CONFIDENTIAL® SAANMALAY AYSIAMAU ISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA PACA A SAMA SPEPLRIKSAANMALAYSIA RIKGAANMALA\ “PEPLRIKSAANMALA H ts WMALAYS) ISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA ANNALA PEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA PEERICSAANMALAYSIA TAMA TPF DELICE AANA ANY cs MAJUSP MALAYSIAMAJLISPE PE RIKSAANMAL Ay MAYS Hae ve ee crn NOLS RONSINMAILIGEE Dek MUET 201987 % MAULISPEPERIKGAANMALAYSIAMAILISPEDERINSAANKY WMALAYSIA MAJLISPEDY IKGAANMIALAYSAVALILSPL PERK ANKE AWMALAYSIA HA cr in Amn aia et ette SESSION 2st PEPER He SIAN UN IVERSITY ENGLISH TEST 1/2 URE ECM ra eA “A “Ayes i. AMAILISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSI MAJUSPEPERIKSAANMAL AYSIAN. PAPER ; RE ‘ADING AMAJLISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAILISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIAMA JAMAILISPEPERIKSAANMALAYSIA MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA (MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL) Instructions to candidates: DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UN’ |. YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. There are forty-five questions in this test, Indicate the correct answer on the Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. Answer all the questions, ‘This question paper consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages. ‘© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2019 MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 8003 (Turn over *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over, CONFIDENTIAL*Diabetes is a serious life-long health condition that oceurs when the amount of : ‘glucose (sugar) in the blood is too high because the body cannot use it properly. If eft untreated, high blood glucose levels can cause serious health complications. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness and kidney failure, Diabetes also increases the tisk of heart attacks and stroke by up to four times, Fresh fruits have well-known health benefits, But some experts, and some people ‘with diabetes, question whether its high sugar content could pose risks. A study, in a ‘medical journal, tracked diet and health in $12 891 Chinese men and women in the age range of 30 to 79 for an average of 7 years. Factors such as smoking, alcohol intake and blood pressure were controlled, 10 Among those without diabetes at the start, eating fresh fruits daily was associated with a 12% lower risk of developing the disease compared with those who ate hone. The more frequently they ate fruits, the lower their risk. In people who were already diabetic, those who ate fruits 3 times a week had a lower risk for diabetic complications like heart and kidney disease, than those who 15 did not eat frui ‘The study was observational and the reason for the effect remains unclear. But the lead author, Dr, Huaidong Du, a research fellow at the University of Oxford, said “the sugar in fruits is not the same as the sugar in manufactured foods and may be metabolised differently. And there are other nutrients in fruits that may benefit in 20 other ways.” Some fruits have a higher sugar content than others and people with diabetes should avoid sweet fruits. ‘Table 1: Sugar Content of Different Kinds of Fruits Fruit Sugar per 100g Fruit Sugar per 100g Dates: 63.35 Pears 9.80 Figs 18.71 Oranges 9.35 Grapes 15.48 Aprivot 9.24 Cherries 12.82 Kiwis 8.99 Bananas 12.43 Sour cherries 8.79 Mandarin: 10.58 Peaches 8.39 Apples 10.39 Melons 7.86 Plums 9.92 Watermelons 6.20 Pineapples 9.85 Strawberries 4.66 (Adapted from The Herald-Tribune, 2017) MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. CONFIDENTIAL*CONFIDENTIAL® 3 1 Diabetics who have kidney failure are prone to heart attacks A True B False © Not stated 2. Itis harmful for diabetics to take fresh fruits, A True x B False € Notstated 3 Participants in the study are similar in their smoking, alcohol intake and blood pressure patterns A True B False © Not stated 4 The study shows that eating fresh fruits is effective in reducing complications associated with diabetes, A True B False © Notstated 5 Eating fresh fruits with high glucose content increases the chance of diabetes, A True B_ False « 8 Notstated 6 Diabetics who eat fresh fruits are less likely to suffer from heart and kidney diseases, AL True B False € Not stated 7 Oranges have twice the amount of sugar compared to figs. A True B False © Notstated MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 [Turn over *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. CONFIDENTIAL®CONFIDENTIAL® 4 Questions 8 10 14 are based on the following passage. General Population Pattern In today’s world, there are 57 million more men than women. This surplus of men is Concentrated in the youngest age groups and steadily diminishes until it disappears At about age SO, thereafter becoming a surplus of women owing to their longer life expectancy. A surplus of men characterises the world’s most populous countries ~ China and India ~ hence the large surplus of men worldwide, In most other countries, there are more women than men. The surplus of women in older age ‘groups is significant and js increasing, with obvious implications for health care and other social needs. Health Inall regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors can affect the natural advantage of women compared to men. For example, ‘in developing countries where pregnancy and childbirth can be life-threatening, ‘women’s exposure to risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth tend to equalise life expectancies between the sexes whereas in developed countries, the adoption of unhealthy behaviours by women, such as smoking and drinking, can also equalise life expectaney. Education There is progress ~ albeit slow and uneven — in the literacy status of adult women and men around the world, However, reflecting on the persistent disadvantages they face, women account for two-thirds of the world’s 774 million illiterates — a proportion that is unchanged over the past two decades. Gender disparities in adult literacy rates remain wide in most regions of the world. However, there is reason to look towards future decades with optimism as improvement in access to education eventually raises literacy levels. In almost all countries, literacy rates for the young are higher than those for adults. The vast majority of young people in the world are literate and improvements in youth literacy rates have been accompanied by declining gender disparities. Primary enrolment of girls and boys is increasing across the world. Outstanding gains have been registered in several less developed regions in the world, particularly Africa and South-Central Asia, Yet several countries in these regions are still far from attaining universal primary education. Measurable progress has been made towards greater gender parity in primary enrolment, with gender gaps diminishing in most regions of the world. Positive giobal trends in primary enrolment, however, obscure uneven progress and some slippage or stagnation. While the overall progress in primary education in the past decade is encouraging, major barriers stand in the way of progress: 72 million children — 54% of them girls — are out of school. The evidence indicates that much remains to be done to keep the world on track to meet the goal of universal primary education. MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. CONFIDENTIAL*CONFIDENTIAL® 5 2 8 ‘Compared to two decades ago, there is increased participation in secondary 40 ‘education, However, progress in secondary enrolment lags behind that in primary education, Compared to participation at the primary level, a significantly tower proportion of the official secondary-school age population attends school. In addition, gender disparities in secondary entolment are wider and occur in more ‘countries than at the primary level, Due to the unprecedented expansion of the 45 (ertiary student population over the past two decades, one of the most noticeable improvements in women’s enrolment is registered at the tertiary level. Men’s dominance in tertiary edueation has been reversed globally and gender disparities currently favour women, except in sub-Saharan Africa, Southern and Western Asia. ‘The distribution of tertiary enrolment across various fields of study brings 50 to light the gender inequalities in participation, with women predominant in the fields of education, social sciences, humanities and art, while they remain severely under-represented in the fields of science and engineering, (Adapted from The Womens World 2010, United Nations 2010) 8 There are more males under the age of 50 than females. A, Tre B False © Not stated 9 Women in the older age groups fice more health problems than their male counterparts. A True B False > Not stated 10. Smoking and drinking shorten the lifespan of women in developing countries. Ae TH B False © Not stated 1 Which of the following is true of paragraph 32 I Literary rates are higher among the young compared to those of the adults in most countries. Il The wide gender gap in adult literacy is not expected to narrow in the future, « IIL In the last 20 years, two thirds of adult illiterates worldwide are women. A. Land IX B. Land Il © Wand tt MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 {Turn over **This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the testis over. CONFIDENTIAL*‘there ate more female than male students 8 there is unequal gender representation in the various fields of study | enrolment pater of male and female student is expected tobe reversed ee segues soem a S toveats B signifies — © highlightsCONFIDENTIAL* 7 Questions 15 10 21 are based on the following passage. MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 80/3 *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. A few years ago, Anders Pape Moller from the University of Paris-Sud walked through the small suburban town of Orsay, France, counting all the birds he saw or heard. He walked through built-up urban areas, and through forest and farmland. He found that Orsay’s birds were congregating largely in the urban zones. He found 71% of them within a hundred metres of the nearest house. When he repeated the census ina similar town in Denmark, he found the same thing, 87% of the local birds were sticking close to humans. That might be surprising to some. It is common to think of ourselves as separate from nature. Our world of concrete, glass, brick, sel, buildings, and roads seems distinet from that of mud, trees, and grass — and it is surely the latter that attracts wildlife. And yet, cities have existed for tens of thousands of years, and they are thriving natural ecosystems It is not just pigeons, raccoons, rats, and sparrows, either, We are talking boars in Berlin and baboons in Cape Town, peregrine falcons in London, and a new species of frog hiding in New York. The study of such wildlife ~ urban ecology — is a huge ‘and growing field because cities are not separate from nature; they are part of nature: ‘The upcoming sequel to the landmark series Planet Earth, which examined each of the planet's major habitats, will include an episode on cities as well as the usual ‘mountains, deserts and grasslands But urban living has its disadvantages, especially for birds. The din of traffic, industry, and crowds can drown out the calls and songs, forcing vocal birds species to change their tune, shout louder, or simply move to the country. So what persuades some species to stay? What do they get out of proximity with humans? Moller had an idea: Perhaps we inadvertently protect birds from parasites. Many bird species are targeted by cuckoos and other brood parasites ~ birds that fob their young off onto other species. A cuckoo chick is bad news: It means extra responsibility for the surrogate parents, and it also kills their actual young by jettisoning them from the nest. But cuckoos, it seems, rarely set up shop near human settlements. They have plenty of potential hosts, including swallows, wagtals, and starlings, but for some reason, they tend to keep away. Moller found this pattern by looking at a large European database, with more than 35 000 cases of cuckoo parasitism. And his colleague Wei Lang from Hainan Normal University found the same pattem by studying Oriental reed warblers in China ‘The team also found evidence for it during their French and Danish walks. ‘They saw that the average bird perches around 67 metres from the nearest human house, put the average cuckoo stays around 204 metres away. The cuckoos are more skittish, too, Most songbirds will let humans get within 7 metres of them before flying off, but for cuckoos, this “flight initiation distance” is 30 metres, ‘So towns and cities might be refuges from parasites. They are places where a bird can raise its young secure in the knowledge that its young is actually its young. 30 [Turn over CONFIDENTIAL*CONFIDENTIAL* 8 9 ‘There are probably other benefits, too. Cities provide rich sources of food, and often safety from predators that are deterred by humans or our domestic pets. Moller found some evidence for this, 00. In 2012, he showed that, like cuckoos, hawks and ‘other predatory birds are also skittish around humans. On average, they take off if 45 people get within 54 metres, which is 8 times farther than their songbird prey allows. ‘This means that humans create safe zones around ourselves that small birds will tolerate and their predators will not 10 Far from creating worlds that are inhospitable to wild things, in this case we have actually produced refuges for many. 50 (Adapted from National Geographic, 2016) 15 In paragraph 1, the writer introduces readers to A ascientific study “B_ abird watcher’s hobby birds in France and Denmark + 16 “That might be surprising to some.” (Line 8). That refers to “AY birds congregating in the cities B the census conducted in Denmark C cities are thriving natural ecosystems 17 Which of the following contains the main idea of paragraph 3? A “Itis not just pigeons, raccoons, rats, and sparrows, either.” (Line 13) ™B_ “The study of such wildlife ~ urban ecology is a huge and growing field because cities are not separate from nature; they are part of nature.” (Lines 15 and 16) € “The upcoming sequel to the landmark series Planet Earth, which examined each of the planet’s major habitats, will include an episode on cities as well as the usual mountains, deserts and grasslands.” (Lines 17 to 19) 18 The word jettisoning (line 28) means A. chasing B_ throwing © abandoning 19 Why do cuckoos avoid human settlements? -A> They cannot find enough food. B They are suspicious of humans. © There are not enough hosts for their babies. MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 | *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. CONFIDENTIAL*mae a ae CONFIDENTIAL* 10 Questions 22.10 29 are based on the following passage. 1 “It’s not enough to have a dream’, reads a banner over the whiteboard in Nancy Sarmiento’s classroom in Baltimore, America. Most of her 12-year-old pupils qualify for a free or cheap lunch. About 70% of the school’s new arrivals last September had reading and mathematical skills below the minimum expected for their grade. The American government calls such schools “disadvantaged”. Whatever the label, most countries have schools where most children are from poor families, expectations are Jow, and teachers are hard to recruit, And in most, the falling prestige of the teaching profession makes matters worse. 2 But Miss Sarmiento, who graduated from a four-year biology degree course a year early, had to see off fierce competition to win her teaching spot. Teach for America (TFA), the scheme that placed her, accepts just | in 6 applicants. It looks for an outstanding academic record and evidence of traits that distinguish the best teachers in tough schools, including leadership, resilience and motivation to help the poor. Recruits get 5 weeks” training and pledge to work for 2 years in a disadvantaged sehool, 3 When TfA’s founder, Wendy Kopp, came up with the idea while an undergraduate, her advisor told her she was “crazy”. She proved him wrong. After 2 decades of growth, the number of applicants is falling slightly as the graduate jobs market strengthens. But itis still popular: With 5 weeks remaining until this year's deadline, it has received 36 000 applicants ~ twice as many as a decade ago. And thanks to its 25-year history and 40 000 alumni, Americans are no longer surprised that bright, ambitious graduates want the most demanding teaching post. 4» Now schemes modelled on TfA are spreading around the world. A quarter of European and Latin American countries, as well as Australia, China and India, have something similar, Many of the schemes are new, with just 2 or 3 cohorts placed in schools, Teach for Haiti, launched in January, became the 35". Go-getting youngsters are attracted by the lack of a requirement for a teaching qualification, the chan to make a difference. Many applicants have degrees in mathematics and science, subjects where teachers are scarce. Typically just | in 10 is accepted. 5 _ Results seem positive, though so far there have been few rigorous evaluations. Pupils of TEA recruits do just as well in reading as those of other teachers; in mathematics, their test scores are better. Britain’s Teach First has been credited with helping to improve standards in London. It now provides nearly a quarter of new teachers in the ‘country’s most difficult schools. Critics, including teachers’ unions, worry that a few weeks of training is too little for a novice teacher, no matter how intensive it is. But Teach First’s training has been rated “outstanding” in all 44 categories reviewed by Britain’s schools inspectorate. Like its counterparts elsewhere, Teach First provides the graduates it places in schools with support. 6 That help is essential. New teachers, whatever their route into the cla struggle most in their first 2 years, even in the easiest schools. Some countries add weekend gatherings and seminars for participants to swap and discuss ideas. Recruits may even be “overloaded with support”, says Dzameer Dzulkifli, who runs Teach for Malaysia, which could be a waste of more than their time, since such support is expensive in the rural area, MUET SESSION 2 2019 - 800/3 *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the test is over. CONFIDEN 10 20 30 40 TAL*