2.

4 Hasil dan Pembahasan

2.4.1 Data Pengamatan

2.4.1.1 Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger
Tabel 2.3 Hasil Pengamatan Concentric pada Aliran Cocurrent dan Counter Current
Cocurrent Counter current

Hot Flow Cold Flow Hot Water Cold Water Hot Water Temperature Cold Water Temperature
(ft3/jam) (ft3/jam) Temperature (oF) Temperature (oF) (oF) (oF)

TH1 TH2 TC1 TC2 TH1 TH2 TC1 TC2

7,2042 104 104,18 85,64 99,68 135,5 127,04 68,36 102,74

6,5685 121,28 113,54 73,94 98,06 144,68 129,92 86,72 102,74

5,297 5,9328 115,88 115,16 74,12 90,86 141,44 125,78 86,36 101,3

5,2972 130,28 116,78 82,94 109,04 152,6 145,22 84,2 92,12

4,4496 140,54 119,3 85,1 101,48 154,4 146,84 86,36 93,74

2.4.1.2 Jacket
Tabel 2.4 Hasil Pengamatan Jacket Batch Operation pada 0 dan 300 rpm

0 rpm 300 rpm

Flowrate
Time Hot Water Temperature Cold Water Temperature Hot Water Temperature Cold Water
(ft3/jam)
(s) (oF) (oF) (oF) Temperature(oF)

TH1 TH2 TC5 TH1 TH2 TC5

0 154,22 154,58 91,94 142,52 149 126,68

1 163,76 176,72 100,76 154,4 138,56 132,62
2 144,32 156,74 103,784 157,1 150,98 136,94
5,297
3 145,04 139,82 109,94 169,16 173,48 107,78
4 145,76 152,78 113,9 163,94 157,64 85,64
5 136,04 160,52 119,84 141,08 140,18 86,54
Tabel 2.5 Hasil Pengamatan Jacket Continuous Operation pada 0 rpm dan 300 rpm

0 rpm 300 rpm

Time Flowrate Hot Water Cold Water Hot Water Cold Water
(s) (ft3/jam) Temperature (oF) Temperature (oF) Temperature (oF) Temperature(oF)

TH1 TH2 TC1 TC4 TH1 TH2 TC1 TC4

0 172,22 171,5 68,36 75,92 159,08 206,24 77,36 100,4

1 208,76 180,32 69,08 86,18 157,82 143,96 87,8 87,62
2 176 164,3 77,36 80,06 177,62 165,74 96,26 100,22
5,297
3 181,58 182,12 86,36 102,02 156,74 140,72 87,62 100,22
4 199,04 174,38 89,96 89,78 161,06 139,28 91,4 86,9
5 199,58 193,82 86,72 98,24 192,74 139,82 90,14 88,52
2.4.2 Hasil Perhitungan
Tabel 2.6 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Hot Fluid pada Concentric Cocurrent
Hot Flow TH1 TH2 THavg ρ Cp mh qh
No,
(ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
1 104 104,18 104,09 61,9449 0,9986 328,1325 -58,9807
2 121,28 113,54 117,41 61,7518 0,9989 327,1096 2529,1597
3 5,297 115,88 115,16 115,52 61,7792 0,9989 327,2548 235,3632
4 130,28 116,78 123,53 61,6596 0,9991 326,6214 4405,6356
5 140,54 119,3 129,92 61,5525 0,9995 326,0543 6921,8484

Tabel 2.7 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Cold Fluid pada Concentric Cocurrent
Cold Flow TC1 TC2 TC avg ρ Cp mc qc
No,
(ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
1 7,2042 85,64 99,68 92,66 62,0811 0,9986 447,2415 6270,4177
2 6,5685 73,94 98,06 86 62,1603 0,9986 408,2995 9834,2978
3 5,9328 74,12 90,86 82,49 62,1944 0,9987 368,9889 6168,7396
4 5,2972 82,94 109,04 95,99 62,0415 0,9993 328,6442 8571,4410
5 4,4496 85,1 101,48 93,29 62,0736 0,9994 276,2041 4521,2908

Tabel 2.8 Hasil Perhitungan Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Overall pada Concentric Cocurrent
LMTD Uo Ui Um
No,
(oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF)
1 9,8571 -8,8518 1109,7444 -6,2162
2 28,5022 131,2706 601,9199 92,1844
3 32,2460 10,7977 333,7299 7,5827
4 21,8669 298,0513 683,8179 209,3057
5 33,1460 308,9312 237,9613 216,9461
Tabel 2.9 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Heat Exchanger pada Concentric Cocurrent
Rf
(mxCp)hot (mxCp)cold (mxCp)min q actual Thavg - Tcavg
No, Keefektifan (∈) (jam ft2
(Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam) (oF) o
F/Btu)
1 327,6707 446,6110 327,6707 -58,9807 6,3500 -0,0283 0,0026
2 326,7648 407,7238 326,7648 2529,1597 17,4500 0,4436 0,0027
3 326,8934 368,5030 326,8934 235,3632 18,3500 0,0392 0,0027
4 326,3434 328,4077 328,4077 4405,6356 15,3000 0,8768 0,0026
5 325,8874 276,0251 276,0251 4521,2908 20,3500 0,8049 0,0026

Tabel 2.10 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Hot Fluid pada Concentric Counter Current
TH1 TH2 ρ Cp mh qh
No, Hot Flow (ft3/jam) THavg (oF)
(oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
1 135,5 127,04 131,27 61,5299 0,9996 325,9345 2756,1920
2 144,68 129,92 137,3 61,4289 0,9999 325,3994 4802,3181
3 5,297 141,44 125,78 133,61 61,4907 0,9997 325,7269 5099,2706
4 152,6 145,22 148,91 60,7489 1,0006 321,7975 2376,3241
5 154,4 146,84 150,62 60,6271 1,0007 321,1522 2429,6772

Tabel 2.11 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Cold Fluid pada Concentric Counter Current
Cold Flow TC1 TC2 TC avg ρ Cp mc qc
No,
(ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
1 0,0034 68,36 102,74 85,55 62,1647 0,9986 447,8438 15375,3451
2 0,0031 86,72 102,74 94,73 62,1306 0,9986 408,1046 6530,2254
3 0,0028 86,36 101,3 93,83 62,1603 0,9986 368,7866 5501,9037
4 0,0025 84,2 92,12 88,16 62,0571 0,9986 328,7269 2599,8464
5 0,0022 86,36 93,74 90,05 62,1121 0,9986 289,5363 2133,7653
Tabel 2.12 Hasil Perhitungan Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Overall pada Concentric Counter Current
LMTD Uo Ui Um
No,
(oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF) (Btu /jam ft2 oF)
1 44,4680 91,6921 292,5280 64,3905
2 42,5669 166,8973 68,2580 117,2031
3 39,7789 189,6380 50,6130 133,1728
4 60,7496 57,8672 78,3772 40,6371
5 60,5700 59,3419 62,7277 41,6727

Tabel 2.13 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Heat Exchanger pada Concentric Counter Current
(mxCp)hot (mxCp)cold (mxCp)min Q actual Thavg - Tcavg Rf
No, Keefektifan (∈)
(Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam) (oF) (jam ft2 oF/Btu)
1 325,7910 447,2177 325,7910 15375,3451 67,1400 0,7029
2 325,3603 407,6296 325,3603 4802,3181 57,9600 0,2547
3 325,6239 368,2666 325,6239 5099,2706 55,0800 0,2843 0,0013
4 321,9951 328,2634 321,9951 2376,3241 68,4000 0,1079
5 321,3859 289,1281 289,1281 2133,7653 68,0400 0,1085
Tabel 2.14 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 0 rpm Hot Fluid
Time Flowrate TH1 TH2 THavg ρ Cp mh qh
(s) (ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
0 154,22 154,58 154,4 61,0840 1,0010 323,5626 -116,5965
1 163,76 176,72 170,24 60,7794 1,0024 321,9492 -4182,2846
2 5,297 144,32 156,74 150,53 61,1645 1,0007 323,9892 -4026,8499
3 145,04 139,82 142,43 60,6827 1,0002 321,4369 1678,2099
4 145,76 152,78 149,27 60,9084 1,0006 322,6325 -2266,3251
5 136,04 160,52 148,28 61,2450 1,0005 324,4152 -7945,3575

Tabel 2.15 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 0 rpm Cold Fluid
Cp
TC5 ρ mc TC5n-TC5n-1 qc
Time(s) Volume (ft3) ( Btu/lb
(oF) (lb/ft3) o (lb/jam) (oF) (Btu/jam)
F)
0 91,94 62,1401 0,9989 4,8283 8,82 -
1 100,76 62,1101 0,9987 4,8260 3,02 2552,3445
2 103,784 62,0999 0,9986 4,8252 6,16 874,4624
0,0777
3 109,94 62,0035 0,9987 4,8177 3,96 1779,7180
4 113,9 61,8990 0,9989 4,8096 5,94 1143,2457
5 119,84 61,7422 0,9990 4,7974 8,82 1712,1580
Tabel 2.16 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 300 rpm Hot Fluid
Time Flowrate TH1 TH2 THavg ρ Cp mh Qh
(s) (ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
0 142,52 149 145,76 61,2638 1,0072 324,5150 -2118,0535
1 154,4 138,56 146,48 61,2488 1,0069 324,4356 5174,3813
2 5,297 157,1 150,98 154,04 61,0915 1,0032 323,6023 1986,7071
3 169,16 173,48 171,32 60,7592 1,0025 321,8419 -1393,7695
4 163,94 157,64 160,79 60,9510 0,9998 322,8582 2033,6967
5 141,08 140,18 140,63 61,3706 1,0097 325,0805 295,4236

Tabel 2.17 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 300 rpm Cold Fluid
Time Volume TC5 ρ Cp mc TC5n-TC5n-1 qc
(s) (ft3/jam) (oF) (lb/ft3) ( Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (oF) (Btu/jam)
0 126,68 61,9783 0,9991 4,8157 5,94 -
1 132,62 61,9697 0,9991 4,8150 4,32 116883,5377
2 136,94 61,9279 0,9992 4,8118 -29,16 84954,9329
0,0777
3 107,78 61,8783 0,9992 4,8079 -22,14 -573014,0671
4 85,64 61,9890 0,9991 4,8165 0,90 -435781,8905
5 86,54 61,9804 0,9991 4,8159 5,94 17712,2632
Tabel 2.18 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm Hot Fluid
Time Flowrate qh mh ρ Cp TH1 TH2 TH avg
(s) (ft3/jam) (Btu/jam) (lb/jam) (lb/ft3) (Btu/lb oF) (oF) (oF) (oF)
0 232,2991 321,8316 60,7572 1,0025 172,22 171,5 171,86
1 9123,4044 319,1615 60,2531 1,0051 208,76 180,32 194,54
2 3776,4654 322,0194 60,7927 1,0023 176 164,3 170,15
5,297
3 -173,7881 320,6792 60,5397 1,0036 181,58 182,12 181,85
4 7926,5617 320,0997 60,4303 1,0042 199,04 174,38 186,71
5 1846,7582 318,8853 60,2010 1,0054 199,58 193,82 196,7

Tabel 2.19 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm Cold Fluid
Time Flowrate TC1 TC4 TCavg ρ Cp mc qc
(s) (ft3/jam (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) (Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
0 68,36 75,92 72,14 62,2865 0,9992 329,9321 2492,3305
1 69,08 86,18 77,63 62,2416 0,9988 329,6943 5631,0758
2 77,36 80,06 78,71 62,2311 0,9988 329,6387 888,9419
5,297
3 86,36 102,02 94,19 62,0629 0,9986 328,7476 5140,9294
4 89,96 89,78 89,87 62,1143 0,9986 329,0199 -59,1401
5 86,72 98,24 92,48 62,0832 0,9986 328,8554 3783,0727
Tabel 2.20 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm Hot Fluid
Time Flowrate qh mh ρ Cp TH1 TH2 TH avg
(s) (ft3/jam) (Btu/jam) (lb/jam) (lb/ft3) (Btu/lb oF) (oF) (oF) (oF)
0 -14616,4743 309,0519 58,3446 1,0029 159,08 206,24 182,66
1 4494,8696 324,0636 61,1786 1,0007 157,82 143,96 150,89
2 3732,6754 313,5320 59,1904 1,0021 177,62 165,74 171,68
5,297
3 5155,5740 321,6274 60,7187 1,0006 156,74 140,72 148,73
4 6998,8621 321,1195 60,6228 1,0007 161,06 139,28 150,17
5 16722,4072 315,4368 59,5500 1,0018 192,74 139,82 166,28

Tabel 2.21 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm Cold Fluid
Time Flowrate TC1 TC4 TCavg ρ Cp mc qc
(s) (ft3/jam) (oF) (oF) (oF) (lb/ft3) (Btu/lb oF) (lb/jam) (Btu/jam)
0 77,36 100,4 88,88 62,1260 329,0823 7571,3649
1 87,8 87,62 87,71 62,1400 329,1560 -59,1645
2 5,297 96,26 100,22 98,24 62,0147 0,9986 328,4924 1298,9959
3 87,62 100,22 93,92 62,0661 328,7647 4136,5941
4 91,4 86,9 89,15 62,1228 329,0652 -1478,7057
5 90,14 88,52 89,33 62,1207 329,0539 -532,3157
Tabel 2.22 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Batch Operation 0 dan 300 rpm
0 rpm 300 rpm
Time
Flowrate
(s) Hot Water (oF) Cold Water (oF) Hot Water (oF) Cold Water (oF) hj
(ft3/jam)
∈ ∈ (Btu/hr ft2 °F)
TH1 TH2 TC5 TH1 TH2 161,5913
0 154,22 154,58 91,94 - 142,52 149 155,2995 - 161,5913
1 163,76 176,72 100,76 0,8772 154,4 138,56 150,9283 0,7857 155,2995
2 144,32 156,74 103,784 0,7739 157,1 150,98 157,1931 0,6627 150,9283
5,297
3 145,04 139,82 109,94 0,6610 169,16 173,48 142,6581 1,4449 157,1931
4 145,76 152,78 113,9 0,5920 163,94 157,64 144,4120 2,1014 142,6581
5 136,04 160,52 119,84 0,3673 141,08 140,18 86,54 3,7875 144,4120

Tabel 2.23 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm

(m x Cp)Hot (m x Cp)cold (m x Cp)min q act
TH1 - TC4 (oF) Keefektifan (∈)
(Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam)
322,6376 329,6733 322,637634 232,2991 96,30 0,0075
320,7948 329,3027 320,79481 5631,0758 122,58 0,1432
322,7748 329,2377 322,774825 888,9419 95,94 0,0287
321,8297 328,2841 321,829741 -173,7881 79,56 -0,0068
321,4340 328,5560 321,433969 -59,1401 109,26 -0,0017
320,6177 328,3917 320,617737 1846,7582 101,34 0,0568
Tabel 2.25 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm
(m x Cp)Hot (m x Cp)cold (m x Cp)min q act TH1 - TC4 hj
(Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam oF) (Btu/jam) (oF) Keefektifan (∈) (Btu/hr ft2 °F)
309,9337 328,6183 309,933722 -14616,4743 58,68 -0,8037 202,2869
324,3052 328,6919 324,305169 -59,1645 70,20 -0,0026 189,8037
314,1983 328,0293 314,198263 1298,9959 77,40 0,0534 197,9147
321,8211 328,3011 321,821102 4136,5941 56,52 0,2274 187,5175
321,3435 328,6013 321,343531 -1478,7057 74,16 -0,0621 188,2025
315,9941 328,5899 315,99409 -532,3157 104,22 -0,0162 195,5458