mprutaraeom x kHure DVD), Ban raroxe GyyT Tiorta- arses Ou6omMoTeKM CoMIUIOR, paspadoranHbte cHenitabHO LIA uIpioxerna Apple Ga- rageBand, oGreuIHETOIIIe B choewt cocTaRe HCTPYMerTor HOCTIPOMIREeHH COMILIOB M GubsmoTeK aynnooSpaaion sByKon (loop) (TockousKy GarageBand Gasmpyerca 1a cammepe EXS|24, xoropsiii exomur p cocras Apple Logic Pro, nekoropste 13 Hux pa- Goraror Take u 2 Apple Logic Pro). Ceressie pecypee! o6pasuor s8yKoB PaspaGorKor u npomaxel UNpostix OGPASYOB SBYKOB SAHMMAETCA HECKOBKO BegyuMx KOMNaHNi. B ux wucne — Big Fish Audio (www .bigfishaudio. com), East! West Sounds (www. east -vestsamples . com nn www. soundsonl ine .com), Zero- G (www. zero-g.com), PowerFX (www.powertx.com) 4 S4/Advanced Media Group (www. samples4 . com). Esponelicknii Web-caiit Samplepoolz (www.samplepoolz.com) NOCBALIeH WC KnlounTeribHo Ny6nuKauuan nocnenHNx HOBOCTeM O6s0poB Ns Mpa YMdpoBOrO SByKa. Speck Bbi HaliveTe CobINKH Ha sarpyxaembIe Pecypce! 4 ApyTyIO MHdbopMa- unio no sto Teme. Becnnatunie 1 KomMepyeckne GuGnnoTeKn comnnos 8 copmare Refills ana cTy- Ayia Reason umewres Ha Web-caiire Propellerhead Software 1 caiTax coobuecrs, Hanpumep, ReasonStation (www.reasonstation.net) Ha Web-caiire Analogue Samples (wuw.analoguesam-ples.com) co6pavia 06- uumpxas GuGnnoreKa GecnnaTHo sarpykaembix CoMNNOB CTAPLIX aHAMOTOBLIX yCT- poiicts. Ecru eac kya Gonbuie virepecyer sBy4aHine MlMaHMHO, 4eM CHHTeSaTOPOB. Buchla n Moog, camnnti npodbeccnoHanbHoro ypoaHa Ana nMaliMHo Bui Haiipere Ha Web-caiire Post Musical Instruments (www.postpiano.com). TaABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M [1POrPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTDI 441 Co3qanue ycTaHoBok ans Comnnepos Tleppore mexanniueckue “commepbi” pearnpopas 1a uaxarie tof m0 HoH KraBMuN, BOCTPONSBON anyK CooTRETCTRYIOMeli HOTHI, BarlicaMnbiit Ha MarHTHyIO AeHTY, KoTOpas Shura ckateeHia B KOuBHO. TIpH HarKATHH KHARMIIM BICHOMAICA MexaHMaM BocrpONSRExeNHs Mabyk, aanucanublli ua seHTe, nnkmNIecKH nOBTOpsca (loop). Coppementle uudpoBuie CoMILAepBI KY/la CORepIIeHHee, HO OcHOROTOMAraIOMUMi MpHHTUIT OcTaeTes To-MpextieMy 1e- VGMCHIIDIM: CoMILLE jLOIDKeH CosaTh H.LHOSHIO IBY AHA HHCTPyMeHTa, HCHOAbIYs 151 910- TO BCero HIND MexaHHgM BOCKpoUSBeAeHHA aanMcH anyka. B pesy.trare HacrpoiiKa mpour- poiparens comuion ners6eKHo pKMOYaeT B ceGA CHeAyIOMUe BOMpOCHI: Kak HacTpOIETD TOHDI CoMILIOB THO pacuIATKe KABHATYPAI, KOT/a MHAILAMPORATs ROCHPONSBE;eHMe KaxKAOTO COMTI SBYKa, KAK 3aMKHYTb CoMILT B KOMBO (lOOp) TAK, TOG OGeetIesMIT HenpepprBHOe ROcKOHS- pejlerMe aRy‘iartlia HOTT 10 Tex Nop, HOKa KsTaprIta HaaKATA? Packnapka knasnatypbl Xapaktep anywania OombImmHeTBa akyCTIMIeCKHX MHICTpyMerToB saMeTHo oTaMMaeTeA Ha PAGHEIX yuacTkax HX ToHaMbHOTO ANTaTlasOHa, JL ROCTIEKCHTA MakcHIMAMIBHO! PeasHCTHAHO- CTH SByAHMIA MoxHO CoaaTb OTMEMbHBIe COMILTBI Lis RCeX HOT KNABHATYDBI, HO B GOmBIIHE- ctpe ca1yiaen sro Henerecoo6paato. C npakrimecko#i To4Kn apeHtia TaKoit papmanT nomTH He pearen: xora pesyanrar Gyner oeNb peanucTHIecKHM, juIA 9TOTO NoTpebyeTes ruraHtcknit O6beM nasyirn ja u HleoGxouMocTH B atom Het. Baecto atoro paapaSorsnkH Hamlti enoco6s: “DacTaKeHHsi” COMILNOB 110 HecKOJDKHM HOTaM. B mpocreiiiuem cayyae Toni Beex HOT KaBMaTypHI TOyYaloTCA TIyTeM “pactseHHA” BCe- ro oHoro comusta. Ju paspadorunka wicrpymenTa camptii npocroii cnoco6 MaMerterns ToHa coMiita — BocnpousnoHT» ero c GompmIcH HIM MeHbIIe!i CKOPOCTHIO B 3ABHCHMOCTH OT TOTO, Ha Kakyio HoTy ero HeoGxoauMo HacrpouTb. (Kak yoke roBopiinoce B IpeNBILy III TARAX, pe- anbubiit mpowiece XoppeKtwit ToHIa OTNAeTCs OF TOTO, KAK aTO eNAeTER B MATHHTODOKE H.1H ipommpstmarene rpammacranox, B aaimom cyae ocymecraaseres Tacbponar uireprona- us cuTHasa, Ho Ha cryx pesyastar Homyyaercs asiasiorumbiM.) Taxolk THM cavmitepa yo6eH H MpHrogen a peamisanum pala ceusbiberron, xora H He MOAXOMMT 71a COBaHHA Ha OC- Howe TexHOMOTHIT ROCHPOMSRENeHHA coMILIOB PeaincrHecKOl uMMTANHM sByYaHHA akyCrH- MECKHX HHICTPYMEHTOB, Anprepnatupoll vsmexeHimo cKopocrn pocnpousenenns commuia amaseres HaMeneNe BNICOTEI €FO ToHA MPH CoxpanieHu sLUTTeNDHOCTH spy‘aKNst, TaKHM CMOCOGOM MOxHO, Ha- TIpUMep, cexaTS TAK, HTOGHI B Pactulastke P'UTMa yslapHolk ycraHOBKN NO KulaBHaType TOAD HOCTS SBYKa YAPHEIX HUCTPYNeHTOB Mesulacb, a juLHTenbrOcTs — Her. JLim yaysmenHa Ka- MeeTHA 9pYYAHHA COMTLTOR Toczle TAK! OOpaGoTKH B coMIITepax HeMOAKAYIOTeA pasmrIHbe anropurrast, 10 nce papHo ¢hakr ocTaetcs (baxtom: pactsbKeHHe JuTH sBYKa GecesTeNHO He TpO- XOJMT, KaK Mor Yoke BILE B MPeABULYMINX raBax. Xora HeTlOAbsORAHHE OMpeneeHHBIX a- TOPHTMOB WHTepHOAAIMH TOSBOMACT MUHUMMSHPOBATD VCKaKeHMA 3ByKa, CBA creKTpa BHEPX HMI BH TO MKaHe YacTOT HeHaGEXKI1O IPUBOAUT K 3aMeTHOMY HaMeHeHHIO TeM6pa anyka. Kpome Toro, oftioro comma HenOCTaTOAHO JUI61 Toro, TTOGH aKKypaTHO KOTIMpOBATS xapakTep wisMeenis TeOpa LCTPYMeHTOB B HX TOHABHOM AUaNaSOHe (:ampHMep, TOCTBIE Gaconsre crpyrn manmio To TeMOpy SByYaKusA OTHeTIMBO OTIMYAIOTCA OT TOHKHX CTPYH TO sepxniero perricrpa). Kak mpaBiio, eNUHCTBEHHBIC HaTuH, B KOTOPHIX AVIA pacKsaslKH aByKOB MHeTpyMenta no Bceit KaBHatype TOCTaTOUHO EAHHCTBEHHOFO COMMLIa, — ITO HATH YAPHBIX uineTpymerrron. 442 TaABA 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M 1POTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTDI Uro kacaerest upyrnx wicrpyMentop, TO B GombiMMHeTRE TaTueli cuHTesaTopoB — mpoutr- pHIBaTexeH COMILNOR HCTOMBSYIOTCA MYIBTHCOMTLTHI: B HHX BIATHONAeTCA HaGOp SBYKOB HHCT- PYMeHtTa pasiisix TOHOR H 9TH COMTI HasHaTaIOTCH OMpestesIeHHBIM TpyTITTaM KTABMM, B Pe~ aymbrare “ero cABHT m060ro 43 HHX TO BBICOTe TOHA He TIPERBMMAeT BCeTO HeCKONBKUX nlomytonon (pu. 9.12). Epynmna tovion, Koropyio noKpsiBaer coMILI, HasbIBaeTest 3ox0% (zone). MOTE re ree nn POT ny Puc. 9.12. lpamep TannsHoro pezakropa packnagky KNaBKATYPbI, OTKDEITOFO B NPM ftoxeHnn Native Instruments Kontakt. Xora 8 aaHnom oprennakHoM MynLTHCOMnNe WHET OTAENbHEIX COMNMIOB ANS KaXQOH HOTEL, UX 4MCNO BiMSKO K TOMY: OTAEMbHEII caMnn noxpplBaeT BCero A86-TpH HOTEL Yenoseveckuil cxyx xpaiiue wyacranrenen k waMereim0 teM6pa u Bsicorss Toa, nOITONy paspaborwixy GuGaMOTeKH SBYKOB MpIXOATCA HATH Ha pasuLte yxuMIpeHAA, YTOOH cTepeTh PasuMy b sByYaHUH Ha rpaHHMAX aoH; ecm JTOLO He cleats, TO HepeKIuOYeHHe coMiTepa 1a ontoli sonBI B Apyryio 6yner HenaGextio pactosiapatecs Ha cnyx, Komuuectso coMIIOB B KOHKPeTHOM MYsIDTHCOMILIe SaBIICHT OF KOHKpeTADIX yenoBUti pemaemoit salaumt 1 BosMoxHocreli annaparypp.. Hanpumep, Bo MuorEx GuGauoTeKax cbop- TaaBA 9, METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA Ml IPOTPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTBI 443 TeTMALNDX COMIIOB HMeeTCs BEIGOP OAMOTO M TOTO xe MYAIBTHCOMILIA pasitbIx pasMepos. Brarue nepewm “XXL” xaxsoii kranmme moxer Gurr nasHauent ovemmeiit conn (a wane jaoxe Ha6op common). B marie nepcnn “lite” MoryT 6niT coOparr apyrue counter, nOKpEI- BaIOLIMMe Cpasy HecKO.IGKO KIIABHIT; TaKOlt nar Goxbmie NOAXOAMT pia ancamOns mCTPyMeH- TOB, KOIa MPHXOMUTeH 3a60THTHCA 06 9KOFOMHOM PacxonOBaHUN namsTH. Coepx6ombmott (super-sized) nas, ana xoroporo cHsTs nce orpariranrres, — 970 ruraSaitrat onui)ponarmbix S8YKOB. Takoit nara myMe Acero NOAXOMUT zis COMbHBIX HerOmeHMit, Kora y KOMbIOTepa HUKAKHX IpyTmX sajiat Her. Packnanka knasnarypbl Ana HaGopa yAapHbix mHcTpyMeHTOS Or mncrpymenranbusix naruell Tpe6yerea MaxcuManbiioe Cortaconanie apysanius cowm- J10B Ho packlasiKe KuaBHaTyppl. B caysae iaSopa YaapHBIX HHCTPYMeHTOR, OmHAKO, HYHO KaK pas oOpatuoe: y kaxuoii Homo JomxeH 6si7b cBofl ocoObill aByx, NoTOMy To BB 6yzeTe coOn- pars “naGop’, HasHavas pasnbie aByku passim MIDI-KxapniaM (pute. 9.13). Puc. 9.13. Beco "pacraKenis” moxoxx coMnioB no Knasvarype 8 Oapabat- Hbix CoMNnepax, TaKHx KaK Guru KoMnaHuv Fxpansion, pasHbiM HOTaM HasHayaloT- A 3BYKH PagHLIX yAapHeXx MHCTPYMeHTOS (1). BaTeM MOXHO BLISbIBaT 9TH COMN- sii, uonosbays MIDI-TexHonorwio: G NOMOUIbIO KaBNATYDbI, Ha6OPA SMeKTPOHHEIK YaapHteix HHCTPYMeHTOB Hnh CapababHbix oaywleK, BbINOMeHHBIX B crane MPC (2). B HexoTopeix camnmepax, Hanpymep & Guru, NDe~ycMoTpeH AONOMHUTENbHEIT cexseHcep MIDI-o6pasy08B (3), ¢ MOMOLLio KOTOPOrO MOXKHO COaAaBaTs PHTMHYE~ cKie Tpadaperel Ha anemerrapom ypopne pacisraka Ha6opa yaapHbIxX HCTpyMeHTop 10 KuaBuaType cBOmuTeA K sajlaniNNO juiarIagorIa HOT, BKOTOPOM BCEM KARIM HasMaNa!OTCA SBYK PAsHBIX \yolaprisrx micrpymertos (Tarra, Gompiioii Oapa6an, mamuili Gapa6ant u7.2.). Bor re crew 444 THABA 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M 1POTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTDI cbuxauusa General MIDI (GM) oxaspisaercs: nechMa KcTATH: NocKOsIbKY pacKuaKa 3ByKOB YAapHbIX MHCTPyMeHTOR 10 KaaBHaType yAMduUMpoBaHa, MpH BBIGOPe HOBOTO HaGopa YsapHbIX KCTPYMeHTOR OTMajaeT HEOGXOAUMOCTS B PeMaKTUPOBAHUM AOPOKH CeKBEHCE- Pa, aM HeHO.THMTesAM He HY:KHO BCAKHi pas Mepeysusaréca. MweHHo 110 aT! MpHUUHe BO MHOFHX laT¥ax HaGOpOB YJlapHbIX HHCTPYMeHTOR packslatKa TO KnanHaType AemaetcA 10 cranmapry GM, nae 8 TOM Cia, ecu OHM He BXOAST B rpymMy YRHdHUMpOBAHHDIX B cIle- auadbuxanan GM spyKox (Goaiee noxpo6uo o cranaapre General MIDI uuraiite 8 rane 8). Tipu peammermueckoii umurallun sByyania neqanbubix TapenoK (hi-hat — xali-xot) nos- uukaer Hozast ipou1ema. Hacrosue xaii-xorbt (cBOeHHBIe TapeIKH, Ha KOTOPBIX MOAHO Mr- pars GapaGarnein nasionnKaMH H rreylastbI0) MoTyT OnITh B OMHOM 1S ABYX nosOReHHit — HTH paaqBAHYTbI, WIA MpHoKATEI Apyr K Apyry. JLaz MMATaNHA JocTaToUHO obpasioB sByYaHA aTOTO WECTPYMeHTa B THK JBYX NOMOXEHMAX, HO CTOUT MPUCBOMTS 9TH CSMMLIbI COCeAHHM MIDI-kaapnimtam — 11 1oapaaerca BOsMOAHOCT) OAHOBPEMeHHO UTPATb Ha PAsBMAYTHIX Ha LIpWKATBIX UPyT K UPYTY TAPEIKAX, YEO HA PealbHOM HECIPYMeHTe Cleat HEBOSMOAHO. B pasqsunytom nosoxenn Tapenka Oyler sBeHetb HOCHe yap HO Hell, HO, KaK TOJbKO BBL OMMYCTHTe Hellanb M Tapemku UpwMYTCA Apyry K Apyry, sBou MpeKpatures. BoamMoxxnocrs OmHOBpeMeHUO TOO H APYTOTO O3HAyaeT, ITO, HOCE TOTO KAK BbI IPWKUMAeTe JIUTABP! APYT K ADYTY, OHM TpoLOMKaIOT aReHeTs (MOMCKASKA: PUSHECKH 9TO HEBOSMO>KHO). TDYMIMpyst COMMTBI, MOXKHO MPHGTUSHTH aBYYAHHe BUPTYANDUBIX MeMAbHbIX TapeOx K peaisHomy. Crpynnupyiire sByk pasABMKYTBIX H IPWKaTbIX APY" K APYTY TaPEdIOK Tak, YTO- 601 MpH BocMPONSBEeHHM SBYKA IIpHATHN TapeTOK BOCTPOHSRENeHMe 3RYKA PAsTRMHYTHX TapenoK 60KUpoBarocs. Takaa *yHKuMA, NpexyCMOTpeHHaA BO MHOrHX MpourpsrBaTensx MILIOB, HASLIBACTCA “CpYIIIBI C HomaBseHHeM” (mute groups), “rpynm1 c 6aoKuposKoié” (choke groups) wm “rpynnier nenanbinnix ” (hi-hat groups). B cxyyae ucniompsosanus TOTOBBIX HaTHei MpocTHIx HAGOPOR YapHBIX HHCTPYMeHTOD Tosb9OBATEMO YaMe Hcero Ne HYRHO MPEAIPHHUMATS KAKHX-TO CHeIMANHBIX Mep /(151 TOTO, ¥TOGBI OGectewUTS peaTHeriM- ueckoe sByyaHle BHDTYaTHHBIX Nexans TapenoK (hi-hat), noromy wro paspadorsuKom GuGanoreKu sByKOR yxke CAeAHO BCe HeoSxomHMoe AAs JTOrO. Uro6Et cossath cobeTREHHDIE HaOopbl HHCTPYMeHTOB, NOHaxOGuTeH cosnars Tpymny m ganarb wim Hee OMIM HOJMOUKH wan GroKuposanus (mute). KoxeuHo, MysbIKAHTBI-YiapHMKH TOMUMAIOT, TO axe 9tOT Bi Duan? — Beero IMM NPHMETHBHAA HMITANNA sByTAHNA PeaMbuLIx renaTbHBIX TapeNOK, 1a KOTOpDIX MOXKHO HrpaT MHOXECTHOM PaIHBIX CHOCOSOR, Ht B KaxKTOM cnyaae anysanne OyneT oco6sm. Bor novemy 6 Taxnx mHCTpyMentax, Hanpumep, Kak Battery xommanmm Native Instruments, xacuuroiaetes 72, a we 8 “oKonrek” Jui abyKon HaGopa Gapadannbix sncTpy mex Top. Jocronticrso TexHoslorHN rpylin ¢ HosABTeHHeM 3aKMOYaeTCA B TOM, TO OHA MpHToHa He TONBKO Jka MonesMpOBAHH TAKIIX COCTOAHif, KaK “OTKpBITO-SaKpHITO", HO Mt As18 1060TO, Kakoro xoTHTe, Tila TlepeKmo¥ens. Wecxons m3 cnemaduynocri groit sana, uit Tex, KOMy MpUXomNTeAR HOCTOAHHO JauH- MaTpca TaKOil KpontorsiNBo!t paGoToll Kax packTanka KAABHaTypLI jLIT HAGOPOD Yatapmx wI- cCrpyMenToB, MpeKpacHbIM Tlo”cnopbem 6y,(eT creltasmsnpoBaHHbIi CoMmslep y/apHbIX HACT- pymenros. Coppemenime cammepsi— mpimepaxm moryt cayauts Kontakt, MOTU Machfive Steinberg HALion, — kak mpapii10, ochiamertst Bcesar teoGxommonH HHCTpy- MeHTaMH, a8 TaKHX IporpaMMubIx HieTpymeHTax, Kak Battery xommannn Native Instruments, GURU xomaruu FXpansion, LmPlug RMiy, 1 8 amapatmsx yerpoiierna tuna Akai MPC- 2000 stux sosmoxHocreli eme Gosbine, aK TOMY 2Ke ect 1 TIHaTeMBHIO Mpony Manni, yno6- tpi marrep¢ette. Koxeano “naGop yaaprerx uicrpymextos” (drum kit) once ne osiaaer, uro 970 omer Guin uMeHHo ynapHbie uHCTpymerTsr, Horas B Takom “tiaGope” Moxer 6oITP HCE NTO yrojHO: a TaaBa 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IPOPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 445 cremate sByKU 211 sByKoBOrO ocbopMuteHUA CHeKra‘cIA, O6pasiw OMMGPOBANUDLS sBy- Kop Tomoca /UIa NECHU B CTHLIE XIM-KOM, pasaMTHbIe PHTMUMECKHe CerMenTH, Hapesantie HS AOPOXKH YAapHBIX UECTPYMENTOR ja BHeceHNA pasHooSpasHa B PHT, HK sOGaR unas KOMOntallust OTHUHIDIX APYT OT ApYTa SBYKOR. Uuxanuecku nostopsempie ayjuooGpasut! (loop) u crapTosbie TOUKK Spyk GapaSatiop, ynapHsix WHCTpyMeHTOR, IMNKOBEIX HNeTpyMeHToR Tuma rHTapsr Mapdbt, a TajoKe THaHUHO HaUHaeTes c pesKoll, yAapHoll aTaku u satem TocTeneNHO saTHKA- er. Hanpuep, yuuimnnre raTapHyio CrpyHy, H €e SBYK, HOSBHBIIMCH CkaKOM, TocrerexHo satmxner, [pour 9TOT sByK MozHO, TOMIBKO CHOBa yuLUTIyB CTpyny. UMurapopars sByya- He TAKHX HNICTPYMeHTOR, HcTIOsIBaYA TexHoOTHiO BOCKPOHIBEReIIIA COMTUTOB, HeCTORIO: TIpH HagkaTHH KNABHINK BOSHETKAeT 9BYK, HO, ECAH BHI OTMTYCTIETe KNABHIY 70 Toro, KaK BoC- mponspoqnMetit spy 3aTHIXHIeT, COMILIep MpocTo mpeppeT ero RocMpoHSBeTeHHE. Cneynanbibie HHETPYMeHTEI CuHTesa SBy4aHKMa yAApHbIX MHCTPyMeHTOB, vcnonsayiouyve TexHonoriio EocnponsBeseHMA coMns0s Ypapruie vioTpyMeHTbl YHUKANbHE! 8 TOM CMBIGMe, HTO BCe HOTBI OTAMHAIOTCA He- TosTopuMocTbIo aBy¥aHiia. B cneuMannenpoBaHHbix puTM-Malunlax O6bI¥HO Npe- AYCMOTPeHb! CpencTa MHAMEMAYANbHOTO KOHTPONA KaXAOrO sByKa — HESABVCH- Man HacTpolika, dunerpauna n shdexrs. Bo mHOrMX cnyyasXx B Wx cocTas BKmIO4aI0T TaKoKe CeKBeHCepss MIDI-o6paayios (pattern sequencer) ana KoMnoHOB- ku purmuuecknx Tpadbaperos. PacknaaKka 3ByKOB ynapHbix KHCTpyMeHToR no cTaHRapty GM. Vicopmauna © packnapKax OCHOBHbI HaSOpoB yAapHbIX UHCTPYMeHTOB NO cTaHAapty GM ny6- mkyerca Ha Web-caiire www. midi-hits.com/GM Drums. html. Snyuarme coMMIUKOBEIX CTPYHHDIX HHCTPYMeHTOR, MenHHDIX M NepeRAHHDIX YXOBLIX HHCT- PYMeHTOR, anyK KOTODETX MoXer HomLIepActnaTses Ha CTAGHLIBHOM YPOBHE, He SaTYXAA, TIpeN- Crabaser coGoit upoGuemy. Has uyakio, ur0601 Hora He Mpekpamasta sBy'aTs 10 Tex Top, MOKA RoTABHWa HaxKara, Oy TO BETO HecKOUKO CeKYHA HK Heme aEMEYTHI. TloCKOPKY UMETD coMILt KAKNOTO SBYKa NOM MUNYT jlecAT HepeatbHO, HY:RHO HaiiTH cnocoG sactaBuTL COMMIT SBY'ATS CTOIBKO, CKOADKO MODKET SBY'ATH CaMAN jLTMHHAst HOTA B MCTOMHeHAH Burxon aakmouaeTcs B WlkmMYecKOM HOBTOpEHIN CaMILIa— 10 OKOHYAHEH BOCTpOHSBe- ‘eHNs sarincn sByKa MpOurpHIBareNb BosupalllaeTcs K ee HaANY K NpOMOMKaeT ROCTPOHSBO- ‘urs apyk, Ho TUTKAMeCKH TOBTOPATD HYIKHO He Bech COMTI OT HasaiTa O KORA, NOTOMY 470 PSTOM Caryae BMECTO HeNpepLIBHOTO aByKa Mbt Oy/[eM CMbIINIATS NOBTOpHI ATAKH M SaTyxAHHA anyka. Uro6s u36exarb 9TOrO, B COMILIepax MperyeMorpera yHKUMA, KOTOPAR jaeT BOs MOIRHOCTD OTMCTHTS YYACTOK conta (OGKITHO STO YuacTOK r/e-TO B CepeMMHe HIM KOHITE cama) 1 ituKu4ecKH nostopar» (loop) usexHo ero. TakHM o6pasom, oGecneuMBaeTCs BO3- MORHOCTD COSMaIlHIA SBYKa, HayHHaIOU\erocs C OTHeTTHBO CrbIMIMO; ATaKH, 8a KOTOPOI cste- ayer cbasa “yuacTox Hesatyxaiomero syyasus” (steady-state sustain) (puc. 9.44). IIpodec- cuonanbinte paapaSoTHkn O6pasilos sByKOB UcrOsbAyIOT CHeNMaNbHHIe HHCTPYMeHTDI 1A criaxuparus rpanuipr MexAY COCCHIUMH WnKKIaMH. (Zs 9TOrO MerrosIBAyeTcs TeXHOTOTHA cross-fade — waviamo HopOTO Wnicla HaktaqbinaeTcs Ha KOHeN penbiAyMIero, MPH 9TOM ypo- 446 TAABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA Ml IPOTPAMMMBIE HHCTPYMENTI eH TPOMKOCTH B KOHIE MpeHbINYIIeTO HHK.Ta HLIABHO CHYORAETCS! H OJHOHPEMEHKO TpOM- KOCTS B Havaze caenyioIlero Luka 1LaBHo MOBbUUAerest. BooGmIe-ro, AoGHTBCA “HesaMeTHOC- TH” rpaHUIIEI MPH UMKTHYECKOM BOCMPOUSBEACHHM SByKka BEChMa HeMpOcTo — Halll CLYX O4Hb B1erko BBITeMLeT PUTMMMMECKHe NOBTOPE, BOSHUKAIOIIMe NIH LHKLTECKOM TrOBTOpeHHM BAYA, TOUNO TAK Ke, Kak Hallle BpeHHe JIeTKO BEMLENMer YsOpHI Ha OGosx.) THIUUHDIME HacTpolca- MM, MPeNYCMOTPeRHBIMH B IPOHTpHIBATENAX COMILIOB, ABASLOTCs Coley :OULNE. © Havansuas u koxeuaa Toukn (start/end point). Tospoxmor sanarb o6myo army camila OT ataka 70 3atyxanua. Stu nactpoifk nomesHbt He TOMBKO LIS CossaAHHst UK.IO8; ¢ 11x Xe TOMOMISIO MOO BApbHPORAT aysHOOBpasttb! M PHTMETYECKHe Tpa- papers m ncrioassonats ux Aa18 cenadxberros. Puc. 9.14. 3ayk uncTpymeHra, Au KOTOPOFO xapakTepHO MPOAOAKUTENbHOe sBya- Hine B YCTaHOBHEWIEMCH DexHMe, HaYnHaeToA G cask aTaKu (attack) (1), 3a KOTOPOH cneayer dasa Hesaryxaiowero seyyanna (sustain) (2) m sare — dasa saTyxannsa (decay) (3). Baga pexum unKnudecKoro noBTOpeHMa yiacTKa YCTAHOBMBULeFOCA SByka 6 COMNepe, MOXHO COSMaTs CIMNN, KOTOpbIM OyaeT SByYaTe HEOTPaHNNYEHHO Aonro (6 ka4ecTee npnmepa noKasax penakrop Loop Editor na npunoxexus Kontakt) Tosoxenue mmmeckH nostopsemoro ysactka (loop location). ra nactpoilxa a- €T BOSMORHOCTS SaslaTb YeaCTOK (y4acTRH) ayaHooSpastta, KoTOpETHt NOMKEH KATE C&M BocHpousBoAHTECs IPM HaxATO! KIABHLe HOTHI. CAMIILIeP, BOCTPOMSBOTLT SBYK, TOWAeT No KOKA UMKAM4eCKH HOBTOpAeMOTO Y4aCTKa H 3aTeM HaYHeT HerIpepBIBHO ero HOBTOpATD, NOSTOMY HYKHO BHIGHpAT yuacTOK B cpesueli yacrH comma (ZIM TOFO TOOK UMKANYECKH MOBropsembIli yuacToK sByua mpaBuibHo, Guo tpebyereR TOHKas KODPEKI, @ Hacrpolixu pexuma unxamseckoro nortopenua (loop method). Ipezyemorpenst B PAE COMILIepOD; HOSHOLISIOT 3ajlaT MaPAMeTpbI PexuIMA INIKATHYeCKOTO HOBTOpe- Hii — HeOrpaHMYeHHoe HOBTOpere TMMKa HH OMtpeAeTeRHOe UENO THHKIOB 1 Ha- Mpapxetve, B KOTOPOM OcyMecTBAIeTCA BOcIPOMIREAEHHE NKANNECKH HOBTODHe- Moro ysacrka. Bapwanr nuKAMIeCKoro noBToperHs “ipsiMoii u oGparutsii” (back- TaaBa 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTHI 447 and-forth), Korma KeKIOM HOROM UMKKIe MeHAeTeA HanpaBseHne BocMpoNaReneiist UMKJLMMECKH TOBTOpsieMOrO YuacTKa BByKca, OGecrieMMBaeT Gostee POBHOE SByYaHHe, eM 3 cHy'ae IMIKJMMeCKOTO HOBTopeHs YuaCTKa BByKa BCe BPeMs! B O;HOM HaNpANIeKUH. 1 Kpocesemmur » usnexe (loop cross-fade). Ira nacrpolixa oGecneummaet crawxunanue TPAHHIQH MeaRRY HUNTIAME 3a CHET TOTO, NTO HavaO HOBOTO TutKeTa HakcTapIBACTes 1a KO- eI npenpinymero. [pu StOM yponerib rpoMKOCTA B KOLLE NPeBIYMETO MNCIa TiTaBHO CHWKAETCH H ONHOBDEMeHTHO TPOMKOCTS B HavamTe calexYIOMLeTO IutkeTa TATABHO MOBBMMIAeT- ca, Jaa cTHpana crbika WHKIOB Take TpeByeTcA ToNKast Hactpolika, xOTR aTy Ha- crpoliky Moxxio oTKmouTE, uTO6H coanaTs onperesennbti cnenodxbexr sBysAKHA, Textonorna BocnponsBemeHus comnnos, NoskonsoWjaA yuNTEIBATE TexHMKy UcnonHeHus: napametp velocity TIpH pasHoit akcmpeccu vcnomenna ta akyCTHYecKOM MHCTpYMeHTe SBYK CTaHOBHTCA He MpOCTO rpomue 11M THILIe, Kak pH NOBOpOTe peryzsTTOpa TPOMKOCTH; HPH 9TOM HBMeHAeTCA ero temOp. Kak npasuio, mp Gosee peskom Yalape lo KAABHILIe He TOABKO BOSpacTaeT TPOMKOCTb SBYKa, HO MB eo CheKTpe HosBAReTCA Gombue OGepTOHOS — sBYK CTAHOBUTCA BoIpAsHTENBHee. Kpome toro, cymecrsyior pasuble npuemnt urpet Ha WHcTpyMertte: 970 Moxker OBITS, Hanpuep, cello pizzicato, xorxa ucnomauten> jepraer Cxpytibl, a He BesLeT TO HUM CMEIHKOM, Besixuit pas, KOMa HEOOXOAMMO 10aBUT) HHCTPYMeHTY HOBEIe RapHAHTst TenOpa, KOTOPEIX HEBOSMOXHO 110 Gurbca c HoMOMDIo bunbrpanMH, MoxyamyuM u Mpoueccopos addexros, npuxomUTCA 106aB- aise eitte oftHH (bait aymMosanucu 4 cpencrBa ynpaBieHusi HM 10 MIDI-uirrepdeiicy. Camoii pacnpoctpanernoii texnosorneit spusietcst Tak HaabipaeMan MepeKDeCTHAs KOMMY- ralliia 1O CKopocTH Haxkatia Kab (velocity cross-switching). Koraa ucnonssyerca ara TEXHOAOTUA, COMILIED BHIGUPACT {LIA BOCHPOUSBEACHAA paAsHbIe COMIUIKL B 3aBHCHMOCTA OT auaeHns napamerpa velocity, ykasannoro » MIDI-coo6inenmm naxKaToit KTaBHIIM HOTBT. Hanpunep, Moxo sanucats CaMtit HOTS! HacTpyMerTa, Hcnomsemoli mezzo-forte (cpennsia TPOMKOCTD), H SareM— TOii 2Ke HOTBL, HO UcHOMHAeMOli fortissimo (o¥eH» rpOMKo), YTOObI 3a- cbuxcuponar pasairane p temOpe apywaniia HOTD Mey STUNAL AByMe BapHanTaMn ueHOMHE- ust, Hasnasins garmicannte commuter paskibmt mMarrasonam sHavertit napaMerpa velocity, HcoMILt fortissimo Gyser BOCHpONsBOANTECA TosIKO npHt Goslee PesKOM YAape TO KTaBH- me, IIporpaMaupozanne Mexannama rlepexpecTHoit KoMMyTalImM To CKOpOCTH HaxkaTHa Kuta- suumn (velocity cross-switching) — aro ene Gomee TRopYecKas saqada, YeM packiayKa MyJIb~ THCEMIIOB HO KiaBuAType, HOTOMY TO PeaMMCTHHOCTS 3ByYALHA HHICTpyMeHTa B BBIcUIeli CTENeHH 3aBHCHT OF TOTO, Kak B HEM YuITBIBAETCH TeXtMKa MCHONHeHHE! Ha WHICrpyMente. Tlepexpectuas KoMMYyraliHa 10 CKOpOcTH HaxaTHa KiaBHuIH (velocity cross-switching) — Xons U HanGowtee pacupoctpaxeHubili, 10 He eAuHeTBeHUBI CHOCO KOMMYTANMH COMILIOB On- Hoi u Toit 2%e Hors. B wexoroprIx comiuiepax McnOmbayloTes Apyrue chocobsl, HaupHMmep ympanqenme Bui6opox caMri10B ¢ HOMOILbI0 KONeca Moxy, HOO neNAMK Hamm TarKe Hocpeucrsom HasHavenia nencnonssyemix MIDI-Kaasum xsasnatypst 1a pox rlepermoya- Teacli; 06 arom uuraiite p pasnene “BuGsuorexs opKectponbix coMm103". BuGnvotekn opkectpospix comnnoB Peannotmueckn 38yauunit OpKeCTP, COsnaHHbili C NOMOLbIO TexHonorMn Bocnpo- WaBeneHnA CaMm0B, — 3TO CAMbIl KeNAHHbIM UB TO Xe BPEMS CAMBIlt CHOXHDIM BapMaHT MHCTpyMeHTa Ha Oase MHCTPymeHTanbHENX caMmnos. TOHATHO, noYeMy! CAMBIMi KeNaHHbIM, BeAb UCNONHEHMe BAlLIeTO CONMHEHIIA SaKkaaHbIM OPKecTPOM 448 TIABA 9, METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA HM MPOLPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTBI o6ormerca Heneweso. Ho MMUTUpPOBATb OPKECTPOBOE MCNONHEHHE C NOMOLYbIO TEXHONOTMA BOCNPOMSBELEHNA COMNNOB CHEHb GOXHO MO HECKOABKMM NpHYH- Ham: HeOGxoguUMO OxBaTuTr LIMPOKMii COCTAB MHCTPYMeHTOB, NPAsMNbHO MMMTH- PoBaTb CO¥eTAHMe SBYYAHHIA CONbHbIX HHCTPYMEHTOB C BHCaMGreBbIM SByHaHNeM W OTpaShTb 8 SByYaHHIM pasHibie TexHiuka UCnoAHEHWA. ‘Aucam6nu u cono. CyujecTayior 8a nopxopa K TpakrowKe pasnuiua mexAy aH CaMONeBbIM M CONbHBIM “HCTpyMeHTamu, Of V3 HX COCTOMT B OTHENbHON sanvicn (06pasuios Seyka CONbHbX MCTPYMeHTOs M aHcaMOns 1 8 NocnenyoUJeM HesaBncHMoM VicnOnBsOBAHIN NONYYeHHEIX COMMNOE A/a BOCNPOVSBENEHVIA SBYYAHHA CONHEEX MHCT- PYMeHTOB B CONPOBOKAEHINH aHCAMOns. JIpyroi, pexe McnonEsyeMbiii, BapuaHT SaKmIO~ 4aeTCA B OTAENbHOM sanvcn coMnnos BCEX MHCTPYMéHTOS 1 CoaMAHAM aricaM6neB0ro SByuaHMA nlyTeM, AHANOTHHHEIM TOMY, KOTOPEII WMeeT MECTO B PeaNLHOM OPKECTpe, T.€. Coafanve sByvaHisn atcamOns nyrem KOMGMHALIMM CONLHEIX SByYaHHii ero MHCT- pyMeHTOB, MocnenHsa TEXHONOTVA C TOYKN SpeHIIA HEOOXORMMBIX BLIMACKUTENbHEIX pecypcos npoueccopa u o6bema naMaTu senserca Gonee TpYAOeMKOH, HO Obecne- uusaet GOES WMPOKHE BOSMOKHOCTH COSMAHHMA OPKECTPOBOTO sayKA Mi Nyse cnpasnseTon ¢ TaKuMM sanavami, Kak SBy¥aHe CTpyHHoro opKecTpa M T.n. (TakaA ‘TexHONOMA peanvgoBaHia, HanpvMep, B OuGnMoTeKe OpKecTpOBbIx caMnnos Garritan Personal Orchestra, www.garritan.com, pwc. 9.15). Temu, kro cneyvanusupyer- (cA Ha CO3HaHiN opkecTposEx MIDI-naptutyp, ucnonbsyercs rMOpvaHan TexHono- TW, KOTOpAA GaKniONAeTCA B CMeLUMBAHIAM COMM aHCAMGseBOro sByYaHiiA C COM- Mal COMbHbIX MHCTPYMEHTOB. Puc. 9.15. B Ou6nuoteKax opkectposex cammnoe (u Apyrux 6uSAuoTeKax aBy- 0B COMbUINX aHcaMGner, Hanpumep xopOBEIX) peanMayioTCA PasHbIe [OAXOAbI Kk cosgaHiio wanosvu alcamGnesoro sayyanns. Hanpymep, 8 6uGsmoTeKe Gar- ritan Personal Orchestra Bb| MoxeTe OObeAUHATe OTAeNbHEIX UCnONHHTENeH B rpynnei Tapa 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOTPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTBIL 449 [amma MHCTpyMeHToB. CroxHOCTS M UCKMIOYNTeNbHEI OOBEM OPKECTPOBLIX GuGnnorek — 9To To, #70 HEBOSMOXHO OGoITH. ConepxaHne peanbHbKx opKecT- Pos OGXonMTCA O¥eHb AOPOrO; aHANOTMYHO AMPTYANBHBIE OPKECTPEI C TONKM Bpe- Hina HEOGXoaUMBIx BIEMCAUTeNbHEIX Pecypcos M OGkEMa OnepaTHBHOH naMsTia — YAOBOALCTENE AANeKO He M3 AeUleBbIx. OpKecTpoBbIM GuEznoTeKam C npesoc- XOAHbIM KaYeCTBOM SByYahva TpeGyloToA rvraGaiiri npOCTPaHCTBa Ha %eCTKOM Aucke MB onepaTusHolt namaTv, Ho, © APyrol cTopoxl, uHCTannupoBas opKecT- poaylo GuGnHOTeKy, BbI Nony¥aeTe B CBOe PACNOpAXeHHe OMNI HE TOMLKO aH- CaMOnesbix, HOM COMbHEI HHCTPyMeHTOR, Ynpagnenne, nossonsiowjee MMMTHpORATS PAsAMUHble TeEXHMKN HcnOnHe- hua. TexHonorna nepexpecTHol KOMMyTayWMH no Napamerpy velocity — sto Tombko Havano. PasHooGpasue TeXHHKK VCNONHeHMA B OPKECTpE MHCTPyMeHTOB HACTONLKO BENMKO, B OCOGEHHOCTH 3TO KACaeTCA CTPYHHEIX UHCTPYMeHTOB, TO ANA ynpasneHusa MMU BOSMOxHOCTeM MIDI-Knasuatypbi OKasbIBaeTCA Ke HEAOC- TaTO4HO. Maccaxku legato aByuat uHa4e, 4em naccaxn stacatto, TexHi1Ka pizzicato (uynkn ctpyk) naeT MHOM SByK, Ye TexHka arco (Mrpa CMBIHKOM). YTO yx roBO- Pirte 0 Taknx adbexrax, kak sul ponticello (Urpbi CMBIIKOM Bogne nlopox«Ka), Mrpa| Ha Tpy6e c cypAVHOl u Apyrne npnemel. M uTO eUle xpke ANA Tex, KTO npeanown- TaeT MicnonbgoBATE KnaBMuHble MIDI-VHCTPyMeHTe, TPOMKOCT sBy4aHViA OpKecT- POBLIK MHCTPYMeHTOR fake Ha NPOTAXEHMM UCNOMHEHMIA OHO HOTS! NerKo WsMe- HsleToA no xenaHnio MononHuiTens, Ha NM@HMHO Takoe VcrloMHeHNe HEBOSMOXKHO. Nporpammunposanue opKectpoatix 6HGnMOTeK Ocyu\ecTanneTcA Takum O6pasom, 4TO6bI MOXHO GbIN BOCNPONSEOAVTS MHOXECTBO paSHbIx TEXHMK MCNONHEHHA. ns storo ucnonbayiorca cneayioulne opratiti ynpasnenna. = Perynsropsi, oGecne4uBaiouyue HenpepEisHylo perynuposky. Hasia- np perynsaTopy rpoMKOCTH BUpTYANHOTO MHETPyMeHTa MIDI-Coo6WeHe Tuna control change, Hanpumep CC1, oTcbinaeMoe KoNecOM MonyAA- UMM, MBI Mony4aeM BOSMOXHOCTS iiaBHOro perynmMpoBakNA sToro napa- MeTpa a8 nyswielt peanvcTu4HocTM McnonHeHMA. @ Kommyrayus c nomouysio regan. B opKectpax He Mcnionbayioroa Take perynaTopbl, Kak nenanb ynepxakua sByka (sustain pedal), nosTomy ux MO>kHO CNONbsOBATS ANIA KOMMYTALIMM COMO, HANPMeP BbIsOBa COMN- na legato. & Kommytauua ¢ nomoupio knasvu. Zna nepexona oT OnHOM TexHNKn HC NOMHEHNA K Apyroii BO MHOTX 6uONMOTeKAX B KAYeCTBE OPTaHOB KOMMYTA- uM ucnonbsyioTca HesagecTBoBaHHbie B McnonHeHMM MIDI-knaBMun. Hanpumep, MOKHO VICONbsOBaT> CaMyIO HUDKHIOIO KnaBHIwy K/asvatypEl AIS BKMOYEHNS/BbIKTONeHMS TexHIMKH pizzicato. Muterpauna c HoTHbIMM nporpammamn. Mockonbky onHMM 13 HaMGonee pac- MPOCTPAHEHHLX BapvaHTOR UCNONbIORAHViA OPKeCTPOBLX OUONMOTeK ABNAETCA DEMOHCTPALMOHHOE MCNOAHEHNe OPKECTPOBX CONMHEHI, MHOFNe COSMHVTENA XOTENM 6b MeNOs-OBATb OPKECTPOBLIe GUGNKOTEKH B CBOMX HOTHbIX nporpaMMaXx. K coxaneHiio, oco6eHHocTH crpykrypbI OpKecTpoBbIx OUGNKOTeK COMMUIOB TAKO- BbI, NTO 9TO HE rapaHTMpyeT MONHOM COBMECTMMOCTH OPKeCTPOBLX GAGNNOTEK C ViMelOWMMICA B HOTHEIX nPorpaMMaX MHCTPYMeHTaMi asTOMaTMHeCKorO BOCNpO- ViSBEAEHNA HOTHIX sannceli. YTOGei AOGUTECA npasineHOrO BocnpoMsseneHHA 4 0 THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IIPOrPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTDI — HOTHEIX CONMHEHHi, NPUAeTCA, BOSMOXHO, 8 NOTe Mua nopaGoTaTs. Voxona us gToro, NocneaHne Bepcun HOTHEK nporpamm Sibelius (www. sibelius.com) uFinale (www.finalemusic. com) CyLyecTBeHHO Aopa6oTaHLI © UeNbIO yny4we- Hus MHTerpayin C OpKeCTPOBLIMA OnOnvoTeKaMM. [nA MONOAHITENbHEX KOH- cynbTaunii oSpaujatirect Ha Web-calirbi paspaboTuHKoB GUGmMOTeK CoMnnoB, Ha- npuimep Garritan, rae cobpaho MHOXecTEO PyKOBOACTB, WaSNOHOB CUeHApHEE M coseros nonbsonarenen. HayawTbes yBepeHHo paGorat c OpKecTposbiMn 6u6- AMOTeKAMM Ges CepbesHOn YHeOb! HEBOSMOXHO — 970 samaya He M3 Tex, KOTOpEIE. MOXHO PelwMTS Ha CKOpy!0 Byky, MeTOZOM NpoG M4 OLMGOK. Tlonnbidt orkas oT comnnos. TpanvumoHHbi BapvatT ucnonbsoBaHi‘a Commo — 970 He @AMHCTBeHHbI BapMaHT cosmaHVA OpKecTpoBOrO sByYaHus. HanpuMep, enporpamme Synful Orchestra (www. synful . com) ana cosmaHiia MnniosHn sBy- YaHMa aKYCTH4eCKHX MHCTPYMeHTOB McnonbsyeTCA TexXHOMOrMA agNMTMBHOFO cHiTesa 8 KOMONHAINM C COMMNAMM, CKOMMNOHOBAHHEIM M3 YeENbIX MybIKANBHEIX: pas. Vicnontayeman 8 9T0li nporpamme TexHonoriia Reconstructive Phrase Mod- cling (soccTakosnerne MysbikanbHbix (pas nyreM MonesMpoBaHins), paspaGoTal- Hal KOMnaHviel Synful, — 970 M He TexHonorMa CHHTesa, M He TexHoNIOrMA BOCT|O- wgbeseHva CaMmuiog, a HeKvin rHOpna, NOATBEpKAAIOUIMA, ¥TO paspaGOoTHMKH HE nipekpaulalor nonbITOK CoamaHiiA HOBbIX TexHONOrMli BHPTYANIbHbIX OPKECTPOB Kak H 8 Knacon4eckoli TexHonorun, Casupyioulelica Ha BocnporsseneHHM coMn- JOB, ANA MMUTAUN BUpTYANbHOTO OPKeCTpa NPUXOAMTeS HCnONbsOBATb HONONHN- TembHbIe Opralibi yNPABNeHMA, 4TOObI KOMTeHCHPOBATD HENOCTATOYHOGT KNABHA- Type ANA opKecTpogoro vcnonHeHua. B nporpamme Synful ana sToro ucnonbsylores nenanb rpomKoctu (CC 11) u Kkoneca amnnutyaHod n 4acToTHOA (pitch bend) moaynauyn Buptyansian opxecrposxa. Xora MbI OxsaTW1N OCHOBHEIe BONpOcKI paspaGoTKn opkecTposbix caMnnos, Mbi nponyckaem Gonee oSuye EoMpocsI. oGuTECA sBya- HUA BUPTYANLHOTO OPKECTPA, HEOTAMYHMOTO OT SByYaHNA PeaIbHOrO OPKECTpA, — 370 MCKYCOTBO. YTO Yk FOBOPHITr 06 UCKYCCTEE OPKECTPOBKA (nyYULe CNPOCHT’ O6 9Tom Pasena u Berxosexa). Mxorve nonbsogaTenu nonaraior, 4TO fOCTATOHO UMH- cTanmmposart, 646n0TeKy opkecTpoBbix Comnsos (a sTO AENO HecmOxHOe — plug- and-play), sTo6bi Tyr Ke NonyHHIT NpexpacHbie PeaynbTaTH!, OCOBeHHO ecNl Pabo- TaelUb 8 HOTHOM NPorpaMMe, HO STO No-npexHeMy AaneKo He TAK. Nakerbi HoTHoro 10, nogrorosneHHbie k u¥Terpayun c GUGNMOTeKAMn OpKeCTpO- BbIX COMMMIOB, HECOMHEHHO, OGecnevar yNPOUeHHyIO MMMTaLIMIO, HO NPM HeOBxo- Anmoctn “oTHenku” npoGHoro oGpasua BocnpousseneHHA Nyrem pegakTpoBa- Hua MIDI-coo6wenuit MoxeT notpeGoBaTécs AOONHMTeNbHOe OBy4eHHe, YTO6bI ycosepuleHcTsogarb HaBkikn MIDI-opKecrposKn. QToM Teme nocesuleHa KHMTA Tlona Punpera (Paul Gilreath) The Guide to MIDI Orchestration (Musioworks, At- lanta, 2004, waw.musicworks-atlanta.com), oaHMM us usnaTeneit KoTOpON, a TaKxe ee Hay4HbIM penaKTopom sanaetca D>xunm Ariki (Jim Aikin). Moryr oxa- SaTbOA NONeSHbIMM TAKKE KHITH MO OOLeM TeOPHM OPKECTPOBKH Takux aBTopoB, kak Kent KeHHaH (Kent Kennan), Camioans Agnep (Samuel Adler), Yontep MucTox (Walter Piston), Hakonaii Pumexuit-Kopcakos u ap. TaaBA 9. METO{bI CHHTESA 3BYKA MH NPOLPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTHL 451 Nortoxosas nepegaya aaHHbIx “3 OnepaTuBHOH NaMsTH MC KeCTKOTO ANCKa C xapxapin Honpim ukarom 8 paspa6orke peamlicTHuecKoro 1 BEIpasHtTeNsHorO HenoAHEHI Ha Gase Textoori BocnporsBeneHHA CoMILIOB YHCHO CoMIIsIOB pacter. Ito nwa upiit HeqocTaToK TexHomorHH cunTesa sRyKa, SasupyioMtelica Ha BOCTPOMaRENeHHM coymETOR: ‘470 Gb1 BHI Hit COOMPAAMCH jesIaTh, BAM TOXTH HaBepHaAKa NOHAAOHTCA AA aTOTO NpemBApH ‘reabHo sanncanubiit oOpaselt seya, JL BocupouspeneHna Bcex aTHx ayauoraiizon rpeGy- JOTCA AONOMAHTeNbHBIe KOMIbIOTepHBIe Pecypesk: COBPeMeHHBIe NeNTpambuBIe Mpoueccopa: clipapssiorcs ¢ Taxol HarpysKoll, HOoTOMY YAKHM MecTOM oKasbIRaeTCs OSBeM raMsITH, HeO6- XONMMOH jut xpaktenMa conto, JonyCTHM, MIA xpateni GuosmoTeKU coMUIOR Ha 7eCTKOM AuicKe Mecra ROCTATOUHO, HO HAM HeOGXOAAMO He MPOCTO XpaHNTs Hx, a BocnpoLaRONHT. TIpen- TOUTHTeNIbHBIM BApHantTOM sBAsIeTCH 3arpySKA COMILIOB B OTIepATHBKYIO NaMaTS, BpeMa NOCTy TTA K KOTOpoii oityrHMO MenDIITe, YeM BpeMsI LOCTYA K 2keCTKOMY JLUCKY. C HleMbIO coKpaTenTs He OoGxo;uEMOrO OGneNa onepaTHBHO! HaMsITH BO MHOTHX COMTUTepAX HeTIoMBayeTest TeXHOMIOTHS HO- ‘TOKOBOTO CHTDIBAKMA AAHEBIX ¢ KeCTKOTO AMcKa. Ho Jaake TIpH ricrIOmBSoRaHIM aTOIk TexHon0- Tin HeoGxomuMEH OGpeN onepaTHBHol maMsITH ocTaeTeA necbMa aHawHTeMbMDIM (ILIA AOCTHKEHHA ONTHNANDHOH CKOpOCTH PAGOTHI OH JOKeH COCTARIATD, KAK MPABHIO, He meee 512 MOaiit). Takum o6pasom, riaptioe NOCTOMHCTBO TOTOKORO!i Mepenain aHHBIX saknouAeTCA B TOM, 470 OHA JAeT BOSMOKHOCTD YBEAMIUBATH AMHHY COMILIOR tIpAKTHMeCKH HeorpanHteHtio, HeoGxouuMmo raioxe yAOCTOBepHTs¢s B TOM, NTO MenOmbayentit coMMep OTKMOUAeT HeHICHO.tE- SYeMbIe HAPTHM /UIA IKOHOMHH TAMATH, I YAAHTb H3 PeAKTUPyeMOrO TIaTHa YCTAHOBOK Te CoM TUNbI, KOTOPHIe daBeTOMO He HYAKHBT B MpOeKTe, Ha KOTOPBIM BEI Pa6oTaere. vnwrpel, moaynsuns u addexret BoipasurenbHocrs icnoaHenna MMCTpyMeHTOB, Gasmpyrouurxca ia TexttooTHH BocHpOHSBe- NeHHA COMMMIOB, MOXKEHO YerLTHTS Mt Ges JarpyaKW ROMOMMMTEMDMET CoMTUTOR TyTeM TILA O- Dpbinanins aysutocrrHavta impsMo ¢ porxoza renepatopa. Kax 6yer MoKasanto p cnenyIomteNt pasle- re, y cHMTesATOpOR, FasMpyIOUINAXCs 1a TeXTOTOTHME BOCMPOUISBENEUHIA COMILIOB, B TOM eMtDiCsIe MalOro O6ulero ¢ AHATOFOBHIMH BUPTYATBHDIMM HicTpyMertamn, TeoperteckHe BOIMOrKHOCTH o6pa6oTKN ayaHocnrrata ¢ BBIxoNa TeHtepatopa — KOppeKIHa crleKrpa SBYKA C MOMOILIBIO A0- HOHHTeNDHBIX (prLIbTpOB, uCTIOADsOBaNIe Mpoueccopos ornGaromteli sa “mpobutpowaHa” AMILLUTYAbI MH PYTUX NapaMeTpoB BO BpeMeHM, MonyMposanme BuemM HU-curniatom (LFO) wvicnomsonanne xdipextos, peamayembix B pexue peambxoro Bpementn. Bee 9TH cpen- Cra MpHroAHbs L151 HHCTPyMeHTos, uMuTUpYeMBIx COMIUIepAME, PABHO KAK H Te, KOTOPbIC 11C- HOAbSYIOTCA B JIpyTHx TexnoslorMax cuntesa sByka. B yelicrpurenbHoctu pu conocranenH BUpTYaIbHOTO atialOrOBOTO MACTPyMeHTa ¢ CuLHTTesaTOpoM — TIpOMrpBIBATETIeM COMMLTOR (KaK ii clitTesaropoM su0Goro apyroro THNIa) BO MHOTHX cuy4asX To OcHameHMO cpencrBanat dusts T- palin, Moayaismum 1 adxpexton Mexay HMM He Gyner npaicravieckir mEKaKoit past Dthdexrsi pozrkubt crars HeoTeMsteMOii sacrBIO HamIero HaGopa HEeTpyMenTop. BiGop o- (hexron, rcromsyeMbix B caMIUIepax, HecDMa IMPOK: OT TAKUX mposauecKUK odheextoB, Kak phaser (“«potisep” — “odxpexr cpasonoii moy.auun”), distortion (“aucroum” ~ “icKakenua”), saturation (imurarain Hacumenust MarnuTHOi nerrbr) m EQ (axsamaiisep), 10 oxsormeckux — surround panner (1uierpymerrst laHopammposanns, cosmaioue odebext OGeNETOTO SBy AIA) x convolution (cseprsa). Onmcanus psuta raknx adpextos npusestensi B rape 7. 452 TaABA 9. METOJSI CMHTESA 3BYKA Mf IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTHL wv Tipaxtuxa: 6asoabie npvembi paGors! c camnnamu Ableton Live Onmocammaonstit cumresarop— mpourpsrearenb commos Simpler 1 BocbMucaMmUIOBBIt comulep purMon ynapHbix micrpynextoe Impulse, koropBle BXOAsT B cocrab npustoreHust Able ton Live, — 310 oj v3 mpocteliitx 10 cBouM BosMoxHOCTsIM CoMtepos. Bor HeMambili 1epe- Meth Toro, lero OHM He Moryr gears: TporpamMa Simpler He MoxeT O6pa6arErBATb ONHOBPENEH- Ho Gombe onHoro coma, a 8 mporpamme Impulse nomsonateM> mmeN BosMoxHOcTH oGveaumiaTs commiabt B rpymmbi ¢ noxanernent (hi-hat group) 1 xpaHitr® Goxwitie BOCBMH SBYKOB omsiospesrerio. Mix riapiraa oco6erHocts — o6e 9TH nporpaMMbt sBIDLIOTCSI THITMSIbIMH CexBEHCE- pani, HoaTOMy Huleatbtio HoxXOT /LiA Haieli en — HaysutrBest paGoTaTe c coMmUTepAMH. Bur Moxkere mpocto nepeTackiiEat» KANITS MBIINDIO B OKHO mporpamMet Simpler 43 OKOH Session View x File Browser nporpaumi Ableton Live, sro » couetaniuu c uHcpy Menta oneparapioii nmdbponoit samacn, mpenycmorpersomn » oxne Session View, saet BosMorK- HocTh ObCTPO MlepeHOcHTh caMMNBI B HCTpyMexT — npourpsrBatetb coMmon (a 3T0 UzeR). Tporpauma Simpler He cnoco6a BocnpousnoauTs MymsrHcoMmuEl, HOB KavecTRe WHCTpY- MeuITa 4,14 ClleuMeCKOro HcnoAHeHHA H UMMpOBHsANHH ona ynOOHA TeM, TO OTHauaeT He06- XO]MMOCTS B KPOTIOTIIHBOH RoSHHe ¢ OAM COMMLIOB. 1. Sarpy:xaem conn 8 Simpler. Orxpsimaem Simpler. Jas storo BuiGupaem nycty10 MIDI-zopoxxy, 3atem Bsi6upaem Devices>Instruments=Simpler. AKriBHsupyem pxon MIDI-raiierx, menkiys spumbio 1a kHorke Arm Session Recording atoii 10- pork. Sarem neperackupaen Metmbi0 dalin — nonolizer s0Go!k — ua oxxa File Browser win Session View 8 oxomxo e nepxueli actu tlaitenn Simpler, oSosttavextioe naanuesio Drop Sample Here (rionoxku cost ciona) (pue. 9.16). Puc. 9.16. Osnages caunnepom, Bbi nonyiaere 8 CB0e pacnopaxeHHe eUe OLMH HH CTpyMeHT, paOoTaOUIM & pexnMe PeaNbHOro EPeMeHH, ANH MUKUMPOBAHUA sByKa 8 CTYANIHEIX UMNpOBHaaUNAX M CIEHMYECKHX BLiCTynNeHHAX. B npunoxeHMn Ableton Adding 861 moxere mbilibio neperaulisTs @ Simpler moOon ayano@alin THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA H MPOrPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTHL 453 2. po6yem urpate na unerpymente. B sanuicumocru or Toro, Kakyio Kapumy ta MIDI- xulapiarype (111 B ctpoxe ASDF xommproreproit (QWERTY) kuannarypmy, ecsiH Bbt uchompsyere juis HmpbI ee) RBI HaxkMete, Ableton Live apTomatuuecku Tpaxcrlouupy- €T — HSMCHHT — BEICOTY TOHA SBYKa, SanMCAHHOTO B KITHMe, NOBBICHE HIM NOHHSUB CO- OTRETCTREHHO CKOPOCTh ero BOCIIPOHsBeNeHUs. (OTMeTHM, 4TO HeKOTOpEIe COMULTEpET SMEHAIOT TONISKO BHICOTY TOH, He HAMeHiss CKOPOCTH BOCIIPoHsBENeIHLA CoMtIa.) Mit eMle He BICHOUIIM PEXUM LMKINECKOTO MOBTOpeHHs (loop), HosTOMY mpH HaxKaTuH \labMIM HauMHaeTcA BOCMPOUSBELeHMe KIMI OT Haviaila 10 KOHUA, ECM Mbt He OT- TYCKaeM KIABHIIY, HH 1O MOMeHTa OTHYCKAHMs KNABHIIH, B SABHCHMOCTH OT TOO, kaKoe m3 9tHx cobITHii mponsoiizer nepaBIM, 3. BuiGupaem HeoGxonumerii yyacrox Kamna. B psyie cayvaes Hy2kH0, ¥To6s1 BocHpous- BOMMICH He BEC KUN, a TOMPKO ero OMpereseHHBI Y4AcTOK, HalpHMep HeECKOsTIKO nepBoIx GapaSanlibix yzapoB us ayaMoo6pasia 6apaGanHoro puta (loop). B mporpam- Me Simpler Bot Moxere saapam, KaKOli yuactok KIHMa AOMKeH RocTpoMaRomMTECs TIpH Hazkar in K:IABMINIM HOTDL H KAKO YYACTOK KITA HODKEH KMKHYECKH HOBTOPATH- ca. [Ina toro ToGst sanaTs yuacTOK BOCIPOMSBENeHKIA KUNA, HcHOSyeTcA peryas- ‘Top Start (c ero momompio Mbt sataem Hayasio yuacrka, ¢ KOTOPOrO HayHeTCs! BOCIPOHS- BeyeHHe KIMHA MPH HaKATHH KuABHULM) M peryssrop Length (c ero ToMomtiO MBI SaNIAeM JUIMHY BOCHPONSBO;MMOTO Y4aCTKA KJIMHA, 10 OKOUAHHH KOTOPOTO, B ABACK MOCTH OT HaCTpOIIICH, SBYK NpeKPATHTCH NIK MPOROIDKHTCH 3a CHET THKIIMECKOTO TO- Bropenna). Ecnm Bax TpyqHO paccMopers opmy aymMocurHana, ysemmyETe wan YMEHDUIATe H300paxKeHHE C TOMOLEbIO KHOTOK ¢ CHMBOJIaMH “Illoc” H “MuHyc”. 4, Baqaem peau mnmuecsoro (loop) nontopenns. Cront axrupnsnponar KHomKy loop, Ableton Live nauier imentuecka nostopars Kaman; xn 6yxer mpourpBLwaTb- CA OT Hatiata 110 KoHiLa, pas $a PasoM, HO TeX HOP, HOKa HaKaTA KHaBuula. B AaNHOM Cuy4ae UHKAUNECKH HOBTOpsetcsA YYACTOK KIMHa, saqaHHbiii peryaTopamn Start u Length. Ecam nyakio sanarb 1mimrteckoe ToBropedMe TombKo ompemeteHHOTO CerMeH- ‘ra aTorO yuactka, Tak, 4ToObI pH Hax npunuyn paGorer MexanusMa UMKAHMYeCKOrO (loop) socnpoussegeHus. Ha 3TOM PuCyHKe ebieneHHas oGnacr> BHYTpH YepHol nonocu — aro yYacTOK KAN, 3a- atti HacTpoiixann Start u Length, KoTopsii BocrponsB0- ‘furr Simpler (1). Bonee spxuii cermenr sToro ywacrka — 970 ycnunieckn nosropsembi cermenT (2), sagaHHeilt HaCTpOH- kort Loop. Zlvaronansiese sumnn (3) noKasbieaior y4aCTOK epeKpbITHs UNKNOB, Ha KOTOPOM BITIONGeTCA MexaHHaM kpooobennura, OGecrewnsalouy crnaxnearne rpaHinl, 6. Tpenmpyemes ua apyrax mpumepax. Tenepd, Kora BbI MpHOOpeM NepBBIe HABEIKH, notpexupyiite » nporpamae Simpler Ha xpyrux spykax. C romombI0 Hactpoex Start, Loop 1: Length ait moxxere “napesars” ua puruunieckinx Tpapaperor yaapubix HHCTpy- MCHTOP PHTMIMeCKHe CeTMEHTHI 1 KOMMOHOBATS HORBIe putTMBI. (C MOMOIIEIO HMeI0- mefica 8 Ableton Live dyskuan o6yxenna MIDI nasiaywre ora say MIDI- peryaatopam, H pailia KiapHaTypa mpespaTiiTca B nUpTyasbHIylo YaapHyio ycrarioBKy. Bor bast pexpacnetit nHcTpyMenr Aa manponnsarutii Bo BpeMs Buicrynentit.) TIpo- rpawMa Simpler tysime scero noaxomut ait postn yslaprioti yeranlonkn, HO 3TO BOBCE He SHauHT, ¥TO APyrHe sayRH eH He No cHaaM: noMpobyiire MopadoraTe B Heli c MenonHa- HIME HHCYPYMeHTabIsbIMH COMILIAMH, OAMOTOHAMSHBIMU SBYKAM sus ObICTPOTO COS- JAHN caMTIOB “Ha ery” u jake c KAHMAMM BOKala U pean, Mpaxruxa: nactpolixa HaSopa ynapHbix MHCTpyMeHToB B nporpamme Impulse Tiporpammy Impulse, kak # Simpler, MoxkHo WeromsosaTe u19 ManumynaMEAT KTM BICTOMHEHM, Costas supryasbEBLih HaOOP Hs TIOOKIX 3BYKOB M PHTMITMECKHX cerMeLLTOB NO cBoemy sbiGopy. Hx axe MoxHO MepeTackMBaTb “tia eTY” B ICTIOATHEMy10 KOMMTOSIININIO HII nmposnaaitii0. 1, Barpyxaem uaGop. BuGupaem Hoayio MIDI-topoxxy, sare si6upaem Devices Instruments=Impulse. Ucnomssya metio yerarionox, sarpyKaeM B KavecTBe HexomHOTO Ha6opa Studio Montreal. DPAABA 9. METOJDI CHRTESA SBYKA 1 MPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMENTDI 455 2. Penaxrupyem orenpusie stuelixn spyxox. B nporpamme Impulse, kak # » mporpamme Simpler, umeiorca oKOUIKH, B KOTOpHIE BI MOxKETe TePETACKHBATH KIMTIBI, HOB JaHHOM cayuae x Bocems, a He ono. Kaxuoe 13 HX mpemHasnaveno ja OTeNBHOTO yrapa Gapadarta wm ApyrHx o6pasioB sByKa, KoTopHe HasHayatoTca pasHeim MIDI-K1azn- lam. Jlanmsik commrep ynapHBIx HECTpyMenTos, B OTsHUHe OT CTaHulapTHOrO caMte- pa, HCHOMHseT pasitble BByKH, a He TPaHCHONMpyeT OME H TOT Ke SBYK NO KTABHTIAM kgapnatypst. Hlenknwre mptutbio Ha a1060M u3 oKouleK HaGopa Studio Montreal, WB HMDKHel acTH OKHA HomBATCH peryztTopHL. Y KayKLOTO OKOMIKA UMeeTCA OTMENb- | witli Ha6op Hactpoex — cbiabrpanun, HaHopamuponars, rpomxocrn u 7.1. (pute. 9.48), | C romompwo peryatropa Stretch moxio pacrariparh BO BpeMeHH MOGo!i us KAMNOB. Puc. 9.18. Camnnep Impulse — 970 3epkafibHan Kona Gamnnepa Simpler: 3T0 He a CTaHnapTHbil CoMmiep, @ comnnep ynapHeX mucrpymeHTos. BMECTO OAHOrO COMN- fa, TpavicnoHpyemoro no KTaBmuaM KnasHaTypbi, 8 HEM venonesyeToR BoceME PASHbIX 3BYKOB, HasHayaeMblx oTZeNbHbIM MIDI-Kiasuwam. LllenkHuTe Ha mO6OM 43 oxowex (1), m nepea BAM — OTAeNbHEI HaOOp viHCTPyMeHTOS PeaaKTHpOBAHVA comnna, saHeceHHoro B 3T0 OKOUKO(2) 3. Hpo6yem urpars wa nenasbubix tapexkax. B commrepe Impulse orcyrersyer yHk- tis oGpemunienia commutes w rpynmy, kak B Gostee CopepmveHHBIX caMILIepAx YkapHbIx HiHeTPyMenTbs, HO B Hem TIpeAYeMOTPeHO OTAeNbHOe, BOCHMOe, OKOIIKO CIIEIWATbHO JuUA coMra padABHHyTDIX eyacibHEIX TapesoK (open hi-hat). IlenkHuTe Ha HaanHeK Open — 1 8 tesow minxnew yray nonputea Kuomka Link. Eco pbt usmamrre apy pas- aeMByTAX TapeToK (Kxasuia Ha KomubioTepHolt (QWERTY) 1asuatype) opasy 2ke 8a HUM — BBY MpHKATDIX Upyr K ApyrY Tapextox (Kxapya Ha KOMI rorepnoii (QWERTY) ktapniarype), KoMaiula SByKa IpIbKaTbIX pyr K APYTY TapetOK Hememsenno sa6x0KUDYer SBYK PAIMBUHYTIX TapevOK, KaK B HacTonMeM xali-xoTe. Weciu bam upasntca Bupryosuntii pursamecknii naccaxk Ha MenambHsIx TapemKaXx 13. xosmoguitiu Jloriosania (Donovan) “Mellow Yellow”, nonpoyfire socnponszectu ero cTOMONpIO KaBni u. YueGuuKu no pa6ote ¢ cuyTesaTopamn — npowrpbisaTenamu comnnos. 10- TonkvTensHaa vHdopmauua o paGoTe C cuuTesaTopamn — npourpsisarenaMia CSMniiOB M PAMepeI MCnonbsOBAHNA STO! TeXHONOTM B MySbIKANBHbIX KOMMOSH- 456 THABA 9. METOALI CHHTESA 3BYKA HM IPOrPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTHL uax 4 MononHeHMAX XxpaHaTcA Ha DVD B nanke SampleTank FREE. B Hei/ Bbl Hait- AeTe yue6Hble MatTepvanbi No CMHTe3y sByYaHus 6acoBbIX MHCTPyMeHTOB M TMTap, a Takoxe no MCNONb30BaHMio B TOK TexHONOrMN GapaGaHHbix MOAyUeK iu ScbdeKToR. CoctaBHbie snemeHTbI TexXHONOrMi CMHTesa S3ByKa: BUPTyasbHble aHanoroBble VHCTPYMeHTbI Snyuanne 4 noaMoxknoctit Heppblx uicrpyMenton Ha Gaze arianoropprx cmmtresaTopon on- DeLeNSTINCS BOSMOKHOCTSINH I7eKTPOHINKH, KOTOpaN nexKana B Hx ocHoRe, Kak 9TO HH yAUBH TenbHO, HO B MApe uA>pORO! MyabIKH ArasIOTOBAS TeXHOIOTNs CHETTesA SBYKa 0 CHX Top He yrparuiia caoero siarrenst. DTO, KOHEYHO, cBAsaHO ¢ BOCTPeGoRAHHOCTSIO aByaHUs, XapakrepHioro juIa aHfastoroRDIx SuICKTPOHHEIX HHCTpyMeHTOS, KOTOPOe OKA3ANIO OTPOMHOE BIMAHHe HA PasBHTHe MysEIKH 3a nlocaeqHMe AecaTHIeTHA. AHaTOTOBbIe TEXHOJOTUK CHitTe3a Kpaiite HeOGXOAUMbI Jia CO3{aHHA 9THX Y2Ke CTABLILX NPUBLMHDIMH SBYKOB, HO OM BaxKHbI M JULI APYTHX salad CHHTesa BBY KA. Curnaast mpocroti cbopsi, (busteTpBI M MoAysisrTopbI, HCHIOMDayeMbIe B-TeXHOsOTHM aHAsTO- TonOro cHHTesa, IBMIOTCs MPEROCXOAHBIMH. COCTABHBIMIE 3:1eMeHTAMM TEXHOOTHH CHHTESA anyka Bnlenom, Kak eTam B eTCKOM CTPOMTeNbHBIM KOHCTPYKTOpe, HMeIONUAe, KAK pablo, HecToxHyIo bopMy — KyGuKM 1 KUEMAHApH, — axaroropDIe CHHTesarops MperocTamOT B Halle paclopsaxeHue curHamst MpocToit (bopMel (CHHYCOMANDHBIe H_MpsIMoyrosIbHBIe), HB KOTOPEIX MOAHO COsMaBaTb Coste CHIOXHBIe KOHCTPYKMMH, Kax peay:mbrar 8 ConpeMentibIx HMdPpOBBIX CHTesATOpAX BbI BTpeTHTecD ¢ TEMH 2%e Ca- MBIMHE 9iIeMeHTaMM, puna 1 mETepdelicaMn, KOTOpsIe XapakTepHbl ALIA CrapHHAETS avaioroBhix cuHTesaTopon. B HHCTpyMeHTax, B KOTOPBIX BMeCTO CuITHasOB NpocToit dopa — CUHYCOMAATHHDIX, MLIOOGpasHBIX HM IpsMOYTONIBHBIX — HCTIOMBSYIOTCA B KAYECTBE HCKOHEIX curios tcbponbte ayaocnriamns, Bar Gy ere UcTIOAMoBATD OrHGAOULNe, (bULIDTpEI H MOTy- JAMO TAK 2Ke, KAK B AHaMIOTOHHIX CHHTesATOpAX. BONbIINHCTBO UECTPYMeHTOB UMeeT Ob: crpykrypy, HoKasannyro wa pue. 9.19. Puc. 9.19. Buptyanblibie avanoropble UHCTPYMeHTbI 110 CTPYKTYPHOM CXEMe UJeHTAYHE NO- AaBnsioujemy ConbuinHicTay CHHTesaTopos, B TOM 4Ncne UNdpoBbix. HECMOTPA Ha TO 470 BM@CTO aHaNOroBbix reHepaTopOB UCHONbSYIOTCA APYTMe VCTOYHKN CUrHama TeXHONOrAMK cuHTesa, OCHOBHEIe MHCTPYMeHTS! OOPaOOTKH aayKa — MonynATOpSI, PusbTpE u adpqpeKTo! — OcratoTeR BO MHOrOM aHanornuHeiin Ornbaiowas ‘anya Usyyenne teopum cmtesa anyKa, He noakpenaextice mpaxtitkotl, — ato Gecritomoe saKs- THe, OCKOABKY HaM B KOHeYHOM HTOre uHTepectiee BCETO HAYYITHCA COSTABATS HYAKHIEIe ABy- xu, Hexona u3 91x coo6paxenmit warepuazt, ussaraeMetit Ha cuestyrouux erparmax, mot 6y- eM JeMOHeTpHpOBAT Ha MpHMepe MpHTOxeHHA Reaktor SoundSchool Analog Kosmannn Native Instruments, samucaitioro wa nipwsaraemom « Kunre DVD. (Yuraiire pasnen “TIpaxtuka: SoundSchool Analog”.) THABA 9. METO[bI CHHTE3A 3BYKA HM MPOPPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTDI 457 Curnanbi npocton dopmpi u TemG6ppi MoxHo 114 umuTMpoBate 3ByK aHanoroBoro cuHTesaTopa Bupryanbibie aranorosele cHHTesaTopb! Konupyior naHenn ynpasnexvs, MeToaM- ku pa6oTbI MU sBy¥aHve CBOMX aHANOTOBbIx NpeAWeCTBEHHMKOB, HO ga STOM aHaKO- MOM BHEUIHOCTHIO CKPLIBAIOTCA LuNpoBbIe anropuTMEI, peanusyioLune yHKUNK AHANOTOBbIx Lenleli, OSTOMY NO CBOEM CTH OHM He sBiAOTCA aHanoroBbiMU. MM0- Hep CMHTe3a 3ByKa PoGept Myr (Robert Moog) sassun, uTo axe Te BupTyanbHbIe: aHasioroBbie MHCTPYMeHTEI, KOTOpHIe fomy4MnH ero OcvUvanbHOe OMOOPeHNe, He MOyT CpaBHHTECA NO CBOEMy SByYaHiNiO ¢ ero 4MCTO aHanoroBOM annapaTypon. Npepocrasnsiem Bam cami CyaiTb 06 stom. Crywaire v cpaBHMBaiire, Ho sapa- Hee NpeAyNPExAAeM, 4TO, XOTA ONCbIBAEMBIE AaNlee METOANKM aHanorM4Ht!, O cyt, TeM, 4TO UcnonbayioTCA B paGoTe C peanbHoM akanoroBoli annapaypoii, “cepauiem” syptyasibHbix aHaslOrOBbIX VHCTPYMEHTOB ABNSIOTCA UAPOBLIE TEXHO- JOrMM chHTesa sByKa. (Currant npocroii (bopMer 1 rapmonmaeckue coctapamonqe cllekTpa aByKa paccmarpHpa- ‘aucb B rnaze 1, a Tenepb NpHMO BpeMA UcTIOABsOBATH ATH TeOPeTHMECKHe OCHOBBI B MY3BI- KaybHOH MpakTuK ‘AilaioTOBAT CKEMOTEXHHKA MOSBOAAeT MpocTbIMM cpeeTBAMH TeHepupOBAT’ Curia omesexrapHoii (popmat. IIpumepom Moker emyxuT npocrelimas ett, HepHoAMdeCKH pas~ Mutkaenas if saMnikaemaa. [pexcrapore ce6e, ‘To poi MepHoAMeckH BI”MOyaeTe 1k BbIKTIONAe- ze cBeT OGbIUEDIM BIuXMOYaTeneM. B peaysbrare reepupyeres nepuomuieckaa TocmenORA- TenbHOCTS UMMYTLCOB MpAMoyroHOl dopme1— npamoyzonviorii cuenan (uasBaHHe orpaxaer To, Kak 9Tor cHrtialt BbIrasytICT Ha akpaHe ocHumIOrpacpa).. Curnast pastioit cbopani, renepnpyempte a71ekTPOHHTBIMH CXeMaMH, MOXKHO IpeoOpasoBar® 1B SBYK WIM verlombsORaTh LIA MOyAMNM (HMeHeHHA opMbL) Apyrmx currasion. TenepH- pyeMnre cram B sanricHMocrH oT bopmbl HMeIOT pasHbIit CHEKTP M cos/aIOT SBYKH pasHOrO ‘ren6pa. Jina priGopa crirtana Heo6xOmuMoti (bopMbl TIpakTHYECKH B s11OGOM cmirTesaTope UMe~ crea cenmansuotit nepexmoyaren (B CTapsIx ariaxoropBix CHHTesaTOpaX OH, KaK MPaBH.10, upeneranzin coGol rpynny KHOHOK, KaK Ha Tene*oue, Aust BoiGopa curnana onpenenenitoti opm; » BUpTyaTSHOM HECIPyMeite OM BXOAMT B COcTaB HacTpoeK M YacTO BbITOmAeTCH B Bie PACKpHIBAIOMIeTOeA MeHIO). Kax yoxe ronopriioce ® raiane 1, Boe peartbitbIe HHCTpyMeHTBt Coamal0T SBYKH, 9Heprus KO- ‘ropbix pacripeerenia mio criekrpy wacToT. SBYKOROe KoeGarHe onpeesteHHOl YacTOTBI HasbI- paerea YacrorHoit cocrapsiaiomeil. TepMHubt “rapworuxa” u “oepTon” Heir GansKHe 3a Neus, HO YacToTa TapMOHMKH BCerma Kpatia OcHOBHOM wacToTe, cooTBeTcTRYIOMe! TOHY spyka, bocriprimaemomy 1a cayx. HaripuMep, rapMonuxamu ayKa vactoroit 100 Tu apna ores Koxre6anrna sacroroli 200 Tu, 300 Tin t.. Ornocuremsiste HHTeHCHDHOCTH CHEKTpANbIBIX COCTaRAMONLEX OMPEesAIOT TOHAT YI oxpacky spyka — TemOp. Ayauocuriiasisi pasamanoii (boper ume1r pasitbiit cocras rapmornx, AMINA c cuyCoMsamrtOTO cuTtia.ta, KoTOpetit mpencTazzsier coOoli ToH OCHOBHOMK vactoTbt 6e3 Kaxax-s1¥60 oGeproHOs, 10 THHIoGpaaHoro curHaTa, KOTOpEtik cOnepAKUT BCE OGepTOHDI (KOT eat bisllle HoMep rapMOHHKu, TeM HuDKe ce antmuumTyna). Bemstit myst (sore teneparopst cos aIOT w TaKOit curva, XOTM B HeKOTOpDIX cuirtesaTOpaX JULA ITOTO HeTIOABSyeTeS OTHeNbHET re- Heparop YMA) COsep>kKUT He TOMIBKO BCE TAPMOHIIECKHe COCTABIMOLIYe, HO H COCTaBILOMHe BeenOsMOKHBIX YaCTOT — TeopeTIMecKtT Gexbtii IIyM HMeeT HeOrpaHNeHKO WApOKH crleKTD. 458 THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA 1 MPOTPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTBI B curiae myMa oepria paswomepHo pactrpeviesienia no BeeM Yactoram. Curiaer TaKoro THTIa ‘MOOKHO KOMOMHHpOBATE ¢ JUOObIMM {,PYCUMM CHTHAsIAMH HIM (PHETpOBATD, HSMeHsH HX CIeKTP M, CooTercrnetito, Temp sayyariia. Harem ¢ Toro, "To TlocMorpuM (1 Nocymiaen) curHa-tbt aulemettraprioti (bopabr, varie Beero HCMOAEsyeMbIe B AarlasiOroBOM CHHITeSe. Y Mpaxtuxa: SoundSchool Analog Mporpamma Reaktor SoundSchool Analog Komnakuu Native Instruments — 9t0 TONbSOBATENLCKH UHCTPYMEHT, ECTPOEHHEI B NpHNOKeHMe Reaktor. OH paspa- GoTaH ana yHeSHnx uener u npenrasHaieH Ana AeMOHCTPALMM TeXHONOTMM aHa- noroBoro CuHTeaa. STO He NPOCTO yHeGHbIlt MHCTPYMeHT — Ha HEM MOXHO © y0- BONBCTBMEM Urpatb. HO ero KOMNOHOBKA Mi byHKLMN YearbHO NopxopAT ANA HaLWMX YeNeH, NOTOMy 4TO OHM BNOAHE THNMYHEI MOH MMeeT MOCTATOYHO GombUloe CXOACTEO CO MHOTMMM MHCTpyMeHTaMM, C KOTOPLIMN BAM MOBeAETCA UMET> eNO. HavGonee BaxkHol OcobeHHOCTHIO TOO MHCTPYMeHTa, BEPOATHO, ABNAeTCA VH- TerpupoRanibiii 8 Hero OCUMANOrpad, paGoTa‘oUWi B PExMe PeanbHoro BpeMe- uv. Bnaropapa sToMy Bbi MOxXeTe He TONEKO NPOCAyWMBATE, HOM NPocMaTpABAT coggasaemble sByKu. Bepcna SoundSchool, sanvcataa Ha DVD, npenctasnser co6olt asToHoMHoe npwnoxenve, a He NoAKMOvaeMbIli MopyAb, NOSsTOMy Nocne KHCTa/AUMM B COOT- BETCTEMN G MHCTPYKUIMAMM, SanvicaHHbiMn Ha DVD, ocTaeToA ToNbKO sarpysHTb ero. MporpamMa aBToMaTH4eckn HaCTpanBaeT KOHGMrypauiiio B COOTEETCTBUM CO GTaHfapTHbimu HacTpolkamn aynuo- 4 MIDI-uHTepdelica OC Mac nv Windows, HO, eCNM BbI CuMTaeTe HEOOxOgMMbIM MsMeHMTb HaCTpOliKn ayono- win MIDI- nuTepcpeiica, BbiGepute System Audio+MIDI Settings. Ans pa6ors: 5 nporpamme SoundSchoo! MIDI-knasnatypa HeoOsgaTenbHa — MOKHO venone3oBaTe KoMnbIoTepHyio (QWERTY) knasnaTypy. Benbie Knasnuwi KaXxXAOM OK- TaBbl NMAHHO HaSHaNeHbI KNaBHLIAM KOMMbIOTepHOM KNABMaTyps! NOCTPOUHO Haunlian ¢ Knasnun (BepxHaa oKTasa) M KNaBvUIN (HMPKHAA OKTABA), Yeprite Knasnlta nuaHnHo pacnMicanbi No KNaBMUlaM KOMNBIOTePHOM KnaBnaTy- bi B CTPOKAX, HAXOASUINKCA Han yKasaHHbIMM CTpokaMu. Takum O6pasoM, 4TO- 611 cuirpare xpomaTiueckyio raMMy OT “NO” fo “cons”, HYKHO HaxaTe Kasnun , <2>, , <3>, , , <5>, . Notpexnupyiitect: sarpysute Sound- School v noHaxnmaiire “HoTHEIe KnaBNWWH” Ha KOMMbIOTepHON KaBuatype. Ko- He4HO, Ha Hacroaujet MIDI-knasvatype unu ppyrom MIDI-KoHTponnepe Urpate kyfa serve, HO ANs NporpaMMupoBaHuA aByKOB BONE AOCTATOYHO H KOMNEIO- TepHoii knasuarypEl. Npexae Yem npucrynars k paSoTe, nocmorpuTe Ha puc. 9.20 4 9.21, sTo6ei no- AYMAT’ Nepsoe NpemcTasneHne 06 uxTepdelice SoundSchool. Hau nepebie ynpaxHeHnA MBI HaYHeEM c reHepaTopos (BbIAENEHHbIX SO/OTUCTLIM LIBSTOM Ha NaHenM nporpaMMb!) ¥ OcUMNNorpada (OGoaHaYeHHOTO CnoBOM “Scope”) B Hix- Hem npasom yrny Oka nporpammel. Mukuep, uibTpbI M MOAYAATOp BbILeNeHEI B OTOM OkHe CHM UBeTOM. Taba 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPY MEHTDI 459 @ Oprants ynpasnenna rexeparopom, KoTopbie mbl Gynem HcnonegoBaTe ANA nony4eHUA ‘avanoroabnx crrHasiog anemeHTapHori opm ‘Ocyunnorpap, noxastisaiouyni passepTKy cHriana.ao apeMenn. Curpaitre HoTy — u ati ‘yenqure Ha ero axpae yeenvteHlioe naoSpanenve opMi 3ByKa STON HoTsL. C noMOUBIO erynrropa macuiTa6a no ropuaoHTanl MOXHO BUISpaTe pexuM, YAOOHSIM AnANpocMoTpa, XxoTA, KaK NpaBMO, AUI8 STK NpHMepOB CrakaAprHan HaCTpoliKa BnoNe NOgxOAMT. 4roGs! ‘coxpahis Ha okpaHe n2o6paxeHve chryana M He flepxATsKABMILy NOCTOSKHO HaxaTOM, HaxwurTe euonky Freeze. © Marlene nsicrpymesros (cw pyc. 8.21), Puc. 9.20. VHTepderic nporpammel SoundSchoo! Tlontioe onveakue nporpamms! SoundSchool npueepeHo & AOKyMeHTauMn, Sa- niicaHHoii Ha npunaraemom K kHire DVD. @ kona Auto on ft a xronta nonxva Geb xara (Aonxva ovovATeo). Eons oe He Hara, nnpor pana SoundSchool we uanact Hu sByka (Ty Ke CaMylo yHKUuMIO BLNONHAIOT KOMAHA ‘Systeme Aun Audio u Systom Stop) @ Snapshots. BuGepire wacTpon ayea korepwe w rownowa Native Instruments Hasswaor snapshots). Ulentinre we ra naktorpanMe OoToannapare, i Nevo sacri axpaxa orxpoctesnavene ont ‘oxpanows, ynopsnoverns tpakouseli haerpaex “chaos” (Noxon “reset" {Apeaycravoska) sro anesoro Gonee revesrilTepnue, Yew “sapsho”, ob He semyrueaT.cyTH ‘Rena wi Synen 8 janwoH rage nonsaoeare Tepwi‘craHo%2") © Mero menr Hints (nopcxaara, lesmiie va som wore, «ToBu OTapuT PORE HABHONEHH perynsropos nnacTpoex ha navend SoundSehoo| interlace, rr norcHeHeh paco ras Ha TEX, KIO SnaroMo rexHonorelcresa ara ak Tonio A HeuorO Aceoreci c TseANONOTHCA, 6ulerprisito 8 2r0R o6nacra, om Gyayr nonears Bac. Puc. 9.21. Manen uHcTpymentos nporpammp! SoundSchoo! 460 THABA 9. METOMbI CHRTESA 3BYKA 1 MPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMENTDL 9neMeHTAapHONK Popmpt Bam span nn Korna-HOyn noHanoGuTcA McnONbsOBaTb B MHCTPyMeHTanbHOM hate 4ucTble CurHanbi aneMeHTapHol opi, HO NoNesHO MochyulaTb, KaK OHM seyyar. Aina sroro B SoundSchool orkpoiire & BepXHel YacTH oKpaHa MeHIO yoTa- HOBOK 1, BbIGUpaR yCTAHOBKH, CnyulaliTe u HaGniogaliTe Ha skpaHe OcUMANorpada enrHanbi pasHon cbopmel. Haxwure Knapuury Ha MIDI-knasvarype Wn Ha KOMNBIO- ‘TepHoii Knasvatype. HaxnMan KnaBNlM PasHbIx HOT, BCnyWAlTecb BMX SBy4aHHe vi HaGmonaiire opmy curasia Ha akpake ocuMnnorpada. Bil sameTuTe Ha u30- OpaxeHn HeKOTOpbIx curHanos “wepoxoBarocTH”. 9TH CHrHaNbl HECKONKO 4s MeHEHBI C U@NbIO YCTPAHeHHs BLICOKONACTOTHDIX raPMOHHAK BO Us6exaHve CBA- SaHHbIX © HAMM M0K@XKeHIi B Mc>POBOM CuoTeMe. %) Npaktuka: cnywiaem u HaGniogaem Curnanbi (CunyconganbHoe konebanve Cunycouzarsiniit cura (pue. 9.22) — sto curnas camoit upoctoii dbopstst, uHcTbtii TOM, simutertabtii oGeptonoR. Tostomy anykouoik curian vaKoii hopot mnie TeMbpa. [ockomKy MDI TIPHBBIKIIH CJIBIIIATS SBYK, CIeKTp KOTOPOTO COCTOUT 13 KoTeGaHHil PasHIbIX YACTOT, CHEY- cousatbHoe KomeGarMe Ha CHYX BOCTIPUHMMAeTCA KAK HeBbIpasHTeNbHbH, mumMeHm MBH AYAIbHOCTH SBYK. TakHe CHTHAIE HCHONESYIOTCH, KAK MpABHLTO, B KANCCTBE TeCTOBBIX TOHOD pH kamu6poske ayqMoatinaparypEt 1 MporpaMMubrx mricrpymextos, Hexotopie axyeruveckue HH- CrpyMertrit cosmaior sByk, Gsrmakuit x wicromy Tony. [Ipumepamnt MoryT cxyaaiTs merarocbor, qhnetira, spysanias Ges BHOparo, u pail APYTHX HHICTPYMCHTOB, COsAOMLX HUICTHIe TOHBL. Puc. 9.22. CunyconnansHoe KoneGaine — 90 sucroIli TOH, KOTOPbIMA SBYYHT O4EHE HEBBIPASHTENbHO TAABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M MPOPPAMMHBIE HHCTPYMEHTBI 461 Cunyconmansioe KoneGanne Tapmonuxu. Orcyrcreyior. Ha 4To noxox apyk. UncTEIA TOH, NOxOKMi Ha aByk énedrel, aayyauyer Ges BHO- PaTo M SByka BbINOXa; TAK! TOH MBI CMBILMM Np BocnPONeEeNeHHN TeCTOBbIX akycTu4eckinx curHano. Hasnayene. Nytem KoMGuHuposanve c TOHANHBIMH sByKaMM apyrnx YacToT (uaw curHanamn apyroh opm!) MOKHO CHHTeSHPOBATe CROKHBIe TOHEI TlosHakombtect ¢ 9TMM SBYKOM Ha NpaKtuKe. BuiGepviTe B MeHIO yCTaHOBOK npwnoxeHua SoundSchool yctakosky 28 — Basic Sine. Cunyconpanitie koneGaHus oKpyxaloT Hac nosciony Unctoe cnnyconnansHoe KoneBaKe Say4NT He O4eH» BnevaTAAIOUIe, HO nyTeM KOMOVHVPOBAHMS CHHYCOMAANbHBIX KONeGAHWi MOxXHO MogeNMpOBaTs m060h peanbHbiit seyx. OGpatumca k aHanornv C BONHAM, COsmaBaeMbIMn Ha rag BO- Au! GpouleHHEIMM KaMelKaMi4. BPOCMM 8 BoAY OAMH KaMeLIeK — 1 NO NOBEPxHO- Tu Boab! Kpyramn pasGeryTca perynapHBle BoNHEL. HO ecnn OpocnTs ropcTe Ka- MeLUKOB, TO BbISBAHHBIE MMM BONHbI 6ynyT HaknapbieaTbca pyr Ha spyra, cognabaa cnoxHyio KapTHHy KoneGaHuit. Kaxapih Kamewek cosqaeT sonty npo- croi, chHycoMpanbHoA opmbl. Ho NPM HanlOxKeHMM aTHX NPOCTEIX BONH APyr Ha Aapyra BoaHnKaer achcbext HeperyAApHbIX, 6yPHbIx BOs. Teopus otoro acdbexra He HoBa. TeHvanbHbili dpakuyseKnii matematuk M cusnK Ka Baruct Kosed Cbypse (Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier) cosnan ee 8 1800 rozy. ypse npeanonoxun, sto moGas cnoxHaA nepnonndeckas OyHKUKA (ONMCEIBaIO- laa mioGoe dusH4eckoe AENeHMe HAN MaTemaTHHecKoe NOCTpOeHve, a He TONLKO aByk) MOXeT 6bITh PAsnOXeHa Ha rapMOHWYECKMe CocTasnAIOUe. (Dypbe Obin oveHb sameTHor dburypon B >KUsHH DpaHuMn; OH He TOABKO SaHMMasiCR, NpMICM OveHb yoneWIHO, MaTeMaTHKO!! M USMKOM, HO Take NpHHUMaN yHacTHe B BOCH- Hux kawnannex Hanoneova, ynpasnsn socrouHbim Erantom 4 paspa6oran Teopiio nuaHeTapHoro napHnKoBoro o¢ibexa.) Eonn mioGoii 38K MOXHO PasNOXMTb Ha TAPMOHMHECKHe COCTABNAIOLIME, TO TeO- PeTHYECKH, NYTEM KOMOMHNPOBAHHA CHHYCOMMANbHbIx KONeGAHHNit TaIoKe MOXHO cosmatb mo6oii sayk (4nTaiite pagnen “MeTonei YM-cunTesa w anayTHBHOrO CHH- Tesa SByka" 8 ABHHOM raze). Stor MeTog cuHTesa nonyunn HassaHue Cypbe- cwitesa B HecTb CognaTens sTOM MaremaTHeckoli Teopiin Kava Barucra Pypee. PasnoxeHne s8yKOBOrO CrHasa Ha rapMOHMYECKHe COCTaBAAIOWYMe N O6paTHoe npeoGpasosanvie nexaT B OCHOBE MHOTMX TexHONOrHi UndpoBOK OOpaSoTKH sBy- ka, UCRONbSyeMbX 8 MySbIKaNbHbIX nporpamMax. B riiase 7 Mbi pacckasbisann omerone BI (Fast Fourier Transforms — 6bicTpoe npeobpasosanine Pypse). Cumycounansinte crrsarst B UHICTOM Bre HeHONbSYIOTCA O¥EHE PEK, HO CHIOHKHBIE KOM- Guna cimycomampuen xoneGanuli zexar B ocHORe cuirresa sByKa, Tpumepami MoryT CayANTS MeTOAD anAUTHBHOTO H UM-cuHresa, B KOTOpHIX cHYcouslarTbItbIe cura! HCTIOb- YIOTCA JLIst CHHTeSA COMHEIX SBYKOB. 462 Taba 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA H IPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTHI Tpeyronbioe koneGanne ‘Tpeyronptice KomeSane (puc. 9.23) oxoxe Ha cHHYCOMaTbHOe, HO HMeer Her.IaztKyIo- copy. B peayamrare p cnextpe storo KoneGaHua HosiBilsioTes rapMoHHYeckHe cocTaBis0- mute (BcmIMe rapMOHMKH), Copnajaiomie 10 dactote ¢ rapMoHNKasH B cHexTpe upAMO- yrombHoro KomeSanst Takoik xe OcHOBHO! “acToTHI, HO MeHbItieHt aMILTIETYADA. ‘Tpeyronsuoe koneGanne Tapmonuku. Heueribie rapMoHiiku; o4eHb CnaGbIe BEICLUNe rapMOHHKH, Ha 4To noxox sayk. HesHauuTenbHo OTmMMalouHiics OT 4nCTOTO TOHa sByK CO cnaGo BuIpaxeHHibim TeM6poM, HO Gosiee NpusTHEI Ha CyX. Hasnasenne. Ucnonssyeros ana cuHtesa sBykos GacoBbix u BeAyUMXx napTHit BKOMGnHauMM © AyruMM KoneGaHMAMM TosHakombrech ¢ oTMM sByKom Ha MpaktuKe, BriGepuiTe 2 meHio yoTaHoBOK npunoxenua SoundSchool yctanoay 29 — Basic Tr, § Ele Puc. 9.23. TpeyronbHoe KoneOaHKe OTAMMaeTCA MAIKHNM, COHEIM sByvaHHeM CO c/aGo BIpaxKeHHeIM TeMOpoM Munoo6pasioe xoneGanue Tunoo6pasnoe koneGanne Tapmonukn. LWnpokuit cnexrp rapmonuk; c nocnegosarenbHbiM cHinKeHNeM YPOBHA BLICUMX rapMOHIIK, TaaBa 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M HPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 463 Ha sto oxox sayk. Counbili, npoHsHTenbHbilé ByK; KnaccH¥eckili CacoBbili SBYK alanoroBoro cuHTesaTopa. Hastaverme. Counbii m nporisuTenbibit onHoBpeMeHHO aByK nnnoobpasHoro koneOalina WcnonbayeTcs Kak saroToBKa, Ma KOTOPOM nyTem cbunbtpauwn nony- NaloT aayk MeHee BLIpaxeHHOTO TeMOpa. TlosHaxomptect ¢ TMM SByKOM Ha MpaKTMKe. BuiGepuTe B MeHIO ycTaHOBOK npunoxeru SoundSchool ycrahoaky 27 — Basic saw. THustoo6pasninie komeGanus (pue. 9.24) ne ro.1nKo cRoeli hopMoli Hanosmnaior mary. Onn H SBYYAT PeIKO, HANOMHHAS BUS UHWTHI, HOCKOJIBKY B CMeKTPe 9TOrO KONeGaHUA Macca TapMo- nuk, Jlocrarouno umpoxuii enlekrp Hosnosster HeHOMKAORATh UX sL1A (opMUpOBAHHs! 6aCOBO- ro gnyxa, KoseGauust atoro TuH1a cocraniaioT OcHOnY kxlaccn4ecKoro CyOTPAkTHBHOTO CHHTe- 94, CAMO HasnaHMe KOTOPOTO YkasbIRACT Ha TO, 4TO U3 3RYKA-ArOTORKN MyTeM ‘iTTpALMA YaaNseTCA Ace THUIHee, SayK CHHYCOMAMBHOTO KONeGAHHS MHOTHE HaXOX#T TOXOKUM Ha SBYK TpyObr: Hocmynmalire, KAK SBYSHT MHHIOOSpAsHOe KoTeGarHte BICOKOTO ToHA, H jaliTe BO so choemy BoobpaxKeHt0. Puc. 9.24. Munoo6pasnoe koneGanne (o6patTuTe BHuMaHve Ha crer- Ka CKPYFNeHHHIe BEPXYLKA ayOUOB; y MAeAMsHOTO nuncodpasHorO KOneGaHinA OA OCTPBIe, HO Ha NPAKTHKE TO YACTO HeXeNaTeNbHO) AGA THABA 9. METOAbI CHHTESA 3BYKA H IIPOPPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI Mpaktuxa: npespawjaem cunycouganbHoe koneGanne B nunooG6pasHoe, usMeHas Napametp Symm B nporpamme SoundSchool He npenyemorpeH oTAenbHBi NepeKniovaTenb ANA sbiGopa TpeyronbHoro wiv nunooGpasHoro KoneGakita — OH OcyulecTanAeTCA ny- Tem vaMeHeHna HacTpoek reHepatopa. fia sToro MconbsyeTca perynaTop CMM- MeTpun nunoobpasHoro KoneGakia (non HasBaHuem Symm). Kak cnemyeT 13 Ha- 3BaHiA, STa HACTPONIKA UsMeHAeT bopMy KoNeGaHMA. B pesynbTare uaMenseTcA M xapaktep sByKa: ¥em Gonbiue acnmmetpna dopme! xoneGaHva, Tem wnpe ero cnektpanbibii cocTas. Mlpespauiaem cnnyconjanbiioe KoneGanue & nogoGue NunooSpasHoro KO- neGanua. Tonpo6yem HacTpoliKy CuMMeTpUMM B nelicTBHH. HauHeM c cHAycoM- fanbHoro KoneOaHNs; sarpysnm ycTaHoBKy 28. MepeKniownmer c reHeparopa Oscillator 2 Ha Oscillator 1, ana sToro nosepHem 6 sone Mix perynsTop Osc 2 90 0, a perynarop Osc 1 0 1. 06a rexeparopa reHepupytor ciyCoupanbHyto BONHy, HO 8 TOM OkcnepuMeHTe HaM roHaMOGuTCA HaCTpONKa cuMMeTpMM B reHepaTope Oscillator 1, JJna nony4eHa sucTo cnHycoMmaneHoro Kone6aKvia perynarop Symm (AOMKeH CTOATE Ha 0, HaxaB M He OTNYCKAA KABUL HOTbI, M1aBHO NOBOpaynBaem MpbilUbIO perynaTop Symm, Kak noKazaHo Ha pyc. 9.25 (MapkupoBKa STO! HaCTPOliKK Heynaurian: NOBbILeHNe aHaveHME NapaMeTpa CMMMeTpIIM Ha CaMOM gene nipiBo- AMT He k Conbueli CAMMeTpMIM, 2, HanpOTHB, K Gonbule acumMeTpHi KoeGaH). ee ea Puc. 9.25. VismeneHue HacTpoiiKH CuMMeTpHM curHasia reHeparopa B pexume Tri/Saw npusoaur k niasHoMy npespauleHvio chHycoMparbHoro KoneGanins 8 nunoobpasHoe Ha6niopaiire sa usmeHeHnem @opMil KoneGaHus Ha ekpaHe ocumnnorpaca u cny- uaiire, kak naMeHneTca xapakep sayka. Yem Gombe pacteT acMMMeTpHA CHHy- COMAAaNbHOM BONHEI, TEM LIMPe CTAHOBUTCA CnekTp KoNeGaHus, M OHO MO SByKy BCe MeHbIe HanloMMHaeT CHHyCoMpanbHoe KoneGaHve BCe Gosbule — nunoo6pas- Hoe. (Cpashure aro rnGpuaHoe KoneGaHve C HACTORUIMM N4NoOBpasHtiM KONe- Gatinem: nosepHie perynatop Symm go sHaveHna 1.0 1 BcnywaliTece B sey¥a- hie Monyyneweroca KoneGaHns. Tenepb sbiGepnTe ycTaHoBKy nunoo6pasHoro kone6aHa 27 ui cbirpaiite Ty xe CaMylo HOTY. SayKM HesbGA HagRaTs MAeANbHO OpMHAKOBLIMI, HO OHA OH NOXOXN.) Tpeyronbuoe u nunooGpastoe KoneGanue — ato “ognoro nons sromsi”. Te- Nepb BbI NOHMMaeTe, noYeMy 8 reHepatope Oscillator 1 ncnonbsyeTcA COBMeLIEH- Hb nlepekmoyaTent non HaseaHMeM Tri/Saw. SarpysuTe ycranoaKy 29 (rpeyront- Tapa 9. METOADI CHHTESA 3BYKA M IIPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTDI 465 Hoe KoneGaHne). Perynstrop Symm, onsvs-Taki, CTOMT 8 CTaH/lapTHOM, 3aaHHOM TO yMOmMAHIO, ROOKeHMM — 0. HaxMuTe KNasMULy HOTEI 1, He OTMYCKAA ee, yBe- AuunBaiiTe sHa4eHMe napaMeTpa cMMMeTpM4, NoBOpasHEAA perynaTop Symm, WBbl YBMAMTE Mt YONBILIVTe, KaK TpeyronbHOS KOneGaHve riaBHO npeEpawaerca B nimno06pasHoe. Bapmanrsl ucnonesonaHua. BosMoxHocTs nameHeHna CHMMeTpH KONeBAHHA pewlaeT ABe CepbesHbie NpoGNeMb! cHHTesa, BO-nepsbix, 370 NOSEOMFeT BHOCHTE. HeGonblIne VaMeHeHME 8 TeMGP OCHOBHEIX KoneGaHnis, Kak Bb yxe Cobian. BO- BTOPBIX, NOCKONBKY BO MHOTUX ChHTesaTopax NDeAyeMOTpeHa perynnpoeKa napa- MeTpa CMMMETPIM B PEXUME PEANbHOTO BPEMeHM, STO saeT BOSMOKHOCTE Bnpollecce UcnoNHEHMA UsMeHsTS copmy KoNeGAaHHA (Sty EOMOKHOCTS MOKHO Peanngozars v 8 nporpamme SoundSchool, HasHaune ANA ynpasieHvA HacTpoli- koi cammerpnin oni ua MIDI-KoHTponnepos). TpamoyronbHoe koneGanne Mpamoyronsioe koneGanne Tapmonunn. HeveTHbie rapmoHViku; ypoBeHb BbICLLIVX rapMOHMK OoTaeToA nocTa- TO4HO BbICOKMM (Kak y NMNOOGpasHOro KoNeGaHiiA), a HE CHMKAETCA PESKO, KaK y TpeyronbHoro koneGanna. Ha vo noxox anyk. COuHbIii, HO He SBeHAUIMI, rmyxOBaTBIIN; O4Hb NOXOX Ha SByK knapHeTa, ucnonHseMbiii Ges BAOpaTo. Hasnayenne. Vicnonbayerca mis OacoBbix v BeAyUINX napTui B KOMGMHaUWM cc Apyriumu koneGaHnsnn. MlosHakomptecb ¢ 31MM 3ByKOM Ha NpaktTuke. BriGepure B MeHiO yCTaHOBOK npanoxerina SoundSchool ycraHosky 26 — Basic Square. Bice rapMonMsH B cilekrpe LpaMoyrourHoro KoneGanns (puc. 9.26) uMmelor oTHOCH- ‘reapHo BLICOKMit ypOReH axaTOMNHO crteiKrpy HHsIooGpaanioro KomeGanHA, Ho B Orme OF mn006pasiioro KoNeGAIIHA B CIIEK TPE MpsIMOYTOMBHOTO KOEOARMA HMCIOTCA TOLKO Heuer HBIe TapMOHUKH, CO3AjOUMe COUNBIE, HO He SBeHAIMIt 3ByK. B HEM OTCYTCTBYIOT YeTHDIe rap- MOHNKH, MpHIaIONWe PesKocTb aBYKY MmHTOOGpasHoro KosIeGanUA. TIpu BEIGope ocHoBHOit MacTOTDI B TIpeneax CpemHHX TaCTOT 3BYKOBONO AMAHASOHA SBYK IIpAMoyroabIoro KosleGaHHA cranlopHiTea BHO TOXOKUM Ha SBYK KalapHera, uCHOmMAeMti Ges BuOpaTo. Yerarionka 26 8 mporpamme SoundSchool coornererayer Meaxapy — Knaccuyeckomy, CHMMeTPHSHOMY BapHaHTY UpsMOyroabHOro KosIeGAKHA, ¥ KOTOPOTO HEPXHAA 1 HIDKHAA TO- YROAHD CoBEpIeHHO WAeHTUMHE, Eu CHHTAT® HepxHIO| “HpsaMoyroubHYIO” nomyBosny 9T0PO KoNeGatiHs HAIYsbCOM, TO AINTeAbHOCTS HMIysIECa B aTOM CuyYae paBria HHTEpBAAY Mexly uMnyncamn, B SoundSchool, Kak no MHOTHX arias1oroEDIX cHHTeATOpAx, MpenyeMor- Pella ROIMOXKHOCTh UaMEHEHHs UIMpHADI HMTyabCa, HaxmuTe KasuMy u, He OTMYCKag ce, nosopasusaiire perysirop Symm, yseumubas sxaveHue Tapamerpa cammerpun. Hivmysbe Gysler upH aTOM riiaBHo Cy-kaTBCA HM sBYK MpAMOyTOMPHOTO KosIeGaNHA OyjeT CTaHOBHTECA BCE sonpitte, (IIprt yMcHbineHHM AmATeAbHOCTH HAMYsBCa SYK Hp|MOyTOTHHOTO KONeGAKA Cra- HOSHTCH HOxoxHM Ha SByK Kapneta Hohner Clavinet, sexrpouoro myspiKastpHoro MCT pymenra, crasiniero ronyxiapisim 6zarosapst Crasn Basepy (Stevie Wonder).) Mpa cyxenm 466 THABA 9. METOJbI CHHTESA 3BYKA M UPOPPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMENTDI Puc. 9.26. Knaccuiecknis sapnatT npavoyronHoro KoneGaHiiA — meanap (cnesa); pu cyxeHnn (cokpalueHiin AnuTensHOCTH) uM- nyeca (cnpasa) nponcxoauT usMeHeHve crekrpa npaMoyrons- Horo KoneGanns 4, CooTBeTCTBeHHO, TemOpa sByKa (aHepriia rap- MOHIKH OCHOBHOM YaCTOTsI yMeHLWaeTCA, Mepepacnpenensace M@XAY BeICLIMMM rapMOHMKaMH) TaABA 9. METOABI CHHTESA 3BYKA H IIPOTPAMMHBIE MHCTPYMEHTBI 467 MIIysIbCa NPOUCXOAMT CHIDKEHHe 9HeprHH rapMOHMKH OCHOBHOH YacroTBI, KoTOpas Tepepac- Tpenewierca Mexkay wbicunmmn rapwounkamn. B cekrpe mpsoyrosiioro Kos1eGaia, coctoa- lero 13 KOPOTKINS MIMTIy!TbcoB, KOTa VEFTepRAT MEKAY UMITYIDCAMH BiawITeNbHO TpeBEUAeT JBIMTENDHOCTS HMILYIIBCOB, HMEHTCA BCe TAPMOMKH, HYETHBIE, It HEYETHTIe, a He TOMBKO HeyeT- HbIe, KaK B CULY'Ae KUACCHHECKOTO HPsAMOYTOUIBHOTO KoOsIeCaHME — Meartapa, B uporpasae SoundSchool napamerp, xapaktepyayiontmfi mmpmry manympca, oGosiaieH HagpaHuem “symmetry”, HO B 6OUbIIMHCTBe CHHTesaTOPOB UCHOMbsyeTCA Apyras TepMEHOIO- rat — “pulse width” (mupuna umnystbca) wut “duty cycle” (Kosddbuuvert sanomienua). B omtiix crresaropax mpeilycmorpetia enpepsiptias perysmponka atoro napamerpa, a B ApY- THX — TOKO BOSMOXHOCT BBIGOPA ONHOTO M3 HECKONPKAX sanaHHbIX sHateHnit. Janee poToit rane Mbt GyNeM MMeTb eNO ¢ STEM TlapaMeTpoM npH usyrenMM cHocoba wonyALIH, HOmY4HBHLerO CooTBETCTBYIOIIee HasBaHMe — TIMpOTHO-MMMTYABCHAS MOAY.TAE. VimnynecHoe koneGanve 6 cpaBHeHun c npaMoyronbHbIM KoneGaHneM Tio60e npaMoyronsHoe KoNeGAHve ABNAETCA MMNysbCHbIM, HO He HaoGOpoT — umnynboHoe KoneGaHne He OGasaTenbHO sBNAETCA NpAMOyroIbHbIM. TIpK Cyxke- HMMM MMnynbca Mean Npespaulaetos B KONeGalIne, KOTOPOE HasbiBaeTCA VxKe HE NpsaMOyrONbHbiM, a MMnyCHLIM. AMnymscHoe KoneGaHine c yakuMn (T.e. KopOT- KvIMi1) UMMTyAbCaMM HMeeT CneKTP, OTAMMHBII OT cneKTpa MeaHnpa. Tapmonun, Bce (a He Tomko HeNeTHBIe). Tapmonuxa ocHOBHOM YacTorEI. SHeprus MeHbILIe, NO cpasHeHVio ¢ rapMoHH- KOii OCHOBHOM YacTOTE! B CreKTpe MeaHApa. Beicumme rapMonukn. SHeprua Gonbuuie, 4em B ChekTpe MeaHapa. OruGatouyne Kuapnarypa, no Cyn, — 9T0 scero JTKIb payibt KaaBMM, TONHee — KuTABHMI, ocHAIMeHEET garmnrkanm CKOPOCTH Hasarus-oTllyckanns, Hee (pyHKIU 10 Goabulomy cyeTy coquTest KE BKMOUEHINO U BEIKMOYeHMIO SByKa HoT. Hpoctoit amexrponnutli sByKonoit curHamusaTop, HaIpuMep, B Mm1xpono.tonoii es paboraer axaiormanpim OOpasom: OH BKZNOHAeTCA — 1 BBL GAInIMINTe BBYK, OM BOLITOWAeTCA — M1 SBYK MpeKpattiaeTes. PasHULla JUMlLIb B TOM, YTO 3ByKU IHeTpyMeHTOB, sTacKarOMIHe GAY, KYa1a CnOKHEe. BosbMem, 1ampmmep, akyeu¥ecxoe MHarnno: KnaBunTt B HeM Aeli¢TByIOT axfasIOrHTO Woasmmam Kasuarypst, Haraest iciaBHily — 1 MosIoTONeK 6uer no cTpye, OrnycKaem ko1anmmy — n neMmtcep TacuT BuiGpanun cTpyHbl, a, cooTReTeTBEHHO, HoYesaeT u gzyx. Kia huarypa orpomoro KommepTHoro posit Steinway, Kak KK KpyTH, ~ 9TO BCeTO THT SaypA- pili HaGop BEIKMOUATeLTeli, HO SBYK y aTOro posuis BbMaIoNUics! Peskas, MomHas aTaKa mH aokariil KeABINIIK, CABHY Ceirpa abyka flocsIe Yaapa Mo K:TABMMe; TTABHOe yracaHHie SRY a HWA CIpyHbl, NOKa kc1aBuilla HaxkaTa; H MOCAe OTMYCKAHHA KnaBHEM erposEtti Aemmdep :10- 2kUTCA Hla CTPYHY, Marko Tacs ee Bu6panuH. Kopoue rosopa, ny, cosnapaeutit aKycTIIMeCKMM MeTpyMeHTaMi, HaMeHAeTCs RO ppemenn, B textonormu cuntesa anyka HeoOXO/NM HHCTPYMerT MpHnaHis 1oBEeHHI0 SByKA nO Bpement omtee c:rOxHOrO Xapaktepa, a He MpocrO “HHLegAITHO BOIHIMK TAK 9Ke BHIesATTHO o6opsazes”. B uvicrpyMerrax cuitrresa anyKa, OT HepBbIX aviasIOTOBHIX CHHTESATOPOB 1 10 HO- elim mporpaMMisix cHiTesaropon, Wisi MOslesIMponariist XapakTepa HSMeHEHHA SBYKA BO [PeMeHH B g21escrpONHLX HliCrpyMeHTax uctiosbayercs! TexHoorHA orHGatontell (envelope). 468 TaaBa 9. METOUbI CHHTESA SBYKA HM IIPOPPAMMHDIE MHCTPYMEHTHL Uro Takoe orm6aiowjan Ozu6anwan (pac. 9.27) — ato amins, onmceiBaromtad WaMeHeHMe TakoTO TrapaMerpa SBY- Ka, Kak rpomKocTs, no Bpementn, B cnsresaropax yuna coananus ormGaiomHx mcnomsyroTcA crlentanbiste reneparoper orHGaromuex — crenmasbaBre Mony.tH, BbIpaGaTHRAIOMNe YIpaB- imoritue curHaz, KoTOpsIe HcrOmbayroTeA AIM HaMereHHs rpomKocr#t sByica, Teteparop Oru Gaiomeli He coaxaer anykonoro curHiama, oH poCTo YupaRainer 1eM-70 emte. [Ipesicrasure cebe, ‘STO BBI AMPHPKUPYeTe BHONONYENHCTOM — BbI JLesTaeTe ABWKEHHe PykOlt BREpx, sTOOK OF Hr- pai rpomue, a Korza xornTe, 4ToGs1 BHONOHMeNHCT Urpam THIIe, qenaeTe ZBWKEHME PyKOH puns, Pyka supmkepa — ato akBuasterT ynpanmsiomero cnrHana rewepatopa orGaromtelt: ona sasaer orn6aiomty:0 curnasta (KpuByi0 HaMeHeHIIa TpoMKOCTH BO BDEMeHI]), KOTOPY!O HC- TlominiTe» mpeo6pasyer » rpoMKocT aByKa (

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