Advanced Material: “Graphene”

Graphene has become one of most interested materials of the last decade. These material has
two dimentions monoatomic (2D). Graphene was synthesized by graphene oxide with reducing
oxygen function. The formation of graphene oxide was described by Brodie in a short note
that appeared in 1885. Brodie Method uses graphite as raw materials and sodium cholarate and
nitrite acids as an oxidant but this method is not effective. The partially oxidized product from
the first reaction needs to be isolated, purified and subjected to a new oxidation cycle several
times until sufficiently oxidized product is obtained. Graphene Oxide can synthesized through
Hummers Method from graphite and then using sulfuric acids (H2SO4), sodium nitrate
(NaNO3), kalium permanganat (KmnO4), and peroxide acids (H2O2). Indeed, this method is
more effective compared to the other method because oxidation process not producing gasses
chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and reaction in low temperature. Finally graphene oxide has been
formed and then last step is reducing oxygen function using ascorbic acids. Graphene has
stronger mechanical properties than steel and conductive material. Graphene oxide is a
promising nanomaterial involve large sector in the future. Graphene oxide aplications are
including solar cells, supercapacitors, membrane, battery, material for aircraft body and many
other uses.

Reference:

A. Baladin, et al. 2008. Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene. Nano

Letters. vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 902 – 907.
Ayrat M Dimiev. 2017. Graphene Oxide Fundamentals and Aplications. John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd. United Kingdom.

Bolotin, K. I. et al.2008. Ultrahigh Electron Mobility In Suspended Graphene. Solid State

Communications. vol. 146, no. 9, pp. 351 – 355.

Norman dkk. 2015. Kajian Pembuatan Oksida Grafit Untuk Produksi Oksida Grafena Dalam
Jumlah Besar. Jurnal Fisika Indonesia. vol. 19, no. 55, pp. 26 – 29.