Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CORPS
MILITARY SCIENCE 1
HANDBOOK/WORKBOOK
(INSTRUCTOR’S COPY)
2007
PREFACE
Upon completing the MS 2 of the ROTC program, the cadets will be enlisted
into the reserve force. This handbook, containing basic military subjects, will remain
as one of their reference materials whenever they will be called for active military
training or service.
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Training Staff of the 3rd Regional Community Defense Group, ARESCOM,
To the ROTC Instructors and cadets who inspired me to prepare this material
To my Family for their morale support and for those whose names were not
mentioned but have assisted me in one way or the other in the preparation of this
And above all, to the Great Architect of the Universe for giving me the right
3
MILITARY SCIENCE I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
1. MILITARY ORIENTATION:
a. Legal Bases
b. Military Organization
c. Philippine Military History
d. AFP Core Values
e. Military Courtesy and Discipline
f. Military Justice
g. Military Leadership
a. Basic Intelligence
b. Basic Map Reading and Land Navigation
c. Individual Movement Technique
d. Basic Formation
e. Basic Weapon Training
f. Pre-Marksmanship Training
3. PUBLIC INFORMATION
4. CIVIL AFFAIRS
5. MANDATORY READINGS
LEGAL BASES
MILITARY ORGANIZATION
6
The President (Commander-in-Chief)
Secretary of National Defense –
Chief of Staff, AFP
Major Service Commanders (PA, PN, PAF)
Unified Command Commander (NOLCOM, SOLCOM,
WESCOM, VISCOM, WESTMINCOM, EASTMINCOM)
Division Commanders
Brigade Commanders
Battalion Commanders
Company Commanders
Platoon Leaders
Squad Leaders/Team Leaders
MISSION OF DND
1. Philippine Army
2. Philippine Navy
3. Philippine Air Force
11
AFP ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
AFP
Area Commands
WESTMINCOM
NOLCOM SOLCOM VISCOM WESCOM SOUTHCOM
EASTMINCO M
CAPABILITIES
12
MISSION OF THE PHILIPPINE AIR FORCE
CAPABILITIES
CAPABILITIES
13
MISSION OF ARESCOM
CAPABILITIES
1. Administer reservists.
2. Provide ready reserve force.
3. Conduct informal assembly.
4. Sustain the production of reservists.
5. Assist in relief and rescue operations during disaster
and calamities.
6. Assist the local government units.
7. Assist in socio-economic activities.
8. Assist retirees and veterans.
9. Support the internal security operations in terms of
intelligence collection and civil military operations.
10 Support the “Berdeng Pilipinas” Program of PGMA.
14
PHILIPPINE ARMY ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
PA
LABDe SOCOM
Combat Support Units
INF DIV
VICECOM
CS
NCR
HSCOY
CDC
15
PHILIPPINE MILITARY HISTORY
Pre-Spanish Occupation
Spanish Occupation
American Influence
As the war broke out between the United States and Spain on
April 23, 1898, the Americans convinced the Filipinos to cooperate
with the Americans against Spain with the promise that the United
States will grant independence to the Philippines. Aguinaldo
declared war against Spain. In June 12, 1898, the Philippine
Independence from Spain was declared in Kawit, Cavite. Later on,
the Philippine Navy was created 22 June 22, 1898 by the
Revolutionary Army.
17
To hasten the Philippine campaign and to establish peace and
order, an insular police force known as the Philippine Constabulary
was organized on August 8, 1901 followed by the establishment of
the Philippine Military Academy on February 7, 1905.
The defeat of the Fil-Am forces did not end the armed struggle
in the Philippines. Those who refused to surrender went
underground and waged a guerilla fighting against the Japanese.
The activities of the guerilla forces were very instrumental in the
successful come back of the liberating US Forces under Gen
Douglas Mc Arthur who landed in Leyte on October 20, 1944.
18
2. EVOLUTION AND ROLE OF THE ROTC IN THE PREVIOUS
WARS
The NSTP has three (3) components namely: the ROTC, which
is designed to provide military training to students to prepare for
national defense, the Department of National Defense (DND) is the
lead agency in the implementation of the ROTC component, the
Literacy Training Service (LTS), which is designed to train students
to become teachers to school children, out of school youth and
other segments of the society who are in dire need of their service,
the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) is the lead agency in
the implementation of the LTS component and the Civic Welfare
Training Service (CWTS), which will involve the students to
activities to contribute to general welfare and betterment of life, the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is
the lead agency in the implementation of CWTS component. The
students can select any of the three (3) components as a
requirement for their baccalaureate degree or two-year vocational
course.
a. Honor
b. Loyalty
c. Valor
25
We believe in valor as the power and strength, courage
and ability to overcome fear, which enables the soldiers to carry
out their mission and to accomplish what is seemingly impossible.
It is more than bravery or ability to endure pain. Valor is calmness
and presence of mind in the heat of battle where danger or death is
imminent. It is the courage to stand for what is right and the
perseverance to make it difficult for others to do wrong.
d. Duty
e. Solidarity
c. Chain of Command
d. Military Leadership
e. People’s Support
27
f. National Development
g. Partisan Politics
h. Democracy
i. National Interest
j. Peace
k. War
The AFP believes that war or the use of force against the
enemy of the state shall be resorted to only when all the peaceful
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means shall have failed and no other option is left to resolve the
conflict.
m. Social Justice
n. Human Rights
p. Professionalism
q. Standards
1) Standard of Loyalty
2) Standard of Competence
30
All military must be competent in the performance
of his duties. By competence means the ability or capability to do
what is expected him to do and to do it well.
3) Standard of Ethics
Every soldier must conform to the accepted
principles of right conduct, being observed in the society which he
is a part, from being a soldier, he is also a citizen of the community,
because the military community is only a part of a larger society –
the “Filipino society”
4) Standard of Morals
The soldier must be aware that he has the capacity
to distinguish between what is right and what is wrong. To be
moral is to do the right things and to avoid the wrong ones.
r. Unprofessional Acts
1) Acts of Disloyalty
We are disloyal when we do something or refuse to
do something that constitute betrayal of our country and people,
non-support to our duly constituted government and disregard to
the AFP chain of Command. Some disloyal acts are cowardice in
the face of the enemy, desertion or abandonment of post, AWOL,
insubordination, disrespect to superior, bypassing the chain of
command.
2)Acts of Incompetence
We are incompetent when we lack the required
knowledge, skills, physical attributes and character traits
necessary for the adequate performance of duty and
accomplishment of mission.
3) Unethical Acts
31
Unethical acts are deviations from the established
and accepted ethical and moral standards of behavior and
performance laid down in the AFP code of ethics. Some of these
unethical acts are using government time for outside employment,
sideline, position or authority, unwarranted assertion or rank,
tolerating irregularities in the military service, etc.
4) Corrupt Acts
Corrupt acts are crimes against public interest,
public morals, property, chastity, civil status of person and honor.
We are corrupt when we are dishonest, unjust and commit moral
acts.
MILITARY COURTESY & DISCIPLINE
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
32
different forms of military courtesy. Learn to practice them
wholeheartedly and insist that your fellow soldiers do the same.
c. CUSTOMS OF THE SERVICE – it is the body of unwritten
or common law of the armies, navies and air forces.
d. MORALE – the term may be defined as the mental state
and spirit of an individual or unit.
e. EFFICIENCY – it is the ability to accomplish successfully
an assigned task in the shortest possible time with the least
confusion. Efficiency requires interest, resourcefulness, and
proficiency. It develops pride, and the satisfaction of a job well
done.
2. THE SALUTE
The salute is the most important and the most common form
of all the military courtesies. It is a time honored tradition of the
profession of arms, practiced in all military organizations in the
world. The manner an individual executes the salute is an
indication of his attitude towards his duties as a military man and
existing state of morale and discipline in his unit. A sloppishly and
grudgingly rendered salute or a childish pretense not to notice
anyone to whom a salute is due, shows neglect or ignorance of the
individual duties, his lack of confidence and ability to perform
them, his lack of pride in his team and possession of a stubborn
and defiant character making him unsuited to cooperate with
others in a common effort. When you salute or return a salute
smartly, clearly mark yourself as a soldier who has pride in yourself
and your organization.
33
b. When to Salute
1) Reporting to an officer.
2) Meeting an officer
3) When the national color passes by
4) When the national anthem is being played. (Out
door only)
5) Raising and lowering of flag.
6) After conversing with an officer.
34
f. A soldier salutes an officer if he meets and recognizes
him inside a military camp even though they are both in civilian
clothes or when either one of them is in uniform. When both or
each of them are in civilian clothes and they meet outside of camp,
a courteous "Good Morning , Sir" or other greeting will do.
g. The salute is rendered only once if the officer remains in
the immediate vicinity and conversation takes place, the junior
must again salute the officer when he leaves or dismiss him.
h. Unlike Navy personnel, soldiers never salute with the left
hand. When a soldiers hold something on his right hand, he
transfer it to the left and salute. When it is impractical to burden
both hands, he simply greets the officer as he meets him.
i. The salute is always executed while looking at the
person being saluted. It is always best to accompany such
courteous gesture with "Good Morning, Sir" or some appropriate
greetings.
j. Enlisted Personnel salute other enlisted personnel only
in formation when rendering reports.
k. Whenever a soldier is in doubt, as to whether a salute is
appropriate or not-HE SALUTES
35
the mourners. Military men not in formation attending military
funerals follow the mourners according to seniority.
36
MILITARY JUSTICE
1. Military Jurisdiction.
37
a. All officers and enlisted personnel in the Regular Force
of the AFP.
b. All reservists from the date of their call to active duty
and while on such active duty.
c. All trainees undergoing military instructions.
d. All cadets of the PMA and PAF Flying School, and
Probationary Lieutenants on actual training.
e. Retainers to camp and all persons accompanying or
serving with the AFP in the filed of war or when martial law is
declared.
f. All persons under sentence adjudged by a court-martial
or military tribunal.
a. Admonition
b. Reprimand
42
c. Suspension of privileges for a period not exceeding one
(1) week.
d. Extra fatigue not exceeding one (1) week.
e. Hard Labor without confinement not exceeding one (1)
week for privates and privates first class.
f. Any combination of the penalties just cited not
exceeding one (1) week.
43
MILITARY LEADERSHIP
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
2. LEADERSHIP TRAITS
44
i. JUDGEMENT – is the ability to logically weigh facts and
possible solutions on to arrive at a sound decisions
j. JUSTICE – is the reward and punishment according to
the merits of the case in question
k. KNOWLEDGE – keeping self abreast of current
development I his military specialty and command
l. LOYALTY – is the quality of faithfulness to country,
seniors, subordinates and peers.
m. TACT – is the ability to deal with others in respectful
manner
n. UNSELFISHNESS – is one who avoids his own comfort
and personal advancement for the welfare of his men.
3. LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES
5. INDICATORS OF LEADERSHIP
____________________________ _______________
(Name) (Date)
WRITTEN EXAMINATION
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill-in the blanks with the word or group of words that will make the
sentence complete or as required. After completing the examination, detach the same
from this book and submit to your Platoon Leaders.
1. Section 4, Article II of the Constitution provides that the prime duty of the
Government is to serve and protect the people.
2. Section 38, Article VII, Republic Act 7077 – Reserve Officers Training Corps
(ROTC) states that, “Military training for students enrolled in colleges, universities
and similar institutions of learning is mandatory pursuant to the provisions of the
National Defense Act of 1935 and the 1987 Constitution.”
3. Republic Act Nr 9163 makes ROTC Optional and requires male and female
freshmen students taking baccalaureate degree and at least two (2) year
48
vocational/technical or associate courses to take the National Service Training
Program (NSTP)
4. The AFP pledges allegiance to the Filipino people, adheres to the principle of
supremacy of civilian authority over the military at all times and vows to uphold and
defend the constitution.
6. The DND is the agency under the Executive Branch of the government which is
responsible for the supervision of the national defense program of the country.
7. The Chief of Staff, AFP – is the highest military officer in the AFP.
8. The Deputy Chief of Staff for Reservist and Reserve Force Development, J8
9. The mission of the Armed Forces of the Philippines is: “To protect the people
and secure the sovereignty of the state and the integrity of the national territory.”
11. The mission of the Philippine Army is to conduct prompt and sustained ground
operations to accomplish the AFP mission.
12. The mission of the Philippine Air Force is to conduct prompt and sustained
operations in the air especially those forces needed to defend the Philippines against
air attacks, to gain air superiority and control vital air areas.
13. The mission of the Philippine Navy is to organize, train, equip, maintain and
operate naval forces, aircraft and other naval units necessary to provide the water
borne support required by the AFP in accomplishment of its mission.
14. The mission of ARESCOM is to develop, organize, train, equip and administer
a high competent mobilizeable reserve force as an integral component of the total
army in the defense of the state and to participate in socio-economics development
effort of the government.
15. Lapu – lapu, who fought in the Battle of Mactan on 27 Apr 1521 is the
acknowledged father of the AFP.
16. Andres Bonifacio who founded the Katipunan on 7 Jul 1892 is considered as
the father of the Philippine Army.
17. On June12, 1898, the independence was declared at Kawit, Cavite and for the
first time, the Philippine Flag was unfurled and our National Anthem was played
18. On 21 December 1935, the National Defense Act was enacted officially to create
the AFP.
19. The strongest clamor for its abolition occurred in March 2001 as a
consequence of the death of University of Santo Tomas ROTC Cadet Mark Chua who
49
was allegedly hazed by senior ROTC cadets for his expose’ of several malpractices in
the ROTC program.
20. Honor is the most important virtue that a soldier must posses. It is in fact
considered as more precious than life itself.
21. The members of the AFP believe in unflinching loyalty. Thus we shall promote
the national interest and security as a paramount concern. We shall support and
defend the constitution
22. Valor is the power and strength, courage and ability to overcome fear, which
enables the soldiers to carry out their mission and to accomplish what is seemingly
impossible.
23. Duty is a personal act of responsibility, which we show by doing all our
assigned tasks to the best of our ability.
24. Solidarity is the value that binds us with the rest of our comrades-in-arms. It
is the value that makes us one strong and united organization.
25. Chain of Command deals on the generally accepted principles that a military
action being executed should pass the approval or consent of the Commander at
each level or echelon of command from lowest to highest without bypassing any
approving authority or taking the action upon one’s self as his prerogative.
25. Military justice is the system for enforcing discipline and administering
criminal law in the Military Establishment.
26. As a general rule, courts-martial have the exclusive jurisdiction over all
persons subject to military law who commit an offense penalized by the punitive
articles of war
28. MILITARY DISCIPLINE - is the state of order and obedience among personnel in
a military organization. It is characterized by the men's prompt and willing
responsiveness to orders and unhesitating compliance to regulations.
29. The salute is the most important and the most common form of all the military
courtesies
30. Saluting distance is the distance of recognition. Usually it does not exceed 30
paces. The salute is rendered and the hand is held in position until the officers
saluted has passed or after the salute is returned
50
32. MILITARY LEADERSHIP – is the ability to influence others directing them
towards the accomplishment of a mission.
35. MORALE
37. DISCIPLINE
38. PROFICIENCY
51
COMBAT TRAINING OF INDIVIDUAL SOLDIER
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
2. INTELLIGENCE PRINCIPLES:
a. Intelligence is continues.
All intelligence activities follow a four-stage cycle:
planning, collection, evaluation and dissemination. The cycle is
continuous and all steps are carried out in an orderly fashion. We
cannot afford to have unsystematic and inefficient of information.
Any lead must be followed vigorously. Check the reliability of the
source to verify the raw information. Do anything to make that
information available in useful form.
b. Intelligence operations and tactical operations are
interdependent.
52
c. Intelligence must be useful.
Intelligence must be useful. Otherwise, what do
operating troops need it for? It must focus on a certain intelligence
requirement of a commander or his operating troops. The
intelligence operation is not terminated, until positive results come
out.
d. Intelligence must be timely.
The best intelligence is worthless if it does not reach the
user in time for appropriate action. There must always be an
effective system of disseminating intelligence, as the timeliness of
each bit of information must be exploited.
3. INTELLIGENCE AXIOMS:
Intelligence axioms are facts that require no doubt because
the truths of these statements are obvious.
54
b) To protect the command by avoiding surprise
and denying the enemy information concerning his own forces.
c) To assist in the processing of other
information.
Also, in the Commander’s estimate of the situation,
three of the five steps involved the active participation of the
intelligence effort. The commander should have readily available
information required by the two steps of the Estimate of the
situation – the mission and the friendly capabilities. The
information required in the last three steps – knowledge of the
weather, enemy and terrain – must be provided by the intelligence
officer.
After the intelligence requirements have been
determined and priorities have been established, the intelligence
officer must determine what indications will answer questions
about the requirements. He must then select the agencies that will
actually collect the required information. There are four criteria for
the proper selection of collection agencies: Capability, Suitability,
Multiplicity and Balance.
To insure a logical, orderly process in his search
for the answer to the essential elements of information, the
Intelligence officer develops a collection plan. He analyzes the
essential elements of information for possible indications of enemy
activities, determines the collections agencies he will use, direct,
these agencies in the search for information by using specific
orders and request for information is to be reported. During this
entire process, the intelligence officer is continually supervising
the execution of the orders and request which have been issued.
c. Collection of Information
58
REPORT WRITING
1. DEFINITION
• Pertinence unbiased
• clear phraseology completeness
• accuracy conciseness
59
c. The Organization and Expression of a Report
• Heading
• Collection and Source Data
• The Information Part
• The Interpretive Comments
e. EXAMPLE OF REPORTS
• Information Report
• Operational Report
• Summary of Information
• Agent’s Report
5. EVALUATION OF REPORT
(Description of a Person)
61
It is imperative to note that accurate description of persons is
a vital qualification for a Special Agent in the Counterintelligence
field. The goal of persons in the field of counterintelligence is to
train themselves so that they can obtain a complete physical
description of an individual in a matter of seconds. This ability to
describe another person may be acquired in the following manner:
62
e. WEIGHT - When estimating an individual's weight always
give a ten-pound span. Example: 150 (estimated weight), it should
be done in the following manner : 145 - 155 lbs. In estimating the
weight of an individual you have to consider also the built and the
height.
63
Emaciated - Subtract 40 pounds from the normal (weight)
Thin - - - Subtract 25 pounds from the normal (weight)
Slender- - Subtract 15 pounds from the normal (weight)
Medium - No weight is added to or subtracted from
the normal (weight)
64
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON CONSIDERED FOR
OBSERVATION
1) Square 5) Fat
2) Broad 6) Long
3) Round 7) Oval- - the most common type
4) Thin
1) Prominent cheekbones
2) Flabby cheeks (weak, lack firmness)
3) Full or Flat
4) Bony or Thin
5) Smiling - shows signs of pleasure
6) Scowling - shows a threatening behavior
1) Round
65
2) High at the back
3) Flat at the back
4) Bulging at the back
5) Egg or keel-shaped
e. TYPES OF COMPLEXION:
1) Fair 5) Yellow
2) Dark 6) Black
3) Sunburnt 7) Brown
4) Brick-red 8) Ruddy (healthy reddish )
1) Thick or Thin
2) Sparse
3) Long or Short
66
i. TYPES OF HAIR:
1) Wavy
2) Curly
3) Straight
4) Kinky
5) Artificially waved or curled
67
Forehead - is described according to height, width, slope and
peculiarities.
68
The BREATH OF THE EYEBROW may either be: thin, thick,
plucked, or penciled. It may be further described as bushy, heavy,
sparsely haired.
Root - the root of the nose is the cavity which is found at the
top of the nose between the eyes. It is described and to depth and
recession.
Concave - the line of the nose recedes towards the base after
leaving the root and then rises again towards the tip, thus forming
the concave line.
Roman - the line of the nose rises upward from the root and
descends again toward the base forming an obtuse angle in the
upper third of the nose.
69
Undulating- the line of the nose is broken at several places
from the root to the tip, and is a series of concave and convex
curves.
The BASE OF THE NOSE is the point where the line of the
bridge joins the base of the nose. The tip may be: pointed, round,
flat, or bulbous.
The dimensions of the nose are the length, the projection, and
the width of the nose.
70
MOUTH - the description of the mouth is expressed in
reference to its size, shape, and any visible peculiarities of the
teeth.
Size of the mouth. The mouth seen from the front is judged
by its size' it may be noted as large, medium, small. In determining
the size of the mouth, draw an imaginary vertical line through the
center of each eye. If the outside corners of the mouth meet these
lines, the mouth would be described as medium in size.
Length of the upper lip- is the vertical distance from the base
of the nose to the line of the moth (where the lips meet). It is
described either as: long, medium, or short. If the upper lip from
the base of the nose to the line of the mouth is equal to one-third of
the lower third of the normal profile, the upper lip is of medium
length.
Length of the lower lip is the vertical distance from line of the
mouth to the recession of the gum line. If the vertical distance is
equal to one third of the lower third of the normal profile, it is
described as medium in length. Other descriptions are long or
short.
71
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CHIN - the chin is considered in
respect to the general outline of its profile, its size, length, and any
peculiarities which may be present.
74
BASIC MAP READING AND LAND NAVIGATION
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
2. PURPOSE
3. MARGINAL INFORMATION
4. ORIENTATION OF MAP
76
5. TYPES OF MAP
77
7. SCALE
78
8. BASE DIRECTION
79
2) Grid Declination – is the angle formed by the True
North and Grid North. The Grid Declination is East if the Grid North
is East of the True North.
G-M Angle – the angle formed by Magnetic North
and the Grid North is called the GM ANGLE. If the Magnetic North is
East of the Grid North, the GM angle is East. If the Magnetic North
is West of the Grid North , the GM angle is West. This angle is used
frequently in field map reading and its value can be found on the
marginal data of maps. The annual magnetic change affects the
value of the GM Angles by either increasing or decreasing
depending on the measurements of the magnetic north.
3) Declination Diagram – printed on the margin of
military maps. It has three prongs showing the direction of the True
North, Magnetic North and Grid North. The angle between prongs
are usually drawn accurately and can be used for graphic work on
the map. For reasons given below, declination diagram should be
verified by measurement before being use for this purpose. On
some maps when the declination is small, the diagram is
exaggerated.
82
1) Compass and Protractor Method of Resection:
83
12. GRID
84
SIGNAL COMMUNICATION
1. Definition of Terms
2. Means of Communication:
86
3. TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND ITS
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. URC – 773M
b. PRC – 77
c. URC – 601
1) Handheld
2) Press to talk
3) Whip Antenna
4) Transmission Range – 3-4 Kms (LOS)
5) Power Source - 8 pcs BA-30
d. URC – 187
7. PHONETIC ALPHABET
89
8. NUMERICAL PRONUNCIATION:
1. DAY TRAINING
Low Crawl
High Crawl
PRONE TO RUSHING:
DROPPING
92
1) Avoid straining your eyes.
2) Sudden light destroy our sight vision
3) Adapt your seeing at night vision.
d. Concealment at Night
1) Walking at right
h. Security at Night
Types of Cover:
95
CAMOUFLAGING – employs visual trickery to exploit the
weaknesses of the human eyesight and brains. Camouflage comes
from a French word that means “to play a practical joke” - - to fool
our foe, to trick him that you are not there when, in fact, you are so
close to him than you can practically kill him silently.
1. COMPOSITION
96
2. MISSION OF THE INFANTRY RIFLE SQUAD
To close with the enemy by means of fire and maneuver, to
destroy or capture them or repel their assault by fire, close combat
and counter attack.
3. CAPABILITIES OF THE INFANTRY RIFLE SQUAD
Infantry Rifle Squad can:
a. Provide a base of fire and maneuver
b. Close with the enemy to destroy and capture him
c. Repel and assault by fire, close combat and counter
attack
d. Seize and hold terrain
e. Maneuver in all types of local weather and terrain
f. Conduct combat operation under limited visibility
g. Provide light anti-tank protection
h. Participate in air assault operation
i. Participate in amphibious/waterborne operation
j. Operate in conjunction with heavy forces.
4. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF MEMBERS
b. Team Leader
There are two (2) team leaders in the squad. One (1) for
each fire team.
1) Control the movement of their fire teams.
2) Ensure that their soldiers maintain the unit
standards in all areas.
3) The eyes and ears of the team.
4) Provide short range anti-armor capability for the
squad and the platoon.
Armaments: M16 Assault Rifle, LAW
Equipment: Map and compass, NVG, Utility rope.
There are two (2) automatic rifle men in the squad. One
(1) for every team.
1) Responsible in providing sustained automatic fire
for the squad.
2) Secure the left flank area during movements and
halts.
e. Grenadier
98
There are two (2) grenadiers in the squad. One (1) for
each fire team.
1) Provides grenade capability to the squad and the
platoon for maximum firepower.
2) Secure the right flank area of the squad during
movement and halts.
f. Rifle Man
There are two (2) Rifle Man in the Squad. One (1) each
fire team.
1) Responsible for the food supply and medical
requirements of the team.
2) Monitors the health and hygiene of the squad and
provides technical expertise and supervisions of the combat
lifesavers.
3) Erases the tracks left by the team during
operations.
101
12) Column Formation (or File) raises either arm to the
vertical position. Drop the arm to the rear, describing complete
circles in a vertical plane parallel to the body.
102
BASIC UNIT FORMATIONS
The wedge is the basic formation for the fire team. The
interval between soldiers in wedge formation normally is ten (10)
meters. The wedge expands and contracts depending on the
terrain. When rough terrain, poor visibility, or other factors make
control of the wedge difficult, fire team modifies the wedge.
RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN
103
FIGURE 1. Fire Team Wedge
(Squad leader may choose his position depending on the terrain
and enemy position, and or, where he thinks he can best command
his men)
b. Squad Column
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC
GRENADIER RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
SQUAD LEADER
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC
GRENADIER RIFLE MAN
RIFLEMAN
104
FIGURE 2. (Squad Column with Fire team in
Column)
g. Squad Line
AUTOMATIC AUTOMATIC
GRENADIER RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN GRENADIER
105
h. Squad File
TEAM LEADER
GRENADIER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
TEAM LEADER
GRENADIER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
106
2. MOVEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES
Movement technique is the manner a squad traverse a
terrain. The selection of a movement technique is based on the
likelihood of enemy contact and the need for speed. Factors to
consider control, dispersion, speed and security.
CHARACTERISTICS
2. PLATOON MOVEMENTS
3. TYPES OF FORMATION:
1) Easy to control
2) Provide good all around security
3) Make the best used of the movement techniques
1) Easy to control
2) Facilitate speed of movement
3) Provide maximum frontage
4) Flexible in nature
109
SPECIAL OPERATIONS
a. Lead scout
b. Guide
c. Squad leader or Team leader
d. Radio Man
e. Assistant Radioman
f. Contact man
g. Tail scout
a. LEAD SCOUT
b. GUIDE
110
c. SQUAD OR TEAM LEADER
d. RADIOMAN
e. ASSISTANT RADIOMAN
f. CONTACT MAN
111
g. TAIL SCOUT
1) Rear security.
2) Responsible for the subsistence of the squad
3) Responsible of policing the harboring area.
4) He is in charge of counterattacking.
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. Functioning:
1) Magazine fed
2) Gas operated
3) Shoulder weapon
4) Air cooled
5) Semi or automatic fire
b. Features
113
c. GENERAL DATAL:
1) Weights:
2) Lengths:
3) Operational:
d. CYCLE OF OPERATION:
1) Steps in disassembly
115
b) Field Stripping
(1) Disassembly:
116
(2) Assembly:
117
NOTE: Any discrepancy noted from aforementioned
functioning means the assembly was incorrect. Check proper
assembly and note any defective parts.
CHARACTERISTICS:
a. Functioning:
1) Lightweight
2) Air cooled
3) Gas operated
4) Magazine fed
5) Shoulder weapon
b. Features:
119
b) The flash suppressor is designed to reduce
muzzle climb and the amount of dust raised by the muzzle blast.
c) The lug on the rear of the flash suppressor is
used for the attachment of a bayonet, a grenade launcher and a
blank firing attachment for the launching grenade.
d) The spindle valve is used to adjust the
opening of the gas port when the rifle is used for grenade
launching. This prevents gas operation of the rifle during grenade
launching, and prevents damage to the weapon.
e) The hinged shoulder rest provides vertical
control of the butt end of the rifle.
f) It has fixed front sight and adjustable rear
sight.
GENERAL DATA
a. Weights:
M14 with full mag & cleaning equipment - 11.5 lbs
Empty magazine - - - - .5 lbs
Full magazine - - - 1.5 lbs
120
M2 bipod assembly - - - - 1.75lbs
M14 bipod rifle with full magazine - 14.5 lbs
b. Lengths:
Overall length with flash suppressor 44.3 inches
c. Operational
Trigger pull - - - 5.5 lbs
7.5 lbs
Muzzle velocity - - 2,880 ft/sec
Cyclic rate of fire - - 700-750 rounds/min
Range in meters
Maximum- - - - 3,725
Maximum effective (semi w/ bipod) - 700
Max effective (semi w/o bipod) - 460
Max effective (auto w/ bipod - 460
CYCLE OR OPERATION:
121
e. Cocking – returning the firing mechanism to cock
position.
f. Feeding – placing the cartridge in the receiver.
g. Chambering – placing the cartridge in the chamber.
h. Locking – sealing the cartridge in the chamber.
NOTES:
a. Disassembly and assembly of the weapon should be
kept to a minimum consistent with proper care and maintenance.
b. Parts of one rifle maybe interchanged with another
except the bolt.
CAUTION: The bolt shall not be interchanged with other rifles to
preclude accidents.
a. Cleaning materials:
124
b. Lubricants:
5) Clean the bolt with patch and bore cleaner and oil
lightly.
6) Depress the spindle valve after each firing and
rotate in several times. (NOTE: Do not disassemble the spindle
valve).
7) All parts must be cleaned, wiped dry and oil when
necessary.
125
NORMAL MAINTENANCE
a. HISTORY OF GRENADE:
b. PARTS OF GRENADE:
e. SAFETY CONSIDERATION
128
4) Do not pull the safety pin until you are ready to
throw the grenades.
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
130
4) Firing Elbow Placement – the location of the firing
elbow is important in providing balance.
5) Non-firing Elbow – position firmly under the rifle to
elbow for comfortable and stable position.
6) Stock Weld – should provide for a natural line of
sight through the center of the rear sight aperture to the front sight
post and to the target, fire’s neck should be relaxed check fall into
the stock.
a
b. Aiming – refers to the precise alignment of the rifle
sights with the target.
Examples:
132
d. DRY FIRE
e. PEER COACHING
133
Step in Marking a shot Groups;
i. ZEROING
135
RECORDING OF DATA
MSG TEDDY R ZAMORA (OS) PA
01 Jun 02
FS 9 ----10
SN # ----671926
Note: These data are not transferable.
4) Battle Sight Zero – to battle sight zero the rifle, the
soldier must understand sight adjustment procedure. The objective
of the battle sight zero is to find a zero range that allows for target
engagement out to the maximum possible range while requiring
minimum adjustments to the aiming point.
136
rapid fire. 3 to 13 rounds per seconds into the designated area, for
a few seconds may necessary to gain initial superiority.
137
2) Tips to improve Performance in Combat
138
c) Tactical consideration dictate which
technique is effective in any situation and when single shot or
bursts fire is used.
l. EFFECTS OF GRAVITY
m. EFFECT OF WIND
139
1) A 10 Mph full value wind – move an M16A1 (M1930
bullet about –inch at 25 meters to about 46 inch at 475 meters. A
wind of greater speed increases bullet movement by nay
movement.
2) A 15 Mph wind – moves the bullet at all ranges 1-
time more than a 10 Mph wind. Effects of wind are much greater at
larger ranges.
p. MARKSMANSHIP QUALIFICATION
_____________________________ _______________
(Name) (Date)
WRITTEN EXAMINATION
(Combat Training of Individual Soldier)
141
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill-in the blanks with the word or group of words that will make the
sentence complete or as required. After completing the examination, detach the same
from this book and submit to your Platoon Leaders.
Intelligence cycle:
9. Orientation by Compass
10. Orientation by Inspection
142
17. Signal Communication – is a method or means or a combination thereof of
conveying information of any king of one person or place to another except direct
communication.
18. Means of Communication – a medium by which a message is conveyed from
one person to another.
20. Wire – it is used as the principal means of communication in all military units
21. Radio – this means of communication is the most rapid one. It is most
frequently used for maintaining command, control, contact and direction in contact.
25. Radio Net – a group of several stations working together in the same
frequency.
26. Call Sign – a combination of pronounceable words that identifies the facility or
station.
27. Individual Call Sign – this call sign identifies a single call to any station within
the net.
31. Break-break – stop your conversation and allow me to this net to transmit for
an urgent message.
32. CRAWL – is a move close to ground to avoid being seen by the enemy.
33. Dark adaptation – means allowing your eyes to become accustomed to low
level of illumination.
143
35. Sudden light destroy our sight vision
37. COVER – is natural or artificial protection from the fire of the enemy.
40. Halt - Arm raised at shoulder level with open hand, fingers extended and
joined together.
43. Come to me (team leader) - Two fingers held against the opposite arm to
indicate the Sgt’s chevron.
44. Increase Speed, Double Time or Rush – raise the hand to the shoulder, fist
closed; thrust the fist upward to the full extent of the arm and back to the shoulder
rapidly several times.
45. The tactical rifle squad is the basic fighting unit. When employed in the attack,
its mission is to close with and kill or capture the enemy.
46. Squad Leader – he carries out the orders of his platoon leader. His
responsibility includes the discipline, appearance, training, control and welfare of his
men at all times.
47. Fire Team Leader – he gives positive leadership to his team, and maintains
discipline, welfare and combat proficiency
48. The mission of the infantry rifle squad is to close with the enemy by means of
fire and maneuver, to destroy or capture them or repel their assault by fire, close
combat and counter attack.
Infantry rifle squad formation
49. Wedge Formation (Fire Team)
144
53. Traveling - is used when contact with the enemy is not likely an speed is
needed
54. Traveling over watch - is used when contact is possible. Attached weapons
move near the squad leader and his command so he can employ them quickly.
55. Bounding Over watch – is used when enemy contact is expected. It is most
secured, but the slowest movement technique.
56. Platoon Leader -- Is responsible for all the platoon does or fails to do. This
includes the tactical employment, training administration and personnel management
and the logistics of the platoon.
57. Platoon Sergeant -- Assist the platoon leader in the supervision, admin and
training, discipline and most especially in the moral and the welfare of the platoon
58. The U.S. RIFLE 5.56MM M16 is the basic weapon of the Philippine Army.
59. A grenade is a small explosive or chemical bomb for military use against an
enemy at the short ranges. Grenades are of two (2) basic types – hand and launched.
The hand grenade or thrown away, while the launched grenade is fired from a
launcher.
61. Marksmanship – it is a skillful art of shooting and hitting the target at a given
or known distance.
63. Aiming
69. Sight Alignment – The sight is aligned when the top of the front sight is exactly
on the center of the rear sight aperture.
145
70. Aiming Point – is the target where the sights are aligned with.
PUBLIC INFORMATION
a. Definition of Terms:
c. Types of Threat
1) General Threat:
146
a) Politics – caused by person/group of persons
who aspire for power and/or position into the government.
b) Economic – caused by businessmen who
mass large amount of money but do not pay taxes, hoarders, dollar
syndicate, dollar salters, smugglers and big criminals. These
groups tend to drain our national fund and thus results into
economic chaos.
c) Psycho-social – caused by activities that
would undermine the morale of the populace which make them
easy prey to insurgents exploitation. These are:
2) External/Internal Threats
“If you know the enemy and you know yourself, you need not
fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself and not
the enemy, for every victory gained, you will also suffer a defeat. If
you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in
every battle…” Sun Tzu
The CPP developed its party from top (national) to the bottom
(the village). The Central Committee is the top governing body. It is
composed of the chairman with the secretaries of the territorial
commissions, the chairmen of the functional commissions and key
personalities of various organs as members. The Central
Committee seldom meets – at most is twice a year. Next in line is
the Politburo or the political bureau. It is the policy making body in
lieu of the Central Committee. Below the Politburo is the Executive
150
Committee which takes charge of the daily affairs of the party. Next
are the (territorial) Commissions. The CPP has five commissions in
the Philippines: the Central Luzon. Southern Luzon, Northern
Luzon, Visayas and the Mindanao Commissions. Next is the
Regional Party Committee (RPC). A Commission is composed of
six to seven RPCs. The RPC is equivalent to the regional office of
the government. Every RPC has five or more Front Party Committee
(FPC) or Provincial Party Committee (PPC), the equivalent of the
provincial government. Then, for every three municipalities of the
province is the District Party Committee (DPC). For every three
clustered villages is the Section Party Committee (SPC), and finally,
for each influenced village is the Village (Barangay) Revolutionary
Committee (VRC). The CPP line units are responsible for all the
party, army and united front activities in their respective areas of
responsibility.
The Army of the CPP is the New Peoples Army (NPA). Its
highest governing body is the Red Area Commission (RAC). The
CPP Military Commission oversees and provides ideological-
political guidance to the NPA. The highest combat unit of the NPA
is the Main Guerilla Unit (MRGU) which is the armed component of
the RPC. Below the MRGU is the Front Guerilla Unit (FGU), the
armed component of the FPC or PPC. Next is the District Guerilla
Unit (DGU), the army of the DPC. Then the Sandatahang Yunit
Pangpropaganda (Armed Propaganda Unit) or SYP, the armed
151
propaganda of the SPC and finally, the Militia of the VRC. The
MRGU, FGU and DGU are the combatants while the SYP merely
conduct the propaganda work and the Militia serves as the village
police force, to impose party policies in the village. Hypothetically,
the CPP is the body; the NPA is the right hand, the arm that holds
the weapon. While the army under the leadership of the party
committee uses psychological approaches in its political and
organizational tasks, the people are naturally cowed into
submission because of the presence of arms. The revolutionary
term used is “armed propaganda”. The NPA, however, knowing
fully well that it has to totally win the sympathy and support of the
people, it continuously engaged in ideological, political and
organizational work.
HUMAN RIGHTS
156
Kalantiaw where rights and obligations, duties and privileges of
social groups are defined.
Example:
ARTICLE 16
a. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to
race, nationality or religion have the right to marry and to find a
family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage and its
dissolution.
158
b. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full
consent of the intending spouses.
c. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of
society and is entitled to protection by society and the state.
ARTICLE 17
a. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as
in association with others.
b. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
ARTICLE 18 – everyone has the right to freedom of thought,
conscience and religion, this right includes freedom to hold
opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart
information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontier.
ARTICLE 19
a. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly
and association.
b. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
ARTICLE 20
a. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of
his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
b. Everyone has the right of access to public service in his
country.
c. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority
of government, this will be expressed in periodic and genuine
selections which shall be by universal and equal surface shall be
held by secret vote or by equivalent voting procedures.
ARTICLE 21 – everyone, as a member of society has the right
to social security and is entitled to realization, through national
effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the
organization and resources of each state, of the economic, social
and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and in the free
development of his personality.
ARTICLE 22
a. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of
employment, to just pay, favorable conditions of work and to
protection against unemployment.
b. Everyone without any discrimination has the right to
equal pay for equal work.
159
c. Everyone who works has the right to just and favorable
remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence
worthy of human dignity and supplemented, if necessary by other
means of social protection.
ARTICLE 23 – everyone has the right to form, to join trade
unions for the protection of his interest.
ARTICLE 24 – everyone has the right to rest and leisure,
including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic
holidays with pay.
ARTICLE 25
a. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate
for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including
good, clothing, housing and social care and necessary social
services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowed, old age or other lack of livelihood
circumstances beyond his control.
b. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special
assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock shall
enjoy the same social protection.
ARTICLE 26
a. Everyone has the right to education.
b. Education shall be directed to the full development of
the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for
human rights and fundamental freedoms.
c. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of
education that shall be given to their children.
ARTICLE 27
a. Everyone has the right to participate in the cultural life
of the community, to enjoy the acts, to share scientific
advancements and its benefits.
b. Everyone has the right to protection of the moral and
paternal interests resulting from any scientific literacy or artistic
production of which he is the author.
ARTICLE 28 – Everyone is entitled to a social and
international order in which the rights freedom set forth in this
declaration can be fully realized.
_____________________________ _______________
(Name) (Date)
WRITTEN EXAMINATION
160
(Public Information)
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill-in the blanks with the word or group of words that will make the
sentence complete or as required. After completing the examination, detach the same
from this book and submit to your Platoon Leaders.
4. External Threat – it is posed primarily by conflict from other countries that may
affect certain country politically, economically, socially and even militarily.
5. Internal Threat – posed primarily by the different groups from within who
oppose our present system.
7. The military arm of the CPP is the New People’s Army was organized by
Bernabe Buscayno,
10. Political Warlords are politicians who maintained their private armies to secure
their vested interest. They show defiance to an existing system of the government
11. The Central Committee is the top governing body of the CPP.
13. The highest combat unit of the NPA is the Main Guerilla Unit.
14. The Militia serves as the village police force, to impose party policies in the
village
161
15. The CPP united front is the National Democratic Front (NDF). Its highest
governing body is the White Area Commission (WAC).
CIVIL AFFAIRS
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
1. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Since the DND and the AFP possess the capability to react to
natural calamities with the DND’s unique nature of organization and
network of troops and asset disposition, an inter-agency plan
headed by the DND was organized specifically to put into
164
realization an action oriented Civil Defense Plan with the creation of
the NDCC.
_____________________________ _______________
(Name) (Date)
WRITTEN EXAMINATION
(Civil Affairs)
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill-in the blanks with the word or group of words that will make the
sentence complete or as required. After completing the examination, detach the same
from this book and submit to your Platoon Leaders.
166
1. DISASTER/CALAMITY – refers to a situation that is associated with
catastrophic events where a number of persons are plunged with hardship and
suffering that are caused by problems like shortage of food, clothing, medical care
and other basic necessities
2. RELIEF – refers to anything that is done to alleviate the condition of those who
are suffering from the effects of a disaster/calamity and who at that particular time are
completely helpless.
MANDATORY READINGS
167
An interior guard system is installed by commander of all military
installations to preserve, protect property, and enforce military regulations.
Security is part of the composition of the interior guard system. Separate units
are responsible for posting interior in their areas.
d. Guard Orders
169
2) General Order Nr 2 -To walk my post in a military manner,
keeping always on the alert and observing everything that takes place within
sight or hearing.
3) General Order Nr 3 – To report all violation of orders I am
instructed to enforce.
4) General Order Nr 4 – To repeat all calls from posts more
distant from the guardhouse than my own.
5) General Order Nr 5 – To quit my post only when properly
relieved.
6) General Order Nr 6 – To received, obey, and pass on the
sentinel who relieves me all orders from the commanding officer, office of the
day, and officer and non-commissioned officers of the guard only.
7) General Order Nr 7 – To talk to one except in the line of
duty.
8) General Order Nr 8 – To give the alarm in case of fire or
disorder.
9) General Order Nr 9 – To call the commander of the guard in
any case not covered by instructions.
10) General Order Nr 10 – To salute all officers, and all colors
and standards not cased.
11) General Order Nr 11 – To be especially watchful at night,
and during the time for challenging, to challenge all personal on or near my
post, and to allow no one to pass without proper authority.
The role that the terrorists group perceives itself is playing also
determines its choice of tactics and selection of targets. Terrorism can be an
element of an insurgency or revolutionary effort when employed with other
military and political activities designed to gain autonomy or to supplant the
existing political system. Terrorism can be mere gesture used in isolation from
any meaningful political effort. In this context, terrorists frequently claim
affiliation with some vague cause or obscure political philosophy to give their
actions a veil of responsibility.
d. TERRORIST OBJECTIVES:
174
In this section, the government policy toward terrorism and the
responsibilities of appropriate agencies within the national government shall
be discussed. It includes a brief review of the AFP programs to combat
terrorism.
175
b) The International Community – views the government
policy as statement of national resolve and commitment. It evaluates the
policy for consistency, with agreements, treaty, commitments, and adherence
to national and international law. To the extent the policy achieve this, the
government legitimacy grows while that of the terrorist diminishes. However, a
strong national policy against terrorism is meaningless without the resolve
and the means to implement it.
c) The Terrorist – are the third audience for national
policy. In general, terrorism is – at his time – a low risk operation. Bombings,
hijacking and assassinations offer terrorist groups a high probability of
success and low risk of capture or death. However, a strong consistent
national program effectively executed; can increase the terrorist risk. It can
also separate the terrorists from the populace, thereby denying their
sanctuary, recruits, funds and support. The terrorist evaluates the government
program by comparing its public statements with effectiveness of its policy.
d) Organization – a government cannot easily organize
and support a new system whose sole mission is combating terrorism, due to
the expense and degree of sophistication required, therefore, it usually
employs existing organizations.
e) Terrorist attack – a broad range of target which fall
into many different civil and military jurisdictions. Thus, no single element of
government can fully cope with all aspects of a nation’s terrorist problem. To
be successful, it is necessary for a government to orchestrate the activities of
the many agencies involved. National leaders must actively participate in this
orchestration.
3. BASIC SURVIVAL
178
a. The following are situations that causes survival:
1) Air crashes
2) Crash landing
3) Ship wreck
4) Lost patrol
5) Unit cut-off main body
You may give yourself away because you are top acting in a
certain way. Do things naturally.
5) Improvise
Accept the true customs of the native. When you are in the
situation, accept and adopt native behavior.
1) Generally:
181
2) Water – will be a primary requirement. Start looking for it
immediately. An individual can get along without food for a week, but he can’t
live along without water, especially in hot or in arctic areas where he will lose
large quantities of water thru sweating or dehydration.
Purification – purify all water before drinking, either (1) by
boiling for at least one minute; (2) by using water purification tablets; (3) by
adding eight drops of 2 ½ percent solution of iodine to a quart (canteen full) of
water and letting it stand for ten minutes before drinking.
Rainwater collected directly in the clean containers or in
plants is generally safe to drink without purifying. Don’t drink urine or sea
water – the salt content is to high.
183
that could remove the root cause of insurgency and catalyze socio-economic
development of our country.
a. CMO OBJECTIVES;
1) BROAD OBJECTIVES:
2) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
a. CMO COMPONENTS:
184
a) Definition – the dynamic of process of learning
internalizing, upholding and practicing universal truth, moral principles and
time honored intrinsic military values and ethics essential to the pursuit of
AFP goals objectives.
b) Objectives:
b) Objectives
b) Objectives:
b) Objectives:
186
a) Definition – it is a myriad of activities undertaken by
the military addressed principally to the enemy (CPP/NPA/NDF; MNLF; and
URG) directly or through key communicators, designed to breaks his will to
fight and persuade him to abandon the resident struggle and return to the
folds of the law. actions and appeals in this program are generally persuasive
in character with the BALIK-BARIL projects as backbone.
b) Objectives
b) Objectives:
187
ANNEX - RA 9163
Weekly Congress
Begun and held in Metro Manila on Monday, the twenty-third day of July,
two thousand one.
188
Recognizing the youth’s vital role in nation-building, the State shall
promote civic consciousness among the youth and shall develop their
physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It shall inculcate
in the youth patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in public
and civic affairs.
In pursuit of these goals, the youth, the most valuable resource of the
nation, shall be motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in military
training, literacy, civic welfare and other similar endeavors in the service of the
nation.
Section 3. Definition of Terms – It is hereby affirmed the prime duty of
the government to serve and protect its citizens. In turn, it shall be the
The ROTC under the NSTP shall instill patriotism, moral virtues, respect
for rights of civilian, and adherence to the Constitution, among others.
189
Citizenship training shall be given emphasis in all three (3) program
components.
190
The school authorities concerned, CHED and TESDA shall ensure that
group insurance for health and accident shall be provided for students
enrolled in any of the NSTP components.
These three (3) agencies shall consult with other concerned government
agencies, the PASUC and COCOPEA, NGOs and recognized student
organizations in drafting the implementing rules.
The implementing rules shall include the guidelines for the adoption of
the appropriate curriculum for each of the NSTP components as well as for the
accreditation of the same.
Section. 13. Transitory Provisions - Students who have yet to complete
the Basic ROTC, except those falling under Section 14 of this Act, may either
continue in the program component they are currently enrolled or shift to any
of the other program components of their choice: Provided, That in case he
shift to another program component, the Basic ROTC courses he has
completed shall be counted for the purpose of completing the NSTP
requirement: Provided, further, That once he has shifted to another program
component he shall complete the NSTP in that component.
191
Section. 14. Suspension of ROTC Requirement – The completion of
ROTC training as a requisite for graduation is hereby set aside for those
students who despite completing all their academic units as of the effectivity
of this Act have not been allowed to graduate.
Section. 15. Separability Clause – If any section or provision of this Act
shall be declared unconstitutional or invalid, the other sections or provisions
not affected thereby shall remain in full force and effect.
Section. 16 Amendatory Clause – Section 35 of Commonwealth Act No.
1, executive Order No. 207 of 199, Sections 2 and 3 of Presidential Decree No.
1706 and Section 38 and 39 of republic Act no. 7077, as well as all laws,
decrees, orders, rules and regulations and other issuance inconsistent with
the provisions of this Act are hereby deemed amended and modified
accordingly.
Section. 17. Effectivity – this Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after
its publication in two (2) newspapers of national circulation, but the
implementation of this Act shall commence in the school year of 2002-2003.
Approved,
GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
President
ANNEX - MS 1 POI
PURPOSE:
192
To teach students the values of citizenship, leadership, service to the
community, personal responsibility and a sense of accomplishment while
instilling in them self-esteem, teamwork, and self-discipline. It prepares
students for responsible leadership roles while making them aware of their
rights, responsibilities, and privileges as Filipino citizens. It provides
instruction and rewarding opportunities that will benefit the student,
community, and nation.
OBJECTIVES:
NR OF PERIODS
Lecture
(L) &
SUBJECT SCOPE OF INSTRUCTION
Practical References
Exercises
(PE)
1. PHYSICAL Organizing the cadets by squad / 2
ORGANIZATION platoon / company and its equivalent of
OF THE CADET the Cadet Corps. Course orientation (1L, 1PE)
CORPS and (General Provisions, attendance,
COURSE Grading System, Merits System,
ORIENTATION Conditions of the Service).
2. MILITARY 12
ORIENTATION
a. Legal Basis Specific Provisions of the Fundamental 1L RA 7077, RA
for ROTC Program law and pertinent Republic Act 9163 & Phil
Constitution
193
b. Military a. Organizations & Functions of the a. Special
Organization AFP; Major services; area unified Text
commands; major combat service and
combat service support organization; b. AFP Field
The TOE of a Div, Bde and other units; Manual
PA, PAF and PN mission,
1L
b. The Chain of Command (Commander
in Chief, DND & AFP, Brief History of the
AFP, Mission, Organization and
capabilities of the AFP, Major Service
Commands, Major Service RESCOMs
and AFPRESCOM.
c. Philippine a. Filipino Freedom Fighters (Guerillas) 1L; 4 hrs History of
Military History during pre-Spanish period influences of PA camp the
the Spaniards. Americans and Japanese tour Philippine,
on our society and the society of the by Agoncillo
future.
b. The capsulated history of the AFP,
Participation in the conflicts from WW II, PA
to Korea, Vietnam, MNLF campaign, Centennial
reconciling martial traditions with the Book 1997
new code of the Filipino soldier. Issue
c. Role of ROTC in previous wars
d. AFP Core a. Basic in Code of Ethics, 5 AFP Core 1L, 1 hr Spl Text
Values Values film
b. Military Culture, Customs and showing
tradition, core philosophy and its impact
on our service to our Country and the
Filipino People.
c. Basic in Soldiering
d. Reconciling the Army traditions with
the new code of the Filipino Soldier.
e. Military a. Definition of terms, Who, What, When, 1L Soldiers
Courtesy and Where, Why and How to Salute. Handbook
Discipline b. Conduct and behavior of a soldier
(while in combat operations; while
dealing with the civilian; and towards
their superiors and counterparts)
c. Services and Courtesies.
d. Identification of Rank Insignias in the
AFP.
e. Military traditions of the Filipino
soldier.
f. Soldiers attitudes going to the basics.
f. Military Military Justice System, Sources of 1L Soldiers
Justice military law, military jurisdiction, Handbook
194
selected punitive Articles of War, and
relationship between civil-military
courts
g. Military Definition of terms; Factors of
Leadership Leadership; Qualities of leader, Basic
1L
Leadership Styles; 3 Over-all types of
leadership;
3. COMBAT 18
TRAINING OF
INDIVIDUAL
SOLDIER (CTIS)
a. Basic Definition of terms, Basic report writing, 1L, 2PE Size, activity,
Intelligence SALUTE should be complemented with location,
the more common and practical 5Ws unit, time
and 1H format, letter drops, portrait and
parle,. equipment
(SALUTE)
b. Basic Map Map orientation; Types of maps
Reading and Land according to scale; azimuths and
Navigation direction using a compass & protractor;
Measuring distance on a map; locating 2L, 2PE
points on the map and means of
locating one's position on the map and
on the ground.
c. Basic Signal Introduction to signal communication,
Communication five (5) means of communication,
familiarization of different radio
1L, 1PE
equipment, its capabilities and
limitations. Military prowords, flashing
lights, hand and arm signal
d. Individual Day and night movement, cover and
Movement concealment, camouflaging, Organizing
Technique the squad / platoon into their individual 1L, 2PE
role as a Rifleman, Hand and arm signal
and flashing light.
e. Basic Unit Different types of combat formation
1L, 1PE
Formations (Team, Squad, Platoon, Company)
f. Basic Nomenclature, general data,
Weapons Training characteristics, cycle of operation
(M16 5.56mm, assembly and disassembly, care and
1L, 1PE
M14, Grenade & maintenance, History of Grenade, Parts
Garand) of Grenade, capability and limitation,
Procedure of throwing hand grenade
g. Pre Fundamental of firing, types of firing 1L, 1PE
Marksmanship positions (prone, sitting, kneeling,
Training standing to prone and standing to
195
sitting). Correct sight picture,
Triangulation and coach and pupil
techniques
4. Public 6
Information
a. Threat to a. CCP History, strategy and recruitment 2L, 2 hrs a. Special
National Security methods and propaganda. film Text
(“Knowing the b. Three Basic propaganda, talks of Mao showing b. Anatomy
Enemy” of the Tse Tung, (MLMTT). of
State) c. Concept of communism and its Communist
varieties as applied to Philippine Insurgency.
setting; the three weapon system.
d. The four functional commissions and
territorial including their corresponding
arms.
e. LCM: Characteristics and
organization of the NPA Guerilla Zones
and base areas principles of NPA
operations; armed city partisans and
sparrows.
f. NDF, United front building; the
sectoral organizations.
g. How the communist launch their
campaign and propaganda techniques
they used based on persuasion and
intimidation, distortion and
exaggeration.
h. The capability of the threats and their
vulnerabilities, their organization and
mobilization efforts.
i. MNLF/MILF (SPSG).
j. Insurgency and Terrorism, Political,
Economic Social perspective of the
threats to national security.
b. Peace a. Provisions, Concepts, Mechanics of 2L Executive
Process Peace Process Order Nr
b. Policies and guidelines on POC from 103
National down to municipal level - POC
c. Processes and implementation of Program
POC Info
d. Processes undertaken by the GRP Materials
and the OPAPP (Office of the - OPPAP
Presidential Adviser on Peace Process) Brochure
e. The mission, functions and
196
responsibilities of OPAPP
f. Human Rights Advocacy program of
the AFP
g. Provisions of the Comprehensive
Agreement on Respect for Human
Rights and International Law
(CARHRIHL) entered into by the
government and the CPP-NPA-NDF
negotiating panels.)
5. Civil Affairs 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY
HPA Letter Directive dated 12 June 2007. Subject: Revitalizing the Reserve
Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) Program.
Republic Act 9163 otherwise known as the National Service Training Program
(NSTP) Act of 2001
200