Penilaian 1

Kimia (2 jam)

1 The table below shows substances and their chemical formula.

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bahan dan formula kimia masing-masing.

Substance / Bahan Chemical formula / Formula kimia Type of particle / Jenis zarah

Silver / Argentum Ag
Potassium oxide / Kalium K₂O
oksida
Ammonia / Ammonia NH₃
Chlorine / Klorin Cl₂

(a) State the type of particles that made up each substance in the table.
Nyatakan jenis zarah yang membentuk bahan dalam jadual di atas.

(b) Which of the substances are element? Explain your answer.

Yang manakah antara bahan tersebut merupakan suatu unsur? Jelaskan jawapan anda.

(c) Which of the substance are compound? Explain your answer.

Yang manakah antara bahan tersebut merupakan suatu sebatian? Jelaskan jawapan anda.

2 The table below shows the melting and boiling points of substance P, Q and R.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi bahan P, Q dan R.

Substance / Bahan Melting point / Takat lebur / °C Boiling point / Takat didih / °C
P –36 6
Q –18 70
R 98 230

(a) (i) What is meant by ‘melting point’?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ‘takat lebur’?

(ii) What is meant by ‘boiling point’?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ‘takat didih’?

(b) Draw the particles arrangement of substances P, Q and R at room condition.

Lukis susunan zarah P, Q dan R pada keadaan bilik.
(c) (i) What is the substance that exist in the form of liquid at 0°C.
Nyatakan bahan yang wujud dalam keadaan cecair pada suhu 0°C.

(ii) Give reason to your answer.

Jelaskan jawapan anda

(d) (i) Substance Q is heated from room temperature to 100°C. Sketch a graph of temperature
against time for the heating of substance Q.
Bahan Q dipanaskan dari suhu bilik hingga 100°C. Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi
pemanasan bahan Q terhadap masa untuk pemanasan bahan Q.

(ii) What is the state of matter of substance Q at 70°C?

Apakah keadaan fizik bahan Q pada 70°C?

(e) Compare the melting point of substances Q and R. Explain your answer.
Bandingkan takat lebur bahan Q dan R. Terangkan jawapan anda.
3. (a) Calculate the number of atoms in the following substances / Hitungkan bilangan atom yang
terdapat dalam bahan berikut:
[Relative atomic mass: N = 14; Zn = 65; Avogadro Constant = 6.02 × 1023]
[Jisim atom relatif: N = 14; Zn = 65; Pemalar Avogadro = 6.02 × 1023]

(i) 13 g of zinc / 13 g zink

(ii) 5.6 g of nitrogen gas / 5.6 g gas nitrogen

(b) Calculate the number of molecules in the following substances / Hitungkan bilangan molekul
dalam bahan berikut:
[Relative atomic mass: N = 14, H = 1, Cl = 35.5, Avogadro Constant = 6.02 × 1023]
[Jisim atom relatif: N = 14, H = 1, Cl = 35.5, Pemalar Avogadro = 6.02 × 1023]

(i) 8.5 g of ammonia gas, NH₃ / 8.5 g gas ammonia, NH₃

(ii) 14.2 g of chlorine gas, Cl₂/ 14.2 g gas klorin, Cl₂

4 A gas jar contains 240 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas. Calculate:
Suatu balang gas berisi 240 cm3 gas karbon dioksida. Hitungkan:
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12, O = 16; Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol–1 at room conditions]
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12, O = 16; Isi padu molar gas: 24 dm3 mol–1 pada keadaan bilik]

(a) Number of moles of carbon dioxide gas / Bilangan mol gas karbon dioksida:

(b) Number of molecules of carbon dioxide gas / Bilangan molekul gas karbon dioksida:

(c) Mass of carbon dioxide gas / Jisim gas karbon dioksida:

5. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction between
50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm–3 sodium thiosulphate solution and 5 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm–3 sulphuric acid. Time
taken for fixed amount of sulphur formed is recorded. The experiment was repeated five times using
different temperatures of sodium thiosulphate solution.
Suatu eksperimen dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar tindak balas antara 50 cm3
larutan natrium tiosulfat N 0.2 mol dm–3 dan 5 cm3 asid sulfurik 1.0 mol dm–3. Masa yang diambil
untuk kuantiti sulfur yang tetap terbentuk direkodkan.
Eksperimen diulangi sebanyak lima kali dengan menggunakan suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat yang
berlainan.

Table below shows the temperature and time taken for mark ‘X’ sign to disappear from view.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan suhu dan masa untuk tanda ‘X’ hilang daripada penglihatan.
 Experiment / Eksperimen 1 2 3 4 5
Temperature of sodium
thiosulphate/ °C Suhu natrium 30.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 92.0
tiosulfat/ °C
Time taken for fixed amount of
sulphur formed/s / Masa untuk 38 31 19 14 12
kuantiti tetap sulfur terbentuk/s
1 𝑠 −1
(time / masa)

(a) (i) Write chemical equation for the reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric
acid.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfurik.

(ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in (a)(i). / Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas di
(a)(i)

(b) What is the colour of the solid sulphur formed? / Apakah warna pepejal sulfur yang terbentuk?

(c) Suggest how to measure fixed amount of sulphur in this experiment.

Cadangkan cara untuk mengukur kuantiti sulfur yang tetap dalam eksperimen ini.

1 1
(d) (i) Complete the above table for / Lengkapkan jadual di atas bagi
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎

1
(ii) Lukiskan graf bagi suhu melawan bagi eksperimen ini.
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎

(e) (i) Based on graph in (d)(ii), state the relationship between the temperature of sodium
thiosulphate solution and the rate of reaction. / Berdasarkan graf di (d)(ii), nyatakan hubungan di
antara suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat dan kadar tindak balas.
(ii) Explain your answer in (e)(i) using collision theory.
Terangkan jawapan anda di (e)(i) menggunakan teori perlanggaran.

(f) State one other factor that needs to be constant in the experiments.
Nyatakan satu faktor lain yang perlu dimalarkan dalam eksperimen ini.

(g) Calculate the volume of 0.1 mol dm–3 sodium thiosulphate solution needed to prepare 100 cm3 of
0.08 mol dm–3 sodium thiosulphate solution. / Hitung isi padu larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.1 mol dm–3
yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan 100 cm3 larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.08 mol dm–3.