Геодезія

ГЕОДЕЗІЯ
UDK 528.481

A. N. MARCHENKO, B. B. DZHUMAN
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Institute of Geodesy, Karpinsky St. 6, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013, e-mail:
teojuman@gmail.com

REGIONAL QUASIGEOID DETERMINATION:

AN APPLICATION TO ARCTIC GRAVITY PROJECT
Purpose. Investigation to study quasigeoid computations based on the regional gravimetric data and
different types of nonorthogonal basis functions was assessed to be important. When measurements from only
restricted regions of the Earth surface are available, global spherical harmonics loose their orthogonality in a
limited region, so the determination of the coefficients of the model, usually by using the least squares method,
is numerically unstable. In spite of this fact, there is a specific solution for Laplace equation for the situation of a
spherical cap when the boundary conditions are appropriate. Methods. Our solution uses the gravity anomalies
in the Arctic area taken from the Arctic Gravity Project (AGP). The method applied on this data set is adjusted
spherical harmonic analysis (ASHA). Computation of the quasigeoid heights was performed by the “Remove -
Restore” procedure in three steps. On the first step the free air gravity anomalies of the EGM 2008 model up to
degree/order 360 were substracted from the initial gravity anomalies of the AGP to get rid of the low frequency
gravity field content. On the second step the approximation of the residual gravity anomalies was based on the
ASHA method. The construction of the normal equations matrix may lead to the time consuming procedure. For
this reason the discrete orthogonality property in longitude for the chosen basis system was taken into account
and led to the significant decrease of the computational time of the residual coefficients akm , bkm . On the last step
the residual quasigeoid heights (high frequency components of the gravity field) were computed via the residual
harmonic coefficients akm , bkm and added to the global contribution of quasigeoid heights taken from the
EGM2008 model up to degree/order 360 (low frequency components of the gravity field). Results. Hence the
gravity field model was constructed and compared with AGP gravity anomalies. Also the obtained model of
quasigeoid heights was compared with quasigeoid heights from 49 GNSS/leveling points. Scientific novelty
and practical significance. In this paper the modification of ASHA method was developed, which makes it
possible to significantly accelerate the process of computing the unknown coefficients in the construction of
local gravitational fields. This allows to compute local gravitational fields of higher orders. It is well known that
quasigeoid accuracy depends on the order of model.
Keywords: gravity anomalies, quasigeoid heights, adjusted spherical harmonic analysis, spherical cap
harmonic analysis.

Introduction tial and implemented using radial potential multipoles

The construction of high-precision quasigeoid
heights usually can be carried out using the model or
operational approaches of physical geodesy. The
operational approach corresponds to the method of
least-squares collocation and requires a prior study of
additional information about the Earth gravitational
field (Moritz, 1980; Sideris, 2005). Such approach
leads to the optimal linear estimates and allows to get
a stable solution. The disadvantage of this method is
the large order of the inverted matrix, which is equal
to the number of initial data (observations). In the
model approach an order of inverted matrix is much
smaller and equal to the number of parameters. In this
case different sets of basis functions are usually used,
which are preferred in local gravity field modeling
due to the large number of data to be processed. For
example, the sequential multipole analysis was
developed for the approximation of disturbing poten-
(Marchenko, 1998; Marchenko et al., 2001), which
are connected with the radial basis functions. Another
type of model approach represents the so-called
spherical cap harmonic analysis (SCHA) that involves
the associated Legendre functions of the integer
degree and noninteger order (Haines, 1985). These
functions form two orthogonal subsets. In every set
corresponding functions are mutually orthogonal over
the spherical cap. However in general these functions
are not orthogonal and it is quite difficult to compute
eigenvalues and norms for their high orders. For that
reason it is possible to use a special model approach
of the adjusted spherical harmonic analysis (ASHA)
(de Santis, 1992) for the approximation of the local
gravity field (Jiancheng et al., 1995; De Santis &
Torta, 1997). The ASHA technique provides the
projection of initial data from a segment of sphere to
hemisphere and leads to the spherical functions of

 A. N. Marchenko, B. B. Dzhuman, 2015 7

 

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